CN113462902A - Method for recovering nonferrous metal from smelting waste residue - Google Patents
Method for recovering nonferrous metal from smelting waste residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN113462902A CN113462902A CN202110769585.3A CN202110769585A CN113462902A CN 113462902 A CN113462902 A CN 113462902A CN 202110769585 A CN202110769585 A CN 202110769585A CN 113462902 A CN113462902 A CN 113462902A
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- iron
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B15/00—Other processes for the manufacture of iron from iron compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering nonferrous metals from smelting waste residues, which comprises the following steps: adding water and a reducing agent into smelting waste residues serving as raw materials, mixing, and drying to ensure that the water content is 3-6%; obtaining a mixture after reduction, wherein smelting waste residues comprise steelmaking smoke dust and iron-containing waste residues obtained after copper-nickel pyrometallurgy; performing high-temperature reaction to obtain iron oxide residues and flue gas containing nonferrous metals; cooling, crushing and grinding the iron oxide residues to prepare ore pulp with the granularity less than 120 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to separate iron ore concentrate containing more than 60% of Fe; the flue gas containing non-ferrous metals enters a bag-type dust remover after being settled and passing through a surface cooler, and finally enters an enrichment system to finish the recovery of the non-ferrous metals. The invention has simple operation, high thermal efficiency, low production cost and high comprehensive utilization rate, and is a reasonable recovery of nonferrous metals in steelmaking dust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering non-ferrous metal, in particular to a method for recovering non-ferrous metal from smelting waste slag.
Background
Smelting waste residues: comprises steelmaking soot, iron-containing waste slag after copper-nickel pyrometallurgy and the like. Iron-containing waste slag produced by metallurgy of nonferrous metals such as copper, nickel and the like. If the waste slag is directly discharged, the environment is seriously influenced.
The output of the smoke dust in steel making (electric furnace and converter) can reach 1-2 times of the charging amount in steel making, the smoke dust is extremely fine particles, the particles with the particle size of below 20 mu m generally account for more than 85 percent of the total amount, the chemical composition is relatively complex, the smoke dust not only contains a certain amount of iron and carbon, but also contains a small amount of nonferrous metals such as zinc, lead, tin, copper, bismuth and the like, rare and precious metals such as indium, germanium, gold, silver and the like, and also contains various harmful substances such as metals such as lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, cyanogen and the like and compounds thereof, and the smoke dust in steel making is extremely harmful solid waste. From the aspects of circular economy and environmental protection, the method is a secondary resource capable of recovering nonferrous metals, rare and precious metals and iron metals. At present, the steelmaking smoke dust is treated by a rotary kiln, a distillation furnace, a shaft furnace and a blast furnace, the principle is the same, and the smoke dust is subjected to carbothermic reduction volatilization so as to recover zinc, lead, cadmium, germanium and the like in the smoke dust. For example, the rotary kiln recovery processing method is to mix the steelmaking dust with a large amount of reducing agents such as coke powder (the mixing ratio is generally 1:3, namely 1 ton of metal zinc needs to be added with 3 tons of coke powder) and then put into the rotary kiln to be heated and volatilized, generally, the reducing gas content is controlled at the higher temperature of the rotary kiln (the middle part of the rotary kiln) to reduce the oxides of zinc, lead, cadmium, germanium and the like in the ironmaking dust into metals, because the boiling points of the metals are lower and the vapor pressure of the metals at the high temperature is larger, the reduced metals enter a gas phase in the form of vapor and enter a dust collection system along with flue gas, because of the air leakage of the dust collection system, the metal vapor is oxidized into the oxide state after the air enters, and finally the metal vapor is collected in the dust collection system in the form of lead-containing zinc oxide powder, the method has the disadvantages that the high boiling point colored and rare noble metals such as tin, copper, bismuth, indium, gold, silver and the like are reduced without forming vapor and have smaller vapor pressure, the residue which is not gasified and volatilized and remains in the volatilized residue (kiln slag) is generally treated as waste slag or sent to a cement plant for treatment, and even if the separated iron ore concentrate enters a steel making system again, the iron ore concentrate is not recovered. In addition, the waste heat utilization is poor, iron in the steelmaking smoke dust enters the rotary kiln slag, and the low grade (containing 30-40% of iron) can not be directly used as a raw material for steelmaking of products (requiring more than 50% of iron), so that the iron is generally sent to a slag yard for stockpiling or a cement plant for producing cement. It has also been reported that after water quenching of kiln slag, soaking in water to avoid reoxidation, and separating fine iron powder (ferroferric oxide) and waste slag by ball milling-magnetic separation-gravity separation combined separation process, the recovery rate of iron is 50%, and the separated iron concentrate is used as raw material in steel mill, and its value is also low. In short, the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is low.
At present, in the metallurgical industry, iron oxide scales are generally used as sintering raw materials, and large-scale industrial production is formed. The steelmaking dust removal sludge is steelmaking dust collected in a wet dedusting mode in the converter steelmaking process. It contains more than 20% of metallic iron. The steel rolling dust-removing sludge is steel rolling dust collected in a wet dust-removing mode in the steel rolling production process, and contains more than 20% of metallic iron. The blast furnace dust is collected by a dry method and a wet method in the blast furnace ironmaking process, and contains more than 40% of carbon. In order to effectively utilize resources, the metallurgical industry generally uses the metallurgical waste as a sintering raw material at present, and large-scale industrial production is formed. The utilization of the iron scale, the steelmaking dust-removing sludge, the steel rolling dust-removing sludge and the blast furnace dust-removing ash has the defects of low added value and incapability of making the best use of the materials. If blast furnace dust is used as a sintering raw material, the advantage of high carbon content of about 40 percent is not fully utilized. If the resources are reasonably utilized, the production cost can be reduced, and the effects of environmental protection and energy conservation can be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for recovering nonferrous metals from smelting waste slag.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for recovering nonferrous metals from smelting waste slag comprises the following steps:
adding water and a reducing agent into smelting waste residues serving as raw materials, mixing, and drying to ensure that the water content is 3-6%; obtaining a mixture after reduction, wherein smelting waste residues comprise steelmaking smoke dust and iron-containing waste residues obtained after copper-nickel pyrometallurgy;
performing high-temperature reaction to obtain iron oxide residues and flue gas containing nonferrous metals;
cooling, crushing and grinding the iron oxide residues to prepare ore pulp with the granularity less than 120 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to separate iron ore concentrate containing more than 60% of Fe;
the flue gas containing non-ferrous metals enters a bag-type dust remover after being settled and passing through a surface cooler, and finally enters an enrichment system to finish the recovery of the non-ferrous metals.
The reducing agent comprises a chlorinating agent and coal powder.
The flue gas containing the nonferrous metals is subjected to closed-circuit flotation: performing closed-circuit flotation on the flue gas by a flotation machine to obtain nonferrous metals; and (3) re-enrichment: and (3) re-enriching the nonferrous metal subjected to closed circuit flotation to obtain a nonferrous metal concentrate with lead content of 33.82-42% and silver content of 2100g/t-3000 g/t.
When the high-turbidity reaction is carried out, the material is placed into a tunnel kiln, the two-stage reaction is carried out in sequence in the process of running in the tunnel kiln, the medium-temperature reaction is firstly carried out, the temperature is heated to 1000-1100 ℃, the time is 60-110 minutes, the chlorinating agent and the nonferrous metal in the steelmaking smoke dust are subjected to chlorination reaction, the generated volatile chloride is volatilized into the smoke gas, and simultaneously the iron-containing residue is obtained; and then carrying out high-temperature reaction, raising the temperature to 1300-1500 ℃, wherein the time is 50-100 minutes, reducing iron in the iron-containing residues into elemental iron, discharging the elemental iron along with the kiln slag, cooling, crushing and ball-milling the kiln slag to prepare slag slurry with the granularity smaller than 60 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to obtain elemental iron powder, wherein the iron content of the elemental iron powder is larger than 86%.
The addition amount of the chlorinating agent is 0.5-3% of the weight ratio of the raw materials; the adding amount of the coal dust is 1-3% of the weight ratio of the raw materials.
The simple substance iron powder is further dried to prepare metallurgical iron powder, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and placing the reduced iron powder in a hydrogen reduction electric furnace, reducing for 1.5-2 h at 800-8500 ℃, grinding and screening after discharging, and producing the commercial metallurgical iron powder with the MFe of more than or equal to 98%.
The invention has simple operation, high thermal efficiency, low production cost and high comprehensive utilization rate, and is a reasonable recovery of nonferrous metals in steelmaking dust.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to further understand the features and technical means of the invention and achieve specific objects and functions.
The invention discloses a method for recovering nonferrous metals from smelting waste slag, which comprises the following steps:
smelting waste residues are used as raw materials, water and a reducing agent are added, the mixture is dried after mixing, the water content is 3-6%, and a mixture after reduction is obtained, wherein the smelting waste residues comprise steelmaking smoke dust and iron-containing waste residues obtained after copper-nickel pyrometallurgy. The steelmaking smoke dust contains various nonferrous metals and iron elements, and if the steelmaking smoke dust is directly discharged, on one hand, the environmental pollution is caused, and on the other hand, the part of resources is wasted. Non-ferrous metals include copper, lead, zinc, bismuth, gold and silver.
High-temperature reaction is carried out to obtain iron oxide residues and flue gas containing nonferrous metals.
The iron oxide residues are cooled, crushed and ground to prepare ore pulp with the granularity less than 120 meshes, and iron ore concentrate with the Fe content more than 60 percent is separated by magnetic separation.
The flue gas containing non-ferrous metals enters a bag-type dust remover after being settled and passing through a surface cooler, and finally enters an enrichment system to finish the recovery of the non-ferrous metals.
The reducing agent comprises a chlorinating agent and coal powder. The chlorinating agent mainly performs chlorination reaction with nonferrous metals.
The flue gas containing the nonferrous metals is subjected to closed-circuit flotation: performing closed-circuit flotation on the flue gas by a flotation machine to obtain nonferrous metals; and (3) re-enrichment: and (3) re-enriching the nonferrous metal subjected to closed circuit flotation to obtain a nonferrous metal concentrate with lead content of 33.82-42% and silver content of 2100g/t-3000 g/t.
When the high-turbidity reaction is carried out, the material is placed into a tunnel kiln, the two-stage reaction is carried out in sequence in the process of running in the tunnel kiln, the medium-temperature reaction is firstly carried out, the temperature is heated to 1000-1100 ℃, the time is 60-110 minutes, the chlorinating agent and the nonferrous metal in the steelmaking smoke dust are subjected to chlorination reaction, the generated volatile chloride is volatilized into the smoke gas, and simultaneously the iron-containing residue is obtained; and then carrying out high-temperature reaction, raising the temperature to 1300-1500 ℃, wherein the time is 50-100 minutes, reducing iron in the iron-containing residues into elemental iron, discharging the elemental iron along with the kiln slag, cooling, crushing and ball-milling the kiln slag to prepare slag slurry with the granularity smaller than 60 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to obtain elemental iron powder, wherein the iron content of the elemental iron powder is larger than 86%.
The addition amount of the chlorinating agent is 0.5-3% of the weight ratio of the raw materials; the adding amount of the coal dust is 1-3% of the weight ratio of the raw materials.
The simple substance iron powder is further dried to prepare metallurgical iron powder, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and placing the reduced iron powder in a hydrogen reduction electric furnace, reducing for 1.5-2 h at 800-8500 ℃, grinding and screening after discharging, and producing the commercial metallurgical iron powder with the MFe of more than or equal to 98%.
And when the intermediate temperature section is carried out, heating for 60min, introducing inert atmosphere for roasting, condensing the roasted flue gas, washing and reducing to obtain the slag containing copper, lead, zinc, bismuth, gold and silver. Different heating times and temperatures are used to achieve different recovery rates.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like can be made in the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments or in some of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments, but those modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like are all within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for recovering nonferrous metals from smelting waste slag comprises the following steps:
adding water and a reducing agent into smelting waste residues serving as raw materials, mixing, and drying to ensure that the water content is 3-6%; obtaining a mixture after reduction, wherein smelting waste residues comprise steelmaking smoke dust and iron-containing waste residues obtained after copper-nickel pyrometallurgy;
performing high-temperature reaction to obtain iron oxide residues and flue gas containing nonferrous metals;
cooling, crushing and grinding the iron oxide residues to prepare ore pulp with the granularity less than 120 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to separate iron ore concentrate containing more than 60% of Fe;
the flue gas containing non-ferrous metals enters a bag-type dust remover after being settled and passing through a surface cooler, and finally enters an enrichment system to finish the recovery of the non-ferrous metals.
2. The method for recovering nonferrous metals from metallurgical slag according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent comprises a chlorinating agent, pulverized coal.
3. A method for recovering non-ferrous metals from metallurgical slag according to claim 2, wherein the flue gas containing non-ferrous metals is subjected to closed-circuit flotation: performing closed-circuit flotation on the flue gas by a flotation machine to obtain nonferrous metals; and (3) re-enrichment: and (3) re-enriching the nonferrous metal subjected to closed circuit flotation to obtain a nonferrous metal concentrate with lead content of 33.82-42% and silver content of 2100g/t-3000 g/t.
4. The method for recovering nonferrous metal from smelting waste slag according to claim 3, wherein the material is placed in a tunnel kiln for carrying out the high turbidity reaction, the reaction is carried out sequentially in two sections in the process of carrying out the reaction in the tunnel kiln, the medium temperature reaction is carried out firstly, the temperature is heated to 1000-1100 ℃ for 60-110 minutes, the chlorinating agent and the nonferrous metal in the steelmaking dust are subjected to the chlorination reaction, the volatile chloride is generated and volatilized into the flue gas, and the iron-containing residue is obtained at the same time; and then carrying out high-temperature reaction, raising the temperature to 1300-1500 ℃, wherein the time is 50-100 minutes, reducing iron in the iron-containing residues into elemental iron, discharging the elemental iron along with the kiln slag, cooling, crushing and ball-milling the kiln slag to prepare slag slurry with the granularity smaller than 60 meshes, and carrying out magnetic separation to obtain elemental iron powder, wherein the iron content of the elemental iron powder is larger than 86%.
5. The method for recovering nonferrous metals from metallurgical slag according to claim 4, wherein the chlorinating agent is added in an amount of 0.5 to 3% by weight based on the weight of the raw materials; the adding amount of the coal dust is 1-3% of the weight ratio of the raw materials.
6. The method for recovering nonferrous metal from smelting slag according to claim 5, wherein the elemental iron powder is further subjected to drying treatment to prepare metallurgical iron powder, specifically: and placing the reduced iron powder in a hydrogen reduction electric furnace, reducing for 1.5-2 h at 800-8500 ℃, grinding and screening after discharging, and producing the commercial metallurgical iron powder with the MFe of more than or equal to 98%.
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| CN115418482A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgy solid waste disposal process adopting iron-based vacuum reduction |
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| CN102703714A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 红河锌联科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing iron powder and recovering nonferrous metal from blast furnace iron making smoke dust |
| CN106282582A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-01-04 | 昆明冶金高等专科学校 | A kind of recovery non-ferrous metal, rare precious metal and method of iron powder from fume from steel making |
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| CN102703714A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 红河锌联科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing iron powder and recovering nonferrous metal from blast furnace iron making smoke dust |
| CN106282582A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-01-04 | 昆明冶金高等专科学校 | A kind of recovery non-ferrous metal, rare precious metal and method of iron powder from fume from steel making |
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| CN115418482A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgy solid waste disposal process adopting iron-based vacuum reduction |
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