CN114478318B - 二腈异佛尔酮衍生物、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
二腈异佛尔酮衍生物、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种二腈异佛尔酮衍生物、其制备方法及应用,属于医药与化工领域。化合物的结构式如式(I)所示,本发明还涉及其制备方法,本发明另外还涉及式(I)化合物为活性成分的组合物,以及其化合物及组合物在制备抗阿尔茨海默症药物和细胞成像剂中的应用。其中,式(I)中n=1、2、3、4、5、6、7,R为N(CH3)2、N(CH2CH3)2、N(CH3)(CH2CH3),,或,A为CH2、O、NH或NCH3。本发明所涉衍生物对胆碱酯酶具有强抑制活性,而且具有明亮的荧光,可以进行细胞成像。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药与化工领域,具体涉及一种二腈异佛尔酮衍生物、其制备方法及应用。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer disease, AD)是一种慢性神经退行性疾病,是1907年由德国神经病理学家Alois Alzheimer发现的。临床上患者表现出记忆力减退、认知功能障碍、行为异常和社交障碍等,通常病情呈进行性加重,直到完全丧失独立生活能力。目前AD的发病机理还没有被完全阐明,但研究表明低的胆碱能水平、神经元胞内出现神经元纤维缠结和胞外出现淀粉样蛋白沉积都扮演了重要角色。
AD是一种在老年人群体中十分常见的疾病,目前已经成为继肿瘤、心脑血管病之后引起老年人死亡的第三大病因。AD发病随着年龄增加而显著增高,在65岁~75岁的老年人中,发病率是2.5%~4%,在75岁以上的老人中则变成15%。中国阿尔茨海默病协会网站显示,目前,全球AD患者达5200万人,且呈爆发性增长,每3秒新增一个患者。其中,中国患者1000多万人,占世界总病例数的五分之一,给中国造成的社会经济负担高达1.2万亿元每年。据我国最新人口普查数据显示,我国60岁以上的人口已高达2.64亿,老龄化形势十分严峻,随着人口老龄化进程的加快,AD病患者人数也将越来越多。由此可见,AD已经成为严重制约我国人口健康和经济发展重大疾病。
目前,临床上用于治疗AD的药物主要是胆碱脂酶抑制剂。美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)批准治疗AD的药物中,其中他克林(已退市)、多奈哌齐、加兰他敏和利斯的明都是胆碱脂酶抑制剂。我国自主研发的石杉碱甲也是胆碱脂酶抑制剂。这些药物的作用机制是通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE),提高患者脑内乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)的水平,从而提高患者的记忆和认知能力,改善患者症状。然而自2003年以来,已经十多年没有AD新药上市,直到2019年,我国批准的甘露特纳胶囊(GV-971,靶向脑肠轴)、以及2021年FDA批准的Aducanumab(单克隆抗体药物,靶向淀粉样蛋白)用于治疗AD,但一直存在较大争议,其效果还有待于临床上的验证。由此可见,胆碱酯酶抑制剂仍然是目前主流的治疗药物。
双氰基异佛尔酮类化合物具有较好的光学性质,在太阳能电池和光学晶体中得到广泛应用。其中一些化合物具有电子供体-π-受体(D-π-A)结构,使其具有较高的荧光量子产率、大的斯托克斯位移、良好的光稳定性等,可以作为荧光报告基团进行环境监测。另外,通过结构修饰可以使化合物的荧光发射波长位于近红外区,近红外荧光分子因其具有组织穿透能力深、光损伤小、活体组织的背景干扰少的优点,因此具有细胞和生物组织成像的应用潜力。
发明内容
基于以上研究背景,本申请主要以二腈异佛尔酮为基本骨架,在苯环的N原子上进行结构修饰,设计合成了一系列具有近红外荧光发射,并且具有胆碱酯酶抑制活性的二腈异佛尔酮衍生物。本发明涉及式(I)所示的二腈异佛尔酮衍生物或其互变异构体,药用盐,前药或溶剂化物,还包括药用载体、辅剂或赋形剂。
二腈异佛尔酮衍生物,其结构通式如下:
其中,式(I)中n=1~7,R为N(CH3)2、N(CH2CH3)2、N(CH3)(CH2CH3) ),,/>或,A为CH2、O、NH或NCH3。
上文所述药学上可接受的“载体、辅剂或赋形剂”是指药学领域常规的药物载体,例如:稀释剂,赋形剂如水等,填充剂如淀粉蔗糖等;黏合剂如纤维素衍生物、明胶等;另外还可以组合物中加入其他辅料如香味剂、甜味剂等。
本发明的化合物可以作为有利化合物或作为溶剂化物的晶体形式。溶剂化的方法是本领域内公知的,适当的溶剂化物是药用溶剂化物。在具体实施方案中,溶剂化物是水合物。
以下为制备本发明化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
具体制备方法是:
步骤(1):将对氟苯甲醛溶解在DMSO中,加入无水碳酸钾、催化剂Aliquat-336和,加热搅拌至反应完全,蒸除溶剂,加入冰水,乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机相干燥,浓缩纯化得到中间体/>;
步骤(2):将异佛尔酮和丙二腈加入到无水乙醇中,搅拌下加入催化量的哌啶,加热搅拌至反应完全,反应结束后冷却至室温,蒸出溶剂,加入冰水,过滤得到沉淀物,干燥得到中间体;
步骤(3):将步骤(1)和(2)所得的中间体溶解在无水乙醇中,搅拌下加入催化量的哌啶,加热搅拌反应,反应完毕后冷至室温,蒸出溶剂,加入冰水,三氯甲烷萃取,取有机相干燥,浓缩纯化得到式(I)所示化合物。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,对氟苯甲醛、、无水碳酸钾和Aliquat-336的摩尔比为1: (1~2):(1~5):(0.1~0.5),反应温度为80~160℃。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,异佛尔酮、丙二腈和哌啶的摩尔比为1: (1~1.5):(0.05~0.1),反应温度为40~80℃。
进一步地,步骤(3)中,中间体、中间体/>和哌啶的摩尔比为1:(1~1.5):(0.05~0.1),反应温度为50~80℃。
其中步骤(1)和(3)所得产物的纯化优选硅胶柱层析分离,所用的洗脱剂为石油醚(或正己烷),氯仿、二氯甲烷、丙酮、乙酸乙酯或甲醇的任何比例的混合液。步骤(2)所得到的中间体纯化优选重结晶,所用的溶剂可以为石油醚(或正己烷),氯仿、二氯甲烷、丙酮、乙酸乙酯或甲醇的任何比例的混合液。
如果需要,上述步骤所得到的产物也可以通过其他常规方法,如柱层析或结晶法进行纯化。用于制备本发明化合物的上述方法产生顺反或立体异构体的混合物时,这些异构体可以通过常规技术和制备色谱法分离。一种优选的药用形式是结晶形式,包括药物组合物中的这种形式。如果是盐和溶剂化物,另外的离子或溶剂部分也应当是非毒性的。
上述二腈异佛尔酮衍生物在制备抗阿尔茨海默症药物中的应用。
上述二腈异佛尔酮衍生物在制备细胞成像剂中的应用。
本发明另外提供以式(I)化合物为活性成分的药物组合物,其包含本发明的化合物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物,以及药用载体,辅剂或赋形剂。
本发明的化合物可以与其他药物一起制备成组合物,例如制备成复方药物。
由上述结构式(I)表示的化合物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物显示优越的胆碱酯酶抑制活性和细胞、生物组织成像功能。因此本发明另一方面涉及它们以及以它们为活性成分的药物组合物,在治疗、改善或预防阿尔茨海默症及细胞成像方面的应用。
本发明的二腈异佛尔酮衍生物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物可以制备成片剂、丸剂、胶囊、注射剂、悬浮剂或乳剂等。
附图说明
图1是实施例1所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图2是实施例2所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图3是实施例3所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图4是实施例4所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图5是实施例5所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图6是实施例6所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图7是实施例7所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图8是实施例8所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图9是实施例9所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图10是实施例10所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图11是实施例11所得目标产物的1H NMR图谱;
图12为实施例1~11对HepG2细胞的染色和定位。
具体实施方式
以下实施例仅用以对本发明技术方案的进一步举例说明,而不是对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((2-(二甲基氨基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己基-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
具体制备步骤如下:
(1)将对氟苯甲醛(4 mmol)、N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺(4 mmol)、无水碳酸钾(4mmol),Aliquat-336(0.4 mmol)和DMSO(5mL)加入到反应瓶中,120 ℃下搅拌反应24 h。反应完全后冷却至室温,加入50 mL水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,浓缩,剩余物用硅胶柱层析分离,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇(体积比=30:1),得中间体。
(2)将异佛尔酮(10 mmol)和丙二腈(12 mmol)加入到无水乙醇(50 mL)中,搅拌下加入哌啶(1 mmol),60 ℃下搅拌反应24 h。反应完全后冷却至室温,蒸出一半溶剂,将剩余物加入到冰水(100 mL)中,搅拌充分得到沉淀,减压过滤,干燥后得中间体。
(3)将1 mmol步骤(1)所得的中间体和1.2 mmol步骤(2)所得的中间体加入到无水乙醇(30 mL)中,搅拌下加入哌啶(0.1 mmol),75 ℃下搅拌反应24 h,反应完毕后冷至室温,浓缩后加入50 mL水,三氯甲烷萃取三次,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,浓缩后用硅胶柱层析分离,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇(体积比=60:1),得到实施例1化合物。
红色固体,产率31%。1H NMR详见图1,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (s, 1H),7.38 (s, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.0 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 15.0 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s,1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 3.52 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.56(s, 2H), 2.49 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.45 (s, 2H), 2.30 (s, 6H), 1.06 (s, 6H).13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.3, 155.4, 150.3, 138.1, 129.6, 124.2, 123.5,121.4, 114.3, 113.5, 111.8, 75.6, 56.0, 50.9, 46.0, 43.0, 39.2, 38.7, 32.0,28.1. ESI-MS m/z: 375.31 [M+H]+.
实施例2:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((2-(二乙基氨基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己基-2-烯-1-亚基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N,N-二乙基-N’-甲基乙二胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率30%。1H NMR详见图2,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s,1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.68(s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 3.49 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.64 – 2.58(m, 4H), 2.56 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 4H), 2.44 (s, 2H), 1.08 – 1.00 (m, 12H). 13C NMR(75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4, 150.5, 138.3, 129.6, 124.1, 123.3, 121.3,114.3, 113.5, 111.9, 75.5, 52.6, 52.4, 46.8, 43.1, 39.3, 38.4, 32.0, 28.1,25.0, 24.5, 11.4. ESI-MS m/z: 403.22 [M+H]+.
实施例3:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((3-(二甲基氨基)丙基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己基-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N,N-二甲基-N’-甲基丙二胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率35%,1H NMR详见图3,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.70(s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 3.44 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.55 (s, 2H),2.44 (s, 2H), 2.30 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.24 (s, 6H), 1.81 - 1.71 (m, 2H),1.05 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4, 150.6, 138.3, 129.6,124.0, 123.3, 121.2, 114.3, 113.5, 111.9, 75.5, 56.9, 50.3, 45.5, 43.0, 39.3,38.3, 32.0, 28.1, 25.2. ESI-MS m/z: 389.34 [M+H]+.
实施例4:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((3-(二乙基氨基)丙基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己基-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N,N-二乙基-N’-甲基丙二胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率36%,1H NMR详见图4,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.02 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.70(s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 3.42 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.55 (s, 2H),2.53 (s, 2H), 2.51 (s, 2H), 2.47 – 2.41 (m, 4H), 1.78 - 1.69 (m, 2H), 1.06(s, 6H), 1.02 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4,150.6, 138.3, 129.6, 124.0, 123.2, 121.2, 114.4, 113.6, 111.9, 75.4, 50.6,50.3, 46.8, 43.0, 39.2, 38.4, 32.0, 28.1, 24.6, 11.7. ESI-MS m/z: 417.38 [M+H]+.
实施例5:
(E)-2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(4-(甲基(3-(哌啶-1-基)丙基)氨基)苯乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-3-(哌啶-1-基)丙-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率33%。1H NMR详见图5,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.02 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 6.72(s, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 3.43 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 2H),2.45 (s, 2H), 2.38 - 2.33 (m, 4H), 2.29 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.82 - 1.73 (m,2H), 1.62 – 1.57 (m, 4H), 1.49 – 1.42 (m, 2H), 1.06 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz,CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4, 150.7, 138.3, 129.6, 124.0, 123.3, 121.2, 114.3,113.5, 112.0, 75.5, 56.2, 54.6, 50.4, 43.1, 39.3, 38.3, 32.0, 28.1, 26.0,24.5. ESI-MS m/z: 429.37[M+H]+.
实施例6:
(E)-2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(4-(甲基(3-(吡咯-1-基)丙基)氨基)苯乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-3-(吡咯-1-基)丙-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率30%,1H NMR详见图6,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.00 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.69(s, 1H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 3.48 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.89 (s, 4H),2.78 (s, 2H), 2.55 (s, 2H), 2.44 (s, 2H), 1.95 (s, 6H), 1.05 (s, 6H). 13C NMR(75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.3, 155.4, 150.3, 138.1, 129.6, 124.4, 123.7, 121.4,114.3, 113.5, 112.0, 75.5, 54.0, 53.3, 49.8, 43.0, 39.2, 38.3, 32.0, 28.1,25.1, 23.4. ESI-MS m/z: 415.22[M+H]+.
实施例7:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)丙基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)丙-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率32%,1H NMR详见图7,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 (d, J = 9.9 Hz,1H), 7.38 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.10 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (d, J = 15.2Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.83 – 6.75 (m, 1H), 6.72 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 6.63 –6.55 (m, 2H), 4.00 (q, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.38 (q, J = 6.6, 6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.97(d, J = 4.8 Hz, 3H), 2.50 (s, 2H), 2.43 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 2H), 2.10 (q, J = 6.9Hz, 2H), 1.05 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.1,150.0, 137.7, 137.1, 129.8, 129.6, 124.8, 124.2, 121.7, 118.6, 114.1, 113.4,112.1, 76.1, 49.3, 44.5, 43.0, 39.3, 38.5, 32.0, 28.3, 28.0. ESI-MS m/z:412.17 [M+H]+.
实施例8:
(E)-2-(3-(4-((4-(二乙基氨基)丁基)(甲基)氨基)苯乙烯基)-5,5-二甲基环己基-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N,N-二乙基-N’-甲基丁二胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率37%,1H NMR详见图8,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.72 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H),6.64 (s, 1H), 3.38 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.55 (q, J = 7.5 Hz,6H), 2.45 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 4H), 1.66 – 1.56 (m, 2H), 1.50 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H),1.11 – 0.96 (m, 12H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4, 150.4, 138.2,129.6, 124.1, 123.4, 121.3, 114.3, 113.5, 111.8, 75.6, 51.3, 49.8, 47.6,43.1, 39.3, 38.9, 32.0, 28.1, 12.0. ESI-MS m/z: 431.41 [M+H]+.
实施例9:
(E)-2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(4-(甲基(4-(哌啶-1-基)丁基)氨基)苯乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-基)丁-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率40%,1H NMR详见图9,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s,1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 6.68(s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 3.40 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.63 – 2.53(m, 6H), 2.52 – 2.46 (m, 2H), 2.44 (s, 2H), 1.60 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.56 –1.48 (m, 2H), 1.07 – 1.01 (m, 12H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.3,150.5, 138.1, 129.5, 124.2, 123.3, 121.4, 114.3, 113.5, 111.9, 75.6, 67.0,55.8, 53.7, 50.1, 43.0, 39.3, 38.3, 32.0, 28.1, 24.1. ESI-MS m/z: 443.38 [M+H]+.
实施例10:
(E)-2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(4-(甲基(4-(吡咯烷-1-基)丁基)氨基)苯乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-4-(吡咯-1-基)丁-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率52%,1H NMR详见图10,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.37(s, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H),6.67 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 3.40 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s,2H), 2.56 – 2.51 (m, 4H), 2.48 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.45 (s, 2H), 1.83 – 1.77(m, 4H), 1.68 – 1.55 (m, 4H), 1.06 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2,155.4, 150.5, 138.2, 129.6, 124.0, 123.2, 121.3, 114.3, 113.5, 111.9, 75.5,56.2, 54.2, 52.4, 43.0, 39.3, 38.4, 32.0, 28.1, 26.4, 25.1, 23.4. ESI-MS m/z:429.36 [M+H]+.
实施例11:
(E)-2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(4-(甲基(4-吗啉丁基)氨基)苯乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-亚丙基)丙二腈
制备方法同实施例1,所不同的是步骤(1)中用N-甲基-4-(吗啉-1-基)丁-1-胺代替N,N,N'-三甲基乙二胺,最终得红色固体。
产率42%。1H NMR详见图11,1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.38(s, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 15.9 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H),6.68 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 3.73 (t, J = 4.8 Hz, 4H), 3.40 (t, J = 7.2 Hz,2H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 2H), 2.45 (s, 4H), 2.39 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.67- 1.54 (m, 6H), 1.06 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.2, 155.4, 150.4,138.2, 129.6, 124.2, 123.3, 121.4, 114.3, 113.5, 111.9, 75.6, 66.9, 58.6,53.7, 52.3, 43.1, 39.3, 38.5, 32.0, 28.1, 24.8, 23.9. ESI-MS m/z: 445.33[M+H]+.
试验例一: 生物学评估
乙酰胆碱脂酶(AChE)抑制实验
选择实施例1~11制备的化合物,采用Ellman(Ellman, GL, Courtney, KD, et al, Biochem. Pharmacol. 1961, 7, 88-95)报道的比色法在37℃评估AChE抑制活性,AChE来源为电鳗,购自西格玛试剂公司。测试溶液由以下各项组成:0.1 M磷酸缓冲液pH8.0,1 mM 5,5-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸) (DTNB, Ellman’s 试剂),0.01 mg/mL的AChE,和1 mM乙酰硫代胆碱(ATC)作为酶促反应的底物。检测使用96孔板,选取6个孔,将待检测的化合物加入由0.1M磷酸缓冲液pH 8.0、1 mM的DTNB和0.01 mg/mL AChE组成的混合液100 μL(其中待测化合物的终浓度分别为为0、1、5、10、20、50 μM),使待检测的化合物与AChE在37℃下预孵育15分钟。该时间后,加入100 μL的ATC作为底物。用酶标仪记录412 nm处的吸光度变化(2分钟),比较反应速率,计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。用至少三次的独立测量值计算反应速率,将IC50定义为相对于没有抑制剂下将酶活性降低50%的每种化合物的浓度。结果在表1中显示。
表1、各实施例对AChE的抑制活性
化合物 | IC50 AChE (µM) |
实施例1 | 13.54±0.14 |
实施例2 | 10.01±0.64 |
实施例3 | 12.51±0.49 |
实施例4 | 8.26±0.35 |
实施例5 | 11.68±0.88 |
实施例6 | 4.34±0.53 |
实施例7 | 10.96±0.67 |
实施例8 | 7.59±1.07 |
实施例9 | 4.45±0.49 |
实施例10 | 2.81±0.08 |
实施例11 | 23.95±4.43 |
酒石酸利斯的明 | 37.40±3.57 |
由上表可以看出,实施例1~11均具有较强的AChE抑制作用,优于对照药物酒石酸利斯的明。
试验例二: 生物学评估
体外细胞毒性测试
取嗜铬神经细胞瘤PC12、神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y,肝癌细胞HepG2和正常肝细胞QSG-7701,以含10%(体积比)胎牛血清的培养基在37 ℃、湿度饱和,含体积分数为5% CO2的培养箱中培养,2-3天传代一次。取对数生长期细胞,以每孔6000个细胞铺板入96孔板,每孔90 μL。培养24小时后,每孔加入10 μL待测样品(先用DMSO溶解成浓度为10 mM的母液,然后用培养基稀释到待测浓度),对照组为米托蒽醌,空白用生理盐水代替,继续培养48小时。在对照组和样品组中加入浓度为1 mg/mL的 MTT,50 μL/孔,继续培养4小时。甩去上清,每孔加入100 μL的DMSO,振荡20分钟,用全波长酶标仪在570 nm下测定各孔的吸光度。细胞抑制率=(对照组吸光值-实验组吸光值/对照组吸光值-空白组吸光值)×100%,每组实验重复3次,取平均值。结果在表2中显示。
表2、各实施例在20 µM浓度下的细胞抑制率(%)
化合物 | PC12 | SH-SY5Y | HepG2 | QSG-7701 |
实施例1 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 4.8 | 9.2 |
实施例2 | 9.5 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 13.4 |
实施例3 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.5 |
实施例4 | 13.3 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 11.6 |
实施例5 | 9.4 | 13.9 | 15.6 | 13. 2 |
实施例6 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 9.1 |
实施例7 | 10.2 | 13.4 | 14.7 | 7.3 |
实施例8 | 14.8 | 9.1 | 13.8 | 8.0 |
实施例9 | 16.1 | 6.9 | 14.6 | 15.9 |
实施例10 | 15.4 | 5.6 | 12.1 | 9.8 |
实施例11 | 15.2 | 17.0 | 13.2 | 14.5 |
米托蒽醌 | 88.3 | 92.6 | 96.8 | 82.1 |
由表2可知,实施例1~11在20 μM浓度下对测试细胞的细胞抑制率不超过20%,远低于阳性对照药物米托蒽醌(分别为88.3%、92.6%、96.8%、82.1%),表明实施例1~11具有较低的细胞毒性。
试验例三: 生物学评估
细胞成像
实施例1-11的最大荧光发射波长均大于600 nm,浓度为10 μM的水溶液或有机溶液(包括氯仿,四氢呋喃,乙腈,乙醇和DMSO)中显示出明亮的红色荧光,因此可以进行细胞成像。将实施例用DMSO溶解,配制成10 mM的母液,使用时用PBS(pH=7.4)稀释为5μM的浓度。取繁殖期人肝癌HepG2细胞,在加入100 U/mL青霉素,100 mg/mL链霉素和10%胎牛血清的细胞培养液,于5% CO2环境中37 ℃培养。将细胞以1×105个/mL的密度接种在直径为30 mm玻璃底培养皿中,采用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(CLSM)进行成像,此时细胞中无任何荧光。另取一皿细胞,加入DAPI(商用细胞核蓝色染料,浓度为10 μg/mL,体积10 μL),在细胞培养箱中37 ℃避光孵育30分钟,PBS洗涤后再加入5 μM(20 μL)实施例1-11化合物,在37 ℃下避光孵育30分钟,并用PBS洗涤3次,然后通过CLSM成像并拍照。结果在图12中显示。
由图12可知,实施例1~11能够进入细胞,发出明亮的红色荧光,并且主要集中在细胞质中。另外本申请也采用神经母瘤细胞SH-SY5Y、宫颈癌细胞Hela和嗜铬瘤细胞PC12进行了测试,与以上结果相同,因此实施例1~11能够对细胞进行染色和定位。
尽管以上的描述具有许多特性,但只是本发明的一些优选的实施方案,并非用于限制本发明的范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种二腈异佛尔酮衍生物在制备细胞荧光成像剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述二腈异佛尔酮衍生物的结构为:
所述细胞为HepG2细胞、神经母瘤细胞SH-SY5Y、宫颈癌细胞Hela和嗜铬瘤细胞PC12。
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