CN114474670A - Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment - Google Patents

Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114474670A
CN114474670A CN202111118550.XA CN202111118550A CN114474670A CN 114474670 A CN114474670 A CN 114474670A CN 202111118550 A CN202111118550 A CN 202111118550A CN 114474670 A CN114474670 A CN 114474670A
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China
Prior art keywords
screw
transmission gear
gear
shaft
output shaft
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CN202111118550.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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何和智
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to CN202111118550.XA priority Critical patent/CN114474670A/en
Publication of CN114474670A publication Critical patent/CN114474670A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/120935 priority patent/WO2023046082A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/425Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/252Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method and equipment. The device comprises a driving motor, a speed reduction distribution transmission case and three screw systems, wherein the driving motor is connected with the speed reduction distribution transmission case through a coupler, three output shafts in the speed reduction distribution transmission case are connected with the three screw systems through spline sleeves, each three screw system comprises a main screw and 2 auxiliary screws, the main screw is meshed with 1 auxiliary screw in a same-direction rotation mode, and the main screw is meshed with the other auxiliary screw in a different-direction rotation mode. The invention leads the equidirectional rotation and the opposite rotation to work cooperatively so as to improve the plasticizing and mixing effect.

Description

Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polymer processing technology, in particular to a bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method and equipment.
Background
The existing screw plasticizing mixing extruder for processing the polymer and the composite material thereof comprises a single screw extruder, a double screw extruder and a multi-screw extruder. Of these, the three-screw extruder is the most widely used multi-screw extruder. The existing three-screw extruder improves the mixing effect of the polymer and the composite material thereof by increasing the meshing area. With the continuous development of polymer modified materials, the mixing and dispersing effects of plastic processing materials need to be improved more effectively, but the traditional method for improving the mixing effect of the polymers by increasing the meshing area and changing the rotation direction of the main screw and the auxiliary screw is adopted, so that the shearing of the meshing area to the materials is larger when the rotation directions of the main screw and the auxiliary screw are the same for partial heat-sensitive plastics, and the shearing of the meshing area to the materials is smaller when the rotation directions of the main screw and the auxiliary screw are opposite. Therefore, the plasticizing and mixing effects of the three-screw extruder still need to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method. The bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method improves the mixing effect.
Meanwhile, the invention also aims to provide a bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding device.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: according to the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method, the homodromous rotation and the heterodromous rotation exist in the three screw systems at the same time to form a homodromous meshing area and a heterodromous meshing area to work cooperatively, and materials alternately and repeatedly pass through the homodromous meshing area and the heterodromous meshing area in the material conveying process, so that the plasticizing and mixing effects of the materials are enhanced.
Preferably, the rotation speeds of the co-rotation and the counter-rotation are equal in magnitude in the three-screw system.
The bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion equipment comprises a driving motor, a speed reduction distribution transmission case and three screw systems, wherein the driving motor is connected with the speed reduction distribution transmission case through a coupler, three output shafts in the speed reduction distribution transmission case are connected with the three screw systems through spline sleeves, each three screw system comprises a main screw and 2 auxiliary screws, the main screw is meshed with 1 auxiliary screw in a same-direction rotation manner, and the main screw is meshed with the other auxiliary screw in a different-direction rotation manner.
Preferably, the main screw and the 2 auxiliary screws are horizontally arranged in a straight line, and the 2 auxiliary screws are respectively positioned at two sides of the main screw.
Preferably, the diameter of the main screw is equal to or greater than the diameter of the secondary screw.
Preferably, the deceleration distribution transmission case comprises an input shaft, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, a third output shaft, an intermediate gear shaft, a first gear shaft, a third gear shaft and a transition gear;
one end of the input shaft is connected with a first transmission gear, two ends of the first gear shaft are respectively provided with a second transmission gear and a third transmission gear, the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, and the first output shaft is connected with the first gear shaft;
a fourth transmission gear and a fifth transmission gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second gear shaft, and the third transmission gear is meshed with the fourth transmission gear; a sixth transmission gear and a seventh transmission gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the third transmission gear shaft, and the sixth transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear;
one end of the second output shaft and one end of the third output shaft are respectively provided with an eighth transmission gear and a ninth transmission gear, the second output shaft and the third output shaft are respectively arranged on two sides of the first output shaft, the eighth transmission gear is meshed with the fifth transmission gear, the ninth transmission gear, the transition gear and the seventh transmission gear are sequentially meshed, and one end of the first two part door shafts is connected with one end of the intermediate gear shaft.
Preferably, the total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the third transmission gear and the fourth transmission gear and the first-stage speed increase between the fifth transmission gear and the eighth transmission gear is one.
Preferably, the total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the second transmission gear and the sixth transmission gear and the second-stage speed increase between the seventh transmission gear, the filtering gear and the ninth transmission gear is one.
The working principle of the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding equipment is as follows: the material enters the screw barrel from the feeding device, a main screw of the on-site screw barrel is meshed with a first auxiliary screw in a co-rotating mode, and simultaneously the main screw is meshed with a second auxiliary screw in a counter-rotating mode, so that the three screw systems simultaneously rotate in the co-rotating mode and in the counter-rotating mode, and a co-rotating meshing area and a counter-rotating meshing area are formed in the screw barrel. The material moves in an infinite shape in the extrusion process, namely, a part of the material in the thread groove of the first auxiliary screw enters the thread groove of the second auxiliary screw, and the other part of the material enters the other thread groove of the second auxiliary screw through the thread ridge gap. When the materials pass through the equidirectional meshing zone, the shearing strength is violent, and when the materials pass through the different-directional meshing zone, the shearing strength is weak, so that the materials are alternately and repeatedly subjected to strong shearing and weak shearing in the extrusion process. Meanwhile, the shearing strength of the three screw systems with the bidirectional synergistic effect of the homodromous rotation and the heterodromous rotation on the material is between that of a straight parallel homodromous three screw and that of a straight parallel heterodromous three screw, and under the action of multiple stretching, compression and shearing, the bidirectional synergistic three screw plasticizing, mixing and extruding equipment can realize excellent plasticizing and mixing effects with a short length-diameter ratio.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the plasticizing and mixing effect is good, and the quality of the extruded product is high. The three-screw system simultaneously has the equidirectional rotation and the opposite-directional rotation when conveying materials, so that the materials move between the equidirectional meshing zone and the opposite-directional meshing zone in an infinite degree, the materials are alternately and repeatedly subjected to strong shearing and weak shearing, the times of kneading, shearing, mixing and homogenizing of the materials are increased, the plasticizing, melting and mixing capabilities of an extruder are strong, the exhaust effect is enhanced, the three-screw system is particularly suitable for extrusion processing and molding of thermosensitive plastics and fully-degradable materials, and the quality of extruded products is remarkably improved.
2. The diameter or the major diameter of the screw in the three-screw system is effectively reduced. The three screw systems in the invention work cooperatively in the same direction rotation and different direction rotation to multiply the rolling and shearing area of the screws, so that more efficient shearing, extruding and kneading effects can be formed on materials, and the efficient mixing effect is just the efficient mixing effect, so that the bidirectional cooperative three-screw plasticizing, mixing and extruding equipment can obtain the production efficiency with the same yield and quality as the single-screw extruder and the double-screw extruder with large diameter or large length-diameter ratio without the large diameter or large length-diameter ratio of the single-screw extruder and the double-screw extruder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding device of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, (a) to (d) show different rotation engagement modes of the three screw systems of the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticating and kneading extrusion apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-screw system installed in a cylinder of the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-section of a three-screw system of the bi-directional cooperative three-screw intensified plasticizing mixing extrusion apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the decelerating distribution transmission box in the bidirectional cooperative three-screw reinforced plasticating and kneading extruder device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deceleration distribution transmission box in the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding device.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the decelerating distribution transmission case in the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticating and compounding extrusion apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding equipment shown in fig. 1 mainly comprises a driving motor 1, a deceleration distribution transmission case 2, a feeder 3, a three-screw system 4, a machine barrel assembly 5, a die head assembly 6 and a frame 7, wherein the driving motor 1 is connected with the deceleration distribution transmission case 2 through a coupler, three output shafts in the deceleration distribution transmission case 2 are connected with the three-screw system 4 through spline sleeves, the three-screw system 4 comprises 1 main screw 8 and 2 auxiliary screws 9, the main screw 8 is meshed with the 1 auxiliary screw 9 in a co-rotating manner, and the main screw 8 is meshed with the other auxiliary screw 9 in a non-rotating manner. Specifically, the bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding apparatus of the embodiment mainly comprises a driving motor 1, a deceleration distribution transmission case 2, a feeder 3, a three-screw system 4, a machine barrel 5, a die head 6 and a rack 7, wherein the driving motor 1, the deceleration distribution transmission case 2 and the machine barrel 5 are sequentially mounted on the rack 7, and a power output shaft of the driving motor 2 is connected with the deceleration distribution transmission case 2. 1 main screw 8 and 2 auxiliary screws 9 of the three-screw system 4 are horizontally arranged in a straight line in the machine barrel, the main screws 8 are meshed with 1 auxiliary screw 9 in a co-rotating way, and the main screws 8 are meshed with the other auxiliary screw 9 in a counter-rotating way. The feeder 3 is connected with the feeding end of a cylinder 5, and a die head 6 is arranged at the discharging end of the cylinder 5. In operation, the material is fed into the feeding end of the machine barrel 5 by the feeder 3, the driving motor 1 drives the 1 main screw 8 and the 2 auxiliary screws 9 to rotate through the deceleration distribution transmission case 2, as shown in fig. 2 (a) - (d), the main screw 8 rotates in the same direction with the 1 auxiliary screw 9, and rotates in different directions with the other 1 auxiliary screws 9, that is, the same direction rotation and different direction rotation in the three screw systems 4 cooperate to convey the material at the feeding end of the machine barrel 5 to the die head 6, which improves the blending effect.
As shown in fig. 3, the main screw 8 and the 2 auxiliary screws 9 are horizontally arranged in a straight line, and the 2 auxiliary screws 9 are respectively located at two sides of the main screw 8. The diameter of the main screw 8 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the auxiliary screw 9. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the triple screw system 4 is composed of a main screw 8 located in the middle and sub-screws symmetrically disposed on both sides of the main screw 8 and arranged in a straight line. When the diameter of the main screw 6 is larger than that of the auxiliary screw 7, the auxiliary screw 9 positioned on the left side and the main screw 8 are meshed and rotate in the same direction, and the main screw 8 and the auxiliary screw 9 positioned on the right side are meshed and rotate in different directions; the auxiliary screw 8 on the left side and the main screw 8 are engaged and rotated in different directions, and the main screw 8 and the auxiliary screw 9 on the right side are engaged and rotated in the same direction. The structure and the meshing rotation mode of the three screw systems can be selected according to the material types and the processing requirements. As shown in FIG. 4, all the screws in the three-screw system are meshed in parallel with equal diameters or in a conical manner with non-parallel cone angles.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the deceleration distribution transmission case 2 includes an input shaft 11, a first output shaft 20, a second output shaft 19, a third output shaft 21, an intermediate gear shaft 28, a first gear shaft 16, a second gear shaft 26 and a transition gear 24; one end of the input shaft 11 is connected with a first transmission gear 12, two ends of the intermediate gear shaft 28 are respectively provided with a second transmission gear 13 and a third transmission gear 14, and the first transmission gear 12 is meshed with the second transmission gear 13; a fourth transmission gear 15 and a fifth transmission gear 17 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first gear shaft 16; a sixth transmission gear 27 and a seventh transmission gear 25 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second transmission gear shaft 26, and the sixth transmission gear 27 is meshed with the second transmission gear 12; one end of the second output shaft 19 and one end of the third output shaft 21 are respectively provided with an eighth transmission gear 18 and a ninth transmission gear 22, the second output shaft 19 and the third output shaft 21 are respectively arranged at two sides of the first output shaft 20, the eighth transmission gear 18 is meshed with the fifth transmission gear 17, the ninth transmission gear 22, the transition gear 24 and the seventh transmission gear 25 are sequentially meshed, and one end of the first output shaft 20 is connected with one end of an intermediate gear shaft 28. In operation, the second transmission gear 13, the intermediate gear shaft 28 and the first output shaft form an intermediate transmission system; the intermediate gear shaft, the third transmission gear 14, the fourth transmission gear 15, the first gear shaft 16, the fifth transmission gear 17, the eighth transmission gear and the second output shaft form a first side transmission system; the second transmission gear 14, the sixth transmission gear 27, the second transmission gear shaft, the seventh transmission gear 25, the filter gear 24, the ninth transmission gear 22 and the third output shaft 21 form a second side transmission system. The middle transmission system, the first side transmission system and the second side transmission system respectively drive the main screw and the 2 auxiliary screws to rotate, so that the three screw systems can realize the common rotation in the same direction and the opposite direction, and the simultaneous rotation and the opposite rotation can work cooperatively. The speed reduction distribution transmission case 2 has a simple structure, can ensure that three screw systems rotate in the same direction and in different directions simultaneously, has stable transmission, reliable performance and convenient maintenance, and also has excellent performances of low noise, high rotating speed, high efficiency, long service life and the like.
The total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the third transmission gear 14 and the fourth transmission gear 15 and the first-stage speed increase between the fifth transmission gear 17 and the eighth transmission gear 18 is one. The total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the second transmission gear 13 and the sixth transmission gear 27 and the second-stage speed increase between the seventh transmission gear 25, the filtering gear 24 and the ninth transmission gear 22 is one. The structure is simple, the main screw and the auxiliary screw can be ensured to rotate at the same speed, and the mixing is further improved.
A bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method features that the three screw systems have the same and different rotation directions to form the cooperative work between the engaged region in same direction and engaged region in different direction, and the material passes through the engaged region in same direction and engaged region in different direction alternately and repeatedly during conveying. The rotating speeds of the homodromous rotation and the heterodromous rotation are equal in the three screw systems. Because the three screw systems simultaneously rotate in the same direction and in different directions, a same-direction meshing area and a different-direction meshing area are formed; the material is the infinity shape motion between syntropy meshing zone and incorgruous meshing zone, then can increase at double and roll the area, then because of syntropy rotation and incorgruous rotation coexistence for the material motion is more complicated can the abundant exchange, and every rotatory a week of screw rod, the number of times that the material was kneaded, sheared, mixed, homogenized increases, makes the material after intensive mixing is mixed under complicated effort, extrudes from die head 6.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding method is characterized in that the three screw systems simultaneously rotate in the same direction and in different directions to form a meshing area in the same direction and a meshing area in different directions to work cooperatively, and materials alternately and repeatedly pass through the meshing areas in the same direction and the meshing areas in different directions in the material conveying process, so that the plasticizing and mixing effects of the materials are enhanced.
2. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method of claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speeds of the homodromous rotation and the heterodromous rotation are equal in the three screw systems.
3. The bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion equipment is characterized by comprising a driving motor, a speed reduction distribution transmission case and three screw systems, wherein the driving motor is connected with the speed reduction distribution transmission case through a coupler, three output shafts in the speed reduction distribution transmission case are connected with the three screw systems through spline sleeves, each three screw system comprises a main screw and 2 auxiliary screws, the main screw is meshed with 1 auxiliary screw in a same-direction rotation manner, and the main screw is meshed with the other auxiliary screw in a different-direction rotation manner.
4. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the main screw and the 2 auxiliary screws are horizontally arranged in a straight line shape, and the 2 auxiliary screws are respectively positioned on two sides of the main screw.
5. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the main screw is equal to or larger than that of the auxiliary screw.
6. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the speed reduction distribution transmission box comprises an input shaft, an intermediate gear shaft, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, a third output shaft, a first gear shaft, a third gear shaft and a transition gear;
one end of the input shaft is connected with a first transmission gear, two ends of the first gear shaft are respectively provided with a second transmission gear and a third transmission gear, the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, and the first output shaft is connected with the first gear shaft;
a fourth transmission gear and a fifth transmission gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second gear shaft, and the third transmission gear is meshed with the fourth transmission gear; a sixth transmission gear and a seventh transmission gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the third transmission gear shaft, and the sixth transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear;
one end of the second output shaft and one end of the third output shaft are respectively provided with an eighth transmission gear and a ninth transmission gear, the second output shaft and the third output shaft are respectively arranged on two sides of the first output shaft, the eighth transmission gear is meshed with the fifth transmission gear, the ninth transmission gear, the transition gear and the seventh transmission gear are sequentially meshed, and one end of the first output shaft is connected with one end of the intermediate gear shaft.
7. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the third transmission gear and the fourth transmission gear and the first-stage speed increase between the fifth transmission gear and the eighth transmission gear is one.
8. The bi-directional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing, mixing and extruding device of claim 6, wherein: the total speed ratio of the first-stage speed reduction between the second transmission gear and the sixth transmission gear and the second-stage speed increase between the seventh transmission gear, the filtering gear and the ninth transmission gear is one.
CN202111118550.XA 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment Pending CN114474670A (en)

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CN202111118550.XA CN114474670A (en) 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment
PCT/CN2022/120935 WO2023046082A1 (en) 2021-09-24 2022-09-23 Same-direction and opposite-direction coordinated, triple-screw, enhanced plasticizing, mixing, and extrusion method and equipment

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111118550.XA CN114474670A (en) 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 Bidirectional synergistic three-screw reinforced plasticizing mixing extrusion method and equipment

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