CN114483840B - Pad wear grading alarm sensor and brake clearance adjustment method of brake - Google Patents
Pad wear grading alarm sensor and brake clearance adjustment method of brake Download PDFInfo
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- CN114483840B CN114483840B CN202210154129.2A CN202210154129A CN114483840B CN 114483840 B CN114483840 B CN 114483840B CN 202210154129 A CN202210154129 A CN 202210154129A CN 114483840 B CN114483840 B CN 114483840B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/022—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
- F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
- F16D65/42—Slack adjusters mechanical non-automatic
- F16D65/46—Slack adjusters mechanical non-automatic with screw-thread and nut
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/026—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating different degrees of lining wear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a lining wear grading alarm sensor and a brake clearance adjusting method of a brake. The lining wear graded alarm sensor comprises a plurality of U-shaped conductive electrodes and alarms, wherein the U-shaped conductive electrodes are buried in the friction lining in a mode that the bottom connecting sections face the braking surface of the lining, the alarms are electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrodes, and corresponding alarm signals are sent out when the bottom connecting sections of each U-shaped conductive electrode are ground. The lining wear grading alarm sensor provides an intuitive and simple detection path for the wear of the friction lining of the brake, provides a reliable and accurate basis for the adjustment of the braking clearance of the brake and the judgment of the end of the service life, ensures that the adjustment of the braking clearance becomes timely, visual in display, simple and convenient in operation and scientific and standard, effectively solves the difficult problems of the maintenance of the braking clearance when and how to adjust the braking clearance, and improves the use safety of the elevator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for detecting and adjusting a braking gap of a brake, in particular to a lining wear grading alarm sensor and a braking gap adjusting method of the brake.
Background
With the advent of high-rise buildings, the number of elevators has increased greatly, and accordingly, the number of elevator traction machine brakes used has increased, and the probability of safety accidents caused by the fact that the elevator brakes are not maintained in place has also increased.
An important task in elevator brake maintenance is to constantly wear the friction pad of the brake during braking, and to adjust the gap between the friction pad and the brake or brake disc (referred to herein as "brake gap") in time, specifically, to adjust the brake gap by adjusting the gap between the armature and the yoke in the brake electromagnet. And when the friction pad is worn to the maximum limit, the service life of the friction pad is expired, and the friction pad must be replaced in time at the moment so as to prevent the brake from being invalid and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the elevator. This is because the service life of the brake friction pad cannot meet the full life cycle of the traction machine, and therefore, as the wear amount of the friction pad gradually increases, the gap between the armature and the yoke of the brake electromagnet increases to a certain extent, so that the suction force of the brake electromagnet decreases, and finally, the electromagnet failure occurs.
Therefore, an important aspect of the maintenance work of the elevator is to detect the braking gap of the brake, namely, detect the abrasion condition of the friction pad, so as to make corresponding braking gap adjustment or replacement of the friction pad in time according to the abrasion condition. However, in the current situation, on the basis of the prior art means, the elevator maintenance personnel cannot detect the abrasion condition of the friction pad, so that the basis for adjusting the braking gap is not available.
At present, only a minimum allowable thickness alarm sensor for a gasket is on the market, and the problems are that: as the abrasion loss of the gasket is increased, the braking force of the brake is gradually reduced, and when the abrasion loss is far less than the minimum allowable thickness of the friction gasket, the braking force of the brake is invalid, and the gap between the gasket and the brake wheel or the brake disc needs to be timely adjusted along with the abrasion of the friction gasket so as to ensure that the braking force meets the set requirement.
To this end, there are three problems with the current adjustment of the brake clearance of the brake: firstly, it is not known when adjustments should be made; and secondly, how to adjust is not known, and thirdly, the adjustment amount is not known to be proper. Therefore, in the actual use process, the braking force of the brake is insufficient due to the fact that the adjustment of the braking clearance of the brake is not timely or the adjustment method is improper, and accordingly safety accidents such as sliding, roof-rushing or pier bottom and the like of the elevator are caused frequently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lining wear grading alarm sensor so as to solve the problem that the wear condition of a friction lining of a brake cannot be intuitively, simply and accurately detected.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the brake clearance of a brake, which solves the problem that the maintenance personnel cannot adjust the brake clearance of the brake when, how and how the adjustment amount is unknown.
One of the objects of the present invention is achieved by:
a pad wear classification alarm sensor comprising:
the U-shaped conductive electrodes are arranged in parallel or in a telescopic manner, are buried in the friction pad in a manner that the bottom connecting sections face the pad braking surface, and form an equi-differential array from the burying depth of the bottom connecting sections of the U-shaped conductive electrodes to the pad braking surface; and
The alarm is electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrodes and sends out corresponding alarm signals when the bottom connecting section of each U-shaped conductive electrode is ground.
Further, the warning device is one of an acoustic generator, a display or an indicator lamp. A small sound generator is selected, so that warning sounds can be continuously sent out to remind the user of the fact that the U-shaped conductive electrode is broken; the small electronic display, the liquid crystal display or the nixie tube display is selected, so that the warning information of the number of the U-shaped conductive electrodes which are ground off can be visually displayed; an indicator lamp (such as a high-brightness light emitting diode) is selected, so that the cost is lowest, and the indicator lamp is very easy to notice and observe in the field.
Further, the number of the indicator lamps is the same as that of the U-shaped conductive electrodes, and the lighted colors are different from each other; each indicator light is electrically connected to one of the U-shaped conductive electrodes and is illuminated when the bottom connecting section of the connected U-shaped conductive electrode is ground.
Further, the U-shaped conductive electrodes arranged in parallel are sequentially arranged according to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section from the pad braking surface, and the connecting wires of the sequentially arranged U-shaped conductive electrodes are sequentially connected to the connecting terminal groups on the connecting wire rows.
The alarm sensor has the function of graded alarm, the U-shaped conductive electrode in the pad is worn along with the abrasion of the friction pad of the brake, and when the friction pad is worn until each U-shaped conductive electrode is worn, the alarm sensor can send out a corresponding alarm signal, so that the alarm sensor has the functions of graded abrasion monitoring and alarm of the friction pad, and the monitoring precision can reach 0.1mm. The alarm sensor provides an intuitive and simple detection path for the abrasion of the friction pad of the brake, and provides an objective and accurate basis for the adjustment of the braking clearance of the brake and the judgment of the limit of the service life.
The second object of the invention is realized in that:
A brake clearance adjustment method of a brake includes the following steps:
a. the pad abrasion grading alarm sensor is arranged on the plate brake;
b. A gasket group is respectively arranged at each fixing bolt fixedly connected with the tractor/motor shell, or two gasket groups are respectively arranged at two ends of the brake; the number of the gaskets arranged in each gasket group is the same, and the thickness of the gaskets is the same as the difference value of the burying depths between two adjacent U-shaped conductive electrodes in the friction gasket; each gasket is provided with a notch which can be laterally inserted into the fixing bolt;
c. When the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode with the smallest burying depth is ground in the using process of the brake, the warning device sends out a warning signal that the first U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the friction liner is worn to the burying depth of the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode, and the braking gap of the brake is adjusted for the first time;
d. the operator completes the adjustment of the braking gap through the tightness operation of the fixing bolt on the brake and the gasket taking operation of taking out one gasket from each gasket group;
e. during the use process of the brake, each U-shaped conductive electrode is worn, and the alarm sends out a corresponding alarm signal to indicate that the friction pad on the brake is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section corresponding to the U-shaped conductive electrode, so that the braking gap of the brake is adjusted again;
f. Repeating the step d to finish the brake clearance adjustment again.
The brake clearance adjustment method of the invention further comprises the following steps:
g. when one U-shaped conductive electrode with the largest buried depth in the alarm sensor is ground, the alarm gives out an alarm signal that the last U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the service life of the friction pad is up and a new friction pad needs to be replaced.
In the braking clearance adjustment method of the invention, the warning indicator is an indicator lamp; the color attached to each gasket in each gasket group is consistent with the lighting color of the indicator lamps, and the gaskets are ordered in the gasket groups according to the same arrangement sequence as the lighting color of each indicator lamp.
When the indicator lamp is lightened, the fixing bolt of the fixed connection brake is loosened, and the corresponding color gasket is taken out from the gasket group under the fixing bolt, so that the braking gap between the friction gasket on the brake and the brake wheel or the brake disc is ensured to be restored to the initial setting state, thereby ensuring the effective exertion of the braking force of the brake, enabling the adjustment of the braking gap to be timely, visual in display, simple and convenient to operate and scientific and standard, solving the common old and difficult problems of the adjustment of the braking gap when the adjustment should be unknown and how the adjustment should be unknown during the maintenance of the elevator, and greatly improving the reliability of the brake and the use safety of the elevator. The key point of the invention is that.
The second object of the present invention can be achieved by:
A brake clearance adjustment method of a brake includes the following steps:
a. the lining wear classification alarm sensor is respectively arranged on two brake arms of the drum brake;
b. a spring compression indication plate is respectively arranged on the two braking arms, a gap adjustment identification section corresponding to the burying depth of the U-shaped conducting electrode is marked on the spring compression indication plate, and the zero position identification of the gap adjustment identification section is arranged on the outer side of the spring compression indication plate and is kept longitudinally parallel to the outer edge of the initial position of the braking spring on the braking arm;
c. When the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conducting electrode with the smallest embedded depth in the alarm sensor on a certain brake arm is ground in the using process of the brake, an alarm electrically connected with the first U-shaped conducting electrode sends out an alarm signal that the U-shaped conducting electrode is ground, so that the friction pad on the brake arm is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conducting electrode at the moment, and the braking gap of the brake arm is adjusted for the first time;
d. the spring adjusting nut is rotated, so that the braking spring on the braking arm is compressed to enable the outer edge of the braking spring to be longitudinally level with a first mark position in a gap adjusting mark section on the spring compression indicating plate, and the first braking gap adjustment of the braking arm is completed;
e. During the use process of the brake, each U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, and a warning indicator electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrode sends out a corresponding warning signal to indicate that a friction pad on a certain brake arm is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section of the corresponding U-shaped conductive electrode just ground, and the brake gap on the brake arm is adjusted again;
f. And (3) rotating the spring adjusting nut to enable the brake spring on the brake arm to be compressed until the outer edge of the brake spring is longitudinally leveled with the next identification position of the gap adjusting identification section on the spring compression indicating plate, and completing the brake gap adjustment of the brake arm again.
The brake clearance adjustment method of the invention further comprises the following steps:
g. when one U-shaped conductive electrode with the largest buried depth in the alarm sensor on a certain brake arm is ground, an alarm electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrode sends out an alarm signal that the last U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, and the alarm indicates that the service life of a friction pad on the brake arm is up at the moment, and a new friction pad needs to be replaced.
In the braking gap adjustment method, the gap adjustment marking sections on the spring compression indication plate are a plurality of transverse strip sections with different lengths, the inner side edges of the transverse strip sections are flush, the transverse strip sections are arranged in the plate surface of the spring compression indication plate in an up-down sequence according to the different lengths, and the outer side edges of the transverse strip sections are the marking positions for braking spring compression during gap adjustment.
In the braking gap adjusting method, the ratio of the length difference of two adjacent gap adjusting marking sections on the spring compression indicating plate to the burying depth of the bottom connecting sections of two adjacent U-shaped conducting electrodes from the pad braking surface is equal to the ratio of the distance from the center of the braking spring to the center of the braking arm rotating shaft to the distance from the center of the friction pad to the center of the braking arm rotating shaft.
In the braking clearance adjustment method, the zero marker is arranged on the outer side edge of the spring compression indicator plate.
In the braking clearance adjustment method of the invention, the warning indicator is an indicator lamp; the gap adjustment identification section on the spring compression indication board is a color-coated strip section, the color of the gap adjustment identification section is corresponding to the lighting color of the indication lamp, and the gap adjustment identification section is sequenced on the spring compression indication board according to the same sequence as the lighting color of the indication lamp.
The invention has the positive effects that: firstly, aiming at the defects that the friction pad existing in the plate brake of the traction machine which is used in a large quantity at present is not good in detecting the abrasion condition after being worn, and the braking clearance should be adjusted when not known, the friction pad is displayed by an intuitive and simple indicator lamp, so that the troublesome problem that the clearance adjustment should be performed when not known is solved; secondly, after the lining wear classification alarm sensor gives out wear alarm, a fixing bolt between the brake and the tractor/motor shell is loosened, a corresponding color gasket in the gasket group is pulled out, and then the bolt is screwed down to finish gap adjustment work, so that the problem of how to adjust the gap is solved, and meanwhile, the technical problem that the adjustment amount is difficult to determine is solved, and the adjustment work of the brake gap becomes scientific, standard, simple and easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pad wear classification alarm sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plate brake configuration using the warning sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the B-direction step of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another plate brake configuration using the warning sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a drum brake using the alarm sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the brake shoe portion of fig. 5.
In the figure: 1. the brake device comprises a fixed bolt, 2, a brake spring, 3, a manual brake release device, 4, a coil, 5, a yoke, 6, a gasket set, 7, an alarm sensor, 8, a friction pad, 9, a brake shoe, 10, an armature, 11, a traction machine/motor housing, 12, a brake wheel, 13, a hollow positioning column, 14, a magnetic device, 15, a brake arm, 16, a spring compression indicating plate, 17, a brake shoe shaft, 18, an adjusting rod, 19, a spring adjusting nut, 71, a U-shaped conductive electrode, 72, an indicating lamp, 73, a base plate, 74 and a wiring terminal.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the invention relates to an implementation mode of a lining wear grading alarm sensor.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pad wear classification alarm sensor of the present invention includes a U-shaped conductive electrode 71 and an alarm. The warning device can be selected from small sound generator, small display (such as electronic display, LCD, nixie tube display, etc.), or indicator lamp (such as high-brightness LED). And the sound generator or the display is selected, only one alarm sensor is needed to be configured, and all U-shaped conductive electrodes in the alarm sensors are connected to the sound generator or the display. The indicator lamps are selected, and a plurality of configurations are needed in each alarm sensor, namely, each U-shaped conductive electrode is connected with one indicator lamp, and the U-shaped conductive electrode can be distinguished according to the lighted color of the indicator lamp. The present embodiment will be described by taking an indicator lamp as an example.
The U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 are arranged in parallel (the number of the U-shaped conductive electrodes can be increased or decreased), and are buried in the friction pad 8 in a manner that the bottom connecting sections face the pad braking surface, the burying depths of the bottom connecting sections of the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 from the pad braking surface are different, the burying depths of the bottom connecting sections of the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 from the pad braking surface are arranged in an arithmetic progression, and the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 are sequentially arranged in sequence according to the magnitudes of the burying depths of the bottom connecting sections from the pad braking surface.
The indicator lamps 72 have five lamps, which are the same as the number of the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71, but are lighted in different colors from each other. The terminal block includes a base plate 73 and a terminal 74 fixed thereto. The terminals 74 are provided in five groups, one by one, and juxtaposed on the board 73. Two leads are connected to the two poles of the U-shaped conductive electrode 71, respectively, and the two leads of the same U-shaped conductive electrode 71 are tapped to two connection terminals 74 on the same group.
An indicator light 72 is electrically connected to a U-shaped conductive electrode 71. The sequentially arranged connection wires of the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 are sequentially connected to the connection terminal groups on the connection bars. When the bottom connecting section of the connected U-shaped conductive electrode 71 is worn out, the indicator lamp 72 electrically connected with the bottom connecting section is turned on, and a warning signal that the U-shaped conductive electrode is worn out is sent out, so that the friction pad 8 is worn out to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section of the U-shaped conductive electrode in the friction pad, and the adjustment of the braking gap is required.
Example 2: the invention relates to an application of a lining wear grading alarm sensor in a plate brake.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the yoke 5 of the plate brake is opposite to the armature 10, and the armature 10 is shorter than the yoke 5 by one. A coil 4 and a brake spring 2 are installed in a slot of a yoke 5, and a manual brake release device 3 installed on an outer end surface of the yoke 5 is used for performing a manual brake release operation when a fault occurs. A brake shoe 9 is fixed to the outer end surface of the armature 10, a friction pad 8 is stuck to the braking surface of the brake shoe 9, and the warning sensor 7 of the present invention is mounted in the friction pad 8.
A mating mounting slot is provided in the machine/motor housing 11 for receiving the armature 10 and the brake shoe 9. After the yoke 5 is fixedly coupled to the traction machine/motor housing 11 by the fixing bolts 1 at four corners thereof, the armature 10 and the brake shoe 9 are buried in the mounting groove, and the brake shoe 9 is brought into close contact with the wheel surface of the brake wheel 12 to thereby control the braking of the brake wheel 12. The four fixing bolts 1 fixedly connected with the traction machine/motor shell 11 are respectively provided with gasket groups 6, the same number of gaskets are arranged in the four gasket groups 6, the thicknesses of all the gaskets are the same, and each gasket is provided with a notch which can be laterally inserted into the fixing bolt 1 (figure 2). When the friction pad 8 is worn by one pad thickness, one pad is pulled out from each of the four pad groups 6, and the yoke 5 is close to the thickness of one pad to the traction machine/motor housing 11, so that the gap between the worn friction pad 8 and the wheel surface of the brake wheel 12 can be restored to the initial state, and the standard adjustment of the braking gap of the brake can be realized.
Example 3: the lining wear classification alarm sensor is applied to another plate brake.
The plate brake shown in fig. 4 has substantially the same structure as the brake of embodiment 2, and the mounting manner and operation principle of the alarm sensor 7 of the present invention in the brake are the same as those of embodiment 2.
The difference in this embodiment is that the armature 10 is equal in length to the yoke 5 only, so that on the one hand, perforations are made at the four corners of the armature 10 to allow the anchor 1 to pass through without obstruction; on the other hand, a hollow positioning post 13 is added to each fixing bolt 1, and the hollow positioning posts 13 are also penetrated into the perforations at the four corners of the armature, so that after the yoke 5 is fixed to the traction machine/motor housing 11, a movable space for the armature 10 to move back and forth can be provided. The gasket set 6 is clamped between the hollow positioning column 13 and the traction machine/motor shell 11, so that the gasket can be conveniently extracted during gap adjustment.
Example 4: the invention relates to the application of a lining wear grading alarm sensor in a drum brake.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the drum brake includes a brake arm 15, a brake shoe 9, a magnetic device 14, and the like, an adjusting rod 18 is respectively connected to and fixed to the brake arm 15 at two opposite positions, and a brake spring 2 and a spring adjusting nut 19 are connected to the adjusting rod 18. The brake shoe 9 is hinged in the middle of the brake arm 15 by a brake shoe shaft 17, a friction pad 8 is stuck on the braking surface of the brake shoe 9, and the alarm sensor 7 of the invention is arranged in the friction pad 8.
The two brake arms 15 are respectively provided with a spring compression indication plate 16, the spring compression indication plate 16 is marked with a gap adjustment identification section, the gap adjustment identification section is 5 transverse strip sections with different lengths (the number can be increased or decreased), the inner side edges of the transverse strip sections on the brake arms are flush, the transverse strip sections are arranged in the plate surface of the spring compression indication plate 16 in an up-down sequence according to the different lengths, and the outer side edges of the transverse strip sections are the zone bits for braking spring compression during gap adjustment. The setting of the zone bits is in one-to-one correspondence with the burying depth of the U-shaped conductive electrode. The initial zero position of the clearance adjustment indicating section is marked on the outer side edge of the spring compression indicating plate 16, and the initial zero position is kept longitudinally flush with the outer edge of the brake spring 2 on the brake arm 16 in the initial position. The braking gap between the friction pad 8 and the brake drum can be adjusted in a grading manner by compressing the braking spring 2 according to the principle that the outer edge of the braking spring is level with the outer side edge of each transverse strip-shaped section.
Example 5: the brake clearance adjusting method is applied to the plate brake.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the brake clearance adjustment method of the present invention includes the steps of:
1. The pad abrasion grading alarm sensor is arranged on a plate brake, namely a friction pad 8 embedded with U-shaped conductive electrodes is attached to a brake shoe 9, the brake shoe 8 is fixed on an armature 10, leads of each U-shaped conductive electrode 71 are connected to corresponding wiring terminal groups on a wiring row, a corresponding number of indicator lamps 72 and corresponding U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 are electrically connected to the wiring terminal groups, and meanwhile, a working power supply and a control circuit for lighting the indicator lamps are also connected, so that each U-shaped conductive electrode forms a normally closed control switch, and when the normally closed control switch is disconnected, the indicator lamps 72 electrically connected with the normally closed control switch are lighted.
2. According to the number of fixing bolts 1 used for fixedly connecting the brake to the traction machine/motor housing 11, a corresponding number of pad groups 6 are provided, the number of pads provided in each pad group 6 is the same, the thicknesses of all the pads are kept identical, and the difference in the burying depth between the adjacent two U-shaped conductive electrodes in the friction pad is the same, a gap capable of being laterally inserted onto the fixing bolts is formed in each pad, the colors of the pads in each pad group 6 are different from each other, but the colors of the pads are the same as those of the indicator lights when the indicator lights are lighted, and the arrangement order of the indicator lights is kept identical, namely, the colors of the indicator lights when the indicator lights are sequentially lighted are identical to those of the pads sequenced in each pad group 6. A spacer group 6 as described above is provided on each fixing bolt 1.
3. When the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode 71 with the smallest burying depth is ground in the using process of the brake, the first indicator lamp 2 on the wiring row is lightened, and a warning signal that the first U-shaped conductive electrode is ground is sent out, so that the friction liner 8 is worn to the burying depth of the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode, and the braking gap of the brake is adjusted for the first time.
4. Firstly, a maintenance operator loosens a fixing bolt 1 fixedly connected with one end of a brake, takes out a gasket with the same color as the lighted indicator lamp from each gasket group on the fixing bolt at the end, and then sequentially tightens the loosened bolts; the other end of the brake operates in the same manner and withdraws one pad each, thereby completing the first brake clearance adjustment for the brake.
5. During subsequent use of the brake, each U-shaped conductive electrode 71 is worn off and the corresponding indicator light 2 is illuminated, indicating that the friction lining 8 on the brake has worn to the depth of burial of the bottom connection section corresponding to that U-shaped conductive electrode, and the brake clearance of the brake should be adjusted again.
6. Repeating the fifth step to finish the brake clearance adjustment again.
7. When the last indicator lamp 2 is lit, the U-shaped conductive electrode 71 indicating the greatest embedded depth in the alarm sensor is worn off, and at this time, the service life of the friction pad 8 on the brake is reached, and the use safety of the brake can be ensured only after the replacement of a new friction pad.
Example 6: the brake clearance adjustment method is applied to a drum brake.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the brake clearance adjustment method of the present invention includes the steps of:
1. The lining wear classification alarm sensor is respectively arranged on two brake arms 15 of the drum brake, namely, a friction lining 8 embedded with U-shaped conductive electrodes is attached to a brake shoe 9, leads of each U-shaped conductive electrode 71 are connected to corresponding wiring terminal groups on a wiring row, a corresponding number of indicator lamps 72 and the corresponding U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 are electrically connected to the wiring terminal groups, and meanwhile, a working power supply and a control circuit for lighting the indicator lamps are also connected, so that each U-shaped conductive electrode forms a normally closed control switch, and when the normally closed control switch is disconnected, the indicator lamps 72 electrically connected with the normally closed control switch are lighted.
2. A spring compression indicator plate 16 is provided on each brake arm 15 in the immediate vicinity of the brake spring 2, and a gap adjustment marking section is marked on the spring compression indicator plate 16. The gap adjustment mark sections are 5 transverse strip sections with different lengths, the inner side edges of the transverse strip sections on the braking arm 16 are flush edges, the transverse strip sections are arranged in the plate surface of the spring compression indication plate 16 in an up-down sequence according to the different lengths, and the outer side edges of the transverse strip sections are the marker bits for braking spring compression during gap adjustment. The setting of the zone bits corresponds to the burying depth of the U-shaped conductive electrode one by one. The initial zero position of the clearance adjustment indicating section is marked on the outer side edge of the spring compression indicating plate 16, and the initial zero position is kept longitudinally flush with the outer edge of the brake spring 2 on the brake arm 16 in the initial position. The gap adjustment identification sections are the same as the U-shaped conductive electrodes in the alarm sensor in number and correspond to the burying depths of the U-shaped conductive electrodes one by one. The ratio of the length difference of the adjacent two gap adjustment marking sections on the spring compression indication plate to the burying depth of the bottom connecting sections of the adjacent two U-shaped conductive electrodes from the pad braking surface is equal to the ratio of the distance from the center of the braking spring to the center of the braking arm rotating shaft to the distance from the center of the friction pad to the center of the braking arm rotating shaft. The zero position mark of the gap adjustment mark section is flush with the outer edge of the initial position of the brake spring on the brake arm 15 where the spring compression indicator plate is located.
3. When the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode 71 with the smallest embedded depth on a certain brake arm 15 is ground off during the use process of the brake, the indicator lamp 2 electrically connected with the first U-shaped conductive electrode is lightened, and a warning signal that the U-shaped conductive electrode is ground off is sent out, so that the friction lining 8 is worn to the embedded depth of the first U-shaped conductive electrode, and the braking gap of the brake arm 15 is adjusted for the first time.
4. By screwing the spring adjusting nut 19 on the brake arm 15, the outer edge of the brake spring 2 is enabled to be longitudinally level with the first mark position of the gap adjusting mark section on the spring compression indicating plate 16, and the first brake gap adjustment of the brake arm 15 is completed.
5. During the use of the brake, each of the U-shaped conductive electrodes 71 is worn off, the corresponding electrically connected indicator lamp 2 is illuminated, and a corresponding warning signal is sent to indicate that the friction lining 8 on the brake arm 15 has worn to the depth of burial of the bottom connecting section of the U-shaped conductive electrode that has just been worn off, and the brake gap on the brake arm 15 should be adjusted again.
6. By screwing the spring adjusting nut 19 on the brake arm 15, the outer edge of the brake spring 2 is enabled to be longitudinally level with the next mark position of the gap adjusting mark section on the spring compression indicating plate 16, and then the brake gap adjustment of the brake arm 15 is completed again.
7. When the last indicator lamp 2 on a certain brake arm 15 is lighted, it indicates that one U-shaped conductive electrode with the largest buried depth in the alarm sensor 7 mounted on the brake arm is worn off, at this time, the service life of the friction pad 8 on the brake arm is up, and the adjustment of the brake clearance can not be performed any more, at this time, the use safety of the brake can be ensured only after the new friction pad is replaced.
Claims (9)
1. The method for adjusting the braking clearance of the brake is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. A lining wear grading alarm sensor is arranged on the plate brake; the pad wear classification alarm sensor includes:
the U-shaped conductive electrodes are arranged in parallel or in a telescopic manner, are buried in the friction pad in a manner that the bottom connecting sections face the pad braking surface, and form an equi-differential array from the burying depth of the bottom connecting sections of the U-shaped conductive electrodes to the pad braking surface; and
The alarm is electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrodes and sends out corresponding alarm signals when the bottom connecting section of each U-shaped conductive electrode is ground;
b. A gasket group is respectively arranged at each fixing bolt fixedly connected with the shell of the traction machine or two ends of the brake; the number of the gaskets arranged in each gasket group is the same, and the thickness of the gaskets is the same as the difference value of the burying depths between two adjacent U-shaped conductive electrodes in the friction gasket; each gasket is provided with a notch which can be laterally inserted into the fixing bolt;
c. When the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode with the smallest burying depth is ground in the using process of the brake, the warning device sends out a warning signal that the first U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the friction liner is worn to the burying depth of the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode, and the braking gap of the brake is adjusted for the first time;
d. the operator completes the adjustment of the braking gap through the tightness operation of the fixing bolt on the brake and the gasket taking operation of taking out one gasket from each gasket group;
e. during the use process of the brake, each U-shaped conductive electrode is worn, and the alarm sends out a corresponding alarm signal to indicate that the friction pad on the brake is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section corresponding to the U-shaped conductive electrode, so that the braking gap of the brake is adjusted again;
f. Repeating the step d to finish the brake clearance adjustment again.
2. The brake clearance adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of:
g. when one U-shaped conductive electrode with the largest buried depth in the alarm sensor is ground, the alarm gives out an alarm signal that the last U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the service life of the friction pad is up and a new friction pad needs to be replaced.
3. The brake clearance adjustment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the warning indicator is an indicator lamp; the color attached to each gasket in each gasket group is consistent with the lighting color of the indicator lamps, and the gaskets are ordered in the gasket groups according to the same arrangement sequence as the lighting color of each indicator lamp.
4. The method for adjusting the braking clearance of the brake is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. Pad wear classification alarm sensors are respectively arranged on two brake arms of the drum brake; the pad wear classification alarm sensor includes:
the U-shaped conductive electrodes are arranged in parallel or in a telescopic manner, are buried in the friction pad in a manner that the bottom connecting sections face the pad braking surface, and form an equi-differential array from the burying depth of the bottom connecting sections of the U-shaped conductive electrodes to the pad braking surface; and
The alarm is electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrodes and sends out corresponding alarm signals when the bottom connecting section of each U-shaped conductive electrode is ground;
b. a spring compression indication plate is respectively arranged on the two braking arms, a gap adjustment identification section corresponding to the burying depth of the U-shaped conducting electrode is marked on the spring compression indication plate, and the zero position identification of the gap adjustment identification section is arranged on the outer side of the spring compression indication plate and is kept longitudinally parallel to the outer edge of the initial position of the braking spring on the braking arm;
c. when the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode with the smallest embedded depth on a certain brake arm is ground in the using process of the brake, an alarm electrically connected with the first U-shaped conductive electrode sends out an alarm signal that the U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the friction pad on the brake arm is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section of the first U-shaped conductive electrode, and the braking gap of the brake arm is adjusted for the first time;
d. the spring adjusting nut is rotated, so that the braking spring on the braking arm is compressed to enable the outer edge of the braking spring to be longitudinally level with a first mark position in a gap adjusting mark section on the spring compression indicating plate, and the first braking gap adjustment of the braking arm is completed;
e. During the use process of the brake, each U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, and a warning indicator electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrode sends out a corresponding warning signal to indicate that a friction pad on a certain brake arm is worn to the embedded depth of the bottom connecting section of the corresponding U-shaped conductive electrode just ground, and the brake gap on the brake arm is adjusted again;
f. And (3) rotating the spring adjusting nut to enable the brake spring on the brake arm to be compressed until the outer edge of the brake spring is longitudinally leveled with the next identification position of the gap adjusting identification section on the spring compression indicating plate, and completing the brake gap adjustment of the brake arm again.
5. The brake clearance adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising the steps of:
g. When one U-shaped conductive electrode with the largest buried depth in the alarm sensor on a certain brake arm is ground, an alarm electrically connected with the U-shaped conductive electrode sends out an alarm signal that the last U-shaped conductive electrode is ground, so that the service life of a friction pad on the brake arm is up, and a new friction pad needs to be replaced.
6. The method for adjusting the braking gap according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the gap adjusting marking section on the spring compression indication board is a plurality of transverse strip sections with different lengths, the inner side edges of the transverse strip sections are flush, and are arranged in the board surface of the spring compression indication board in sequence according to the different lengths, and the outer side edge of each transverse strip section is the marking position of the braking spring compression during the gap adjustment.
7. The brake clearance adjustment method of claim 6, wherein a ratio of a difference in length between adjacent two clearance adjustment indicating sections on the spring compression indicating plate to a depth of burial of bottom connecting sections of adjacent two U-shaped conductive electrodes from the pad braking surface is equal to a ratio of a distance from a center of the brake spring to a center of the brake arm rotating shaft to a distance from a center of the friction pad to a center of the brake arm rotating shaft.
8. The brake slack adjustment method of claim 7, wherein the zero position indicator is disposed on an outer side of the spring compression indicator plate.
9. The brake clearance adjustment method of claim 8, wherein the warning indicator is an indicator light; the gap adjustment identification section on the spring compression indication board is a color-coated strip section, the color of the gap adjustment identification section is corresponding to the lighting color of the indication lamp, and the gap adjustment identification section is sequenced on the spring compression indication board according to the same sequence as the lighting color of the indication lamp.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210154129.2A CN114483840B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Pad wear grading alarm sensor and brake clearance adjustment method of brake |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210154129.2A CN114483840B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Pad wear grading alarm sensor and brake clearance adjustment method of brake |
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| CN114483840A CN114483840A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114483840B true CN114483840B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN202210154129.2A Active CN114483840B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Pad wear grading alarm sensor and brake clearance adjustment method of brake |
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| CN112610633A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-04-06 | 盛文构贸易公司 | Indicating system for vehicle brake |
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| CN113446339A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-28 | 石家庄五龙制动器股份有限公司 | Brake capable of detecting braking torque |
| CN215444858U (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-01-07 | 石家庄五龙制动器股份有限公司 | Plate brake |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017193231A1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | 铜仁学院 | Device for detecting thickness of brake pad |
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1151193A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1969-05-07 | Verlinde Sa | Improvements in or relating to Electromagnetic Disc Brakes for Electric Motors |
| US6366201B1 (en) * | 2001-01-23 | 2002-04-02 | Dana Corporation | Parallel resistor array for progressively detecting brake lining wear |
| CN102287461A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2011-12-21 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Brake shoe with abrasion alarming mechanism |
| CN112610633A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-04-06 | 盛文构贸易公司 | Indicating system for vehicle brake |
| CN211693315U (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-10-16 | 宁波合力制动系统有限公司 | Braking clearance compensation mechanism of air pressure disc brake |
| CN213231085U (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-05-18 | 上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院 | Elevator brake shoe wear monitoring and grading early warning device |
| CN113446339A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-28 | 石家庄五龙制动器股份有限公司 | Brake capable of detecting braking torque |
| CN215444858U (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-01-07 | 石家庄五龙制动器股份有限公司 | Plate brake |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114483840A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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