CN114471842B - Vertical shaft assembly structure of vertical shaft type impact crusher - Google Patents
Vertical shaft assembly structure of vertical shaft type impact crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN114471842B CN114471842B CN202210099917.6A CN202210099917A CN114471842B CN 114471842 B CN114471842 B CN 114471842B CN 202210099917 A CN202210099917 A CN 202210099917A CN 114471842 B CN114471842 B CN 114471842B
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- vertical shaft
- bearing
- plate
- rotor
- oil
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
- B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C13/2804—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements being rigidly connected to the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
- F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N23/00—Special adaptations of check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
- F16N7/38—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention provides a vertical shaft component structure of a vertical shaft type impact crusher, which comprises a vertical shaft seat arranged on a frame, a vertical shaft component arranged on the vertical shaft seat, and further comprises: the lower end of the vertical shaft component is connected with a belt pulley, the upper end of the vertical shaft component is connected with an elastic buffer structure and a rotor component, and the elastic buffer component and the rotor component rotate along the vertical shaft; the elastic buffer structure comprises a balance plate, a bearing plate and a rotor bottom plate of a connected rotor assembly, wherein the balance plate, the bearing plate and the rotor bottom plate are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, an elastic damping part is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, the bearing plate is enabled to be opposite to the balance plate and can stretch and retract up and down to absorb shock, a compressible elastic space is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, and the bearing plate is rigidly connected with the rotor bottom plate to bear impact load of the rotor bottom plate. The invention equalizes the large load impact of the rotor base plate and absorbs and buffers the impact force, thereby improving the adaptability of the vertical shaft component to the impact with uncertain direction and unbalanced mass distribution from the rotor component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machine-made sand making equipment, in particular to a vertical shaft assembly structure of a vertical shaft type impact crusher.
Background
Along with the restriction and prohibition of the exploitation of natural sand (river sand) by the country, the market has set higher requirements on artificial sand (machine-made sand), and the sand grading is required to reach the two-zone sand standard in GB/T14684, and about 85% of the two-zone sand is medium-fine sand. It is known that the existing crusher used in machine-made sand production is basically vertical shaft type impact crusher, and the crusher mainly utilizes centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of a circular impeller to throw out stones in the center of the impeller at high speed, so that the stones collide with each other in a high-speed autorotation state and are crushed to sand with the diameter less than 4.75mm, and the produced machine-made sand is mainly in an excellent cube shape, but the grading is rough and the coarse sand is seriously rough, so that in the whole production process, most of coarse sand in a finished product needs to be returned to the vertical shaft impact crusher again by screening to continue crushing. The grain size of coarse sand is 2-4.75mm, and the original rotating speed of the circular impeller cannot generate enough kinetic energy due to the fact that the grain size is too small, so that the material cannot be effectively crushed, coarse sand is repeatedly circulated in the equipment, and the yield of fine sand is very small, so that the rotating speed of the rotor is considered to be improved, and the circular impeller generates higher kinetic energy.
Meanwhile, as the feeding mode of the vertical shaft impact crusher is to discharge materials into the crushing cavity and the rotor bottom plate from the upper part of the material tray, the blanking position, the mass and the impact force of the materials are uncertain and uneven, and the mass distribution and the impact in the rotor are uncertain and uneven, the rotor rotating at high speed can be unbalanced due to uneven mass distribution and uneven impact force and uncertainty, violent vibration is generated, and the opposite shaft and the bearing can generate unidirectionally and unidirectionally impact force and torque. Therefore, the ability to address the uncertainty impact of the vertical shaft assembly and the unbalanced mass distribution becomes critical in order to increase rotor speed.
In order to solve the problem, the vertical shaft supporting device of the CN201058298Y vertical shaft type impact crusher discloses that a hydrostatic bearing is adopted to replace a rolling bearing for supporting a vertical shaft in the existing vertical crusher, so that the supporting condition of the vertical shaft is improved, and the adaptability of the rotating speed of a rotor and the service life of the bearing to continuous random vibration is further improved. However, the oil supply system is complex and precise, and is not easy to maintain in the working condition site of outdoor mine crushing operation.
The technical scheme of the CN104722373A main shaft structure on the vertical shaft impact crusher, such as adjustment of a fixing mode of a main shaft and a main shaft box, combined sealing of three seals, oil way design of a main shaft group and the like, is used for improving the installation firmness, the sealing performance and the lubrication characteristic of the main shaft, but the adaptability of the vertical shaft group to uncertain random vibration and impact is on one hand but is not helpful enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical shaft component structure of a vertical shaft impact crusher, and aims to improve the adaptability of the vertical shaft component to the impact with unstable direction and unbalanced mass distribution from a rotor component.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a vertical shaft assembly structure of a vertical shaft impact crusher, comprising a vertical shaft seat arranged on a frame, and a vertical shaft assembly arranged on the vertical shaft seat, further comprising:
the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly is connected with a belt pulley, the upper end of the vertical shaft assembly is connected with an elastic buffer structure and a rotor assembly, and the elastic buffer assembly and the rotor assembly are rotated vertically;
elastic buffer structure: the device comprises a balance plate, a bearing plate and a rotor base plate, wherein the balance plate, the bearing plate and the rotor base plate are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, an elastic damping part is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, the bearing plate can be used for up-down telescopic damping relative to the balance plate, a compressible elastic space is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, the bearing plate is rigidly connected with the rotor base plate, and the impact load of the rotor base plate is received.
Preferably, the upper portion of balancing board sets up a plurality of guide posts, the upper portion of guide post sets up the loading board, set up on the loading board with the first direction through-hole that the guide post position corresponds, the guide post passes first direction through-hole, the upper end of guide post sets up spacing end cap, balancing board with set up coil spring on the guide post between the loading board.
Preferably, a plurality of second guide through holes are uniformly distributed in the bearing plate, a linear module is arranged in the second guide through holes, the linear module comprises a linear slide rail and a slide block, the linear slide rail and the slide block are respectively arranged on the bearing plate and the balance plate defined by the second guide through holes, and the slide block slides up and down relative to the linear slide rail when the compressible elastic space is compressed or stretched.
Preferably, a vertical shaft of the vertical shaft assembly is provided with a spacer sleeve, the upper end of the spacer sleeve is connected with an upper sliding bearing, the lower end of the spacer sleeve is connected with a lower rolling bearing and a supporting bearing, a rotor sleeve is arranged between the upper bearing and the lower bearing, the spacer sleeve, the upper sliding bearing, the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing are arranged around a vertical shaft circle to form a sealed lubrication channel, the upper sliding bearing is positioned and installed on an upper bearing end cover, the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing are positioned and installed on a lower bearing end cover, a spacer ring is arranged between the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing, and a sealing disc is arranged between the bearing end cover and the vertical shaft.
Preferably, an upper bearing end cover is communicated with an upper bearing lubrication cavity and is provided with an upper annular oil through groove, one side of the upper part of the rotor sleeve is provided with an oiling channel, the lower part of the oiling channel is provided with an oiling nozzle, and the upper part of the oiling channel is communicated with the upper annular oil through groove; the lower bearing end cover is provided with a lower annular oil through groove communicated with the lower rolling bearing, and the lower annular oil groove is communicated with an oil outlet.
Preferably, the other side of the upper end of the rotor sleeve is provided with a high-level overflow channel, and one side of the lower end of the rotor sleeve is provided with a low-level overflow channel.
Preferably, the high-order overflow channel is provided with a first one-way valve, and the low-order overflow channel is provided with a second one-way valve.
Preferably, the following thin oil lubrication system is employed: the lubrication system adopts two overflow valves with different pressure values, namely a first overflow valve and a second overflow valve, wherein the set pressure P1 of the first overflow valve, the set pressure P2 of the second overflow valve and the set pressure P2 of the second overflow valve are greater than P1, the first overflow valve and a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve are in the same working oil way, when the lubrication system works normally, the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is in a power-off state, the PLC controls the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve to be powered on, and the system lubrication pressure of the bearing depends on the set value P2 of the second overflow valve.
Compared with the related art, the vertical shaft assembly structure provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by arranging the elastic buffer structures on the upper part of the supporting vertical shaft and the lower part of the rotor bottom plate, the large load impact of the rotor bottom plate is subjected to primary equalization and impact force absorption buffer, so that the radial acting force and impact on the vertical shaft and the bearing are reduced, the bending moment generated by the opposite shaft is reduced, the deflection deformation of the lower part of the vertical shaft is reduced, the large load impact on the opposite shaft bearing is reduced, and the service life of the vertical shaft bearing, the rotor rotating speed and rated load are prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual-chamber elastic cushion structure c in FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the balance plate of the present invention showing the components in the upper second chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mechanism showing the components in the second cavity below the carrier plate from the bottom;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bearing part according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a mechanism in the first cavity of the upper part of the bearing part;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a U-shaped seal plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z-shaped sealing plate of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a lubrication system of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
1. vertical shaft, 2, rotor assembly, 201, rotor base plate, 3, pulley, 4, support bearing, 5, balance plate, 6, guide post, 601, first circle guide post, 602, second circle guide post, 603, limit end cap, 7, carrier plate, 701, first guide through hole, 702, second guide through hole, 703, circumferential notch, 8, coil spring, 9, press plate, 10, linear module, 1001, linear slide rail mounting plate, 1002, linear slide rail, 1003, slide block mounting plate, 1004, slide block, 11, connecting post, 1101, center connecting post, 1102, distal connecting post, 1103, connecting ring, 12, U-shaped sealing plate, 13, zigzag sealing plate, 14, spacer sleeve, 15, upper sliding bearing, 16, rotor sleeve, 17, upper bearing end cover, 1701, upper annular oil passing groove, 18, lower bearing end cover, 1801, lower annular oil passing groove, 19, oiling channel, 20, threaded hole, 21, high-order overflow channel, 22, first check valve, 23, low-order overflow channel, 24, second check valve, 25, lubrication pump, 26, oil tank, 27, filter, 28, manometer, 29, air cooling device, 30, first overflow valve, 31, second overflow valve, 32, two-position four-way solenoid valve, 33, lower rolling bearing, a, first cavity, b, second cavity, P, oiling mouth, T oil outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the vertical shaft assembly structure of the vertical shaft type impact crusher comprises a vertical shaft seat arranged on a frame and a vertical shaft group arranged on the vertical shaft seat, wherein the lower end of the vertical shaft group is connected with a belt pulley 3 through a belt pulley taper sleeve, and the upper end of the vertical shaft group is connected with a double-cavity elastic buffer structure c and a rotor assembly 2. Specifically, the vertical shaft group includes a vertical shaft 1, the vertical shaft 1 is positioned and installed in a vertical shaft box, the upper part of the vertical shaft 1 is connected with a balance plate 5 through a key, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the upper part of the balance plate 5 is provided with two circles of guide posts 6, a first circle of guide posts 601 is arranged at the center of the balance plate 5 above the vertical shaft 1, a second circle of guide posts 602 is arranged at the outer ring of the balance plate 5, each circle is provided with a plurality of guide posts 6 which are uniformly arranged, in other embodiments, the arrangement mode of the guide posts can be a plurality of concentric circles, the number of the guide posts of each circle, the specific number of circles and the size of the guide posts can be determined according to rotor load and impact force parameters through routine mechanical calculation, and the calculation is known and used by those skilled in the art. The upper portion of guide post 6 sets up loading board 7, set up on the loading board 7 with the first direction through-hole 701 that guide post 6 position corresponds, guide post 6 passes first direction through-hole 701, the upper end of guide post 6 sets up spacing end cap 603, balance plate 5 with set up coil spring 8 on the guide post 6 between the loading board 7, coil spring 8's both ends set up clamp plate 9, clamp plate 9 cover is located the outer lane of guide post 6. A second guiding through hole 702 is arranged in the middle of two adjacent second guiding posts 602 on the common circle line of the second circle guiding posts 602 of the bearing plate 7, and a linear module 10 is arranged in the second guiding through hole 702. Specifically, a linear slide rail mounting plate 1001 is disposed on one side of the second guiding through hole 702, and a linear slide rail 1002 is disposed on the linear slide rail mounting plate 1001. The corresponding position on the balance plate 5 is provided with a slide block mounting plate 1003, the slide block mounting plate 1003 is provided with a slide block 1004, and the slide block 1004 is matched with the linear slide rail 1002. The guide post 6, the coil spring 8 and the linear module 10 are all circumferentially arranged. The coil springs 8 balance and buffer unbalanced large load impact forces on the bearing plate 7, and reduce radial acting stress on the vertical shaft 1 and the bearing. The linear module 10 with the circumference corresponding to the spiral spring 8 holds the axial force and the movement path, reduces the radial acting force of the centrifugal acting force of the circular movement on the spiral spring 8, combines the action of the pressing plate, keeps the reduction, absorption and balance actions of the spiral spring 8 on the longitudinal large load impact, and improves the practical life of the spiral spring 8.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the size, number, arrangement manner of the guide posts, and the elastic modulus, model, pitch, length of the corresponding coil springs are selected according to the model, impact load, processing capacity, rated power, rated speed and other parameters of the specific vertical shaft crusher, which are determined according to conventional mechanical calculation, and the calculation can be specifically referred to "practical manual for designing and selecting shock absorber and standard for quality inspection", which is known and used by those skilled in the art, and the disclosure of the present invention is sufficient.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and other views, the upper portion of the carrier plate 7 is provided with a connecting post 11, the connecting post 11 includes a central connecting post 1101 closer to the rotation center, and further includes a distal connecting post 1102 farther from the rotation center, a connecting ring 1103 is disposed between the distal connecting posts 1102, the center of the connecting post 11 is provided with a connecting threaded hole 20, the upper portion of the carrier plate 7 is provided with a rotor assembly 2, and the connecting post 11 and the connecting ring 1103 are in bolt connection with a rotor bottom plate 201 of the rotor assembly 2. The carrier plate 7, the connection post 11 and the connection ring 1103 are integrally cast. A first cavity a is defined between the rotor base plate 201, the bearing plate 7 and the distal connecting post 1102 and the connecting ring 1103; a second cavity b is formed between the bearing plate 7 and the balance plate 5, and the space of the first cavity a is fixedly connected with the connecting ring 1103 through the connecting column 11 and becomes an upward movement space of the guide column 6, and the limit upward movement height of the limit cap 603 of the guide column 6 is not higher than the lower surface of the rotor bottom plate 201. The second cavity b is an elastic buffer cavity and is used for elastically buffering the unbalanced impact load on the rotor bottom plate 201, so that the radial impact force on the vertical shaft 1 is reduced, and the radial impact stress on the bearing is reduced.
The diameter of loading board 7 is greater than the diameter of balance board 5, and the edge of loading board 7 sets up the notch cuttype outer fringe, the top of notch cuttype outer fringe forms circumference breach 703, connect U type shrouding 12 as shown in fig. 7 on the circumference breach 703, U type shrouding 12 include with the last top surface of circumference breach 703 cooperation assembly still includes the bottom surface down, the inner circle diameter of bottom surface is greater than the diameter of loading board 7 down. The lower bottom surface of the U-shaped sealing plate 12 is connected with a Z-shaped sealing plate 13 shown in fig. 8 through bolts, and when the coil spring 8 naturally stretches, the lower edge of the Z-shaped sealing plate 13 is not connected and wrapped on the lower bottom surface of the balance plate 5. The impact unbalanced load on the rotor base plate 2 is elastically buffered and regulated by the stress balance through the second cavity b, so that the spiral spring 8 is compressed, the sliding block 1004 moves to a certain extent relative to the linear sliding rail 1002, the second cavity b is highly compressed, and the U-shaped sealing plate 12 drives the Z-shaped sealing plate 13 to move downwards. The special structures of the U-shaped sealing plate 12 and the Z-shaped sealing plate 13 are convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the relative tightness of the second cavity b is kept.
The double-cavity elastic buffer structure c is arranged on the upper part of the supporting vertical shaft and the lower part of the rotor bottom plate, so that the large load impact of the rotor bottom plate is subjected to primary equalization and impact force absorption buffer, the radial acting force and impact on the vertical shaft and the bearing are reduced, the bending moment generated by the opposite shaft is reduced, the deflection deformation of the lower part of the vertical shaft is reduced, the large load impact on the opposite shaft bearing is reduced, and the service life of the vertical shaft bearing, the rotor rotating speed and rated load are prolonged.
As shown in fig. 1 and 9, a spacer sleeve 14 is arranged on the transmission vertical shaft 1, the upper end is connected with an upper sliding bearing 15, the lower end is connected with a lower rolling bearing 33 and a support bearing 4, and the support bearing 4 adopts a self-aligning roller bearing. The spacer sleeve 14, the upper sliding bearing 15, the lower rolling bearing 33 and the support bearing 4 are provided with sealed lubrication channels around the circumference of the vertical shaft, and the lubricating oil flows from top to bottom between bearing gaps on the circumference of the vertical shaft, so that the lubricating oil is fully lubricated and the friction heat of the vertical shaft is taken away. A rotor sleeve 16 is provided between the upper and lower bearings. The upper sliding bearing 15 is positioned and installed on the upper bearing end cover 17, the lower rolling bearing 33 and the support bearing 4 are positioned and installed on the lower bearing end cover 18, and a spacer ring is arranged between the lower rolling bearing 33 and the support bearing 4. A sealing disc is arranged between the bearing end cover and the vertical shaft. The upper bearing end cover 17 is communicated with the upper bearing lubrication cavity, an upper annular oil through groove 1701 is formed in the upper portion of the rotor sleeve 16, an oil injection channel 19 is formed in one side of the upper portion of the rotor sleeve 16, an oil injection nozzle P is arranged at the lower portion of the oil injection channel 19, and the upper portion of the oil injection channel is communicated with the upper annular oil through groove 1701. The other side of the upper end of the rotor sleeve 16 is provided with a high-level overflow channel 21, the high-level overflow channel 21 is communicated with a high-level overflow pipeline, and the high-level overflow pipeline is provided with a first one-way valve 22. The lower bearing end cover 18 is provided with a lower annular oil through groove 1801 communicated with the lower rolling bearing 33, one side of the lower end of the rotor sleeve 16 is provided with a low-level overflow channel 23, the low-level overflow channel 23 is communicated with a low-level overflow pipeline, and the low-level overflow pipeline is provided with a second one-way valve 24. The high-level overflow channel 21 and the low-level overflow channel 23 are arranged at two opposite angles of the middle section of the rotor sleeve 16, and correspond to an upper bearing and a lower bearing respectively, and the lower annular oil groove is communicated with an oil outlet. The lubricating oil is rapidly distributed through bearing rotation after entering the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, and flows into the lower bearing group under the traction of self gravity, the lubricating oil which fails to flow out in time also flows into the lower bearing group through the overflow port, finally, the lubricating oil flows to the oil collecting groove through the overflow port and the bearing roller gap, and flows out to the thin oil station through the oil outlet T at the bottom of the oil collecting groove.
The upper oil inlet is pressurized to feed oil, so that the upper sliding bearing 14 is immersed for full lubrication, and the bearing bush, bearing gaps and the inside of the bearing bush are fully filled with lubricating oil. Specifically, when the vertical shaft rotates, the shaft neck is under the action of centrifugal force, and the center of the shaft is offset to the other side by a distance. A gap is formed in the sliding bearing, which is reduced from the large one. The rotation of the shaft causes pressurized lubricating oil with certain viscosity to squeeze into the small side of the gap from the large side of the gap, so that pressure is generated to lift the shaft, the working surfaces of the journal and the bearing are separated by an oil film, and dynamic pressure lubrication is realized. The lubricating oil extruded by the upper sliding bearing takes away the heat of the rotating shaft downwards and enters the lower rolling bearing at the lower part for lubrication. The friction surface of the upper sliding bearing is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, so that friction loss and surface abrasion can be reduced, a formed thicker oil film has certain shock absorption capacity, and the area for bearing load is large, so that complete liquid friction is easy to form during high-speed rotation, and the high-speed sliding bearing has stronger adaptability to large-load impact and high-speed rotation.
When the pressure of the internal lubricating oil is higher than the opening pressure of the one-way valve, the lubricating oil can partially flow out of the cavity, so that the upper bearing and the lower bearing are timely overflow protected, and overpressure resistance is avoided; on the other hand, the lubrication oil flowing out through the one-way valve is convenient for field personnel to intuitively observe the condition of the lubrication oil in the cavity, and is convenient for judging the use and adjustment of the hydraulic lubrication system.
This embodiment employs a thin oil lubrication system as shown in fig. 9: the motor starts to drive the lubricating pump 25 to work, and oil is absorbed from the oil tank 26 to supply oil to the system equipment through the filter 27, the pressure gauge 28 and other detection instruments and the air cooling device 29. The lubrication system adopts two overflow valves with different pressure values, namely a first overflow valve 30 and a second overflow valve 31, so as to meet the requirements of the system under different conditions. The set pressure P1 of the first relief valve 30 is smaller than the set relief valve pressure P2 of the second relief valve 31, and the first relief valve 30 and one two-position four-way solenoid valve 32 are in the same working oil path. When the lubrication system is working normally, the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve 32 is in a power-off state, and the system pressure is dependent on the set value of the first overflow valve 30; when the impact load of the vertical shaft is increased, the rotation speed is higher, the dynamic load of the vertical shaft can directly act on the bearing under the working conditions of sudden stop and start of equipment, instant heavy load contact collision and forced vibration are generated, at the moment, the PLC controls the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve to be electrified, the system lubrication pressure of the bearing depends on the set value of the second overflow valve to be P2, so that the wedge-shaped gap in the lubrication cavity of the bearing is increased, more lubricating oil is injected to form instant thickened oil film, the impact load and other dynamic pressures are absorbed and decompressed better, the action stress of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is reduced, and the bearing is more beneficial to bearing the impact load. And the lubrication pump is started in a inching way, and when the system pressure is lower than the set value of the pressure controller, the oil pump is automatically driven to work, so that the lubrication requirement of the host machine is ensured.
According to the embodiment, the upper sliding bearing is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shaft, the rolling bearing is arranged at the lower end of the vertical shaft, and the optimized lubrication system is matched, so that the liquid lubrication condition is ensured, and the structure of the vertical shaft group is more beneficial to high-speed operation of large load on the vertical shaft crusher; by arranging the double-pressure lubrication station system of the first overflow valve and the second overflow valve, lubrication of the bearing of the opposite shaft is performed under different working conditions, such as large impact load, high rotation speed, sudden stop and start working conditions of equipment and the like, of the bearing, the oil film of the sliding bearing is thickened, better vibration absorption capability is achieved, starting thrust is improved, and unbalanced impact load is borne.
According to the embodiment, the double-cavity elastic buffer structure, the rolling and sliding bearings of the vertical shaft and the matched double-pressure regulating and controlling lubrication system are used for balancing, buffering, absorbing and bearing coping and protecting unbalanced impact loads of the rotor of the vertical shaft crusher in multiple aspects, the service life of the vertical shaft bearing is prolonged, the vertical shaft bearing seat can bear larger impact and vibration, the rotating speed is improved, and the vertical shaft bearing seat is safer and more reliable.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a vertical scroll subassembly structure of vertical scroll formula impact crusher, includes the vertical axle seat that sets up in the frame to and the vertical scroll subassembly that sets up on the vertical axle seat, its characterized in that still includes:
the lower end of the vertical shaft assembly is connected with a belt pulley, the upper end of the vertical shaft assembly is connected with an elastic buffer structure and a rotor assembly, and the elastic buffer structure and the rotor assembly rotate vertically;
elastic buffer structure: the device comprises a balance plate, a bearing plate and a rotor bottom plate, wherein the balance plate, the bearing plate and the rotor bottom plate are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, an elastic damping part is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, so that the bearing plate can stretch and damp up and down relative to the balance plate, a compressible elastic space is arranged between the balance plate and the bearing plate, and the bearing plate is rigidly connected with the rotor bottom plate to bear the impact load of the rotor bottom plate; the bearing plate is provided with a plurality of second guide through holes which are uniformly distributed, a linear module is arranged in the second guide through holes, the linear module comprises a linear slide rail and a slide block, the linear slide rail and the slide block are respectively arranged on the bearing plate and the balance plate which are defined by the second guide through holes, and the slide block slides up and down relative to the linear slide rail when the compressible elastic space is compressed or stretched; the straight line module is circumferentially arranged;
the upper portion of balancing board sets up a plurality of guide posts, the upper portion of guide post sets up the loading board, set up on the loading board with the first direction through-hole that the guide post position corresponds, the guide post passes first direction through-hole, the upper end of guide post sets up spacing end cap, the balancing board with set up coil spring on the guide post between the loading board.
2. The vertical shaft assembly structure of the vertical shaft impact crusher according to claim 1, wherein a spacer sleeve is arranged on a vertical shaft of the vertical shaft assembly, an upper sliding bearing is connected to an upper end of the vertical shaft assembly, a lower rolling bearing and a supporting bearing are connected to a lower end of the vertical shaft assembly, a rotor sleeve is arranged between the upper bearing and the lower bearing, the spacer sleeve, the upper sliding bearing, the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing are arranged to form a sealed lubrication channel around a vertical shaft circle, the upper sliding bearing is positioned and installed on an upper bearing end cover, the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing are positioned and installed on a lower bearing end cover, a spacer ring is arranged between the lower rolling bearing and the supporting bearing, and sealing discs are arranged between the upper bearing end cover and the vertical shaft.
3. The vertical shaft assembly structure of the vertical shaft impact crusher according to claim 2, wherein the upper bearing end cover is communicated with an upper bearing lubrication cavity and provided with an upper annular oil through groove, one side of the upper part of the rotor sleeve is provided with an oil injection channel, the lower part of the oil injection channel is provided with an oil injection nozzle, and the upper part of the oil injection channel is communicated with the upper annular oil through groove; the lower bearing end cover is provided with a lower annular oil through groove communicated with the lower rolling bearing, and the lower annular oil groove is communicated with an oil outlet.
4. A vertical shaft assembly structure of a vertical shaft impact crusher according to claim 3, wherein the other side of the upper end of the rotor sleeve is provided with a high-level overflow channel, and the one side of the lower end of the rotor sleeve is provided with a low-level overflow channel.
5. The vertical shaft assembly structure of a vertical shaft impact crusher of claim 4, wherein a first check valve is provided on the high overflow channel and a second check valve is provided on the low overflow channel.
6. The vertical shaft assembly structure of a vertical shaft impact crusher of claim 5, wherein a thin oil lubrication system is employed as follows: the thin oil lubrication system adopts two overflow valves with different pressure values, namely a first overflow valve and a second overflow valve, wherein the set pressure P1 of the first overflow valve, the set pressure P2 of the second overflow valve and the set pressure P2 of the second overflow valve are more than P1, the first overflow valve and a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve are in the same working oil way, when the thin oil lubrication system works normally, the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is in a power-off state, the PLC controls the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve to be powered on, and the system lubrication pressure of a bearing depends on the set value P2 of the second overflow valve.
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| CN114471842A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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