CN114474819A - Device and method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demolding molded blocks by continuously applying vacuum force and pressure - Google Patents
Device and method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demolding molded blocks by continuously applying vacuum force and pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114474819A CN114474819A CN202210030446.3A CN202210030446A CN114474819A CN 114474819 A CN114474819 A CN 114474819A CN 202210030446 A CN202210030446 A CN 202210030446A CN 114474819 A CN114474819 A CN 114474819A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
- B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/32—Discharging presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/28—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for forming shaped articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demoulding a briquette, wherein the device and the method continuously apply vacuum force and pressure, and the device comprises a raw material pool, a settling tank, a stirring bin, a vacuum pump, an air compressor, a dehydration forming cavity, an annular hinge conveying device, a hydraulic forming device and a demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column, wherein the raw material pool, the settling tank, the stirring bin and a filling port are sequentially connected, the filling port is positioned above the dehydration forming cavity, the side wall of the dehydration forming cavity is provided with dehydration holes, and the dehydration holes are connected with the vacuum pump and the air compressor; the dehydration forming cavity is arranged on the annular hinge conveying device; the hydraulic forming device is positioned above the annular hinge conveying device, the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is positioned below the annular hinge conveying device, and the lower end of the hydraulic forming device is connected with a hydraulic piston. The invention has the advantages of original shape of high-water-content gasified fine slag black water, continuous production, good solid-liquid separation effect of the pressure dehydration equipment and simple equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a treatment technology of coal-based solid waste, and particularly relates to a device and a method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demoulding a briquette.
Background
Coal gasification refers to the process of converting coal into gaseous products and a small amount of residue by reacting with a gasification agent under high temperature and normal pressure or under pressurization. The coal gasification process can be used for producing fuel gas, is used as industrial kiln gas and urban gas, is also used for producing synthesis gas, is used as a raw material for synthesizing ammonia, methanol and liquid fuel, and is one of important processes in the coal chemical industry. The ash generated in the coal gasification process is mainly divided into two typesCoarse slag and fine slag. The coarse slag is in a molten state at a high temperature and is discharged from the bottom of the furnace. The gas flow rate in the gasification furnace is too high, the reaction time of the coal powder and the gasification agent is limited, and the gasification fine slag formed by mixing the carbon residue which is not completely reacted and the molten ash particles which are completely reacted is carried out by the coal gas. The gasification fine slag has fine particle size and average diameter of about 14 mu m, the content of carbon residue and ash particles in the gasification fine slag produced by different gasification processes has large proportion difference, the carbon content ranges from 15 to 60 percent, and the density ranges from 1.98 to 2.42g/cm3。
In order to purify the coal gas, the gasified fine slag must be separated from the coal gas, and the wet separation is mainly adopted at present. The wet separation has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, simple structure, low cost and small occupied area, and has the function of reducing the temperature of coal gas, so the wet separation is generally adopted in industry. In wet separation, water is mixed with gasified fine slag to form gasified fine slag black water, after flocculation, clear water at the upper layer can be recycled, and the gasified fine slag black water at the lower layer is muddy and difficult to treat.
At present, two main treatment methods for gasified fine slag black water are available. A force applied by a vacuum, such as: a belt type vacuum filter, a ceramic vacuum filter and other vacuum dehydration equipment. However, in the process of treating the gasified fine slag black water by using the belt type vacuum filter, the filter cake is easy to crack, so that the vacuum degree is reduced, and the water-slag separation capacity and the separation effect are reduced. The filter plate of the ceramic vacuum filter has rich pore passages, is easy to block and needs periodic acid washing, so the continuous production capacity is poor and the maintenance cost is high. The above equipment is used for treating materials, the water content of the materials is more than 60%, the materials are in turbid liquid state, the dehydration effect is poor when the water content of the materials is low, in addition, the water content of a filter cake after dehydration is more than 40%, and the materials are easy to vibrate and segregate to pollute roads and heavy metal ions in the landfill process to separate out to pollute soil and underground water in the transportation process. The other type of equipment has good dehydration effect through the pressure effect, the water content of a filter cake can be reduced to below 27 percent, but the continuous production is difficult, the efficiency is low, when the equipment is used for treating gasified fine slag black water with the water content of more than 60 percent, the black water is easy to splash, and the effect is good when the equipment is used for treating low-water-content materials. The two types of equipment can not treat high-water-content materials at the same time, and the filter cake after dehydration has low water content. Therefore, how to remove the water in the gasified fine slag black water with high quality and high efficiency becomes a key factor for saving water sources and protecting the environment, and is a technical difficulty to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for quickly dehydrating gasified fine slag and demoulding a molded block by continuously applying vacuum force and pressure, so as to overcome the defects of vacuum dehydration and pressure dehydration, and have the advantages that the vacuum force dehydration equipment can treat high-water-content gasified fine slag black water as is, the production is continuous, the solid-liquid separation effect of the pressure dehydration equipment is good, and the equipment is simple.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration, type piece shedder that vacuum force and pressure were applyed in succession, includes raw materials pond, subsider, stirring storehouse, vacuum pump, air compressor, dehydration shaping chamber, annular hinge conveyer, hydraulic forming device, the hollow post of drawing of patterns pressure-bearing, wherein:
the raw material tank is connected with a feed inlet of the settling tank through a pipeline, and a first sludge pump is arranged in the pipeline;
the discharge hole of the settling tank is connected with the feed inlet of the stirring bin through a pipeline, and a second sludge pump is arranged in the pipeline;
the discharge port of the stirring bin is connected with a feeding port through a pipeline, and a third sludge pump is arranged in the pipeline;
the material filling port is positioned above the dehydration molding cavity, an opening is formed above the dehydration molding cavity, and dehydration holes are formed in the side wall of the dehydration molding cavity and are connected with a vacuum pump and an air compressor; the dehydration forming cavity is arranged on the annular hinge conveying device;
the hydraulic forming device and the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column are arranged on a hydraulic forming device platform, the hydraulic forming device is positioned above the annular hinge conveying device, the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is positioned below the annular hinge conveying device, the lower end of the hydraulic forming device is connected with a hydraulic piston, and a belt conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic forming device platform.
The central part of the annular hinge conveying device is provided with a central rotating shaft, the dewatering hole is connected with a hose, the hose is converged on the central rotating shaft, and the hose is connected with a vacuum pump and an air compressor through a pipeline arranged in the central rotating shaft.
The bottom of the dehydration forming cavity is provided with a pneumatic gate valve, rubber sealing gaskets are attached to two sides of the pneumatic gate valve, and the dehydration holes are connected with a vacuum pump and an air compressor through the pneumatic gate valve.
The dehydration molding cavities are multiple and are fixed on the annular hinge conveying device at equal intervals.
The annular hinge conveying device is formed by connecting a plurality of fan-shaped steel plates into a whole through hinges, holes are formed in each fan-shaped steel plate, the shape and the size of each hole are consistent with those of the dehydration forming cavity, and the dehydration forming cavity is arranged in the annular hinge conveying device.
The lower end of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is communicated with a belt conveyor; the inner diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is larger than the inner diameter of the dehydration forming cavity and smaller than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity, and the outer diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is larger than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity.
The distance between the top plane of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column and the lower plane of the annular hinge conveying device is less than 1 cm.
A method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demoulding a molded block by continuously applying vacuum force and pressure comprises the following steps:
step one, gasifying fine slag generated by coal gasification is venturi washed to form gasifying fine slag black water, and the gasifying fine slag black water is discharged into a raw material pool through a pipeline;
conveying the gasified fine slag black water in the raw material pool to a settling tank by a first slurry pump;
thirdly, the gasified fine slag slurry enters a stirring bin through a second slurry pump, the stirred gasified fine slag slurry is conveyed to a material filling opening through a third slurry pump, and at the moment, a pneumatic gate valve at the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity is in a fully closed state;
transporting the dehydration forming cavity filled with the gasified fine slag black water to a hydraulic forming device on an annular hinge conveying device, and stopping the rotation of the annular hinge conveying device;
step five, pressing a hydraulic piston downwards into the dehydration forming cavity, maintaining the pressure for several seconds, and then releasing the pressure; meanwhile, the last dehydration forming cavity is conveyed to a material filling port for filling, and the pneumatic gate valve at the bottom is in a fully closed state;
step six, in the time period from filling the gasified fine slag black water into the dehydration molding cavity to pressure relief of the hydraulic piston, the gas path of the dehydration hole on the side wall of the dehydration molding cavity is communicated with a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is in a vacuum pumping state;
step seven, when the hydraulic piston releases the pressure, the pneumatic gate valve at the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity is rapidly opened, the hydraulic piston continues to apply pressure to enable the massive filter cake to fall out from the bottom of the pneumatic gate valve, the hydraulic piston releases the pressure and returns to an initial state, and the filter cake passes through a hole of the annular hinge conveying device and the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column and falls on the belt conveyor;
step eight, the dehydrated and formed block-shaped filter cake falls on a belt conveyor and is conveyed to a stacking position;
step nine, the annular hinge conveying device continues to rotate to the material filling port, next batch of material filling is carried out, the massive filter cakes fall out from the bottom gate valve, and in a time period before the dehydration forming cavity is conveyed to the material filling port for material filling, a gas path of a dehydration hole in the side wall of the dehydration forming cavity is communicated with an air compressor, and the air compressor reversely blows compressed air to the dehydration hole and cleans fine slag particles blocking the pore channel; the pneumatic gate valve is adjusted to be in a fully closed state by the full opening of the valve in the time period; meanwhile, in the rotation process of the annular hinge conveying device, the last filling dehydration forming cavity completes partial dehydration under the action of a vacuum pump and is conveyed to the position below the hydraulic piston;
step ten, ending the complete dehydration and forming process.
In the fifth step, after being concentrated by the settling tank, the water content of the gasified fine slag slurry is 60 percent.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a device and a process method for quickly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demoulding a molded block, wherein the vacuum force and the pressure are continuously applied. The system is based on the action of vacuum force and pressure, combines the advantages of vacuum dehydration equipment and pressure dehydration equipment, realizes the coupling action of the vacuum force and the pressure, and designs the device and the process method for quickly dehydrating and molding the coal gasification fine slag continuously applied by the vacuum force and the pressure. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
1. realizes the rapid dehydration and molding of the black water of the gasified fine slag. Compared with pressure dehydration equipment for intermittent production, the invention realizes continuous operation on the annular hinge conveying device, the annular hinge conveying device is provided with a plurality of dehydration forming cavities, when one dehydration forming cavity is in a pressure dehydration stage, other cavities are in injection, vacuum dehydration and back flushing stages, multi-step parallel operation is realized, time is saved, and efficiency is improved. Compared with vacuum dehydration equipment, the obtained material is regular and compact, and is convenient to transport.
2. The water content of the filter cake after treatment is low while the high-water-content gasified fine slag black water is treated. The vacuum dehydration equipment can process materials with high water content, but the water content of the filter cake after processing is higher; the filter cake treated by the pressure dehydration equipment has low water content, but the treated high water content material is easy to splash. The invention has no requirement on the initial water content of the raw materials, and realizes low water content of the filter cake after treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a device for rapidly dehydrating coal gasification fine slag and demolding molded blocks, in which vacuum force and pressure are continuously applied;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the endless hinge conveyor;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a vacuum dehydration forming cavity, a plane of an annular hinge conveying device, a demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column and a hydraulic device platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and block demolding device with continuously applied vacuum force and pressure comprises a raw material pool 1, a settling tank 3, a stirring bin 5, a vacuum pump 7, an air compressor 8, a dehydration molding cavity 9, an annular hinge conveying device 13, a hydraulic molding device 14 and a demolding pressure-bearing hollow column 16, wherein:
the raw material tank 1 is connected with a feed inlet of the settling tank 3 through a pipeline, and a first sludge pump 2 is arranged in the pipeline;
the discharge hole of the settling tank 3 is connected with the feed inlet of the stirring bin 5 through a pipeline, and a second sludge pump 4 is arranged in the pipeline;
a discharge port of the stirring bin 5 is connected with a charging port 10 through a pipeline, and a third sludge pump 6 is arranged in the pipeline;
the material filling port 10 is positioned above the dehydration forming cavity 9, an opening is formed above the dehydration forming cavity 9, the side wall of the dehydration forming cavity 9 is provided with a dehydration hole 11, and the dehydration hole 11 is connected with the vacuum pump 7 and the air compressor 8; the dehydration forming cavity 9 is arranged on the annular hinge conveying device 13;
the hydraulic forming device 14 and the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 are installed on a hydraulic forming device platform 14-1, the hydraulic forming device 14 is located above the annular hinge conveying device 13, the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 is located below the annular hinge conveying device 13, the lower end of the hydraulic forming device 14 is connected with a hydraulic piston 15, and a belt conveyor 17 is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic forming device platform 14-1.
The center of the annular hinge conveying device 13 is provided with a central rotating shaft, the dewatering holes 11 are connected with hoses, the hoses are converged on the central rotating shaft, and the hoses are connected with the vacuum pump 7 and the air compressor 8 through pipelines arranged inside the central rotating shaft.
Preferably, a filter screen is attached to the dewatering hole 11 on the side wall of the dewatering forming cavity 9, a pneumatic gate valve 12 is arranged at the bottom of the dewatering forming cavity 9, and rubber gaskets are attached to two sides of the pneumatic gate valve 12. The hydraulic piston of the hydraulic forming device is pressed downwards into the dehydration forming cavity, pressure is released after pressure maintaining for several seconds, the filter screen is supported to filter the gasified fine slag, so that water is smoothly discharged from the dehydration hole, and the gasified fine slag forms a compact block-shaped filter cake in the dehydration forming cavity. Before the gate valve was opened, the rubber packing that gate valve both sides were attached had prevented that moisture from overflowing from the gap. After the gate valve is completely opened, the piston continues to apply pressure downwards, and the massive filter cake is ejected out from the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity and falls into the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column. The continuous operation of vacuum dehydration, pressure dehydration and material ejection is realized.
Preferably, the dewatering holes 11 are connected to the vacuum pump 7 and the air compressor 8 by means of pneumatic gate valves 12. The gas path is communicated with the vacuum pump in the time period from the filling of the gasified fine slag black water into the dehydration forming cavity to the pressure relief of the hydraulic piston of the hydraulic forming device. The gas path is communicated with the vacuum pump during the time from the dropping of the block filter cake by the bottom gate valve to the returning of the dehydration molding cavity to the initial position (the injection port) under the driving of the annular hinge conveying device. When the gas circuit is the same as the vacuum pump, the gasified fine slag is in the vacuum dehydration stage, and the moisture in the vacuum state is rapidly discharged. The air path is the same as the air compressor, and is in a back flushing stage, so that blocking particles in the filter screen are blown out, the blocking of the filter screen is slowed down, and the service life is prolonged.
Preferably, a plurality of dehydration forming cavities 9 are fixed on the annular hinge conveying device 13 at equal intervals. The annular hinge conveying device 13 is formed by connecting a plurality of fan-shaped steel plates into a whole through hinges, each fan-shaped steel plate is provided with a hole 13-1, the shape and the size of each hole 13-1 are consistent with those of the dehydration forming cavity 9, and the dehydration forming cavity 9 is arranged in the hole 13-1. The block filter cake falling out from the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity smoothly passes through a plane opening of the hinge conveying device, falls into the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column and falls onto a belt conveyor.
Preferably, the lower end of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 is communicated with a belt conveyor 17; the inner diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the dehydration forming cavity 9 and smaller than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity 9, and the outer diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is larger than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity. The distance between the top plane of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 and the lower plane of the annular hinge conveying device 13 is less than 1 cm. The hinge conveying device is soft in structure and difficult to bear the pressure of the pressure bearing forming device, the demoulding pressure bearing hollow column is arranged below the plane of the hinge conveying device to enhance the pressure bearing capacity of the plane of the hinge, and the internal hollow structure plays a role in demoulding.
Preferably, the settling tank 3 is a continuous settling tank. And concentrating black water of the gasified fine slag to reduce the initial water content of the gasified fine slag. The continuous settling tank has continuous operation, large mechanical treatment capacity and uniform precipitate concentration.
Preferably, the first sludge pump 2, the second sludge pump 4, and the third sludge pump 6 are all slurry pumps. The ash content in the gasified fine slag black water is more than 70 percent, the impeller of the slurry pump has wide channel and few blades, and is not easy to be blocked by impurities, and the pump shell is lined with a wear-resistant steel plate, is wear-resistant and is easy to wash.
Preferably, the stirring bin 5 is a vertical stirring bin and is used for storing the gasified fine slag black water, maintaining the fluidity of the thick gasified fine slag black water and preventing the pipeline from being blocked by precipitation.
A coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mould block demoulding method continuously applying vacuum force and pressure is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, gasifying fine slag generated by coal gasification is venturi washed to form gasifying fine slag black water, and the gasifying fine slag black water is discharged into a raw material pool 1 through a pipeline;
conveying the gasified fine slag black water in the raw material pool 1 to a settling tank 3 by a first slurry pump 2;
after the slurry is concentrated by the settling tank 3, the gasified fine slag slurry with the water content of 60 percent enters the stirring bin 5 through the second slurry pump 4, the stirred gasified fine slag slurry is conveyed to the material filling opening 10 through the third slurry pump 6, and at the moment, the pneumatic gate valve 12 at the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity 9 is in a fully closed state;
step four, transporting the dehydration forming cavity 9 filled with the gasified fine slag black water to a hydraulic forming device 14 on an annular hinge conveying device 13, and stopping the rotation of the annular hinge conveying device 13;
step five, pressing the hydraulic piston 15 downwards into the dehydration molding cavity 9, maintaining the pressure for several seconds, and then releasing the pressure; meanwhile, the last dehydration forming cavity 9 is transported to a material filling port 10 for filling, and a pneumatic gate valve 12 at the bottom is in a fully closed state;
step six, in the time period from filling the gasified fine slag black water into the dehydration molding cavity 9 to pressure relief of the hydraulic piston 15, the gas path of the dehydration hole 11 on the side wall of the dehydration molding cavity 9 is communicated with the vacuum pump 7, and the vacuum pump 7 is in a vacuum pumping state;
step seven, when the hydraulic piston 15 releases the pressure, the pneumatic gate valve 12 at the bottom of the dehydration molding cavity 9 is rapidly opened, the hydraulic piston 15 continues to apply pressure, so that the massive filter cake falls out from the bottom of the pneumatic gate valve 12, the hydraulic piston 15 releases the pressure and returns to an initial state, and the filter cake passes through a hole 13-1 of the annular hinge conveying device 13 and the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column 16 and falls on the belt conveyor 17;
step eight, the block filter cake after dehydration molding falls on a belt conveyor 17 and is conveyed to a stacking position;
step nine, the annular hinge conveying device 13 continues to rotate to the material filling port 10, next batch of filling materials are carried out, the massive filter cakes fall out from the bottom gate valve and are conveyed to the dehydration molding cavity 9 to a time period before the material filling port 10 is filled with the materials, the air path of the dehydration holes 11 in the side wall of the dehydration molding cavity 9 is communicated with the air compressor 8, and the air compressor 8 blows compressed air back to the dehydration holes 11 and cleans fine slag particles blocking the pore channels; the pneumatic gate valve 12 is adjusted to be in a fully closed state by the full opening of the valve in the time period; meanwhile, the dehydration forming cavity 9 filled with the previous material completes partial dehydration under the action of the vacuum pump 7 in the rotation process of the annular hinge conveying device 13 and is conveyed to the position below the hydraulic piston 15;
step ten, ending the complete dehydration and forming process.
Wherein, the rotating speed or the hinge length of the annular hinge conveying device 13 can be adjusted, and the pressure maintaining time or the pressure intensity of the hydraulic device can also be adjusted to match the increase of the number of the dehydration molding cavities 9, thereby improving the production efficiency.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration, type piece shedder that vacuum force and pressure exerted in succession which characterized in that: including raw materials pond (1), subsider (3), stirring storehouse (5), vacuum pump (7), air compressor (8), dehydration molding chamber (9), annular hinge conveyer (13), hydraulic forming device (14), the hollow post of drawing of patterns pressure-bearing (16), wherein:
the raw material tank (1) is connected with a feed inlet of the settling tank (3) through a pipeline, and a first sludge pump (2) is arranged in the pipeline;
the discharge hole of the settling tank (3) is connected with the feed hole of the stirring bin (5) through a pipeline, and a second sludge pump (4) is arranged in the pipeline;
the discharge hole of the stirring bin (5) is connected with a charging hole (10) through a pipeline, and a third sludge pump (6) is arranged in the pipeline;
the material filling port (10) is positioned above the dehydration forming cavity (9), an opening is formed above the dehydration forming cavity (9), dehydration holes (11) are formed in the side wall of the dehydration forming cavity (9), and the dehydration holes (11) are connected with the vacuum pump (7) and the air compressor (8); the dehydration forming cavity (9) is arranged on the annular hinge conveying device (13);
the hydraulic forming device (14) and the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) are arranged on a hydraulic forming device platform (14-1), the hydraulic forming device (14) is located above the annular hinge conveying device (13), the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) is located below the annular hinge conveying device (13), the lower end of the hydraulic forming device (14) is connected with a hydraulic piston (15), and a belt conveyor (17) is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic forming device platform (14-1).
2. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the central rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the annular hinge conveying device (13), the dewatering holes (11) are connected with hoses, the hoses are converged on the central rotating shaft, and the hoses are connected with the vacuum pump (7) and the air compressor (8) through pipelines arranged inside the central rotating shaft.
3. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the dehydration forming device is characterized in that a pneumatic gate valve (12) is arranged at the bottom of the dehydration forming cavity (9), rubber sealing gaskets are attached to two sides of the pneumatic gate valve (12), and the dehydration holes (12) are connected with a vacuum pump (7) and an air compressor (8) through the pneumatic gate valve (12).
4. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the dehydration forming cavities (9) are multiple and are fixed on the annular hinge conveying device (13) at equal intervals.
5. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to the claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the annular hinge conveying device (13) is formed by connecting a plurality of fan-shaped steel plates into a whole through hinges, each fan-shaped steel plate is provided with a hole (13-1), the shape and the size of each hole (13-1) are consistent with those of the dehydration forming cavity (9), and the dehydration forming cavity (9) is arranged in the corresponding hole (13-1).
6. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lower end of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) is communicated with a belt conveyor (17); the inner diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) is larger than the inner diameter of the dehydration forming cavity (9) and smaller than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity (9), and the outer diameter of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column is larger than the outer diameter of the dehydration forming cavity.
7. The coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding device continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to the claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the distance between the top plane of the demoulding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) and the lower plane of the annular hinge conveying device (13) is less than 1 cm.
8. A coal gasification fine slag rapid dehydration and mold block demoulding method based on the device of claim 1 and continuously applied with vacuum force and pressure is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, gasifying fine slag generated by coal gasification is venturi washed to form gasifying fine slag black water which is discharged into a raw material pool (1) through a pipeline;
conveying the gasified fine slag black water in the raw material pool (1) to a settling tank (3) by a first slurry pump (2);
step three, after the slurry is concentrated by the settling tank (3), the gasified fine slag slurry enters a stirring bin (5) through a second slurry pump (4), the stirred gasified fine slag slurry is conveyed to a material filling port (10) through a third slurry pump (6), and at the moment, a pneumatic gate valve (12) at the bottom of a dehydration forming cavity (9) is in a fully closed state;
fourthly, the dehydration forming cavity (9) filled with the gasified fine slag black water is transported to a hydraulic forming device (14) on an annular hinge conveying device (13), and then the annular hinge conveying device (13) stops rotating;
step five, pressing a hydraulic piston (15) downwards into the dehydration molding cavity (9), maintaining the pressure for several seconds, and then releasing the pressure; meanwhile, the last dehydration forming cavity (9) is transported to a material filling port (10) for material filling, and a pneumatic gate valve (12) at the bottom is in a fully closed state;
step six, in a time period from filling of gasified fine slag black water into the dehydration molding cavity (9) to pressure relief of the hydraulic piston (15), gas paths of dehydration holes (11) in the side wall of the dehydration molding cavity (9) are communicated with a vacuum pump (7), and the vacuum pump (7) is in a vacuum pumping state;
seventhly, the pneumatic gate valve (12) at the bottom of the dehydration forming cavity (9) is rapidly opened while the hydraulic piston (15) is depressurized, the hydraulic piston (15) continues to apply pressure to enable the blocky filter cake to fall out from the bottom of the pneumatic gate valve (12), the hydraulic piston (15) is depressurized and returns to an initial state, and the filter cake passes through a hole (13-1) of the annular hinge conveying device (13) and the demolding pressure-bearing hollow column (16) and falls on the belt conveyor (17);
step eight, the block filter cake after dehydration molding falls on a belt conveyor (17) and is conveyed to a stacking position;
step nine, the annular hinge conveying device (13) continues to rotate to the material filling port (10) for next material filling, the next material filling is carried out, the block-shaped filter cakes fall out from the bottom gate valve and reach a time period before the dehydration forming cavity (9) is conveyed to the material filling port (10) for material filling, the air path of the dehydration holes (11) in the side wall of the dehydration forming cavity (9) is communicated with the air compressor (8), and the air compressor (8) blows compressed air back to the dehydration holes (11) and cleans fine slag particles blocking the hole channels; the pneumatic gate valve (12) is adjusted to be in a fully closed state by the full opening of the valve in the time period; meanwhile, the dehydration forming cavity (9) filled with the previous material is partially dehydrated under the action of a vacuum pump (7) in the rotation process of the annular hinge conveying device (13) and is conveyed to the position below the hydraulic piston (15);
step ten, ending the complete dehydration and forming process.
9. The method for rapidly dehydrating and demolding the coal gasification fine slag by continuously applying the vacuum force and the pressure according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, after the concentration by the settling tank (3), the water content of the gasified fine slag slurry is 60%.
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