CN114480859B - Method for utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in cooperation - Google Patents
Method for utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in cooperation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114480859B CN114480859B CN202210005430.7A CN202210005430A CN114480859B CN 114480859 B CN114480859 B CN 114480859B CN 202210005430 A CN202210005430 A CN 202210005430A CN 114480859 B CN114480859 B CN 114480859B
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- red mud
- iron ore
- ore sintering
- sintering dust
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 calcium-silicon-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
- B03C1/015—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by chemical treatment imparting magnetic properties to the material to be separated, e.g. roasting, reduction, oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/08—Ferroso-ferric oxide [Fe3O4]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1222—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes using a halogen containing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2200/00—Recycling of non-gaseous waste material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in a synergistic way. The method comprises the steps of mixing raw materials including red mud, iron ore sintering dust and solid fuel, granulating, sequentially drying and roasting the obtained aggregate, recovering ferrous metal components from flue gas, crushing and grinding the rest solid roasting products, recovering ferrous components by adopting magnetic separation, wherein magnetic separation tailings are a calcium-silicon-aluminum system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for utilizing red mud and iron ore sintering dust in a full-component cooperative manner, in particular to a method for utilizing red mud and iron ore sintering dust to simultaneously recover ferrous metal components and iron-containing components through high-temperature roasting and magnetic separation and obtain a high-activity calcium-silicon-aluminum system, thereby realizing the cooperative harmlessness and recycling of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust, and belonging to the technical field of the cooperative harmlessness and recycling comprehensive utilization of hazardous wastes.
Background
Red mud is the residue produced by leaching bauxite with strong alkali in the alumina production process. It is counted that 1 to 1.6 tons of red mud are produced per 1 ton of alumina produced. The production of red mud is 8000 for over ten thousand tons in 2020, and the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 10%. The red mud is piled in a large amount to occupy the land, and meanwhile, the strong alkalinity and the high heavy metal element content of the red mud bring serious threat to the ecological environment. In the current stage, a gradual extraction method is adopted for recovering valuable metals in the red mud, so that the process is long, the treatment procedure is complex, and the energy consumption is high.
In addition, crude steel 10.65 hundred million tons is produced in 2020 in China. Sintering is used as the first high-temperature process of steel production, and plays the roles of agglomeration and removal of harmful elements. A large amount of dust produced in the sintering process is rich in chlorine, alkali metal, iron, calcium and other components. Because of high chlorine and alkali metal content, the waste water is difficult to directly digest and recycle in the steel production process. At present, the sintered dust is mostly pretreated by water washing to remove alkali metal and chlorine-containing components, and then added into a sintering burden for recycling. The water washing process not only consumes a large amount of fresh water resources, but also has high treatment difficulty of the obtained high-salt wastewater and low added value of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of high production amount, high content of toxic and harmful components and low recycling degree of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for utilizing the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust in a synergistic way, which fully utilizes the composition characteristics of high content of titanium, lead, zinc, nickel and other nonferrous metals in the red mud and rich chlorine in the iron ore sintering dust, converts the nonferrous metals in the red mud into chloride components with low boiling point through high-temperature roasting the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust, so as to recover the chloride components from flue gas, simultaneously converts the iron in the red mud into magnetic iron ore, and can recover the residual magnetic solid residues by magnetic separation, wherein the main component of the residual magnetic solid residues is a high-activity calcium-silicon-aluminum system, which is a raw material of an excellent cement admixture or alkali excitation material, and simultaneously realizes the synchronous harmless and full-component recycling of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust in the high-temperature roasting dust, thereby having important significance for resource recycling and ecological environment protection.
In order to achieve the technical aim, the invention provides a method for utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in a synergistic way.
The method is characterized in that red mud and iron ore sintering dust are matched for synergistic treatment, chloride salt components in the iron ore sintering dust are utilized to carry out chlorination volatilization on nonferrous metal components in the red mud, so that the nonferrous metal components in the red mud undergo chlorination reaction to generate low-boiling nonferrous metal chlorides which are efficiently volatilized into flue gas, the collection of the nonferrous metal components is realized in a flue gas purification unit, high-grade nonferrous metal components can be obtained, meanwhile, weak-magnetic Fe 2O3 in the red mud is reduced into magnetic Fe 3O4 or metallic iron by controlling roasting conditions in a high-temperature roasting process, so that magnetic separation and recovery are facilitated, in addition, the main component of solid phase residues after roasting is CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3, and the method can be used for cement admixture or alkali excited material raw materials, so that synchronous harmless and full-component recycling of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust are realized.
As a preferable scheme, the iron grade of the red mud is more than 10 percent. Specifically, the red mud is at least one of red mud generated by producing alumina by a Bayer process, a series-parallel process or a sintering process.
As a preferable scheme, the molar ratio of chlorine to nonferrous metal in the mixture of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust is as follows: n (Cl)/[ 4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni) ] is 0.9 to 1.2. The content of chlorine element is very important for the volatilization process of nonferrous metal, the nonferrous metal residue can be caused when the content of chlorine is too low, the recovery rate is reduced, the iron recovery in the solid roasting product can be adversely affected when the content of chlorine element is too high, in addition, HCl is easy to be generated at high temperature when the content of chlorine element is too high, and the equipment corrosion is aggravated.
As a preferred embodiment, the mass of the solid fuel is 5 to 30% of the total mass of the raw material, and the mass of the solid fuel is measured in terms of its fixed carbon content. The solid fuel can provide a reduction environment, and can convert ferric oxide into magnetic elemental iron or ferroferric oxide while realizing efficient chlorination volatilization of nonferrous metals.
As a preferable scheme, the raw materials also comprise a binder with the mass percent of less than or equal to 5 percent, such as bentonite and the like.
As a preferable scheme, the drying temperature is 80-150 ℃ and the drying time is 30-180 min.
As a preferable scheme, the roasting temperature is 800-1100 ℃ and the time is 5-60 min. Too low a roasting temperature causes slow reaction rate and low reaction degree, and too high a temperature causes melting of solid substances, so that the solid substances adhere to a furnace lining to cause adverse effects on the service life of equipment, and in addition, the too high a temperature increases the energy consumption in the treatment process. Further preferred is a firing temperature of 900 to 1000 ℃.
As a preferable scheme, the solid roasting product is ground to the powder of-200 meshes, and the mass fraction of the solid roasting product is more than 90%.
As a preferable scheme, the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation is 0.05-0.5T.
As a preferred scheme, the iron ore sintering dust is solid waste trapped from a flue gas cleaning/dust removing system of a sintering machine in the steel sintering production process.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages and beneficial technical effects:
1) According to the method, red mud and iron ore sintering dust are matched for synergistic treatment, chloride salt components in the iron ore sintering dust are utilized to carry out chlorination volatilization on nonferrous metal components in the red mud, so that the nonferrous metal components in the red mud undergo chlorination reaction to generate low-boiling nonferrous metal chlorides which are efficiently volatilized into smoke, the collection of the nonferrous metal components is realized in a smoke purification unit, high-grade nonferrous metal components can be obtained, meanwhile, the weak magnetic Fe 2O3 in the red mud is reduced into magnetic Fe 3O4 or metallic iron by controlling roasting conditions in a high-temperature roasting process, so that magnetic separation recovery is facilitated, in addition, the high-temperature process is utilized to decompose dioxin in the iron ore sintering dust, and the main component of solid-phase residues after roasting is CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3, so that the method can be used for cement admixture or alkali excitation material raw materials, and realizes synchronous harmless and full-component recycling of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust.
2) The invention does not need to remove alkaline components in the red mud in advance or wash the iron ore sintering dust, reduces unnecessary pretreatment links of materials, and reduces the cost and potential environmental hazard in the material treatment process.
3) The invention develops a full-component cooperative utilization process based on the physicochemical characteristics of the red mud iron ore sintering dust, and the process has the characteristics of strong operability, low cost and suitability for large-scale production. Has important significance for recycling resources and protecting ecological environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the preferred embodiments in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
The various reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by known methods unless otherwise specified.
In the following examples, the main components of the red mud are SiO 2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2 and the like, wherein the iron grade is more than 10%, and the iron ore sintering dust contains Fe, na, K, cl and other components, and also contains a certain amount of nonferrous metal components such as Pb, zn, ni and the like. The specific components are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of red mud and iron ore sintered dust (%)
| TFe | SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | K2O | Na2O | Cl | Pb | Zn | Ni | |
| Red mud | 41.3 | 5.5 | 10.2 | 23.0 | 0.9 | 1.8 | - | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Iron ore sintering dust | 37.8 | 4.2 | 6.7 | 2.14 | 12.1 | 1.3 | 15.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=0.5.
The removal rates of Ti, pb, zn, ni in the high-temperature roasting process are 9.7%, 22.5%, 17.8% and 14.9% respectively. The chlorine ratio is too low, which affects the recovery efficiency of nonferrous metals.
The iron grade obtained by magnetic separation is 48.27 percent, and the recovery rate is 61.3 percent.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=1.6.
The removal rates of Ti, pb, zn, ni in the high-temperature roasting process are 31.5%, 52.8%, 51.7% and 49.5 respectively.
And magnetically separating to obtain iron concentrate with iron grade of 50.13% and recovery rate of 52.5%. It is shown that the excessive chlorine content obviously affects the recovery efficiency of iron.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of sintering the red mud and the iron ore into dust, coke and bentonite according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=0.9, coke addition 15%, bentonite addition 2% are uniformly mixed, pellets with the granularity of 10-12 mm are prepared by a cylindrical pelletizer, and are dried at 80 ℃ for 120min, the dried pellets are roasted at 900 ℃ for 60min, the nonferrous metal components contained in the flue gas are collected, the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas is lower than the national standard GB 1884-2001, the concentration of the dioxin in the flue gas is lower than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm 3, the solid roasting product is cooled to room temperature and analyzed for chemical components, the removal rate of Ti, pb, zn, ni in the high-temperature roasting process is calculated to be 38.5%, 52.1%, 47.3% and 39.6 respectively based on the chemical composition and the quality change of the original materials, and then the iron concentrate with the iron grade of 53.41% and the recovery rate of 72.6% is obtained by grinding to-200 mesh content of 90% under the magnetic field strength of 0.2T. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is a high-activity CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3 system, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity is far lower than the critical waste identification standard limit-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 2
The red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash, anthracite and mineral powder binder are mixed according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=1.0, anthracite is added in an amount of 30%, the addition amount of mineral powder binder is 5% and uniformly mixed, pellets with the granularity of 10-12 mm are prepared by a disc pelletizer, and are dried at 150 ℃ for 90min, the dried pellets are roasted at 1100 ℃ for 30min, the nonferrous metal components in the flue gas are collected, the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas is lower than national standard GB 1884-2001 and is lower than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm 3, the solid roasting product is cooled to room temperature and analyzed for chemical components, the removal rate of Ti, pb, zn, ni in the high-temperature roasting process is calculated to be 41.7%, 54.8%, 73.1% and 44.6% respectively based on the chemical composition and the quality change of the original materials, and then the iron concentrate with the iron grade of 60.03% and the recovery rate of 86.7% is obtained by grinding to-200 mesh content of 90% under the magnetic field strength of 0.5T. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is a high-activity CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3 system, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity is far lower than the critical waste identification standard limit-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of sintering the red mud and the iron ore into dust, coke powder and bentonite according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=1.2, the addition amount of coke powder is 5%, the addition amount of bentonite is 2% and is uniformly mixed, the mixture is extruded into a block mass with the granularity of 10-12mm, the block mass is dried for 110min at 120 ℃, the dried pellets are roasted for 45min at 1000 ℃, the nonferrous metal components in the flue gas are collected, the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas is lower than the national standard GB 1884-2001 and is less than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm 3, the solid roasting product is cooled to room temperature and analyzed for chemical components, the removal rate of Ti, pb, zn, ni in the high-temperature roasting process is calculated to be 40.6%, 58.2%, 77.3% and 43.1% respectively, then the powder mass is ground to-200 mesh content of 90%, and magnetic separation is carried out under the magnetic field strength of 0.05T, so that iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 51.25% and the recovery rate of 66.8% is obtained. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is a high-activity CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3 system, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity is far lower than the critical waste identification standard limit-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 4
The method comprises the steps of sintering the red mud and the iron ore into dust, coal dust and an organic binder according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4 n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni))=1.05, 15% of coal dust, 3% of organic binder, uniformly mixing, briquetting into agglomerates with particle size of 10-12mm, drying at 120 ℃ for 120min, roasting the dried pellets at 1000 ℃ for 45min, collecting nonferrous metal components in flue gas, cooling the solid roasting product to room temperature and analyzing the chemical components, calculating Ti, pb, zn, ni removal rate in the high-temperature roasting process to be 41.7%, 50.2%, 69.8% and 42.9% respectively based on the chemical composition, the mixture ratio of the original materials and the chemical composition and the quality change of the solid product, grinding to-200 mesh content of 90%, and carrying out magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 0.25T to obtain iron concentrate with iron grade of 56.42% and recovery rate of 73.6%. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is a high-activity CaO-SiO 2-Al2O3 system, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity is far lower than the critical waste identification standard limit-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Claims (6)
1. A method for utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dust in a synergistic way is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing the raw materials including the red mud, the iron ore sintering dust and the solid fuel, and granulating, sequentially drying and roasting the obtained granules, recovering the nonferrous metal components from the flue gas, crushing and grinding the rest solid roasting products, and recovering the ferrous components by adopting magnetic separation, wherein the magnetic separation tailings are a calcium-silicon-aluminum system;
The molar ratio of chlorine to nonferrous metal in the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust-removing ash mixture is as follows: n (Cl)/[ 4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni) ] is 0.9 to 1.2;
the mass of the solid fuel accounts for 5-30% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the solid fuel is measured according to the fixed carbon content; the roasting temperature is 800-1100 ℃ and the roasting time is 5-60 min.
2. The method for the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the iron grade of the red mud is more than 10%.
3. The method for the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the raw materials also comprise a binder with the mass percentage of less than or equal to 5 percent.
4. The method for the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drying temperature is 80-150 ℃ and the drying time is 30-180 min.
5. The method for the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the solid roasting product is ground to the powder of-200 meshes, and the mass fraction of the solid roasting product is more than 90%.
6. The method for the full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dust according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation is 0.05-0.5T.
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