CN114480859A - Method for cooperatively utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash - Google Patents
Method for cooperatively utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN114480859A CN114480859A CN202210005430.7A CN202210005430A CN114480859A CN 114480859 A CN114480859 A CN 114480859A CN 202210005430 A CN202210005430 A CN 202210005430A CN 114480859 A CN114480859 A CN 114480859A
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- red mud
- iron ore
- ore sintering
- dust removal
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 calcium-silicon-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
- B03C1/015—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by chemical treatment imparting magnetic properties to the material to be separated, e.g. roasting, reduction, oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/08—Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
- C22B34/1222—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes using a halogen containing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2200/00—Recycling of non-gaseous waste material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cooperatively utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash. The method comprises the steps of mixing raw materials including the red mud, the iron ore sintering dust and solid fuel for agglomeration, drying and roasting the obtained agglomerates in sequence, recovering non-ferrous metal-containing components from flue gas, crushing and grinding the remaining solid roasted product, recovering iron-containing components by magnetic separation, and using the magnetic separation tailings as a calcium-silicon-aluminum system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for cooperatively utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash, in particular to a method for realizing cooperative hazard waste cooperative harmless and recycling by simultaneously recovering nonferrous metal-containing components and iron-containing components and obtaining a high-activity calcium-silicon-aluminum system by utilizing the red mud and the iron ore sintering dedusting ash through high-temperature roasting and magnetic separation, belonging to the technical field of cooperative hazard waste harmless and recycling comprehensive utilization.
Background
Red mud is the residue produced by leaching bauxite with strong base during the production of alumina. According to statistics, 1-1.6 tons of red mud can be generated when 1 ton of alumina is produced. China is a big country for producing alumina, more than 8000 million tons of red mud are produced in 2020, and the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 10 percent. The large amount of red mud not only occupies land, but also brings serious threat to the ecological environment due to strong alkalinity and high heavy metal element content. At present, the method of gradually extracting valuable metals in the red mud is mostly adopted for recovering the valuable metals, and the method has the advantages of long flow, complex treatment process and high energy consumption.
In addition, 10.65 hundred million tons of crude steel are produced in 2020 in China. Sintering is used as the first high-temperature process of steel production and has the purposes of agglomeration and harmful element removal. A large amount of dust generated in the sintering process is rich in chlorine, alkali metal, iron, calcium and other components. Because of high content of chlorine and alkali metal, the iron and steel is difficult to be directly digested and reused in the production process of steel. At present, alkali metal and chlorine-containing components in sintering dust removal ash are mostly removed by adopting water washing pretreatment, and then the sintering dust removal ash is added into sintering ingredients for recycling. The washing process not only consumes a large amount of fresh water resources, but also has high treatment difficulty of the obtained high-salinity wastewater and low added value of products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of large production amount of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash, high content of toxic and harmful components and low resource degree in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for full-component cooperative utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash, which makes full use of the composition characteristics of high content of nonferrous metals such as titanium, lead, zinc and nickel in the red mud and the chlorine-rich content of the iron ore sintering dedusting ash, converts the nonferrous metals in the red mud into chloride salt components with low boiling point by roasting the red mud and the iron ore sintering dedusting ash at high temperature, thereby being capable of recycling from flue gas, simultaneously converts iron in the red mud into magnetic iron ore which can be recycled by magnetic separation, and the main component of the remaining magnetic separation solid residue is a high-activity calcium-silicon-aluminum system which is a good cement admixture or alkali excitation material, and simultaneously realizes the degradation of dioxin pollutants in the iron ore sintering dedusting ash in the high-temperature roasting process, realizes the synchronous harmlessness and full component recycling of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dedusting ash, and has important significance for resource recycling and ecological environment protection.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a method for cooperatively utilizing all components of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash, which comprises the steps of mixing raw materials including the red mud, the iron ore sintering dedusting ash and solid fuel for agglomeration, drying and roasting the obtained agglomerates in sequence, recovering non-ferrous metal-containing components from flue gas, crushing and grinding the remaining solid roasting product, recovering iron-containing components by adopting magnetic separation, and obtaining calcium-silicon-aluminum system from magnetic separation tailings.
The key point of the technical scheme is that the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash are matched for synergistic treatment, chloride salt components in the iron ore sintering dust removal ash are utilized to chloridize and volatilize nonferrous metal components in the red mud, so that the nonferrous metal components in the red mud are subjected to chlorination reaction to generate low-boiling point nonferrous metal chloride, the low-boiling point nonferrous metal chloride is efficiently volatilized into flue gas, the capture of the nonferrous metal components is realized in a flue gas purification unit, high-grade nonferrous metal components can be obtained, and meanwhile, the roasting condition is controlled in the high-temperature roasting process, so that the weak-magnetic Fe in the red mud2O3Reduction to magnetic Fe3O4Or metallic iron, thereby being beneficial to magnetic separation and recovery, in addition, the decomposition of dioxin in iron ore sintering dust removal ash is also utilized in the high-temperature process, and the main component of the solid-phase residue after roasting is CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The method can be used for cement admixture or alkali-activated material raw materials, and realizes synchronous harmless and full-component recycling of the red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash.
As a preferred scheme, the iron grade of the red mud is more than 10%. Specifically, the red mud is at least one of red mud generated in alumina production by a Bayer process, a mixed combination process or a sintering process.
As a preferable scheme, the mole ratio of chlorine to nonferrous metals in the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash mixture meets the following requirements: n (Cl)/[4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni) ] is 0.9 to 1.2. The content of chlorine is very important for the volatilization process of nonferrous metals, the nonferrous metal residue can be caused when the content of chlorine is too low, the recovery rate is reduced, the iron recovery in the solid-state roasting product can be adversely affected when the content of chlorine is too high, and in addition, HCl is easily generated at high temperature by chlorine-containing components when the content of chlorine is too high, so that the corrosion of equipment is aggravated.
Preferably, the mass of the solid fuel accounts for 5-30% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the solid fuel is measured by the fixed carbon content. The solid fuel can provide a reducing environment, so that the efficient chlorination and volatilization of the nonferrous metal are realized, and simultaneously, the ferric oxide can be converted into magnetic elementary substance iron or ferroferric oxide.
As a preferable scheme, the raw materials also comprise a binder with the mass percentage of less than or equal to 5 percent, such as bentonite and the like.
As a preferable scheme, the drying temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the drying time is 30-180 min.
As a preferable scheme, the roasting temperature is 800-1100 ℃, and the roasting time is 5-60 min. The low reaction rate and low reaction degree caused by the low roasting temperature, and the high temperature can cause the solid substance to melt and further adhere to the furnace lining, thus causing adverse effect on the service life of the equipment, and in addition, the high temperature can increase the energy consumption of the treatment process. The roasting temperature of the further optimized scheme is 900-1000 ℃.
As a preferable scheme, the solid roasted product is ground to a powder with a mass fraction of-200 meshes of more than 90%.
Preferably, the magnetic field intensity for magnetic separation is 0.05-0.5T.
Preferably, the iron ore sintering dust removal ash is solid waste captured from a flue gas purification/dust removal system of a sintering machine in a steel sintering production process.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages and beneficial technical effects as follows:
1) the method utilizes the red mud and the iron ore sintering dedusting ash to carry out cooperative treatment, utilizes the chloride component in the iron ore sintering dedusting ash to carry out chlorination volatilization on the nonferrous metal component in the red mud, leads the nonferrous metal component in the red mud to carry out chlorination reaction, generates the low-boiling point nonferrous metal chloride to efficiently volatilize into flue gas, realizes the capture of the nonferrous metal component in the flue gas purification unit, can obtain high-grade nonferrous metal component, and simultaneously leads the Fe with weak magnetism in the red mud to be subjected to roasting condition control in the high-temperature roasting process2O3Reduction to magnetic Fe3O4Or metallic iron, thereby being beneficial to magnetic separation and recovery, in addition, the decomposition of dioxin in iron ore sintering dust removal ash is also utilized in the high-temperature process, and the main component of the solid-phase residue after roasting is CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The method can be used for cement admixture or alkali-activated material raw materials, and realizes synchronous harmless and full-component recycling of the red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash.
2) The method does not need to remove alkaline components in the red mud in advance or carry out water washing pretreatment on the iron ore sintering dust, reduces unnecessary pretreatment links of materials, and reduces the cost and potential environmental hazard in the material treatment process.
3) The invention develops a full-component synergistic utilization process based on the physicochemical characteristics of the red mud iron ore sintering dedusting ash, and the process has the characteristics of strong operability, low cost and suitability for large-scale production. Has important significance for resource recycling and ecological environment protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the full-component synergistic utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described in more complete detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available products or products obtained by a known method.
In the following examples, the main component of red mud is SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2And the iron grade is more than 10 percent, and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash contains a certain amount of nonferrous metal components such as Pb, Zn, Ni and the like besides components such as Fe, Na, K, Cl and the like. The specific components are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of red mud and iron ore sintering fly ash (%)
| TFe | SiO2 | CaO | Al2O3 | K2O | Na2O | Cl | Pb | Zn | Ni | |
| Red mud | 41.3 | 5.5 | 10.2 | 23.0 | 0.9 | 1.8 | - | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Iron ore sintering dust removal ash | 37.8 | 4.2 | 6.7 | 2.14 | 12.1 | 1.3 | 15.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: (n (cl)/4n (ti) +2n (pb) +2n (zn) +2n (ni)) 0.5.
The removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni in the high-temperature roasting process are respectively 9.7%, 22.5%, 17.8% and 14.9%. The chlorine ratio is too low, which affects the recovery efficiency of nonferrous metals.
The iron grade obtained by magnetic separation is 48.27%, and the recovery rate is 61.3% of iron ore concentrate.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: (n (cl)/4n (ti) +2n (pb) +2n (zn) +2n (ni)) 1.6.
The removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni in the high-temperature roasting process are respectively 31.5%, 52.8%, 51.7% and 49.5%.
And carrying out magnetic separation to obtain iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 50.13% and the recovery rate of 52.5%. It is shown that the recovery efficiency of iron is obviously influenced by the high content ratio of chlorine.
Example 1
Sintering the red mud and iron ore to remove dust, coke and bentonite according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni)) 0.9, coke 15% and bentonite 2%, drying at 80 deg.C for 120min, and calcining at 900 deg.C for 60minCollecting non-ferrous metal components in the flue gas, wherein the dioxin concentration in the flue gas is lower than the national standard GB18484-2001 and is less than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm3And cooling the solid-state roasting product to room temperature, analyzing chemical components of the solid-state roasting product, calculating the removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni to be 38.5%, 52.1%, 47.3% and 39.6 respectively in the high-temperature roasting process based on the chemical composition and the proportion of the original material and the chemical composition and the mass change of the solid-state product, then grinding the solid-state roasting product to the content of minus 200 meshes of 90%, and carrying out magnetic separation under the strength of 0.2T of the magnetic field intensity to obtain iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 53.41% and the recovery rate of 72.6%. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is high-activity CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The heavy metal leaching toxicity of the system is far lower than the limit of hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 2
Sintering red mud and iron ore to remove dust, anthracite and mineral powder binder according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni)) (1.0), 30% anthracite coal, 5% mineral powder binder, drying at 150 deg.C for 90min, calcining at 1100 deg.C for 30min, collecting the non-ferrous metal-containing components in flue gas whose dioxin concentration is lower than national standard GB18484-2001 and is less than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm3The solid-state roasting product is cooled to room temperature and the chemical components of the solid-state roasting product are analyzed, based on the chemical composition and the proportion of the original material and the chemical composition and the mass change of the solid-state product, the removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni in the high-temperature roasting process are calculated to be 41.7%, 54.8%, 73.1% and 44.6%, then the Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni are ground to 90% of minus 200 meshes, magnetic separation is carried out under the strength of 0.5T of the magnetic field intensity, and iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 60.03% and the recovery rate of 86.7% is obtained. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is high-activity CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The heavy metal leaching toxicity of the system is far lower than the limit of hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 3
Sintering the red mud and iron ore to remove dust, coke powder and bentonite according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni)) (1.2), 5% coke powder and 2% bentoniteMixing, extruding into blocks with particle size of 10-12mm, drying at 120 deg.C for 110min, baking at 1000 deg.C for 45min, collecting non-ferrous metal-containing components in flue gas with dioxin concentration lower than national standard GB18484-2001 and TEQ/Nm less than 0.5ng3And cooling the solid-state roasting product to room temperature, analyzing chemical components of the solid-state roasting product, calculating the removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni to be 40.6%, 58.2%, 77.3% and 43.1% respectively based on the chemical composition and the proportion of the original material and the chemical composition and mass change of the solid-state product in the high-temperature roasting process, then grinding the solid-state roasting product to the content of minus 200 meshes of 90%, and carrying out magnetic separation under the strength of 0.05T of the magnetic field intensity to obtain iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 51.25% and the recovery rate of 66.8%. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is high-activity CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The heavy metal leaching toxicity of the system is far lower than the limit of hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Example 4
Sintering the red mud and iron ore to remove dust, coal powder and organic binder according to the following steps: (n (Cl)/4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni)) (1.05), 15% of coal powder, 3% of organic binder, uniformly mixing, pressing into lumps with the particle size of 10-12mm, drying at 120 ℃ for 120min, roasting the dried lumps at 1000 ℃ for 45min, collecting non-ferrous metal-containing components in flue gas, wherein the dioxin concentration in the flue gas is lower than national standard GB18484-2001 and is less than 0.5ng TEQ/Nm3And cooling the solid-state roasting product to room temperature, analyzing chemical components of the solid-state roasting product, calculating the removal rates of Ti, Pb, Zn and Ni in the high-temperature roasting process to be 41.7%, 50.2%, 69.8% and 42.9% respectively based on the chemical composition and the proportion of the original material and the chemical composition and the mass change of the solid-state product, then grinding the solid-state roasting product to the content of minus 200 meshes of 90%, and carrying out magnetic separation under the strength of 0.25T of the magnetic field intensity to obtain iron ore concentrate with the iron grade of 56.42% and the recovery rate of 73.6%. The main component of the magnetic separation tailings is high-activity CaO-SiO2-Al2O3The heavy metal leaching toxicity of the system is far lower than the limit of hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
Claims (9)
1. A method for the full-component synergistic utilization of red mud and iron ore sintering dedusting ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing raw materials including red mud, iron ore sintering dust removal ash and solid fuel for agglomeration, drying and roasting the obtained agglomerates in sequence, recovering nonferrous metal-containing components from flue gas, crushing and grinding the rest solid roasted product, recovering iron-containing components by adopting magnetic separation, and using a calcium-silicon-aluminum system as tailings of the magnetic separation.
2. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the iron grade of the red mud is more than 10 percent.
3. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to the claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the mole ratio of chlorine to nonferrous metal in the mixture of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash meets the following requirements: n (Cl)/[4n (Ti) +2n (Pb) +2n (Zn) +2n (Ni) ] is 0.9-1.2.
4. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass of the solid fuel accounts for 5-30% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the solid fuel is measured by the fixed carbon content of the solid fuel.
5. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the raw materials also comprise a binder with the mass percentage content of less than or equal to 5 percent.
6. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the drying time is 30-180 min.
7. The method for the synergistic utilization of the whole components of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the roasting temperature is 800-1100 ℃, and the roasting time is 5-60 min.
8. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and grinding the solid roasted product to-200 meshes by mass, wherein the mass fraction of the solid roasted product is more than 90%.
9. The method for the full-component synergistic utilization of the red mud and the iron ore sintering dust removal ash according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation is 0.05-0.5T.
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