CN114485789A - Temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on narrowband Internet of things - Google Patents
Temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on narrowband Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN114485789A CN114485789A CN202210042106.2A CN202210042106A CN114485789A CN 114485789 A CN114485789 A CN 114485789A CN 202210042106 A CN202210042106 A CN 202210042106A CN 114485789 A CN114485789 A CN 114485789A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
- G05B19/0425—Safety, monitoring
Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on a narrowband Internet of things, which is used for realizing remote monitoring of temperature and humidity data in a field environment and is characterized by comprising a temperature and humidity sensor, a microcontroller and a wireless communication module, wherein the microcontroller is communicated with the temperature and humidity sensor through a serial interface to acquire the acquired temperature and humidity data, the microcontroller is communicated with a PC (personal computer) end through a serial port 1, and the microcontroller sends the temperature and humidity data to an Ariiyun platform through a serial port 2 and the wireless communication module in sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature and humidity information acquisition, in particular to a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on a narrow-band Internet of things.
Background
Humiture is one of the most common but also the most common parameters in production life simultaneously, all needs to gather and monitor it in numerous occasions to realize understanding and control to production environment, living environment, for example the construction in wisdom city, field research data monitoring etc..
At present, a data acquisition method commonly used in the fields of field data acquisition and the like is to store data in an SD card and then regularly replace a memory card by a worker for data acquisition, but the method needs to consume more manpower and material resources, the acquired data has time delay, the effect of real-time data monitoring cannot be achieved, and the method is not feasible in some fields with higher requirements on data real-time performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on a narrow-band internet of things.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the system comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a microcontroller and a wireless communication module, wherein the microcontroller is communicated with the temperature and humidity sensor through a serial interface to acquire acquired temperature and humidity data, the microcontroller is communicated with a PC (personal computer) end through a serial port 1, and the microcontroller sequentially sends the temperature and humidity data to an Arry cloud platform through a serial port 2 and the wireless communication module.
The controller is characterized in that the microcontroller adopts an STM32 single chip microcomputer, the temperature and humidity sensor is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and the wireless communication module is a BC20 module.
Before the system collects temperature and humidity data, a single chip microcomputer initialization process is required, and the process comprises LED initialization, BC20 port initialization, serial port initialization, sensor detection, module starting and reference clock setting.
In the initialization of the single chip microcomputer, the initialization content of each sub-process is specifically as follows:
LED initialization: initializing a hardware interface connected with the LED lamp, enabling a PC port clock, initializing a corresponding GPIO port, setting the GPIO mode as a push-pull output mode, and setting the IO port speed as 50 MHz;
BC20 port initialization: enabling PA and PB ports in a BC20 module, configuring a PA8 port as a starting operation port, setting a GPIO port mode as push-pull output, setting the IO port speed to be 50MHz, setting a normal starting mode of the BC20 module to pull down a PWRKEY pin, and setting the starting mode to be a shutdown state during initialization and the PA8 output to be high level;
initializing a serial port: enabling a serial port 1(USART1) and a GPIOA clock and resetting the serial port 1, wherein a data sending port of the serial port 1 is PA9, and setting a GPIO mode as push-pull output and initializing PA 9; the serial port 1 data receiving port is PA10, the GPIO mode is set as floating input, and PA10 is initialized; setting the interrupt priority of the serial port 1 to be 3, enabling an IRQ channel and initializing a VIC register; USART is initialized, the baud rate is set to 9600bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode; finally, the operations of starting interruption and enabling the serial port are carried out;
the initialization operation of the serial port 2 is similar to that of the serial port 1, the data sending port of the serial port 2 is PA2, and the data receiving port is PA 3; the baud rate is set to 115200bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode;
detecting by a sensor: initializing an IO port, enabling a GPIOB clock, initializing GPIOA7, and setting the GPIOA7 to be in a push-pull output mode, wherein the speed of the IO port is 50 MHz; detecting whether the DHT11 exists or not through the working time sequence of the DHT11, and if the DHT11 exists, returning a value of 0;
starting the module: sending an AT command to the module, if the module returns OK, normally starting the computer PWRKEY (PWRKEY) is 0, and lighting an LED indicator lamp;
setting a reference clock: initializing the general timer 3, the user may enter corresponding parameters as needed to control the count reload value and the clock frequency division number, enabling the interruption of the TIM3, preempting the priority level to 3, and enabling the TIMx peripheral.
The STM32 singlechip acquire the humiture data that DHT11 humiture sensor gathered specifically do:
the STM32 single chip microcomputer detects the state of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, if the temperature and humidity sensor works normally, data reading is started, data are read for one time in a cycle mode, the data are 40 bits in total for 5 bytes, the temperature data and the humidity data respectively occupy two bytes, the remaining byte is a check sum, and the 5 bytes are respectively stored in a predefined buffer buf [ i ].
The STM32 singlechip specifically performs temperature and humidity data acquisition and reading processes on the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor through a serial interface, wherein the processes are as follows:
the STM32 single chip microcomputer reads data transmitted by the sensor according to a method for distinguishing a digit 0 from a digit 1 in a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor time sequence, returns a corresponding value, shifts the data acquired each time by 1 bit to the left and operates the data with the currently read data according to the bit, and obtains data of one byte by circulating every 8 bits, and then stores the data of the byte into a buffer buf [ i ], and then the data operates according to the same method to obtain complete temperature and humidity data.
The STM32 singlechip communicates with the PC end through serial port 1, obtains the AT command that is sent by the PC end to BC20 module to the STM32 singlechip sends humiture data to BC20 module.
The BC20 module transmits temperature and humidity data to the Alice cloud platform in a wireless communication mode, and specifically completes network injection condition acquisition, connection with an MQTT server, a login server, construction of a data packet issuing theme and data issuing operation through an AT command transmitted by a PC terminal.
The serial port 1 is a USB-to-serial port, specifically is a USBTTL circuit, and the circuit adopts a CH340G chip to convert a serial port TTL level into a USB signal to be sent to a PC end, so that the debugging function of the serial port 1, the condition of the serial port 1 is monitored, and the STM32 single chip microcomputer is directly powered through the USB port.
The microcontroller is used as a transmission medium, received temperature and humidity data are forwarded through a serial port transfer mechanism in the microcontroller, the data are sent to the serial port 1 by the PC end in the process, the data are sent to the microcontroller after being received by the serial port 1, the data are printed to the wireless communication module by the microcontroller through the serial port 2, a corresponding state value is returned to the microcontroller through the serial port 2 after the data are received by the wireless communication module, and the data are printed to the PC end through the serial port 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on the narrow-band Internet of things, data of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor are read through the STM32 single chip microcomputer through the serial port, the temperature and humidity data are transmitted to the BC20 module through the serial port, the BC20 wireless communication module uploads the temperature and humidity data to the Ali cloud Internet of things platform through the MQTT protocol, and therefore the purpose of remote monitoring of items such as field data collection and the like needing temperature and humidity data is achieved, real-time observation of data change is facilitated, loss of manpower and material resources is reduced, and data collection monitoring work is finally completed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on a narrowband internet of things in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of communication between the single chip microcomputer, the temperature and humidity sensor and the PC terminal in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the initialization of the single chip microcomputer in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of temperature and humidity data reading in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on a narrowband internet of things, which mainly comprises an STM32 single chip microcomputer, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor and a BC20 wireless communication module, wherein the STM32 single chip microcomputer (microcontroller) reads data of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor (temperature and humidity sensor) through a serial interface, a PC end communicates with an STM32 single chip microcomputer through a serial port 1(USB to serial port), the STM32 communicates with a BC20 module (NB module) through a serial port 2, and the BC20 module is connected with an ari cloud platform in a wireless communication mode.
In the invention, the narrowband internet of things specifically refers to a network communication technology standard, also called low power consumption wide area network (LPWA), and the bandwidth of data transmission is about 18KHz, so that the narrowband is called.
As shown in figure 2, serial port 1 is a USBTTL circuit, adopts CH340G chip to change the serial port TTL level into the USB signal and gives the computer, and this USBTTL circuit is used for realizing serial port 1 debugging function, also can make things convenient for the user to use the serial port assistant to observe the condition of serial port simultaneously, can also directly supply power to STM32 singlechip through the USB port simultaneously.
The invention indirectly carries out data communication on the BC20 module through the serial port 1, the STM32 singlechip is only used as a transmission medium, and forwards the received data through the internal serial port transfer mechanism, and the process specifically comprises the following steps: the PC terminal sends data to the serial port 1, the serial port 1 receives the data and then transmits the data to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer prints the data to the BC20 module through the serial port 2, after the BC20 module receives the data, a corresponding state value is returned to the single chip microcomputer through the serial port 2, the single chip microcomputer prints the data to the PC terminal through the serial port 1, and the data receiving state of the BC20 module can be observed through a serial port debugging assistant.
As shown in fig. 3, the process of initializing the single chip includes LED initialization, BC20 port initialization, serial port initialization, sensor detection, module startup, setting a reference clock, and the like, and specifically includes:
LED initialization: initializing a hardware interface connected with the LED lamp, enabling a PC port clock, initializing a corresponding GPIO port, setting the GPIO mode to be a push-pull output mode, and setting the IO port speed to be 50 MHz.
BC20 port initialization: enabling PA and PB ports in the BC20 module, configuring a PA8 port as a starting operation port, setting a GPIO port mode as push-pull output, setting the IO port speed to be 50MHz, pulling down a PWRKEY pin in a normal starting mode of the BC20 module, and setting the PA8 output to be high level when the power-off state is initialized.
Initializing a serial port: enabling a serial port 1(USART1) and a GPIOA clock and resetting the serial port 1, wherein a data sending port of the serial port 1 is PA9, and setting a GPIO mode as push-pull output and initializing PA 9; the serial port 1 data receiving port is PA10, the GPIO mode is set as floating input, and PA10 is initialized; setting the interrupt priority of the serial port 1 to be 3, enabling an IRQ channel and initializing a VIC register; USART is initialized, the baud rate is set to 9600bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode; and finally, carrying out the operations of starting interruption and enabling the serial port.
The initialization operation of the serial port 2 is similar to that of the serial port 1, the data sending port of the serial port 2 is PA2, and the data receiving port is PA 3; the baud rate is set to 115200bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode.
Detecting by a sensor: initializing an IO port, enabling a GPIOB clock, initializing GPIOA7, and setting the GPIOA7 to be in a push-pull output mode, wherein the speed of the IO port is 50 MHz; and detecting whether the DHT11 exists or not through the working sequence of the DHT11, and if the DHT11 exists, returning a value of 0.
Starting the module: and sending an AT command to the module, if the module returns OK, turning on the module normally PWRKEY equal to 0, and lighting an LED indicator lamp.
Setting a reference clock: initializing the general timer 3, the user may enter corresponding parameters as needed to control the count reload value and the clock frequency division number, enabling the interruption of the TIM3, preempting the priority level to 3, and enabling the TIMx peripheral.
As shown in fig. 4, the reading process of the temperature and humidity data includes: the method comprises the steps of firstly detecting the state of a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, starting data reading if the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor works normally (the return value is 0), circularly reading data with 40 bits for one time, counting 5 bytes, wherein the temperature and humidity data respectively occupy two bytes, the remaining one byte is a checksum, and the 5 bytes are respectively stored in a pre-defined buffer buf [ i ].
The further concrete process is as follows:
reading data transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor according to a method for judging a number 0 and a number 1 in the time sequence of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and returning a corresponding value (0 or 1), wherein the specific judging method comprises the following steps:
in the process of binary data transmission, the representation of a digit "0" and a digit "1" of the DHT11 are only distinguished in a high level part, both generate a low level of 50us at the beginning, then both pull the DHT11 signal high, if the high level duration is 26-28 us, the data represents a digit "0", if the high level duration is 70us, the data represents a digit "1", because the DHT11 data transmission format is a single bus format, the data read out first is high, the data read out later is low, and the sensor is set to be an integer part (or a decimal part) of temperature and humidity data every 8 bits, in order to obtain correct data, the data obtained each time needs to be shifted to the left by 1 bit and operated or operated according to the bits, and the data read out currently is cycled every 8 bits, so that one byte of data can be obtained, and storing the byte data into the buffer buf [ i ], and operating the data according to the same method to obtain complete temperature and humidity data once.
In the embodiment, the system reads data of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor through the STM32 single chip microcomputer through a serial port; the STM32 singlechip passes through the serial ports and gives BC20 module with humiture data transfer, and BC20 wireless communication module passes through MQTT agreement and uploads humiture data to the cloud thing networking platform in the Ali to realize the purpose of projects that need remote monitoring humiture data such as open-air data acquisition, be convenient for the real-time observation data change, reduce manpower and materials loss, finally accomplish data acquisition monitoring work.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a humiture remote monitoring system based on narrowband thing networking for realize the remote monitoring to humiture data under the field environment, its characterized in that, this system includes temperature and humidity sensor, microcontroller and wireless communication module, microcontroller pass through serial interface and temperature and humidity sensor communication, acquire the humiture data of gathering, microcontroller pass through serial ports 1 and PC end communication, and microcontroller loop through serial ports 2 and wireless communication module and send humiture data to the arri cloud platform.
2. The temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on the narrowband Internet of things of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller adopts an STM32 single chip microcomputer, the temperature and humidity sensor is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and the wireless communication module is a BC20 module.
3. The remote temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the narrowband internet of things of claim 2, wherein a single chip microcomputer initialization process is required before the system collects temperature and humidity data, and the process comprises LED initialization, BC20 port initialization, serial port initialization, sensor detection, module startup and reference clock setting.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein in the initialization of the single chip microcomputer, the initialization content of each sub-process is specifically as follows:
LED initialization: initializing a hardware interface connected with the LED lamp, enabling a PC port clock, initializing a corresponding GPIO port, setting the GPIO mode as a push-pull output mode, and setting the IO port speed as 50 MHz;
BC20 port initialization: enabling PA and PB ports in a BC20 module, configuring a PA8 port as a starting operation port, setting a GPIO port mode as push-pull output, setting the IO port speed to be 50MHz, setting a normal starting mode of the BC20 module to pull down a PWRKEY pin, and setting the starting mode to be a shutdown state during initialization and the PA8 output to be high level;
initializing a serial port: enabling a serial port 1(USART1) and a GPIOA clock and resetting the serial port 1, wherein a data sending port of the serial port 1 is PA9, and setting a GPIO mode as push-pull output and initializing PA 9; the serial port 1 data receiving port is PA10, the GPIO mode is set as floating input, and PA10 is initialized; setting the interrupt priority of the serial port 1 to be 3, enabling an IRQ channel and initializing a VIC register; USART is initialized, the baud rate is set to 9600bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode; finally, the operations of starting interruption and enabling the serial port are carried out;
the initialization operation of the serial port 2 is similar to that of the serial port 1, the data sending port of the serial port 2 is PA2, and the data receiving port is PA 3; the baud rate is set to 115200bps, the data word length is 8 bits, and the mode is a transceiving mode;
detecting by a sensor: initializing an IO port, enabling a GPIOB clock, initializing GPIOA7, and setting the GPIOA7 to be in a push-pull output mode, wherein the speed of the IO port is 50 MHz; detecting whether the DHT11 exists or not through the working time sequence of the DHT11, and if the DHT11 exists, returning a value of 0;
starting the module: sending an AT command to the module, if the module returns OK, normally starting the computer PWRKEY (PWRKEY) is 0, and lighting an LED indicator lamp;
setting a reference clock: initializing the general timer 3, the user may enter corresponding parameters as needed to control the count reload value and the clock frequency division number, enabling the interruption of the TIM3, preempting the priority level to 3, and enabling the TIMx peripheral.
5. The temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on narrowband internet of things of claim 2, characterized in that the STM32 singlechip acquires temperature and humidity data collected by the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and specifically comprises:
the STM32 single chip microcomputer detects the state of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, if the temperature and humidity sensor works normally, data reading is started, data are read for one time in a cycle mode, the data are 40 bits in total for 5 bytes, the temperature data and the humidity data respectively occupy two bytes, the remaining byte is a check sum, and the 5 bytes are respectively stored in a predefined buffer buf [ i ].
6. The temperature and humidity remote monitoring system based on the narrowband Internet of things of claim 5, wherein the STM32 single chip microcomputer collects and reads temperature and humidity data of the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor through a serial interface specifically comprises:
the STM32 single chip microcomputer reads data transmitted by the sensor according to a method for distinguishing a digit 0 from a digit 1 in a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor time sequence, returns a corresponding value, shifts the data acquired each time by 1 bit to the left and operates the data with the currently read data according to the bit, and obtains data of one byte by circulating every 8 bits, and then stores the data of the byte into a buffer buf [ i ], and then the data operates according to the same method to obtain complete temperature and humidity data.
7. The remote temperature and humidity monitoring system based on the narrowband Internet of things of claim 1, wherein the STM32 single chip microcomputer is communicated with the PC terminal through a serial port 1 to obtain an AT command sent by the PC terminal to the BC20 module, and the STM32 single chip microcomputer sends temperature and humidity data to the BC20 module.
8. The remote humiture monitoring system based on the narrowband internet of things of claim 7, wherein the BC20 module transmits humiture data to an Ali cloud platform in a wireless communication manner, and specifically completes the operations of network injection condition acquisition, connection with an MQTT server, login server, data packet issuing theme construction and data issuing through an AT command sent by a PC terminal.
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the serial port 1 is a USB-to-serial port, specifically a USBTTL circuit, and the circuit converts a serial TTL level into a USB signal by using a CH340G chip and sends the USB signal to a PC terminal, thereby realizing a debugging function of the serial port 1, monitoring the condition of the serial port 1 and directly supplying power to an STM32 single chip microcomputer through the USB port.
10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller serves as a transmission medium and forwards received temperature and humidity data through a serial port transfer mechanism therein, the process is that the PC sends the data to the serial port 1, the serial port 1 receives the data and then sends the data to the microcontroller, the microcontroller prints the data to the wireless communication module through the serial port 2, the wireless communication module returns a corresponding state value to the microcontroller through the serial port 2 after receiving the data, and the microcontroller prints the data to the PC through the serial port 1.
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| US7231474B1 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2007-06-12 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Serial interface having a read temperature command |
| CN104224136A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-12-24 | 贵州大学 | Method and device for medically and wirelessly monitoring body temperature |
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