CN114485147A - Quick ignition temperature-raising method for electric arc furnace - Google Patents
Quick ignition temperature-raising method for electric arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114485147A CN114485147A CN202210074022.7A CN202210074022A CN114485147A CN 114485147 A CN114485147 A CN 114485147A CN 202210074022 A CN202210074022 A CN 202210074022A CN 114485147 A CN114485147 A CN 114485147A
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- arc furnace
- electric arc
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- electrode
- conductive
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003158 γ-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid ignition heating method of an electric arc furnace, and aims to solve the technical problem that the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace is low due to long ignition time, time and labor waste and the like of the conventional electric arc furnace ignition method. The method mainly comprises the following steps: charging a material to be melted into a furnace body of an electric arc furnace; immersing the lower ends of the electrodes of the electric arc furnace into the material, and paving conductive paths converged at or near the central part of the furnace from the electrodes inwards on the upper surface of the material or/and in the material by using conductive substances, or paving conductive paths converged at or near the central part of a closed connecting line between the electrodes inwards from the electrodes; and electrifying each electrode to enable the conductive path to conduct and heat so as to realize rapid ignition and temperature rise in the arc furnace. The invention connects each electrode through the star-shaped conductive path and lays the materials to be melted in the electric arc furnace, thereby accelerating the ignition and heating speed of the electric arc furnace and greatly improving the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric arc furnaces, in particular to a rapid ignition temperature rise method of an electric arc furnace.
Background
An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace for melting ores and metals at high temperatures by means of an electric arc generated by an electrode, in other words, an industrial furnace for generating electric arc heating by means of a metallic electrode or a non-metallic electrode is called an electric arc furnace. Electric arc furnaces can be classified into three-phase electric arc furnaces, consumable electric arc furnaces, single-phase electric arc furnaces, resistance electric arc furnaces, and the like, in terms of the form of an electric arc. With the improvement of electric arc furnace equipment, the improvement of smelting technology and the rapid development of electric power industry, the application cost of the electric arc furnace is continuously reduced, and the electric arc furnace is not only used for steelmaking production, but also used for producing a large amount of refractory materials (such as fused spinel, fused corundum and the like).
For example, alpha-Al2O3Is a crystal form required by corundum products, and the industrial alumina is mainly gamma-Al2O3Therefore, it is necessary to subject industrial alumina to high-temperature treatment to make gamma-Al2O3All converted to alpha-Al2O3So as to ensure that the material has excellent performance. The high-temperature treatment can remove alkali metal oxides in the industrial alumina, reduce the firing shrinkage of the product and reduce the deformation and cracking of the product. The preparation method of corundum raw material mainly includes 3 kinds of light-burned corundum (light-burned alumina), electric-melting corundum and sintered corundum. The corundum refractory material prepared by the electro-fused corundum electro-fusion method has high content of aluminum dioxide, complete and coarse corundum crystal grains and high chemical stability, and is fused block prepared by heating and fusing industrial alumina or high-alumina bauxite clinker serving as a raw material in an electric arc furnace, removing residues and cooling.
When an electric arc furnace, particularly a three-phase electric arc furnace, is used for heating and melting the thrown furnace burden, the lower end of an electrode is buried in the furnace burden for arc striking or conductive heating, but the thrown furnace burden is mostly in a block shape, a particle shape or a powder shape with uneven density, the initial state is non-conductive, or the conductive or arc striking heating performance is poor, so that the ignition of the electric arc furnace (even if the electrode reaches rated or stable working current and voltage) needs to consume a long time; in the prior art, an ignition mode that electrodes are connected by carbon rods to enhance the conductive heating capability is used, but the method leads the arc furnace to reach the rated current voltage from the cooling state, even if the arc furnace is implemented by experienced operators, the time is more than forty minutes, and further, the production efficiency is difficult to improve, and finished carbon rods with higher cost are required, so that the ignition mode wastes time and labor and has high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quick ignition heating method of an electric arc furnace, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing electric arc furnace ignition method is long in ignition heating time, time-consuming and labor-consuming, and accordingly the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace is low.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rapid ignition temperature rise method of an electric arc furnace is designed, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) charging the material to be heated and melted into an electric arc furnace;
(2) immersing the lower ends of the electrodes of the electric arc furnace into the material, and paving conductive paths converged at or near the central part of the furnace from the electrodes inwards on the upper surface of the material or/and in the material by using conductive substances, or paving conductive paths converged at or near the centroid part of a connection closed area among the electrodes inwards from the electrodes, so that all the electrodes are connected through the conductive substances;
(3) and electrifying each electrode to enable the conductive path to conduct and heat so as to realize rapid ignition and temperature rise in the arc furnace.
Preferably, in the step (1), the material to be melted loaded into the electric arc furnace is laid so that the upper surface of the material forms a concave arc surface with a low middle part and a high periphery or is flat around the electrode.
Preferably, in the step (2), the conductive substance is at least one of carbon rods, carbon blocks and carbon powder.
Preferably, in an arc furnace provided with a plurality of electrodes, a star-shaped conductive path is formed by laying a conductive material between the electrodes.
Preferably, in the step (2), the conductive path is formed by connecting the corresponding carbon rod from each electrode to the centroid of the closed region of the inter-electrode connecting line.
Preferably, the connection part of each electrode and each carbon rod and the butt joint part of each carbon rod are covered with carbon powder to enhance the conductivity.
Preferably, the material is at least one of industrial alumina or bauxite clinker, sintered magnesia or metallurgical mineral aggregate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main beneficial technical effects that:
1. the invention lays the conductive path from the electrode to the furnace core part or the closed centroid part of each electrode connecting line with the conductive substance to enhance the conductive heating energy of the material in the furnace, thereby accelerating the ignition heating speed of the electric arc furnace (the rated current and voltage can be reached in about 10 minutes), and further improving the heating and melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace.
2. The invention further paves the material to be heated and melted in the electric arc furnace, so that the material forms a trend of low middle and high periphery or flatness around the electrode, and the high-temperature material solution melted into liquid tightly surrounds the electrode to enhance the conductive heating performance, thereby achieving the purpose of further accelerating the ignition and temperature rise speed of the electric arc furnace and improving the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace.
3. The invention connects all the electrodes together through the conductive substance to form a star-shaped conductive path, so that the material in the center of the furnace can be quickly melted and quickly diffused and melted to the periphery, and the ignition efficiency and the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace are improved.
4. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and has low requirements on experience and capability of operators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase electrode connected by a carbon rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase electrode connection according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a three-phase electrode connection according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a third schematic structural diagram of a three-phase electrode connection according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figures, 1 is an electrode I, 2 is an electrode II, 3 is an electrode III, 4 is a carbon rod, 5 is carbon powder, 6 is a circular joint, 7 is a triangular joint, and 8 is a special-shaped joint.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
Example 1: a fast ignition method for raising temperature of an arc furnace, based on a three-phase arc furnace with three electrodes, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, mainly comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps of loading materials to be melted into a furnace body of an electric arc furnace, laying the materials to be melted in the electric arc furnace, and enabling the upper surface of the materials to form a concave arc surface with a low middle part and a high periphery or a flat periphery around electrodes (so that the materials in the middle part are firstly gathered in the area where the three electrodes are located after being melted, and the conductivity of furnace materials is further enhanced) and contact.
(2) The lower ends of the three electrodes are immersed into the material, the upper surface of the material is internally paved with carbon rods from the electrode positions to the centroid position gathered in the connecting line closed area between the electrodes, carbon powder is covered on each connecting position (the carbon powder is used carbon, the waste material is recycled, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved), the carbon rods also utilize the waste carbon blocks, and a plurality of carbon blocks are respectively connected with the first electrode geometric center, the second electrode center, the third electrode center and the geometric center, so that the effect can be realized.
(3) The electrodes are electrified, the conductive paths are used for conducting heating, electric arcs generated between the electrodes are used for heating, materials are melted, the three electrodes are arranged at the position close to the center of the electric arc furnace, and the connection positions of the conductive paths of the three electrodes are located at the center of the electric arc furnace, so that the materials in the electric arc furnace start to be melted from the center of the furnace body to the periphery, and the materials are arranged in a mode that the materials surround the three electrodes and tend to be low in the middle and high in the periphery, so that the melted liquid materials can further tightly wrap the electrodes, the conductive stability between the electrodes is enhanced, the heating and melting effects on the materials are guaranteed, the electrodes can reach the set current and voltage only need ten minutes in such a mode, the ignition efficiency of the electric arc furnace is greatly improved, and the melting efficiency of the electric arc furnace is further improved.
Example 2: different from the embodiment 1, in the embodiment 1, three electrodes are connected with a geometric center through a carbon rod, the three electrodes are connected with a furnace core or a centroid through the carbon rod, and the embodiment uses the carbon block to connect the three electrodes in a geometric pattern at the centroid: three electrodes are connected in a circle as shown in fig. 3, or three electrodes are connected in a triangle as shown in fig. 4, or three electrodes are connected in a special shape as shown in fig. 5, or the electrodes can be in other shapes, and carbon powder is covered on the connecting pattern to enhance the conductivity of the conductive path.
Example 3: examples of the applications
Taking a three-electrode electric arc furnace with the diameter of 4.5 meters and the transformer of 2000KVA as an example, 6 tons of electrically-fused spinel can be smelted in each furnace, a feeding port is arranged in the center of a furnace cover, 500-1000 kg of material is fed from the feeding port every time, the material just falls at the center of the three electrodes, ignition and temperature rise are carried out by adopting the method recorded in example 1, the current of 4000-6000A can be achieved by three electrodes within 10 minutes, the voltage is stabilized at 170V, 5 hours are needed for completing 6 tons of smelting, and the method is shortened by 40-60 minutes compared with the conventional method.
While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in the specific parameters of the embodiments described above may be made or equivalents of related methods, steps and materials may be substituted without departing from the spirit of the invention to form multiple embodiments, which are common variations of the invention and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (7)
1. A rapid ignition heating method of an electric arc furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting the material to be heated and melted into an electric arc furnace;
(2) immersing the lower ends of the electrodes of the electric arc furnace into the material, and paving conductive paths converged at or near the central part of the furnace from the electrodes inwards on the upper surface of the material or/and in the material by using conductive substances, or paving conductive paths converged at or near the centroid part of a connection closed area among the electrodes inwards from the electrodes, so that all the electrodes are connected through the conductive substances;
(3) and electrifying each electrode to enable the conductive path to conduct and heat so as to realize rapid ignition and temperature rise in the arc furnace.
2. The rapid ignition and temperature rise method for an arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the material to be melted charged into the arc furnace is laid so that the upper surface of the material forms a concave arc surface with a low middle and a high periphery or flat surface around the electrode.
3. The rapid ignition method for an electric arc furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the conductive material is at least one of carbon rod, carbon block and carbon powder.
4. The rapid ignition method for an arc furnace according to claim 1, wherein a star-shaped conductive path is formed by a conductive material between the electrodes in the arc furnace provided with a plurality of electrodes.
5. The rapid-ignition warm-up method for electric arc furnaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the conductive path is formed by the centroid of the closed area of the connecting line connecting the corresponding carbon rod from each electrode to each electrode.
6. The rapid ignition temperature raising method for an electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connecting portion of each electrode and the carbon rod and the butt portion of each carbon rod are covered with carbon powder to enhance the conductivity.
7. The fast-fire ramp method for an electric arc furnace of claim 1, wherein the material is at least one of industrial alumina or bauxite clinker, sintered magnesia, or a metallurgical mineral aggregate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210074022.7A CN114485147B (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Fast ignition heating method for electric arc furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210074022.7A CN114485147B (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Fast ignition heating method for electric arc furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114485147A true CN114485147A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114485147B CN114485147B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1211630A (en) * | 1998-08-08 | 1999-03-24 | 徐有生 | Pollution-free fire smelting method for Cu-Ni sulphide mine |
| CN2401860Y (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-10-18 | 武汉大学 | AC electric arc furnace wiht self-consumed electrode |
| CN1804065A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2006-07-19 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method of pre-melting electroslag |
| CN102016079A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-04-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Process for producing molten metal |
| JP2012171858A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-10 | Kinoshita Seisakusho:Kk | Method for melting recovered silicon waste |
| CN108034834A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-05-15 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of small lot electroslag remelting pre-melted slag |
| CN112880409A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 甘肃金麓银峰冶金科技有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of refractory material at bottom of ferronickel electric furnace and bottom of ferronickel electric furnace |
-
2022
- 2022-01-21 CN CN202210074022.7A patent/CN114485147B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1211630A (en) * | 1998-08-08 | 1999-03-24 | 徐有生 | Pollution-free fire smelting method for Cu-Ni sulphide mine |
| CN2401860Y (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-10-18 | 武汉大学 | AC electric arc furnace wiht self-consumed electrode |
| CN1804065A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2006-07-19 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Preparation method of pre-melting electroslag |
| CN102016079A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-04-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Process for producing molten metal |
| JP2012171858A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-10 | Kinoshita Seisakusho:Kk | Method for melting recovered silicon waste |
| CN108034834A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-05-15 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | A kind of production method of small lot electroslag remelting pre-melted slag |
| CN112880409A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 甘肃金麓银峰冶金科技有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of refractory material at bottom of ferronickel electric furnace and bottom of ferronickel electric furnace |
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|---|---|
| CN114485147B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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