CN114483943A - Automatic gear shifting system of electric automobile and hydraulic control method and gear shifting control method thereof - Google Patents

Automatic gear shifting system of electric automobile and hydraulic control method and gear shifting control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114483943A
CN114483943A CN202210217668.6A CN202210217668A CN114483943A CN 114483943 A CN114483943 A CN 114483943A CN 202210217668 A CN202210217668 A CN 202210217668A CN 114483943 A CN114483943 A CN 114483943A
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China
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oil
valve core
gear
shifting
hydraulic
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CN202210217668.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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郑品刚
郑庚辛
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202210217668.6A priority Critical patent/CN114483943A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • F16H61/0213—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
    • F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0003—Arrangement or mounting of elements of the control apparatus, e.g. valve assemblies or snapfittings of valves; Arrangements of the control unit on or in the transmission gearbox
    • F16H61/0009—Hydraulic control units for transmission control, e.g. assembly of valve plates or valve units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

An electric automobile automatic gear shifting system, a hydraulic control method and a gear shifting control method thereof belong to the field of electric automobiles, in the gear shifting device of the gear shifting system, a synchronizer is arranged in the middle of a gear on a driven shaft, a buffer is arranged on the outer side of the gear, a plurality of detection sensors are arranged in an automatic gear shifting system, signals of the detection sensors are connected with signals of a controller, the output end of the controller is connected with control signals of an electromagnetic valve of a hydraulic gear shifting device, a hydraulic valve body comprises a plurality of valve cores, the controller automatically controls the electromagnetic valve to further switch the valve cores to move along the axial direction according to speed and torque, the valve cores drive a shifting fork to shift gears, and stable gear shifting of an electric automobile can be realized by utilizing the invention, the shake of automobile body when can avoid electric automobile to shift gears simplifies hydraulic pressure gearshift's structure, and compression hydraulic system's manufacturing cost reduces whole sale cost, improves electric automobile's competitiveness.

Description

Automatic gear shifting system of electric automobile and hydraulic control method and gear shifting control method thereof
The invention relates to a gear shifting system, a hydraulic control method and a gear shifting control method thereof, in particular to an electric automobile automatic gear shifting system, a hydraulic control method and a gear shifting control method thereof, and belongs to the field of electric automobiles.
Background
With the continuous exploitation of fossil energy on the earth, the reserves of the earth are less and less, in addition, the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous progress of human civilization are, the possession of automobiles is continuously increased, fuel automobiles not only bring the problem of road congestion, but also importantly increase the carbon emission, so that the global warming is caused, the weather that PM2.5 exceeds the standard is also increased in one year, measures are taken from all aspects to reduce the carbon emission and ensure the climate pollution to reach the standard, and the method becomes the consensus of all mankind.
In order to replace the problem of the deficiency of fossil energy, reduce carbon emission and ensure the standard reaching of climate, the development of new energy automobiles becomes a competitive research and development project of automobile manufacturers and related industries, including hydrogen cars, air cars, and the like, and most attractive and developing potential electric cars, the popularization and application speed of the automobile far exceeds that of other new energy automobiles, but the automobile still has a plurality of defects, if the driving range of the battery is too short, the driving speed is unstable during the operation process of the driver in the running process, particularly, people carrying electric vehicles such as buses are prone to causing carsickness, passengers pitch forward and lean backward instantly due to unstable speed and the like, compared with general vehicles, cargo carrying electric vehicles increase the jolt of the vehicles, and cause mutual friction and other phenomena among cargos, and the reasons for the phenomena are mainly caused by the electric vehicles during gear shifting.
In addition, in the existing electric automobile gear shifting device, in the automatic gear shifting process, a motor is used for gear shifting, and a hydraulic system is also used for gear shifting, but for the electric automobile in the initial development stage, if the cost is too high, the popularization and the application of the electric automobile are not facilitated, the market widening is not facilitated, for the electric automobile in the primary extreme, at present, in the hydraulic gear shifting system, the hydraulic system is relatively complex, the cost is relatively high, the marketization of the electric automobile is not facilitated, and technicians in the field develop electric new energy automobiles with good performance and low price in succession at night.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the operation is unstable in the conventional gear shifting process of the electric automobile; the invention provides an automatic stable gear shifting system, a hydraulic control method and a gear shifting control method of an electric automobile, and aims to avoid shaking of an automobile body when the electric automobile shifts gears, simplify the structure of a hydraulic gear shifting device, compress the production cost of a hydraulic system, reduce the overall sale cost and improve the competitiveness of the electric automobile.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an automatic gear shifting system of an electric automobile comprises a driving motor, a motor speed sensor and a synchronizer for gear shifting, wherein the gear shifting system comprises a driving motor output shaft, a driven shaft of a gear shifting device is connected onto the driving motor output shaft, the gear shifting device comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a plurality of gears are arranged on each shaft, a buffer of the synchronizer and the driven shaft output end is respectively arranged in the middle and outside of the gear on the driven shaft, the buffer input end is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, the buffer output end is provided with a gear shifting output tooth, a plurality of buffer springs are arranged between the buffer input end and the gear shifting output tooth, the output end of the gear shifting device is directly or indirectly connected onto a differential, the output end of the gear shifting device and the motor are respectively provided with a speed sensor, the motor is also provided with a torque sensor, and the speed sensor and the torque sensor are both electrically connected with a gear shifting controller, the signal output end of the gear shifting controller is connected with a gear shifting electromagnetic valve of a hydraulic gear shifting driving device, a shifting fork of the gear shifting device is connected with the end part of a main valve core of the hydraulic gear shifting driving device, the hydraulic gear shifting driving device comprises an oil pump and an electromagnetic hydraulic valve, a driving gear is connected with the oil pump shaft, the electromagnetic hydraulic valve comprises a gear shifting electromagnetic valve, a main valve core, an auxiliary valve core, a hydraulic valve body, a spring, a pressure relief valve core and a throttle valve core, a plurality of valve cores are arranged in the hydraulic valve body, the end part of a main valve core is connected with a synchronizer through a shifting fork, when an oil pump works, different oil passages are respectively formed at different positions in a hydraulic valve body by an auxiliary valve core, the different oil passages are communicated with a cavity on the opposite side of an auxiliary valve core spring through a main oil passage, a pressure relief oil passage in the main oil passage is respectively communicated with a radiator of a motor controller and a plurality of lubricating parts of a gear shifting system through a pressure relief valve, and oil subjected to lubrication and heat dissipation returns to a hydraulic gear shifting driving device;
further, a driving high gear tooth and a driving low gear tooth are fixed on the driving shaft, a driven high gear tooth and a driven low gear tooth are arranged on the driven shaft in a sliding manner, the driving high gear tooth and the driving low gear tooth are respectively meshed with the driven high gear tooth and the driven low gear tooth, a synchronizer is arranged between the driven high gear tooth and the driven low gear tooth, axial chamfer-shaped gear changing teeth are respectively arranged on opposite surfaces of the driven high gear tooth, the driven low gear tooth and the synchronizer, a shifting ring is arranged on the periphery of the synchronizer in a sliding manner, the axial chamfer-shaped gear changing teeth on one side of the synchronizer are fixedly arranged on the inner periphery of the shifting ring through a sliding block, the shifting ring and the axial chamfer-shaped gear changing teeth on the inner periphery of the sliding block are arranged on the periphery of the synchronizer in a sliding manner, a transition input tooth on a transition shaft is meshed on a shift output tooth of the shift device, the transition input tooth and the transition output tooth are duplex teeth with different diameters, a speed sensor of the shift device is arranged at the shaft end of the driven shaft, the output teeth of the gear shifting device are meshed with the transition input teeth of the double coupling teeth, and the transition output teeth of the double coupling teeth are meshed with the input teeth of the differential or the input teeth of the connecting shaft of the transmission shaft;
furthermore, a shifting ring is arranged in the synchronizer, a shifting groove is formed in the periphery of the shifting ring, the shifting end of the shifting fork is of a semi-circular structure, the shifting end of the semi-circular structure is movably arranged in the shifting groove in the periphery of the shifting ring, a sleeve ring is arranged at the other end of the shifting fork, the sleeve ring is arranged in the periphery of the shifting fork rod in a sliding mode, balls are arranged in the inner periphery of the sleeve ring, radial springs are arranged on the radial outer periphery side of the balls in the radial direction, a plurality of spherical pits are arranged on the shifting fork rod, the positions of the spherical pits are shifting positions respectively, and the balls are located in one of the spherical pits after shifting and are relatively fixed in position;
furthermore, a main valve core and an auxiliary valve core are arranged in the hydraulic valve body, the outer end of the main valve core is connected with one side of a sleeve ring of a shifting fork, the moving direction of the main valve core and the auxiliary valve core is parallel to a shifting fork rod, one end of the main valve core and one end of the auxiliary valve core are respectively provided with a main valve core spring and an auxiliary valve core spring, one side of the main valve core spring is provided with a chamber II, the opposite end is provided with a chamber I, the opposite end of the auxiliary valve core spring is provided with an auxiliary valve core chamber, different positions of the periphery of the auxiliary valve core are provided with grooves, the inner periphery of the hydraulic valve body where the auxiliary valve core is positioned is provided with a plurality of oil holes, different oil holes are respectively communicated with different oil ducts or the same oil duct, the grooves of the auxiliary valve core at different positions moving along the axial direction in the hydraulic valve body are respectively communicated with different oil holes, and respectively form a high-pressure oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber I and a pressure-releasing oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber II or a high-pressure oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber II and a pressure-releasing oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber I, the main oil duct is provided with an auxiliary oil duct, the auxiliary oil duct is provided with a throttling hole, the flow of the auxiliary oil duct is smaller than that of the main oil duct, the auxiliary oil duct is provided with a flow limiting valve, the auxiliary oil duct leads to an auxiliary valve core chamber through the flow limiting valve, the auxiliary valve core chamber is communicated with the auxiliary oil duct, a drain duct of the auxiliary valve core chamber is communicated with an oil drain hole of the gear shifting electromagnetic valve, the main oil duct is also provided with a pressure release valve, the rear end of the pressure release valve is respectively led to inlets of a plurality of heat dissipation parts and lubricating parts, and oil of the heat dissipation parts and the lubricating parts returns to the hydraulic gear shifting driving device through outlets of the pressure release valve;
furthermore, one or two driving motors are arranged, the speed ratio between a plurality of gears from the shift output device of the driven shaft to the input teeth of the differential mechanism is large, and a speed sensor arranged at the output end of the shift device is positioned at the shaft end of the driven shaft;
furthermore, the buffer comprises three or more annular sheets which are parallel to each other, wherein one or two annular sheets are a main sheet and the other annular sheet or two annular sheets are an auxiliary sheet, the auxiliary sheet is arranged on the main sheet in a circumferential sliding manner, a plurality of spring holes are formed in the middle positions of the main sheet and the auxiliary sheet along the circumferential direction, the plurality of spring holes are respectively provided with a buffer spring, a sleeve which is used as an input end is fixed in the middle of the main sheet, the sleeve is fixed at the end part of a driven shaft, a gear shifting output tooth is fixed on the auxiliary sheet, after the driven shaft drives the main sheet to rotate, the main sheet compresses one end of each of the plurality of buffer springs, then transmits the pressure to the other end of each buffer spring and then transmits the pressure to the auxiliary sheet, and the auxiliary sheet transmits the torque to the gear shifting output tooth;
furthermore, the shifting electromagnetic valve comprises a shell, wherein an oil filling port and an oil outlet are arranged at one end of the shell, an armature and a valve core are arranged on one side, close to the oil filling port and the oil outlet, in the shell, oil port plugs extending to the oil filling port and the oil outlet are arranged, electromagnetic cores are arranged at the opposite ends of the armature and the valve core in the shell, springs are arranged between the armature and the valve core and between the electromagnetic cores, an electromagnetic coil is arranged at the periphery of the armature in the shell, a permanent magnet is arranged at the periphery of the electromagnetic core, pulse electrodes are arranged at the opposite ends of the oil filling port and the oil outlet, when a negative pulse is added to the pulse electrodes, the oil port plugs the oil filling port and the oil outlet, and when a positive pulse is added, the oil port plugs the oil filling port and the oil outlet;
further, the lubricating part comprises a plurality of gears, a driven shaft, a transition shaft and a sliding part of the transition shaft, and the heat dissipation part comprises a motor heat dissipation part and a controller heat dissipation part.
The gear shifting control method of the automatic gear shifting system of the electric automobile utilizes the automatic gear shifting system of the electric automobile, the speed and the torque sensors in the gear shifting device and the driving motor to respectively detect the speed and the torque of the vehicle and feed the speed and the torque back to the controller, and when the vehicle is under a heavy load or climbs a slope, the speed is reduced and the torque is increased; when the gear is shifted, the controller controls the driving motor to instantly reduce or stop torque output but the motor has rotating speed output to perform gear shifting and simultaneously enter neutral gear, the controller detects the rotating speed of the driven shaft and the rotating speed of the driving motor to perform motor speed difference synchronization when the controller enters the neutral gear, so that the rotating speed of the driven shaft is consistent when the gear shifting device shifts the gear and the rotating speed of the driving motor enters the gear, meanwhile, the controller controls a gear shifting electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic driving device to perform corresponding opening or closing, thereby changing an oil passage, changing the position of a valve core under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, driving a shifting fork and a synchronizer to switch the gear while moving between different positions, and when the gear is switched, the driven shaft and the driven gear rotate synchronously.
An automatic gear shifting system of an electric automobile and a gear shifting hydraulic control method thereof are implemented by utilizing the hydraulic gear shifting driving device and the hydraulic valve body, when the vehicle is switched to a low gear, a controller controls an oil outlet of a gear shifting electromagnetic valve to be opened, an auxiliary valve core spring pushes an auxiliary valve core to the opposite side of the auxiliary valve core spring when pressure oil in an auxiliary valve core chamber is discharged, a new hydraulic oil duct is formed between a groove at the periphery of the auxiliary valve core and an oil hole at the periphery of the auxiliary valve core, so that a hydraulic oil duct is changed, the hydraulic oil enters one side of two springs of a main valve core chamber, oil is drained from the main valve core chamber, a main valve core moves to the opposite side of the main valve core spring in a hydraulic valve body under the action of the hydraulic pressure and the spring force of the main valve core spring, when the vehicle is switched to a high gear, the controller controls the oil outlet of the gear shifting electromagnetic valve to be closed, a throttle valve arranged in an auxiliary oil duct behind a throttle hole in the hydraulic oil duct is opened in advance, and the hydraulic oil enters the auxiliary valve core chamber, the auxiliary valve core spring is compressed, the position of the auxiliary valve core is changed, after the position is changed, the groove on the periphery of the auxiliary valve core is matched with the oil hole in the inner periphery of the valve body, the auxiliary valve core changes the oil channel of hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil flows into the first cavity of the main valve core oil, the second cavity of the main valve core drains oil, the hydraulic oil compresses the spring of the main valve core, the space of the second cavity on one side of the spring of the main valve core is compressed to the minimum, the main valve core is pushed to move under the action of high pressure and pressure relief, the main valve core drives the synchronizer to shift gears through a shifting fork, when the pressure set value is exceeded in the main oil channel, the pressure is relieved through a pressure relief valve arranged in the oil channel, the hydraulic pressure reaches the set value, the discharged hydraulic oil is sent to the heat dissipation part and the mechanical lubricating part of the electrical component, and then the hydraulic oil is returned to the oil pump hydraulic gear shifting driving device.
The invention has the following positive effects: the high-gear and low-gear driving shafts are fixed on the driving shaft, the high-gear and low-gear driven shafts are provided with high-gear and low-gear driven gears which are respectively meshed, at the moment, the high-gear and low-gear driven gears are arranged on the driven shaft, and power cannot be transmitted, the high-gear and low-gear driven gears are provided with synchronizers in the middle, the poking ring and the chamfering shifting gear are arranged on the periphery of the synchronizers in a sliding manner, the chamfering shifting gear can slide to one side of the high-gear driven gear or the low-gear driven by the synchronizers under the poking of the poking fork, the synchronizers on the opposite sides are utilized for synchronizing, so that the synchronizers and the high-gear driven gear or the low-gear driven shaft are meshed together, the power is transmitted to one side of the high-gear driven gear or the low-gear driven shaft, the power is transmitted to the driven shaft through the synchronizers, and then the buffers arranged on the driven shaft are utilized for sequentially transmitting the power to the shifting output gear, The transition input teeth, the transition shaft, the transition output teeth and the differential input teeth are output to wheels connected with the end parts of the half shafts by using the two half shafts in the differential; the buffer is arranged on one side of the driven shaft, a plurality of buffer springs can be compressed in the gear shifting process, the buffer effect is achieved, the impact in the gear shifting process is reduced, and stable gear shifting is achieved; through a pressure relief valve in a main oil duct, the situation that the hydraulic oil in the oil duct reaches a set hydraulic value in a high gear can be guaranteed, the excessive part is reduced to the set hydraulic value through the pressure relief valve, the decompressed hydraulic oil is transmitted to a driving motor, a controller heat dissipation part and sliding parts of all gears, a driven shaft, a transition shaft and the transition shaft to play a lubricating role, an orifice hole is arranged in an auxiliary oil duct, a limiting valve is arranged in the oil duct behind the orifice hole, the oil duct behind the orifice hole can be disconnected at a low speed in a low gear, the oil quantity of the main oil duct can be accelerated when the vehicle speed is increased, and meanwhile, the oil pressure of the auxiliary oil duct can push the limiting valve to enable the oil pressure to smoothly enter an auxiliary valve core cavity to prepare for entering a high gear state; the ball is arranged between the shifting fork rod and the shifting fork sleeve ring, so that the positions of the shifting fork on different gears can be relatively stabilized, and the shifting fork can be moved under the thrust action of the shifting hydraulic valve body; through setting up the shift controller, can make the initiative high gear tooth and the driven high gear tooth that mesh respectively each other on driving shaft and the driven shaft well under hydraulic pressure drive arrangement that shifts, the initiative is low to be kept off and is kept off coordination between the tooth and the driven low gear tooth meshing, realize that the rotational speed that the initiative is high to keep off the tooth and keep off the tooth with the driven high gear tooth or the initiative is low to keep off between the tooth and the driven low gear tooth is synchronous before shifting, then implement to shift gears under the synchronization situation, utilize the synchronous ware to shift gears smoothly, the noise reduction, the shake of vehicle when reducing the shifting. By utilizing the invention, the shaking of the automobile body during the gear shifting of the electric automobile can be avoided, the structure of the hydraulic gear shifting device is simplified, the production cost of a hydraulic system is reduced, the overall sale cost is reduced, and the competitiveness of the electric automobile is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the driven shaft and its various components disposed thereon.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the low range driven wheel.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a buffer structure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exploded mechanism of the damper.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fork and the fork lever in combination.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the fork and the fork rod.
Fig. 8 is an exploded view of a hydraulic valve body of the hydraulic shift drive device.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-locking shift solenoid valve under negative pulse.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a self-locking shift solenoid valve under positive pulse.
Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of a hydraulic valve body of the shifting solenoid valve in a high gear state.
Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the hydraulic valve body of the shifting solenoid valve in a low gear.
Fig. 13 is a schematic oil passage section view of the hydraulic shift driving device in the high gear.
Fig. 14 is a schematic oil passage section view of the hydraulic shift driving device in a low gear.
Description of reference numerals: 1 a-right oil duct I, 1 b-left oil duct I, 2-oil duct II, 3-oil duct III, 4-oil duct IV, 5-oil duct V, 6-residual oil and residual gas drain outlet, 7 a-auxiliary valve core cavity oil inlet, 7 b-auxiliary valve core cavity oil drain outlet, 8-auxiliary valve core cavity, 9-oil duct nine, 10-driving shaft, 10 a-motor connecting part, 10 b-motor II connecting part, 11 a-driving high gear, 11 b-driving low gear, 12 a-driven high gear, 12 b-driven low gear, 12 c-synchronizing ring, 13-synchronizer, 13 a-shifting ring, 14-buffer, 15-shifting fork, 16-shifting fork rod, 17-hydraulic valve body, 17 a-lower valve body, 18-shifting electromagnetic valve, 19-speed sensor, 20-hydraulic gear shifting device, 20 a-main valve core, 20 b-auxiliary valve core, 21-gear shifting output tooth, 22-transition input tooth, 23-differential input tooth, 24-driven shaft, 24 a-shaft end external spline, 24 b-shaft external spline, 25-transition shaft, 26-differential, 27-sleeve, 27 a-sleeve internal spline, 28-gear lubricating oil hole, 29-driven shaft lubricating oil hole, 30-bearing, 33 a-main piece one, 33 b-main piece two, 334-auxiliary piece, 5-buffer spring, 36-anti-slip pin, 37-oil groove, 41-ball, 42-spherical small pit, 43-radial spring, 44-lantern ring, 45-electromagnetic core, 46-permanent magnet, 47-spring, 48-electromagnetic coil, 49-armature and valve core, 50 a-electromagnetic valve oil filling port, 50 b-electromagnetic valve oil discharging port, 51-oil pan, 52-filter core, 53-oil pump oil inlet, 54-oil pump oil outlet, 55-main oil channel, 57-pressure relief valve, 58-flow limiting valve, 62-main valve core spring, 63-auxiliary valve core spring, 64-main valve core chamber I and 65-main valve core chamber II.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The low gear condition is an automatic state that is consistent with a small or flat road, and is a low gear condition when the load is increased, the speed is low, or the hill is climbed.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the automatic gear shifting system of the electric automobile comprises a driving motor, a motor rotating speed sensor of the driving motor and a synchronizer 13 for gear shifting, wherein the gear shifting system comprises a driving motor output shaft, a driving shaft of a gear shifting device is connected to the driving motor output shaft, the overall structure schematic diagram of the automatic gear shifting system is shown in the figure 1, the figure 2 is an exploded view of a driven shaft 24 and a plurality of components arranged on the driven shaft 24, and the figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of a driven low-gear wheel. The driven high-gear wheel 12a and the driven low-gear wheel 12b have the same structure and only have different diameters, the gear-shifting device comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft 24, each shaft is provided with a plurality of gears, wherein the middle and one outer side of the gear on the driven shaft 24 are respectively provided with a synchronizer 13 and a buffer 14, the input end of the buffer 14 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft 24, the output end of the buffer 14 is provided with a gear-shifting output tooth 21, a plurality of buffer springs 35 are arranged between the input end of the buffer and the gear-shifting output tooth 21, the output end of the gear-shifting device is provided with a gear-shifting speed sensor 19, a driving motor is respectively provided with a speed sensor and a torque sensor, the speed sensor and the torque sensor are both electrically connected with a gear-shifting controller, the output end of the gear-shifting controller is connected with a gear-shifting electromagnetic valve 18 of the hydraulic gear-shifting driving device, a shifting fork 15 of the gear-shifting driving device is connected with the end part of a main valve core 20a of the hydraulic gear-shifting driving device, the hydraulic gear shifting driving device comprises an oil pump and an electromagnetic hydraulic valve, the electromagnetic hydraulic valve comprises a gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18, a valve core and a hydraulic valve body 17, a plurality of valve cores are arranged in the hydraulic valve body 17, the end part of a main valve core 20a is connected with a synchronizer 13 through a shifting fork 15, when the oil pump works, a main oil duct shifts gears through an oil duct leading to a gear shifting system and an oil cavity, a radiator leading to a motor controller through a pressure release valve 57 and a plurality of lubricating parts of the gear shifting system are led to, the oil returning to the hydraulic gear shifting driving device is lubricated and cooled, 28 is a gear lubricating oil hole formed in a gear and the like, and 29 is a lubricating oil hole formed in a driven shaft.
In this embodiment, the two ends of the driving shaft 10 are provided with the motor connecting portion 10a and the motor connecting portion 10b, one motor or two motors can be selectively connected according to the vehicle type, and the two motors are selected to have the advantages that one motor can be used for driving on a flat ground with a small load, if the load is large or the vehicle can be driven by two motors when the vehicle runs on a climbing road, on one hand, the two small motors occupy a small height, the large motor with the same power occupies a large height, the carriage design is too high and lacks stability, which easily causes the problem of vehicle turnover, and in addition, the price of the two small motors is not as high as that of the large motor with the same power, which can save driving power and prolong the cruising ability, and in this embodiment, although the differential and the gear shifting device are selected according to the road condition and the load during the driving process, the driving power can be saved and the cruising ability can be prolonged, The hydraulic shifting driving device is designed together, and a differential can be arranged on the wheel side through a transmission device according to actual conditions.
The driving shaft is fixed with a driving high-gear tooth 11a and a driving low-gear tooth 11b, the driven shaft 24 is provided with a driven high-gear tooth 12a and a driven low-gear tooth 12b in a sliding manner by a bearing 30, the driving high-gear tooth 11a and the driving low-gear tooth 11b are respectively engaged with the driven high-gear tooth 12a and the driven low-gear tooth 12b, a synchronizer 13 is arranged between the driven high-gear tooth 12a and the driven low-gear tooth 12b, the opposite surfaces of the driven high-gear tooth 12a and the driven low-gear tooth 12b and the synchronizer 13 are respectively provided with axial inverted angle-shaped gear shifting teeth, the structural schematic diagram of the low-gear driven wheel is shown in figure 3, the periphery of the synchronizer 13 is provided with a shifting ring 13a in a sliding manner, the inverted angle-shaped gear shifting teeth on one side of the synchronizer 13 are fixedly arranged on the inner periphery of the shifting ring 13a through a sliding block, the shifting ring 13a and the inverted angle-shaped gear shifting teeth on the inner periphery of the sliding block are arranged on the periphery of the synchronizer 13 in a sliding manner, and the shifting ring 13a shifting ring 15 of the hydraulic gear shifting device is used for driving the shifting fork 15 to drive the inverted angle-shaped gear shifting teeth to slide to the driven high-gear teeth on the driven shaft 24 Or the ring chamfer-shaped gear shifting teeth (namely: the synchronous ring 12 c) on one side of the driven low-gear teeth move, the shifting fork 15 shifts the shifting ring 13a and the sliding block thereof to slide to the synchronous ring 12c, the chamfer-shaped gear shifting teeth on the shifting ring 13a and the synchronous ring 12c on one side of the driven high-gear teeth 11a or the driven low-gear teeth 11b are synchronously engaged through friction, so that the synchronizer 13 and the driven teeth are engaged and rotate, the driven shaft 24 is further driven to rotate together, the transition input teeth 22 of the duplex teeth on the transition shaft 25 are engaged on the gear shifting output teeth 21 in the gear shifting device, the transition input teeth 22 are fixed on the transition shaft 25, the transition output teeth with different diameters are simultaneously fixed on the transition shaft 25, the output end gear shifting speed sensor 19 of the gear shifting device is arranged at the shaft end of the driven shaft 24, and the input teeth of the differential 26 or the connecting shaft input teeth of the transmission shaft are engaged on the transition output teeth of the gear shifting device.
The synchronizer described in the present embodiment is a conventional one, and the synchronizer 13 is widely used in a gear shifting device of an automobile transmission, and belongs to the prior art.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the damper 14, and fig. 5 is a schematic exploded structural view of the damper 14. The buffer 14 comprises three or more annular sheets which are parallel to each other, wherein two sheets on two sides are main sheets and respectively enable a first main sheet 33a and a second main sheet 33b, the other sheet is an auxiliary sheet 34, the auxiliary sheet is arranged between the first main sheet 33a and the second main sheet 33b in a circumferential sliding mode, a plurality of spring holes are formed in the middle positions of the second main sheet 33b and the auxiliary sheet 34 along the circumferential direction, buffer springs 35 are respectively arranged in the spring holes, a sleeve 27 serving as an input end is fixed in the round hole of the first main sheet 33a, the sleeve 27 is fixed at the end of the driven shaft 24, a gear-shifting output tooth 21 is fixed on the auxiliary sheet, and the first main sheet 33a and the second main sheet 33b are welded together through laser after the buffer is assembled.
In this embodiment, the driven shaft 24 is provided with a shaft end external spline 24a at the shaft end provided with the buffer, the inner circumference of the sleeve 27 is provided with a sleeve internal spline 27a matched with the sleeve internal spline to fixedly connect the sleeve 27 and the driven shaft, the shift output teeth 21 are fixed on the auxiliary plate, the driven shaft 24 compresses one end of the plurality of buffer springs 35 after driving the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b to rotate, then transmits the pressure to the other end of the damper spring 35, and to the sub plate 34a, the sub plate 34 transmits the torque to the shift output dog 21, in order to prevent the sub-plate 34 from falling off from the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b, a separation preventing pin 36 is arranged between the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b, the sub-plate 34 can rotate between the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b, the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b can be prevented from falling off, after the first main plate 33a and the second main plate 33b are assembled, laser welding is carried out, and an oil groove 37 of lubricating oil is arranged on the gear shifting output tooth 21.
In addition, the number of the main pieces and the number of the sub pieces can be set according to needs, and the positions of the main pieces and the sub pieces can be interchanged without being limited in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a shifting fork and a shifting fork rod 16, fig. 7 is an exploded view of the shifting fork and the shifting fork rod 16, a shifting ring 13a is arranged on one side of a synchronizer 13, a shifting groove is arranged on the periphery of the shifting ring 13a, a shifting end of a shifting fork 15 is of a semi-arc structure, the shifting end of the semi-arc structure is movably arranged in the shifting groove on the periphery of the shifting ring 13a, a lantern ring 44 is arranged on the periphery of the shifting fork rod 16 in a sliding manner, a ball 41 is arranged on the inner periphery of the lantern ring 44, a radial spring 43 is arranged on the radial outer periphery of the ball 41, a plurality of spherical pits 42 are arranged on the shifting fork rod 16, the positions of the plurality of spherical pits 42 are shifting positions, the ball 41 is located in one of the plurality of spherical pits 42 after shifting, the positions are relatively fixed, and can also be driven by the hydraulic shifting driving device 20 to slide out.
In the present embodiment, three spherical pits 42 are provided in the fork lever 16, and the three spherical pits 42 are respectively located at the high gear position, the low gear position and the neutral gear position.
Fig. 8 is an exploded view of a hydraulic shift drive valve body. The hydraulic gear shifting driving device 20 comprises an oil pump 31, the oil pump 31 is communicated with a lower valve body oil passage of a hydraulic valve body 17, 31 is an oil pan of an oil pump 51, the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic valve body 17 through a filter element 52 and an oil outlet 54 of the oil pump, a surplus oil and surplus gas discharge port 6 is arranged between an auxiliary valve core and the valve body, a main valve core 20a and an auxiliary valve core 20b are arranged on the hydraulic valve body 17, a main valve core spring 62 and an auxiliary valve core spring 63 are respectively arranged on the main valve core 20a and the auxiliary valve core 20b and are used as hydraulic auxiliary thrust and full thrust, an electric vehicle can be in a low gear shifting state and a high gear shifting state, the pressure in the oil passage rises along with the pressure in the lifting of the vehicle speed, when the oil pressure reaches the normal thrust value of the valve core gear shifting, the hydraulic pressure in the main oil passage pushes away or pushes away an oil release valve to enable the pressure exceeding the set hydraulic pressure to reach the set oil pressure value through an oil release mode, meanwhile, the load of the oil pump is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the discharged hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the heat dissipation part and the lubricating part through the oil duct, wherein the oil outlet 50b of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the nine 9 oil duct, and the oil filling port 50a of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the oil inlet 7a of the auxiliary valve core cavity.
Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the self-locking type gear shifting solenoid valve under negative pulse, and fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the self-locking type gear shifting solenoid valve under positive pulse. The gear shifting electromagnetic valve utilizes a self-locking gear shifting electromagnetic valve, and the working principle is as follows:
when negative phase pulse current flows, the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 48 is opposite to that of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46, the magnetic fields are mutually offset, 45 is an electromagnetic iron core, the armature and the valve core 49 close the oil channel under the action of spring force, when the negative phase pulse current disappears, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 48 disappears, but the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46 is too small and far away from the armature, and the spring 47 elasticity is not enough overcome to enable the armature and the valve core 49 to move, so that the electromagnetic valve oil filling port 50a and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet 50b still keep a closed state when the power is off, similarly, the electromagnetic valve oil outlet 50b is connected with the oil channel nine 9, and the electromagnetic valve oil filling port 50a is connected with the auxiliary valve core chamber oil inlet 7 a.
When the normal phase pulse current is generated, the direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 48 is the same as that of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46, 45 is an electromagnetic iron core, the magnetic field is strengthened, the magnetic field overcomes the elastic force of the spring 47 to enable the armature and the valve core 49 to move inwards to open the electromagnetic valve oil filling port 50a and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet 50b of the oil channel, when the normal phase pulse current is eliminated, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil 48 disappears but the distance between the permanent magnet 46 and the armature is short, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 46 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 47 to enable the armature and the valve core 49 to be kept in a fixed state, and therefore the electromagnetic valve oil filling port 50a and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet 50b are still kept in an open state when the power is cut off.
Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the electromagnetic hydraulic valve body in a high gear, fig. 12 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the electromagnetic hydraulic valve body in a low gear, fig. 13 is a schematic sectional view of an oil passage of the hydraulic shift driving device in the high gear, and fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of the oil passage of the hydraulic shift driving device in the low gear. The gear shifting electromagnetic valve does not need to be electrified for a long time in the working state, so that the service life of the electromagnetic valve is prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced.
A main valve core 20a and an auxiliary valve core 20b are arranged in the hydraulic valve body, the outer end of the main valve core 20a is connected with one side of a sleeve ring 44 of a shifting fork 15, the moving directions of the main valve core 20a and the auxiliary valve core 20b are parallel to a shifting fork rod 16, one end of the main valve core 20a and one end of the auxiliary valve core 20b are respectively provided with a main valve core spring 62 and an auxiliary valve core spring 63, one side of the main valve core spring 62 is provided with a chamber II 65, the opposite end is provided with a chamber I64, the opposite end of the auxiliary valve core spring 63 is provided with an auxiliary valve core chamber 8, different positions of the periphery of the auxiliary valve core 20b are provided with grooves, the inner periphery of the hydraulic valve body where the auxiliary valve core 20b is arranged is provided with a plurality of oil holes, different oil holes are respectively communicated with the same oil channels or different oil channels, the auxiliary valve core 20b is arranged at different positions moving along the axial direction in the hydraulic valve body, the grooves are respectively communicated with different oil channels, the auxiliary oil channels are provided with the auxiliary oil holes, the main oil channels, and the throttling holes are arranged on the auxiliary oil channels, the flow of the auxiliary oil duct is smaller than that of the main oil duct, a flow limiting valve 58 is arranged on the auxiliary oil duct, the auxiliary oil duct leads to an auxiliary valve core chamber 8 through the flow limiting valve 58, the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 is communicated with the auxiliary oil duct, an oil drainage channel of the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 is communicated with an oil drainage hole of the shifting solenoid valve 18, a high-pressure oil duct leading to a main valve core chamber I64, a pressure relief oil duct leading to a main valve core chamber II 65, a high-pressure oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber II 65 and a pressure relief oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber I64 are formed by opening or closing the shifting solenoid valve 18 respectively, a pressure relief valve 57 is further arranged on the main oil duct, the rear end of the pressure relief valve 57 leads to inlets of a plurality of heat dissipation parts and lubricating parts respectively, and oil of the plurality of heat dissipation parts and the lubricating parts returns to the hydraulic shifting driving device 20 through outlets thereof.
In this embodiment, the main valve core spring 62 and the auxiliary valve core spring 63 are arranged in opposite directions, the auxiliary valve core spring is located on the opposite side of the hydraulic pressure of the auxiliary valve core chamber, under the action of oil pressure and spring force, the auxiliary valve core 20b pushes the auxiliary valve core 20b to the opposite side of the auxiliary valve core spring 62 through the auxiliary valve core spring 62 and the oil pressure of the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 pushes the auxiliary valve core 20b to one side of the auxiliary valve core spring 62, so as to change or switch the pressure pushing direction of the first main valve core chamber 64 and the second main valve core chamber 65, wherein 55 is the main oil passage inlet of the shifting hydraulic valve body, the outer end of the main valve core 20a is connected with one side of the collar 44 of the shifting fork 15, the main valve core 20a and the auxiliary valve core 20b move in parallel with the shifting fork 16, grooves are arranged on different positions of the outer periphery of the auxiliary valve core 20b, the auxiliary valve core 20b is respectively communicated or blocked with the inner hole on the inner periphery of the hydraulic valve body 17 on different positions, and a pressurizing oil passage and a pressure relief oil passage are formed in the communicated, when the pressure is increased or reduced, the valve core moves reversely along the axial direction of the valve core, the blocked inner hole of the hydraulic valve body 17 at the periphery of the valve core is an oil channel in the opposite direction of the pressure increase or reduction, the auxiliary oil channel is communicated with the gear-shifting pressure cavity of the auxiliary valve core 20b, a residual oil and residual gas drain opening 6 is arranged between the oil pressure valve body of the auxiliary valve core and the auxiliary valve core 20b, the residual oil and residual gas drain opening 6, the oil hole three 3 and the oil hole four 4 are communicated with the outside of the hydraulic valve body 17, and the residual oil and residual gas drain opening 59 is connected with the gear-shifting electromagnetic valve 18.
In the switching of the oil passage of the auxiliary valve core, the pressure in the oil passage is increased or reduced by respectively plugging the oil passage 3 and opening the oil passage 4 or opening the oil passage 3 and plugging the oil passage 4, in addition, a pressure release valve 57 is arranged in the main oil passage, the rear end of the pressure release valve 57 is respectively led to the inlets of a plurality of heat dissipation parts and a lubricating part, the oil of the plurality of heat dissipation parts and the lubricating part returns to the hydraulic gear shifting driving device through the outlets thereof, the main oil passage of the valve body 17 is also provided with the auxiliary oil passage, the orifice is arranged at the opening of the auxiliary oil passage, a flow limiting valve 58 is arranged behind the orifice, the auxiliary oil passage behind the flow limiting valve 58 is led to the gear shifting chamber of the auxiliary valve core, the oil draining opening 7b of the auxiliary valve core chamber is also arranged in the auxiliary valve core chamber and is connected to the gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18, and the oil in the auxiliary valve core gear shifting chamber is discharged through the gear shifting electromagnetic valve during low gear shifting.
The driving motors are one or two, a plurality of gears from the gear shifting output teeth 21 on the driven shaft 24 to the input teeth of the differential are high in speed ratio and comprise a plurality of teeth on the transition shaft 25, the purpose is to reduce the torque difference between the gears on the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 24 and ensure that the torque is not too high during gear shifting, and the gear shifting speed sensor 19 arranged at the end output end of the driven shaft 24 of the gear shifting device is positioned at the shaft end of the driven shaft 24.
The heat dissipation part comprises a motor heat dissipation part and a controller heat dissipation part, and the lubricating part comprises a plurality of gears, a driven shaft 24, a transition shaft 25 and a sliding part of the transition shaft 25.
The vehicle is provided with a gear shifting rotating speed sensor 19, a motor rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor which are used for feeding back the rotating speed and the torque of the vehicle in the running process, and when the speed is low and the torque is high, the transmission is automatically changed into a low gear; the speed changer automatically changes into a high gear when the speed is high and the torque is small; during gear shifting, the controller controls the motor to stop torque output instantly but have rotating speed output according to the rotating speed and torque of the motor and a speed signal provided by a rotating speed sensor of the driven shaft, the motor is shifted to enter a neutral gear, the rotating speed of the motor is changed when the motor enters the neutral gear, the driven shaft 24 and gears switched by the driven low gear 12b and the driven high gear 12a are synchronized with the speed difference of the driven shaft 24, meanwhile, the controller controls the gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18 to be correspondingly opened or closed, a hydraulic oil duct is switched in the hydraulic gear shifting driving device 20, the main valve core 20a is driven to axially move, and the shifting fork 15 and the synchronizer 13 are pushed to shift gears while the gears are moved between different positions.
The hydraulic pressure in the main oil gallery of the hydraulic gear-shifting driving device 20 changes the oil gallery in the valve body through the auxiliary valve core 20b to transmit the hydraulic pressure to the main valve core 20a for gear shifting, and particularly, the hydraulic pressure is in a low gear when the vehicle backs up, stops or starts; before the oil pressure and the oil quantity of the auxiliary oil duct meet the condition of upshifting, the flow limiting valve of the auxiliary oil duct is opened to flow oil to the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 along with the speed increase, the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 discharges the oil through the gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18 of the auxiliary valve core chamber oil drainage port 7b, and when the vehicle speed is continuously increased and the required torque is also reduced, the condition of upshifting is met; the controller sends a signal to the shift solenoid valve 18, the shift solenoid valve 18 seals the oil drain port 7b of the secondary valve core chamber of the hydraulic valve body, the secondary valve core chamber 8 forms oil pressure to push the secondary valve core 20b to one end of a secondary valve core spring 63, meanwhile, the secondary valve spring 63 is compressed to change an oil passage, oil is drained from a main valve core chamber two 65, oil enters a main valve core chamber one 64 to push a main valve core 20a to one end of a main valve core spring 62, meanwhile, the main valve spring is compressed, and the main valve core chamber two 65 is compressed to zero to shift up.
Meeting the gear shifting condition when the vehicle speed is reduced or when a larger torque is needed during climbing a slope; the controller sends a signal to the shift solenoid valve to enable the shift solenoid valve 18 to discharge oil from an auxiliary valve core chamber oil drain port 7b of the hydraulic valve body, oil pressure in an auxiliary valve core chamber 8 is discharged by an oil outlet 50b of the shift solenoid valve, an auxiliary valve core 20b is pushed to the opposite direction of an auxiliary valve core spring 63 by the auxiliary valve core spring 63 and is compressed to the limit position of the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 to change an oil channel, oil drainage of a main valve core chamber I64 and oil inlet of a main valve core chamber II 65 push a main valve core 20a to the opposite direction end of a main valve core spring 62, the main valve core spring 62 simultaneously pushes a main valve core 20a, and the main valve core chamber I64 is compressed to zero to change the oil channel to shift up. The vehicle shifts back and forth in the traveling process.
The oil pressure ratio of the oil pump 54 is small, the main valve core 20a and the auxiliary valve core 20b move to the opposite ends of the springs by the elasticity of the main valve core spring 62 and the auxiliary valve core spring 63 to be positioned at a low gear, the gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18 is in an oil drainage state, the flow speed of hydraulic oil is low, the vehicle torque is large, the speed is small, and the vehicle runs in a low gear state; when the road is uneven, the speed is slow and the torque is large, the speed and torque sensor feeds back signals to the controller, the controller controls the gear shifting electromagnetic valve 18 to open the electromagnetic valve oil outlet 50a, the oil pressure rises along with the rise of the oil pressure, when the oil pressure rises to a required pressure value, the oil pressure pushes away or jacks the pressure release valve 57 to unload the oil exceeding the pressure, the load of the oil pump 31 is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the unloaded hydraulic oil is transmitted to the driving motor, the controller heat dissipation part and the gear shaft gear lubrication part through the oil duct, when the pressure and the flow of the auxiliary oil duct behind the orifice on the main hydraulic oil duct are increased along with the rise of the speed, the flow limiting valve hydraulic oil is pushed away to enter the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 immediately, the hydraulic gear shifting valve body enters a gear shifting range, the speed and the torque sensor feeds back signals to the controller according to the rise of the speed and the reduction of the required torque, the controller will control the shift solenoid valve 18 to close the solenoid valve oil outlet 50a, the oil pressure in the secondary spool chamber 8 will push the secondary spool 20b to compress the secondary spool spring 63 to the spring side, and communicate the secondary spool with the peripheral valve body oil passage, the hydraulic oil flows to the first chamber 64 to drive and compress the main spool spring 62 to move to the second chamber 65 side, at the same time, the push synchronizer 13 of the main spool 20a will move axially along the driven shaft 24 to shift gears, and become high gear.
In a low gear, referring to fig. 12, the shift solenoid valve is in an open drain state, the secondary spool chamber 8 is in a drain state, the secondary spool 20b is pushed by the elastic force of the secondary spool spring 63, so that the second chamber 65 of the main spool 20a is in a fuel inlet state, the first chamber 64 of the main spool 20a is in a drain state, the main spool 20a is pushed by the elastic force of the main spool spring 62 and the main hydraulic pressure in the second chamber 65 of the main spool 20a at the same time, and the first chamber 64 is reduced to zero.
In high gear, referring to fig. 11, the shift solenoid valve is in a closed state, the chamber 8 of the auxiliary spool is in a hydraulic oil pressurization state, the spring 63 of the auxiliary spool is compressed, the first chamber 64 is in an oil inlet state by the main spool 20a, the second chamber 65 is in an oil drainage state, the space of the first chamber 64 is gradually enlarged, the space of the second chamber 65 is gradually reduced, the main hydraulic pressure simultaneously pushes the main spool 20a to move, and the hydraulic pressure in the first chamber 64 presses the second chamber 65 and the elastic force of the spring 62 of the main spool.
The purpose of arranging a throttling hole and a flow limiting valve 58 at the auxiliary oil channel opening is to prevent hydraulic pressure from flowing out of the auxiliary oil channel when the vehicle is at low speed, and to allow more hydraulic oil to flow out of a pressure release valve 57 on the main oil channel, so as to maximize the oil quantity of the heat dissipation part and the lubrication part, and simultaneously ensure that the hydraulic oil enters the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 in advance when the vehicle is switched to a high gear, and enough pressure is provided to push the auxiliary valve core 20b and compress the elastic force of an auxiliary valve core spring 63, so that the oil channel of the auxiliary valve core 20b is changed to push the auxiliary valve core, oil drainage is performed in a low gear state in the auxiliary valve core oil chamber, the oil drainage is performed when the oil pressure is formed in the auxiliary valve core oil chamber, the electromagnetic valve is switched to a high gear when the high gear is changed, the electromagnetic valve is switched to be 18 closed when the high gear is changed, and otherwise, the electromagnetic valve is switched to drain when the low gear is changed to be performed.
The following is the matching condition between the oil hole in the hydraulic valve body 17 and the spool when the high gear is high or low in the present embodiment:
referring to fig. 11, in the high-gear state, the first right oil passage 1a and the second oil passage 2 in the first chamber 64 are communicated with each other and are in an oil inlet state of the first main valve core chamber 64, the fourth oil passage 4 and the fifth oil passage 5 are communicated with each other and are in an oil drainage state of the second main valve core chamber 65, the third oil passage 3 and the first left oil passage 1b are in a blocking state, hydraulic pressure in the first main valve core chamber 64 is increased, the second main valve core chamber 65 is squeezed to shrink, the main valve core 20a retracts into the hydraulic valve body 17, the main valve core spring 62 is squeezed, the auxiliary valve core chamber oil inlet hole 7a is communicated with the auxiliary valve core chamber oil drainage port 7b through the auxiliary valve core chamber 8, the auxiliary valve core chamber oil drainage port 7b is communicated with the shift solenoid valve, the shift solenoid valve is in an oil sealing state at this time, the auxiliary valve core chamber 8 pushes the auxiliary valve core 20b to move to one side of the auxiliary valve core spring 63 through oil pressure, and is compressed to the auxiliary valve core spring 63, and accordingly enters the high-gear state. The residual oil and residual gas drain port 6 is a drain position for the residual oil and residual gas in the auxiliary valve body 20 b. When oil is drained from the oil duct three 3, the oil duct four 4, the oil duct six 6 and the oil duct nine 9, oil is drained out of the valve body above the valve body, and therefore the oil drain hole can be guaranteed not to be filled with air.
Referring to fig. 12, in the low gear state, the first left oil duct 1b and the fifth oil duct 5 in the second main valve core chamber 65 are communicated and are in an oil inlet state, the second main valve core chamber 65 is in an oil inlet state, the second oil duct 2 and the third oil duct 3 are communicated and are in an oil drainage state of the first main valve core chamber 64, the first right oil duct 1a and the fourth oil duct 4 are in a blocking state, hydraulic pressure in the second chamber 65 is increased, the first main valve core chamber 64 is squeezed to shrink, the main valve core 20a is pushed by a spring and hydraulic pressure, the auxiliary valve core chamber oil inlet hole 7a is communicated with the auxiliary valve core chamber oil drainage port 7b of the auxiliary valve core shifting through the auxiliary valve core chamber 8, the auxiliary valve core chamber oil drainage port 7b is communicated with the shifting electromagnetic valve, at this time, the shifting electromagnetic valve is in an oil discharge state, oil pressure in the valve core shifting chamber is discharged, and the auxiliary valve core spring 63 pushes the valve core 20b to the direction opposite to the auxiliary valve core spring 63, so as to enter the low gear.
The invention fixes a driving high gear 11a and a driving low gear 11b on a driving shaft, arranges a driven high gear 12a and a driven low gear 12b on a driven shaft 24, and respectively causes the high and low gears on the two shafts to be meshed, at the moment, because the driven high gear 12a and the driven low gear 12b are arranged on the driven shaft 24 in a circumferential sliding way and can not transmit power, because a synchronizer 13 is arranged between the driven high gear 12a and the driven low gear 12b, and a dial ring 13a and a chamfer-shaped gear shifting tooth are arranged on the periphery of the synchronizer in a sliding way, the chamfer-shaped gear shifting tooth can be slid to a synchronous ring 12c on one side of the driven high gear 12a or the driven low gear 12b on the synchronizer 13 under the poking of a poking fork 15, and the synchronous ring 12c on the opposite side is utilized to achieve synchronization, so that the synchronizer 13 is meshed with the driven high gear 12a or the driven low gear 12b on the driven shaft 24, the power is transmitted to one side of a driven high-gear tooth 12a or a driven low-gear tooth 12b on a driven shaft 24, the power is transmitted to the driven shaft 24 through a synchronizer 13, then the power is sequentially transmitted to a gear shifting output tooth 21, a transition input tooth 22, a transition shaft 25, a transition output tooth and a differential input tooth 23 through a buffer 14 arranged on the driven shaft 24, and the power is output to wheels connected with the end parts of half shafts through two half shafts in a differential 26; the buffer 14 is arranged at the outer sides of the driven high-gear 12a and the driven low-gear 12b on the driven shaft 24, so that a plurality of buffer springs 35 can be compressed in the gear shifting process, the buffer effect is achieved, the impact in the gear shifting process is reduced, the stable gear shifting is achieved, in addition, because speed sensors are arranged on the motor and the gear shifting device, the rotating speed of the motor and the rotating speed of the gear shifting device after gear shifting can be detected, in the gear shifting process, the gear shifting controller can control the rotating speed of the motor to enable the speed difference of the rotating speed of the driven shaft and the high-gear and low-gear of the driven shaft to be consistent, the gear shifting controller controls an electromagnetic hydraulic valve of the hydraulic gear shifting driving device, the main valve core 20a and the auxiliary valve core 20b are arranged in a hydraulic valve body 17 of the hydraulic gear shifting driving device to move axially, particularly, the auxiliary valve core 20b is used for changing an oil duct to achieve pressurization or pressure relief, and therefore the main valve core 20a can move at different positions in the axial direction, thereby pushing the shift fork 15 to move in a plurality of gears; the structure overturns the traditional lubricating method, can also ensure that all the hydraulic oil is transmitted to the heat dissipation part of the motor and the heat dissipation part of the controller at low speed, plays a role in heat dissipation and changes the traditional heat dissipation and lubricating modes, the ball 41 is arranged between the shifting fork rod and the shifting fork 15 sleeve ring 44, so that the position of the shifting fork 15 on different gears can be relatively stabilized, and the shifting fork 15 can be moved under the thrust action of the shifting hydraulic valve body; through setting up the shift controller, can make the initiative high gear tooth 11a and driven high gear tooth 12a, 11b that mesh each other respectively on driving shaft 10 and driven shaft 24 well coordinate between the meshing with driven low gear tooth 12b at the hydraulic pressure drive arrangement that shifts, realize before shifting that the rotational speed between initiative high gear tooth 11a and driven high gear tooth 12a or initiative low gear tooth 11b and driven low gear tooth 12b is synchronous, then implement to shift gears under the synchronization situation, utilize synchronizer 13 to shift gears smoothly, the noise reduction, the shake of vehicle when reducing the gear shift. By utilizing the invention, the shaking of the automobile body during the gear shifting of the electric automobile can be avoided, the structure of the hydraulic gear shifting device 20 is simplified, the production cost of a hydraulic system is reduced, the overall sale cost is reduced, and the competitiveness of the electric automobile is improved.

Claims (10)

1. Electric automobile automatic gear shifting system, including driving motor and motor speed sensor, be used for the synchronizer of shifting, its characterized in that: the gear shifting system comprises a driving motor output shaft, a driven shaft of a gear shifting device is connected to the driving motor output shaft, the gear shifting device comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a plurality of gears are arranged on each shaft, a synchronizer and a buffer of a driven shaft output end are respectively arranged in the middle and outside of the gears on the driven shaft, the input end of the buffer is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, a gear shifting output tooth is arranged at the output end of the buffer, a plurality of buffer springs are arranged between the input end of the buffer and the gear shifting output tooth, the output end of the gear shifting device is directly or indirectly connected to a differential, speed sensors are respectively arranged on the output end of the gear shifting device and a motor, a torque sensor is also arranged on the motor, the speed sensors and the torque sensor are both electrically connected with a gear shifting controller, and the signal output end of the gear shifting controller is connected with a gear shifting solenoid valve of a hydraulic gear shifting driving device, the shifting fork of the gear shifting device is connected with the end part of a main valve core of the hydraulic gear shifting driving device, the hydraulic gear shifting driving device comprises an oil pump and an electromagnetic hydraulic valve, a driving gear is connected with the oil pump shaft, the electromagnetic hydraulic valve comprises a gear shifting electromagnetic valve, a main valve core, an auxiliary valve core, a hydraulic valve body, a spring, a pressure relief valve core and a throttle valve core, a plurality of valve cores are arranged in the hydraulic valve body, the end part of the main valve core is connected with a synchronizer through the shifting fork, when the oil pump works, the auxiliary valve core forms different oil ducts at different positions in the hydraulic valve body respectively, the different oil ducts are communicated with a cavity on the opposite side of the main oil duct and the auxiliary valve core spring, the pressure relief oil duct in the main oil duct is communicated with a radiator of the motor controller and a plurality of lubricating parts of a gear shifting system through a pressure relief valve, and oil which is cooled and lubricated returns to the hydraulic gear shifting driving device.
2. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission device is characterized in that a driving shaft is fixedly provided with a driving high-gear tooth and a driving low-gear tooth, a driven shaft is provided with a driven high-gear tooth and a driven low-gear tooth, the driving high-gear tooth and the driving low-gear tooth are respectively engaged with the driven high-gear tooth and the driven low-gear tooth, a synchronizer is arranged between the driven high-gear tooth and the driven low-gear tooth, opposite surfaces of the driven high-gear tooth and the driven low-gear tooth and the synchronizer are respectively provided with an axial chamfer-shaped shifting tooth, the outer periphery of the synchronizer is provided with a shifting ring in a sliding manner, the axial chamfer-shaped shifting tooth on one side of the synchronizer is fixedly arranged on the inner periphery of the shifting ring through a sliding block, the shifting ring and the axial chamfer-shaped shifting tooth on the inner periphery of the synchronizer are arranged on the outer periphery of the synchronizer in a sliding manner, a shifting output tooth of the shifting device is engaged with a transition input tooth on a transition shaft, the transition input tooth and the transition output tooth are double-linked teeth with different diameters, a speed sensor of the shifting device is arranged at the shaft end, the output teeth of the gear shifting device are meshed with the transition input teeth of the double coupling teeth, and the transition output teeth of the double coupling teeth are meshed with the input teeth of the differential or the input teeth of the connecting shaft of the transmission shaft.
3. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with in the synchronous ware and dial the ring, it is provided with and dials the groove to dial the ring periphery, the shift fork is dialled the end and is the semicircle structure, the end activity of dialling of semicircle structure sets up in the groove of dialling the ring periphery, the other one end of shift fork is the lantern ring, the lantern ring slides and sets up in the declutch shift lever periphery, the lantern ring internal periphery is provided with the ball, the ball is provided with radial spring to the periphery side of radially inclining, be provided with a plurality of globular pits on the declutch shift lever, a plurality of globular pits are the position of shifting respectively in position, the back ball of shifting is located among one of them of a plurality of globular pits, the position is relatively fixed.
4. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic valve is internally provided with a main valve core and an auxiliary valve core, the outer end of the main valve core is connected with one side of a sleeve ring of a shifting fork, the moving directions of the main valve core and the auxiliary valve core are parallel to a shifting fork rod, one end of the main valve core and one end of the auxiliary valve core are respectively provided with a main valve core spring and an auxiliary valve core spring, one side of the main valve core spring is provided with a chamber II, the opposite end is provided with a chamber I, the opposite end of the auxiliary valve core spring is provided with an auxiliary valve core chamber, different positions of the periphery of the auxiliary valve core are provided with grooves, the inner periphery of the hydraulic valve body where the auxiliary valve core is positioned is provided with a plurality of oil holes, different oil holes are respectively communicated with different oil ducts or the same oil duct, the grooves of the auxiliary valve core at different positions moving along the axial direction in the hydraulic valve body are respectively communicated with different oil holes, and respectively form a high-pressure oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber I, a pressure-releasing oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber II or a high-releasing oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber II and a pressure-releasing oil duct leading to the main valve core chamber I, the main oil duct is provided with an auxiliary oil duct, the auxiliary oil duct is provided with a throttling hole, the flow of the auxiliary oil duct is smaller than that of the main oil duct, the auxiliary oil duct is provided with a flow limiting valve, the auxiliary oil duct leads to an auxiliary valve core cavity through the flow limiting valve, the auxiliary valve core cavity is communicated with the auxiliary oil duct, a drain hole of the gear shifting electromagnetic valve is communicated with a drain oil passage of the auxiliary valve core cavity, the main oil duct is further provided with a pressure release valve, the rear end of the pressure release valve is respectively led to inlets of the plurality of heat dissipation parts and the lubricating parts, and oil of the plurality of heat dissipation parts and the lubricating parts returns to the hydraulic gear shifting driving device through the outlets of the plurality of heat dissipation parts and the lubricating parts.
5. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: one or two driving motors are arranged, the gears from the driven shaft gear shifting output device to the input teeth of the differential mechanism are in high speed ratio, and a speed sensor arranged at the output end of the gear shifting device is positioned at the shaft end of the driven shaft.
6. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer comprises three or more annular sheets which are parallel to each other, wherein one or two annular sheets are a main sheet and other annular sheets or two annular sheets are auxiliary sheets, the auxiliary sheets are arranged on the main sheet in a circumferential sliding mode, a plurality of spring holes are formed in the middle positions of the main sheet and the auxiliary sheets along the circumferential direction, buffer springs are arranged in the spring holes respectively, a sleeve which is used as an input end is fixed in the middle of the main sheet, the sleeve is fixed at the end part of the driven shaft, gear-shifting output teeth are fixed on the auxiliary sheets, the driven shaft drives the main sheet to rotate, the main sheet compresses one ends of the buffer springs, pressure is transmitted to the other ends of the buffer springs, then the other ends of the buffer springs transmit the pressure to the auxiliary sheets, and the auxiliary sheets transmit torque to the gear-shifting output teeth.
7. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the shifting electromagnetic valve comprises a shell, an oil filling port and an oil outlet are formed in one end of the shell, an armature and a valve core are arranged on one side, close to the oil filling port and the oil outlet, in the shell, oil port sealing plugs extending to the oil filling port and the oil outlet are arranged, electromagnetic iron cores are arranged at the opposite ends of the armature and the valve core in the shell, springs are arranged between the armature and the valve core and between the armature and the electromagnetic iron cores, electromagnetic coils are arranged on the periphery of the armature in the shell, permanent magnets are arranged on the periphery of the electromagnetic iron cores, pulse electrodes are arranged at the opposite ends of the oil filling port and the oil outlet, when negative pulses are added to the pulse electrodes, the oil port sealing plugs the oil filling port and the oil outlet, and when positive pulses are added, the oil port sealing plugs the oil filling port and the oil outlet.
8. The automatic shifting system of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the heat dissipation part comprises a motor heat dissipation part and a controller heat dissipation part, and the lubricating part comprises a plurality of gears, a driven shaft, a transition shaft and a sliding part of the transition shaft.
9. A shift control method of an automatic shift system for an electric vehicle using the automatic shift system for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the speed and torque sensors in the gear shifting device and the driving motor are used for respectively detecting the speed and the torque of the vehicle and feeding the speed and the torque back to the controller, and when the vehicle is under a heavy load or climbs a slope, the speed is reduced and the torque is increased; when the gear is shifted, the controller controls the driving motor to instantly reduce or stop torque output but the motor has rotating speed output to perform gear shifting and simultaneously enter neutral gear, the controller detects the rotating speed of the driven shaft and the rotating speed of the driving motor to perform motor speed difference synchronization when the controller enters the neutral gear, so that the rotating speed of the driven shaft is consistent when the gear shifting device shifts the gear and the rotating speed of the driving motor enters the gear, meanwhile, the controller controls a gear shifting electromagnetic valve of the hydraulic driving device to perform corresponding opening or closing, thereby changing an oil passage, changing the position of a valve core under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, driving a shifting fork and a synchronizer to switch the gear while moving between different positions, and when the gear is switched, the driven shaft and the driven gear rotate synchronously.
10. An automatic gear shifting system of an electric vehicle and a gear shifting hydraulic control method thereof, which use the hydraulic gear shifting driving device of claim 1 and the hydraulic valve body of claim 4, characterized in that: when the vehicle is switched to a low gear, the controller controls an oil discharge port of the gear shifting solenoid valve to be opened, when pressure oil in an auxiliary valve core chamber is discharged, an auxiliary valve core spring pushes an auxiliary valve core to the opposite side of the auxiliary valve core spring, a new hydraulic oil passage is formed between a groove on the periphery of the auxiliary valve core and an oil hole on the periphery of the auxiliary valve core, so that the hydraulic oil passage is changed, the hydraulic oil enters one side of two springs in a main valve core chamber, one oil in the main valve core chamber is discharged, the main valve core moves to the opposite side of the main valve core spring in a hydraulic valve body under the action of the hydraulic pressure and the spring force of the main valve core spring, when the vehicle is switched to a high gear, the controller controls the oil discharge port of the gear shifting solenoid valve to be closed, a throttle valve in an auxiliary oil passage arranged behind a throttling hole in the hydraulic oil passage is opened in advance, hydraulic oil in the auxiliary oil passage enters the auxiliary valve core chamber, the auxiliary valve core spring is compressed, the position of the auxiliary valve core is changed, and after the position is changed, the groove on the periphery of the auxiliary valve core is matched with the oil hole on the inner periphery of the valve body, the auxiliary valve core changes an oil channel of hydraulic oil, so that the oil channel flowing to the main valve core is changed, the hydraulic oil enters a first cavity of the main valve core oil, oil is drained from a second cavity of the main valve core, the hydraulic oil compresses a spring of the main valve core, the space of the second cavity on one side of the spring of the main valve core is compressed to the minimum, the main valve core is pushed to move under the action of high pressure and pressure relief, the main valve core drives a synchronizer to shift gears through a shifting fork, when the pressure in the main oil channel exceeds a set pressure value, the pressure is relieved through a pressure relief valve arranged in the oil channel, the hydraulic pressure reaches the set value, the discharged hydraulic oil is sent to an electric element radiating part and a mechanical lubricating part, and then the discharged hydraulic oil returns to a hydraulic gear shifting driving device by using an oil pump.
CN202210217668.6A 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Automatic gear shifting system of electric automobile and hydraulic control method and gear shifting control method thereof Pending CN114483943A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115574078A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-01-06 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 Oil path control device, oil path system and vehicle
CN117823580A (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-04-05 山东福尔沃农业装备股份有限公司 Five-order automatic power gear shifting system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115574078A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-01-06 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 Oil path control device, oil path system and vehicle
CN117823580A (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-04-05 山东福尔沃农业装备股份有限公司 Five-order automatic power gear shifting system
CN117823580B (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-05-24 山东福尔沃农业装备股份有限公司 Five-order automatic power gear shifting system

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