CN114479945A - Biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system and use method thereof - Google Patents
Biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 147
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/046—Reducing the tar content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system and a using method thereof. The method can effectively reduce and remove tar in the biomass gasification synthesis gas, can effectively remove the alkali metal catalyst carried in the biomass gasification synthesis gas, and can recycle the alkali metal catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalytic gasification of biomass in energy and chemical industry, and particularly relates to a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system and a using method thereof.
Background
The indirect mixed combustion of biomass and coal has the advantages of no influence of the characteristics of biomass raw materials, wide application range, high unit flexibility and the like, and becomes the most promising biomass energy utilization mode at present. The key point of the indirect biomass blending combustion is gasification, however, a large amount of tar is generated in the biomass gasification process, so that the quality of the synthesis gas is reduced, and the tar condensation can also cause blockage of pipelines and subsequent synthesis gas combustion equipment, which all limit the large-scale application of the biomass gasification. The catalyst is added in the biomass gasification process, so that the generation of tar can be reduced to a certain extent, and the quality of the synthesis gas is improved. The alkali metal is a catalyst which is widely existed in biomass gasification and is low in price, has the advantages of good catalytic effect, stable chemical property, reusability and the like, and is suitable for large-scale utilization, but the existence of the alkali metal can cause the problems of boiler dust deposition, slag bonding, corrosion and SCR catalyst deactivation. That is, when no alkali metal catalyst is added in the biomass gasification process, a large amount of tar exists in the synthesis gas, which not only reduces the quality of the synthesis gas, but also affects subsequent equipment; when the alkali metal catalyst is added in the biomass gasification process, the alkali metal catalyst carried in the synthesis gas enters a boiler, so that adverse effects are caused to subsequent equipment, the alkali metal catalyst is wasted, and the production cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system and a using method thereof, which can effectively reduce and remove tar in biomass gasification synthesis gas, improve the quality of the biomass gasification synthesis gas, prevent the blockage of subsequent equipment such as pipelines and the like caused by the condensation of the tar, simultaneously effectively remove alkali metal catalyst carried in the biomass gasification synthesis gas, prevent the adverse effect on the subsequent equipment caused by the alkali metal entering a boiler, recycle the alkali metal catalyst and reduce the production cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system comprises a gasification furnace, a gas-solid separator, a synthesis gas purification system, a first catalyst regenerator and a catalyst loader, wherein the synthesis gas purification system is used for removing tar in synthesis gas, the first catalyst regenerator is used for recovering an alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, and the catalyst loader is used for loading the alkali metal catalyst into biomass; the biomass output end of the catalyst loader is connected with the first input end of the gasification furnace, the synthesis gas output end of the gasification furnace is connected with the input end of the gas-solid separator, the solid particle output end of the gas-solid separator is connected with the second input end of the gasification furnace, the synthesis gas output end of the gas-solid separator is connected with the input end of the synthesis gas purification system, the output end of the synthesis gas purification system is connected with the first input end of the first catalyst regenerator, the recovered medium output end of the first catalyst regenerator is connected with the input end of the catalyst loader, and the synthesis gas output end of the first catalyst regenerator is used for being connected with synthesis gas combustion equipment.
Further, synthetic gas clean system includes condenser, first-order tar absorber and second grade tar absorber, be provided with the coke that is used for absorbing tar in the second grade tar absorber, the input of condenser with the synthetic gas output of gas-solid separator is connected, the output of condenser with the input of first-order tar absorber is connected, the output of first-order tar absorber with the input of second-order tar absorber is connected, the output of second-order tar absorber with the first input of the first back ware of catalyst is connected.
Further, the device also comprises a second catalyst recoverer, wherein the second catalyst recoverer is used for recovering the alkali metal catalyst in the coke; the coke output end of the gasification furnace is connected with the first input end of the catalyst second recoverer, the recovered medium output end of the catalyst second recoverer is connected with the input end of the catalyst loader, and the coke output end of the catalyst second recoverer is connected with the input end of the secondary tar absorber.
The first input end of the first dryer is connected with the coke output end of the catalyst second recoverer, and the coke output end of the first dryer is connected with the input end of the secondary tar absorber; the first input end of the second dryer is connected with the biomass output end of the catalyst loader, and the biomass output end of the second dryer is connected with the first input end of the gasification furnace.
Further, still include motor, storage hopper and spiral inlet pipe, the motor with the storage hopper is connected, the living beings output of second desicator with the input of storage hopper is connected, the one end of spiral inlet pipe with the output of storage hopper is connected, the other end with the first input of gasifier is connected.
Further, the device comprises a flue gas heat exchanger, a gas separator and a blower, wherein a first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger is used for being connected with a tail flue of the synthetic gas combustion equipment, a first output end of the flue gas heat exchanger is connected with an input end of the gas separator, and the gas separator is used for separating CO2The output end of the air separator is connected with the input end of the air blower, and the output end of the air blower is respectively connected with the second input end of the first catalyst recoverer, the third input end of the gasification furnace and the second input end of the second catalyst recoverer.
Furthermore, a heat-carrying medium output end of the flue gas heat exchanger is respectively connected with a heat-carrying medium input end of the first dryer and a heat-carrying medium input end of the second dryer, and the heat-carrying medium output ends of the first dryer and the second dryer are both connected with the heat-carrying medium input end of the flue gas heat exchanger.
Further, the biomass fuel cell comprises a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is connected with the catalyst loader through a connecting pipe, a movable metal net is further arranged in the catalyst loader in a matched mode, and the aperture of the movable metal net is smaller than the particle size of biomass.
A use method of a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system comprises the following steps: the synthesis gas output end of the first catalyst recovery device is connected with the input end of the synthesis gas combustion device, the catalyst loading device inputs biomass loaded with alkali metal catalyst into the gasification furnace for gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas generated by the gasification furnace is input into the gas-solid separator for gas-solid separation, solid particles separated by the gas-solid separator are input into the gasification furnace for gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas separated by the gas-solid separator is input into the synthesis gas purification system for removing tar, the synthesis gas output by the synthesis gas purification system is input into the first catalyst recovery device for recovering alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas output by the first catalyst recovery device is input into the synthesis gas combustion device for combustion, and a recovery medium containing alkali metal catalyst recovered by the first catalyst recovery device is input into the catalyst loading device And then the waste water is recycled.
Further, still include: inputting the coke discharged from the gasification furnace into the second catalyst recoverer to recover the alkali metal catalyst in the coke, inputting the coke discharged from the second catalyst recoverer into the secondary tar absorber to absorb tar in the synthesis gas, and inputting the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered by the second catalyst recoverer into the catalyst loader to be recycled;
connecting a first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger with a tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion equipment, absorbing heat in tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment by the flue gas heat exchanger, inputting the heat into the first drier and the second drier, and absorbing CO in the tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment by the flue gas heat exchanger2And the gas is separated by the gas separator, then is input into the first catalyst recoverer and the second catalyst recoverer to promote the absorption of the alkali metal catalyst, and is also input into the gasification furnace to participate in gasification reaction as a gasification agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system, when in use, the synthetic gas output end of a first catalyst recovery device is connected with the input end of synthetic gas combustion equipment, an alkali metal catalyst is loaded into biomass by a catalyst loading device, the biomass loaded with the alkali metal catalyst is input into a gasification furnace by the catalyst loading device for gasification reaction to generate synthetic gas, under the catalysis of the alkali metal catalyst, the biomass gasification reaction efficiency is greatly improved, the generation of tar is effectively reduced, the quality of the biomass gasification synthetic gas is improved, meanwhile, the synthetic gas generated by a gasification furnace is input into a gas-solid separator for separation, solid particles separated by the gas-solid separator are input into the gasification furnace for gasification reaction to generate synthetic gas, the synthetic gas separated by the gas-solid separator is input into a synthetic gas purification system for removing tar, and absorbing and removing tar in the synthesis gas again, thereby preventing the blockage of subsequent equipment such as pipelines and the like caused by the condensation of the tar. Meanwhile, the synthesis gas output by the synthesis gas purification system is input into the first catalyst recovery device, and the alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas is recovered by utilizing the recovery medium in the first catalyst recovery device, so that the synthesis gas output by the first catalyst recovery device does not carry the alkali metal catalyst, namely, the alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas is removed before the synthesis gas enters the combustion equipment for combustion, and the adverse effect of the alkali metal catalyst on subsequent equipment is avoided. In addition, the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered in the first catalyst recovery device is input into the catalyst loading device, and the alkali metal catalyst is loaded into the biomass again, so that the alkali metal catalyst is continuously recycled. In conclusion, the method can effectively reduce and remove tar in the biomass gasification synthesis gas, improve the quality of the biomass gasification synthesis gas, prevent the blockage of subsequent equipment such as pipelines and the like caused by the condensation of the tar, simultaneously effectively remove the alkali metal catalyst carried in the biomass gasification synthesis gas, prevent the adverse effect on the subsequent equipment caused by the alkali metal entering a boiler, recycle the alkali metal catalyst and reduce the production cost.
Furthermore, the synthesis gas purification system designed by the invention comprises a condenser, a first-level tar absorber and a second-level tar absorber, wherein the condenser is used for reducing the temperature of the synthesis gas to a set temperature, macromolecular tar is directly condensed and removed, the first-level tar absorber is used for absorbing uncondensed tar and removing the tar again, and finally coke in the second-level tar absorber is used for absorbing and removing a small amount of light tar which is not removed in the first-level tar absorber and is present in the synthesis gas, so that the aim of purifying the synthesis gas is finally achieved, the removal of the tar is effectively ensured, and the problems of blockage and the like caused by the fact that the tar enters subsequent equipment are solved.
Further, the invention utilizes the second catalyst recoverer to recover the alkali metal catalyst carried in the coke output by the gasification furnace, and then inputs the recovered alkali metal catalyst into the catalyst loader again to realize the continuous cyclic utilization of the alkali metal catalyst. Meanwhile, coke is input into the secondary tar absorber to absorb tar, so that the utilization of system resources is effectively realized.
Furthermore, the coke output by the catalyst second recoverer is dried by the first dryer and then is supplied to the secondary tar absorber, and the absorption effect of the dried coke on the tar is effectively enhanced. In the same way, the second dryer is used for drying the biomass particles output by the catalyst loader, so that the gasification efficiency is improved.
Further, utilize the storage hopper to save the biomass to utilize the motor to pass through the screw feed pipe with the living beings granule and carry for the gasifier, the screw feed pipe can make the feeding even, is favorable to going on evenly continuously of living beings gasification reaction.
Furthermore, the first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger is connected with the tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion equipment, and part of CO in the tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment is converted into CO2The gas is separated by the gas separator and then is input into the first catalyst recoverer and the second catalyst recoverer to create an acidic environment, which is favorable for promoting extraction synthesisAlkali metal catalyst in the formed gas and coke, and CO in the tail gas of the synthetic gas combustion equipment2The gas is input into the gasification furnace as a gasification agent to participate in the gasification reaction, thereby improving the efficiency of the gasification reaction and reducing CO2And discharging, thereby realizing win-win of environmental protection and economic benefit.
Furthermore, the first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger is connected with the tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion equipment, heat in tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment is absorbed by the flue gas heat exchanger and then is input into the first dryer and the second dryer, and the first dryer and the second dryer are respectively used for providing heat for the first dryer and the second dryer, so that the utilization of flue gas waste heat is realized.
Further, a vacuum pump is utilized to create a negative pressure condition for the catalyst loader, so that the alkali metal catalyst in the catalyst loader can be loaded into the biomass. In addition, the biomass particles are immersed in the alkali metal catalyst by utilizing the movable metal net, so that the loading efficiency of the alkali metal catalyst is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a syngas purification system in a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a motor; 2-a storage hopper; 3-a spiral feeding pipe; 4-gasification furnace; 5-gas-solid separator; 6-a first valve; 7-a syngas purification system; 701-a condenser; 702-a primary tar absorber; 703-a secondary tar absorber; 8-a first reclaimer of the catalyst; 9-a syngas combustion plant; 10-flue gas heat exchanger; 11-a gas separator; 12-a blower; 13-a third valve; 14-a fourth valve; 15-a fifth valve; 16-a first dryer; 17-a second dryer; 18-a second valve; 19-a second recoverer of catalyst; 20-a catalyst support; 21-connecting pipe; 22-a movable metal mesh; 23-a vacuum pump; 24-biomass particles.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system includes a gasification furnace 4, a gas-solid separator 5, a syngas purification system 7, a catalyst first recovery device 8, and a catalyst loading device 20. The synthetic gas purification system 7 is used for removing tar in the synthetic gas, preferably, three absorption devices are arranged in the synthetic gas purification system 7 to remove tar in the synthetic gas, specifically, the synthetic gas purification system 7 comprises a condenser 701, a first-level tar absorber 702 and a second-level tar absorber 703, the output end of the condenser 701 is connected with the input end of the first-level tar absorber 702, the output end of the first-level tar absorber 702 is connected with the input end of the second-level tar absorber 703, wherein the condenser 701 is used for reducing the synthetic gas to about 50 ℃, and at the moment, macromolecular tar can be directly condensed, so that tar in the synthetic gas is removed; the first-stage tar absorber 702 adopts a vegetable oil absorber for absorbing the uncondensed tar, and the synthetic gas is introduced into a container filled with the vegetable oil, so that the medium-level tar can be combined with the vegetable oil, thereby achieving the effect of removing the tar; the second tar absorber 703 adopts a fixed bed filter for absorbing and removing a small amount of light tar in the syngas, which is not removed in the first tar absorber 702, and coke is laid on the fixed bed filter, so that the purpose of purifying the syngas is achieved by absorbing the light tar with the coke. The first catalyst reclaimer 8 is used for reclaiming the alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, namely, recycling AAEMs (alkali and alkaline earth metals) contained in the synthesis gas. The catalyst loader 20 is used for loading an alkali metal catalyst into the biomass, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a vacuum pump 23 is connected to the catalyst loader 20 through a connecting pipe 21, and the vacuum pump 23 is used for creating a vacuum environment for the catalyst loader 20, so that the alkali metal catalyst is better loaded into the biomass particles 24; the movable metal net 22 is also arranged in the catalyst loader 20 in a matching manner, biomass particles cannot penetrate through the movable metal net 22, and the movable metal net 22 is utilized to immerse the biomass particles into the alkali metal catalyst solution, so that the alkali metal catalyst is uniformly loaded into the biomass particles.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the biomass output end of the catalyst loader 20 is connected to the first input end of the gasification furnace 4, the syngas output end of the gasification furnace 4 is connected to the input end of the gas-solid separator 5, the solid particle output end of the gas-solid separator 5 is connected to the second input end of the gasification furnace 4, the syngas output end of the gas-solid separator 5 is connected to the input end of the syngas purification system 7, the output end of the syngas purification system 7 is connected to the first input end of the first catalyst regenerator 8, that is, the syngas output end of the gas-solid separator 5 is connected to the input end of the condenser 701, the output end of the secondary tar absorber 703 is connected to the first input end of the first catalyst regenerator 8, the recycling medium output end of the first catalyst regenerator 8 is connected to the input end of the catalyst loader 20, and the syngas output end of the first catalyst regenerator 8 is used for connecting to the input end of the syngas combustion device 9. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a first valve 6 is disposed between the output end of the recovered medium of the first catalyst regenerator 8 and the input end of the catalyst loader 20, and the timing and the input flow rate of the recovered medium of the first catalyst regenerator 8 into the catalyst loader 20 are controlled by the first valve 6, so as to improve the utilization rate of the recovered medium in the first catalyst regenerator 8.
That is, in use, the syngas output of the catalyst first reclaimer 8 is connected to the input of a syngas combustion device 9, in this embodiment, the syngas combustion device 9 is a boiler. After the biomass particles and the alkali metal catalyst solution are added to the catalyst loader 20, the vacuum pump 23 is started, and simultaneously the biomass particles are immersed in the alkali metal catalyst solution by using the movable metal mesh 22, so that the biomass particles are fully contacted with the alkali metal catalyst solution, thereby realizing uniform alkali metal catalyst loading. Then inputting the biomass particles loaded with the alkali metal catalyst in the catalyst loader 20 into the gasification furnace 4 for gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, inputting the synthesis gas generated by the gasification furnace 4 into the gas-solid separator 5 for gas-solid separation, inputting the separated solid particles into the gasification furnace 4 by the gas-solid separator 5 for gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, inputting the separated synthesis gas into the synthesis gas purification system 7 by the gas-solid separator 5 for removing tar, inputting the output synthesis gas into the first catalyst regenerator 8 by the synthesis gas purification system 7 for recovering the alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, inputting the output synthesis gas into the synthesis gas combustion device 9 by the first catalyst regenerator 8 for combustion, inputting the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered by the first catalyst regenerator 8 into the catalyst loader 20 by controlling the first valve 6, realizing the recycling of the alkali metal catalyst.
In addition to the above embodiments, as a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system of the present invention further includes a second catalyst recovery unit 19, and the second catalyst recovery unit 19 is configured to recover the alkali metal catalyst in the char. Specifically, the coke output end of the gasification furnace 4 is connected with the first input end of the catalyst second recoverer 19, the recovery medium output end of the catalyst second recoverer 19 is connected with the input end of the catalyst loader 20, and the coke output end of the catalyst second recoverer 19 is connected with the output end of the secondary tar absorber 703. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a second valve 18 is provided between the output end of the recovery medium of the second catalyst recoverer 19 and the input end of the catalyst loader 20, and the timing and the input flow rate of the recovery medium of the second catalyst recoverer 19 to the catalyst loader 20 are controlled by the second valve 18, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the recovery medium in the second catalyst recoverer 19.
That is, the coke discharged from the gasification furnace 4 is fed into the second catalyst recovery unit 19 to recover the alkali metal catalyst in the coke, the second catalyst recovery unit 19 recovers and utilizes the alkali metal catalyst in the coke, the coke discharged from the second catalyst recovery unit 19 is fed into the secondary tar absorber 703 to absorb tar in the syngas, and the coke is recovered and utilized, and the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered by the second catalyst recovery unit 19 is fed into the catalyst carrier 20 by controlling the second valve 18, thereby recycling and utilizing the alkali metal catalyst.
In addition to the above embodiments, as a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system of the present invention further includes a first dryer 16, wherein a first input end of the first dryer 16 is connected to a char output end of the second catalyst reclaimer 19, and a char output end d1 of the first dryer 16 is connected to an input end of the secondary tar absorber 703.
That is, the coke output from the second catalyst recovery unit 19 is dried by the first dryer 16 and then supplied to the secondary tar absorber 703 to absorb the tar in the syngas, thereby effectively enhancing the absorption effect.
In addition to the above embodiments, as a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system of the present invention further includes a motor 1, a storage hopper 2, a spiral feed pipe 3, and a second dryer 17, wherein a first input end of the second dryer 17 is connected to a biomass output end of the catalyst loader 20, a biomass output end a1 of the second dryer 17 is connected to an input end a2 of the storage hopper 2, the motor 1 is connected to the storage hopper 2, one end of the spiral feed pipe 3 is connected to an output end of the storage hopper 2, and the other end is connected to a first input end of the gasification furnace 4.
That is, after the biomass particles output from the catalyst supporter 20 are dried by the second dryer 17, the dried biomass particles are input to the storage hopper 2 to be stored, and the biomass particles are conveyed to the gasification furnace 4 through the screw feed pipe 3 by the motor 1.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as a more preferable embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system of the present invention further includes a flue gas heat exchanger 10, a gas separator 11 and a blower 12, a first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is used for connecting a tail flue of the syngas combustion device 9, a first output end of the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is connected with an input end of the gas separator 11, and the gas separator 11 is used for separating CO to obtain CO2The output end of the gas-gas separator 11 is connected with the input end of a blower 12, and the output end of the blower 12 is respectively connected with the second input end of the catalyst first recoverer 8, the third input end of the gasification furnace 4 and the second input end of the catalyst second recoverer 19. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a third valve 13 is provided between the output end of the blower 12 and the second input end of the catalyst first recovery unit 8, and the CO is controlled by controlling the third valve 132The content and flow rate of the gas entering the first catalyst reclaimer 8; similarly, a fifth valve 15 and a fourth valve 14 are respectively arranged between the output end of the blower 12 and the third input end of the gasification furnace 4 and the second input end of the catalyst second recovery device 19, and the fifth valve 15 and the fourth valve 14 are controlled to further control CO2The content and flow rate of the gas entering the gasification furnace 4 and the second catalyst recovery unit 19.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the heat carrier output end c1 of the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is connected to the heat carrier input end c2 of the first dryer 16 and the heat carrier input end c3 of the second dryer 17, respectively, and both the heat carrier output end b2 of the first dryer 16 and the heat carrier output end b3 of the second dryer 17 are connected to the heat carrier input end b1 of the flue gas heat exchanger 10, so as to utilize the flue gas waste heat.
That is, when in use, the first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is connected with the tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion device 9, and the heat in partial tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion device 9 is absorbed by the flue gas heat exchanger 10 and then input into the first drying deviceA first drier 16 and a second drier 17 for supplying heat to the first drier 16 and the second drier 17, respectively, and CO in the tail gas of the syngas combustion plant 92The gas separated by the gas separator 11 is introduced into the first catalyst recovery unit 8 and the second catalyst recovery unit 19 to create an acidic environment, thereby promoting the absorption of the alkali metal catalyst, and is also introduced into the gasification furnace 4 as a gasification agent to participate in the gasification reaction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace (4), a gas-solid separator (5), a synthesis gas purification system (7), a first catalyst recovery device (8) and a catalyst loading device (20), wherein the synthesis gas purification system (7) is used for removing tar in synthesis gas, the first catalyst recovery device (8) is used for recovering an alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, and the catalyst loading device (20) is used for loading the alkali metal catalyst into biomass; the biomass output end of the catalyst loader (20) is connected with the first input end of the gasification furnace (4), the synthetic gas output end of the gasification furnace (4) is connected with the input end of the gas-solid separator (5), the solid particle output end of the gas-solid separator (5) is connected with the second input end of the gasification furnace (4), the synthesis gas output end of the gas-solid separator (5) is connected with the input end of the synthesis gas purification system (7), the output end of the synthesis gas purification system (7) is connected with the first input end of the catalyst first regenerator (8), the recycling medium output end of the catalyst first recycling device (8) is connected with the input end of the catalyst loading device (20), and the synthesis gas output end of the catalyst first regenerator (8) is used for connecting with synthesis gas combustion equipment (9).
2. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the syngas purification system (7) comprises a condenser (701), a primary tar absorber (702) and a secondary tar absorber (703), coke for absorbing tar is arranged in the secondary tar absorber (703), the input end of the condenser (701) is connected with the syngas output end of the gas-solid separator (5), the output end of the condenser (701) is connected with the input end of the primary tar absorber (702), the output end of the primary tar absorber (702) is connected with the input end of the secondary tar absorber (703), and the output end of the secondary tar absorber (703) is connected with the first input end of the first catalyst return (8).
3. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 2, further comprising a second catalyst recoverer (19), wherein the second catalyst recoverer (19) is used for recovering alkali metal catalyst in the coke; the coke output end of the gasification furnace (4) is connected with the first input end of the second catalyst recoverer (19), the recovery medium output end of the second catalyst recoverer (19) is connected with the input end of the catalyst loader (20), and the coke output end of the second catalyst recoverer (19) is connected with the input end of the secondary tar absorber (703).
4. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 3, further comprising a first dryer (16) and a second dryer (17), wherein a first input end of the first dryer (16) is connected with a coke output end of the catalyst second recoverer (19), and a coke output end of the first dryer (16) is connected with an input end of the secondary tar absorber (703); the first input end of the second dryer (17) is connected with the biomass output end of the catalyst loader (20), and the biomass output end of the second dryer (17) is connected with the first input end of the gasification furnace (4).
5. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 4, further comprising a motor (1), a storage hopper (2) and a spiral feeding pipe (3), wherein the motor (1) is connected with the storage hopper (2), the biomass output end of the second dryer (17) is connected with the input end of the storage hopper (2), one end of the spiral feeding pipe (3) is connected with the output end of the storage hopper (2), and the other end of the spiral feeding pipe is connected with the first input end of the gasification furnace (4).
6. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 4, further comprising a flue gas heat exchanger (10), a gas separator (11) and a blower (12), wherein a first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger (10) is used for connecting a tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion device (9), a first output end of the flue gas heat exchanger (10) is connected with an input end of the gas separator (11), and the gas separator (11) is used for separating CO to obtain CO2The output end of the gas separator (11) is connected with the input end of the blower (12), and the output end of the blower (12) is respectively connected with the second input end of the catalyst first recoverer (8), the third input end of the gasification furnace (4) and the second input end of the catalyst second recoverer (19).
7. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the heat carrying medium output end of the flue gas heat exchanger (10) is connected with the heat carrying medium input end of the first dryer (16) and the heat carrying medium input end of the second dryer (17), and the heat carrying medium output ends of the first dryer (16) and the second dryer (17) are connected with the heat carrying medium input end of the flue gas heat exchanger (10).
8. The biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising a vacuum pump (23), wherein the vacuum pump (23) is connected with the catalyst loader (20) through a connecting pipe (21), a movable metal mesh (22) is further arranged in the catalyst loader (20) in a matching manner, and the pore diameter of the movable metal mesh (22) is smaller than the particle diameter of the biomass.
9. The use method of the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the synthesis gas output end of the catalyst first recovery device (8) is connected with the input end of the synthesis gas combustion device (9), the catalyst loading device (20) inputs biomass loaded with alkali metal catalyst into the gasification furnace (4) for gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas generated by the gasification furnace (4) is input into the gas-solid separator (5) for gas-solid separation, the solid particles separated by the gas-solid separator (5) are input into the gasification furnace (4) for continuous gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas separated by the gas-solid separator (5) is input into the synthesis gas purification system (7) for removing tar, the synthesis gas output by the synthesis gas purification system (7) is input into the catalyst first recovery device (8) for recovering the alkali metal catalyst in the synthesis gas, and the synthesis gas output by the catalyst first recovery device (8) is input into the synthesis gas combustion device (9) ) And (3) combusting, wherein the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered in the first catalyst recovery device (8) is input into the catalyst loading device (20) for recycling.
10. The use method of the biomass catalytic gasification comprehensive utilization system according to claim 9, further comprising: inputting the coke discharged from the gasification furnace (4) into the second catalyst recoverer (19) to recover the alkali metal catalyst in the coke, inputting the coke output from the second catalyst recoverer (19) into the secondary tar absorber (703) to absorb tar in the synthesis gas, and inputting the recovery medium containing the alkali metal catalyst recovered by the second catalyst recoverer (19) into the catalyst loader (20) to be recycled;
connecting a first input end of the flue gas heat exchanger (10) with a tail flue of the synthesis gas combustion equipment (9), absorbing heat in tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment (9) through the flue gas heat exchanger (10) and inputting the heat into the first drier (16) and the second drier (17), wherein CO in the tail gas of the synthesis gas combustion equipment (9)2The gas is separated by the gas separator (11), then input into the catalyst first recovery device (8) and the catalyst second recovery device (19) to promote the absorption of the alkali metal catalyst, and also input into the gasification furnace (4) to participate in the gasification reaction as a gasification agent.
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