CN114471483A - Three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/44—Materials comprising a mixture of organic materials
- B01J2220/445—Materials comprising a mixture of organic materials comprising a mixture of polymers
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
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- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of textile processing, in particular to a three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the three-dimensional composite non-woven material comprises the following steps: s10 preparing a cellulose non-woven material; s20 modification of cellulose nonwoven material; s30 construction of three-dimensional polydopamine @ cellulose nonwoven material. The invention takes cellulose fiber as a base material, prepares a non-woven material by non-woven net forming and reinforcing technologies, constructs a functional layer on the surface of the fiber by adopting an in-situ polymerization modification method to obtain the polydopamine @ cellulose fiber composite non-woven material, and further carries out interlayer consolidation on the multilayer modified non-woven material by adopting a non-woven reinforcing technology to prepare the three-dimensional polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material. The preparation method is simple in preparation process, low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and can realize rapid and continuous printing and dyeing wastewater treatment. In addition, the material of the invention has wide application prospect in the fields of metal ion adsorption, water filtration, separation and purification and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile processing, in particular to a three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Organic dyes are one of the most important chemical dyes in the world today. In the production of textile, wood, paint, rubber, plastic, oil knee and other plants, large volumes of waste water are produced containing many dyes and other large amounts of contaminants. The organic pollutants in the wastewater have the characteristics of complex structure, high chromaticity, strong toxicity, difficult degradation and the like. If the organic dye wastewater is not effectively treated and flows into the environment, not only the aquatic organisms are harmed, but also the health and survival of human beings are seriously harmed, and conditions such as diarrhea, vomiting, paralysis, shock and the like are caused, and even more seriously, gene mutation and even cancer can be caused, and finally death can be caused.
At present, the treatment method of organic dye wastewater in the textile industry mainly comprises three types, namely a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method, and comprises the technologies of adsorption, membrane separation, coagulation, oxidation reduction, electrochemistry and the like. The adsorption method has the advantages of good decolorizing effect, simple operation, low cost, wide adsorbent source and the like, and is widely applied. Compared with traditional printing and dyeing wastewater adsorbing materials such as activated carbon, bentonite, zeolite, ion exchange resin, chelating resin and the like, the non-woven material has the advantages of high production efficiency, high yield, low cost, good processability, good structure controllability and the like, shows excellent application prospects in the aspect of preparation of printing and dyeing wastewater treating materials, but still faces bottleneck problems of complex modification process, easy generation of secondary pollution, difficulty in realizing continuous treatment and the like.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application needs to provide a three-dimensional composite nonwoven material for wastewater treatment and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment comprises the following steps:
s10, preparation of the cellulose non-woven material: taking cellulose fiber as a raw material, forming a net, preparing cellulose non-woven materials (CNMs) by a non-woven reinforcement process, and cleaning and drying the cellulose non-woven materials with ethanol for later use;
s20, modification of the cellulose non-woven material: firstly, preparing a dopamine DA modified solution with a certain concentration, then completely immersing CNMs subjected to alcohol washing in S10 into the modified solution according to a certain impregnation ratio, carrying out polymerization reaction for a period of time under a certain condition, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain polydopamine @ cellulose composite nonwoven materials PDA @ CNMs;
s30, construction of the three-dimensional poly-dopamine @ cellulose non-woven material: and (3) carrying out multilayer lamination on the PDA @ CNMs in the S20, and combining a non-woven technology to carry out interlayer reinforcement on the non-woven material aggregate stacked in a layered mode to obtain the three-dimensional polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material 3D-PDA @ CNMs in various shapes.
Preference is given toIn step S10, the method includes the following steps: fiber feeding → open mixing → pre-carding → laying → reinforcement → cellulose nonwoven material; the net forming mode is carding net forming or air-laid net forming; the reinforcing mode is spunlace, needling or thermal bonding; the thickness of the cellulose non-woven material is 0.1-0.5mm, and the gram weight is 30-50g/m2。
Preferably, in the step S20, the concentration of the modified solution is 0-10 mg/mL; the impregnation ratio of the non-woven material to the modification solution is 0.1-5%; the oscillation speed of the modification condition is 0-300 rpm; the modification time is 0-24 h; the modification temperature is 20-80 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S30, the plurality of layers is 1 to 20 layers; the non-woven reinforcement technology is one or two of a needling process and a stitch bonding technology; the shapes are cylindrical, trapezoidal or polygonal; the gram weight of the three-dimensional poly-dopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material is 150-300g/m2。
Preferably, the needling depth is 0.5-10mm, and the needling density is 50-250 punches/cm2The number of acupuncture channels is 1-3; the number of the stitch-knitting machine is less than 10, and the stitch-knitting yarns are made of one or more of cotton, viscose, polyester filament yarns or nylon filament yarns.
The invention also provides a three-dimensional composite non-woven material prepared by the preparation method of the three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment, and the three-dimensional composite non-woven material can quickly and efficiently adsorb and separate harmful substances such as organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention takes cellulose fiber as a base material, prepares a non-woven material by non-woven net forming and reinforcing technologies, constructs a functional layer on the surface of the fiber by adopting an in-situ polymerization modification method to obtain the polydopamine @ cellulose fiber composite non-woven material, and further carries out interlayer consolidation on the multilayer modified non-woven material by adopting the non-woven reinforcing technology to prepare the three-dimensional polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material, thereby expanding the application performance of the non-woven material in the field of printing and dyeing wastewater.
2. The polydopamine-containing functional layer on the surface of the regenerated cellulose fiber has high-efficiency dye adsorption performance, and meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the pore structure communicated with the non-woven material and the stitch-bonded three-dimensional laminated structure is combined, so that the three-dimensional polydopamine-containing cellulose composite non-woven material has high-efficiency and rapid dye adsorption performance, and pollutants in water can be removed in a rapid flowing state.
3. The preparation method is simple in preparation process, low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and can realize rapid and continuous printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of appearance before (a) and after (b) modification of the nonwoven material of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a chart of the infrared spectra of a nonwoven material of the present invention before and after modification;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the static absorbance curves of the composite nonwoven material before and after modification to methylene blue dye in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing the amount of methylene blue absorbed by composite nonwoven materials of the present invention at different concentrations.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for preparing a three-dimensional type composite nonwoven material for wastewater treatment includes the steps of:
s10, preparation of the cellulose non-woven material:taking cellulose fiber as raw material, carding or air-laying, and making into product with thickness of 0.1-0.5mm and gram weight of 30-50g/m by spunlace, needle punching or thermal bonding consolidation process2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are cleaned by ethanol and dried for standby;
s20, modification of the cellulose non-woven material: firstly, preparing a Dopamine (DA) modified solution with the concentration of 0-10mg/mL, then completely immersing the alcohol-washed CNMs in S10 into the modified solution according to the impregnation ratio of 0.1-5% of the non-woven material to the modified solution, carrying out polymerization reaction for 0-24h at the rotation speed of 0-300rpm and the temperature of 20-80 ℃, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain a polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (PDA @ CNMs);
s30, construction of the three-dimensional poly-dopamine @ cellulose non-woven material: 1-20 layers of PDA @ CNMs in S20 are laminated, and the non-woven material aggregate stacked in layers is subjected to interlayer reinforcement by combining one or two non-woven technologies of needling and stitch bonding, so that the cylindrical, trapezoidal or multi-variant non-woven material aggregate with the gram weight of 150g/m2The three-dimensional poly dopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (3D-PDA @ CNMs).
Wherein the needling depth is 0.5-10mm, and the needling density is 50-250 needling/cm2The number of acupuncture channels is 1-3; the number of the stitch-knitting machine is less than 10, and the stitch-knitting yarns adopt one or more of cotton, viscose, polyester filament yarns or nylon filament yarns.
The invention also provides a three-dimensional composite non-woven material prepared by the preparation method of the three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment, and the three-dimensional composite non-woven material can quickly and efficiently adsorb and separate harmful substances such as organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater.
Example 1
S10, using cellulose fiber as raw material, carding into net, and then obtaining the product with thickness of 0.3mm and gram weight of 42g/m by thermal bonding consolidation process2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are cleaned by ethanol and dried for standby;
s20, firstly, preparing a Dopamine (DA) modified solution with the concentration of 0.1mg/mL, then, completely immersing the alcohol-washed CNMs in the S10 into the modified solution according to the impregnation ratio of 0.1% of the non-woven material to the modified solution, carrying out polymerization reaction for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 0rpm and the temperature of 20 ℃, taking out the solution, washing with water, and drying to obtain the polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (PDA @ CNMs);
s30, overlapping the PDA @ CNMs in the S20 by 10 layers, and combining the stitch-bonding non-woven technology to carry out interlayer reinforcement on the non-woven material aggregate stacked in layers to obtain a trapezoidal shape with the gram weight of 150g/m2The three-dimensional poly dopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (3D-PDA @ CNMs).
In the non-woven reinforcement technique in step S30, the stitch-knitting machine number is 7, and the stitch-knitting yarns are cotton fibers.
Example 2
S10, preparing the fiber with thickness of 0.1mm and gram weight of 35g/m by taking cellulose fiber as raw material, carding into net and then carrying out spunlace consolidation process2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are cleaned by ethanol and dried for standby;
s20, firstly, preparing a Dopamine (DA) modified solution with the concentration of 3mg/mL, then, completely immersing the alcohol-washed CNMs in the S10 into the modified solution according to the impregnation ratio of 0.3% of the non-woven material to the modified solution, carrying out polymerization reaction for 8 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm and the temperature of 35 ℃, taking out the solution, washing with water, and drying to obtain the polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (PDA @ CNMs);
s30, carrying out 15-layer lamination on the PDA @ CNMs in the S20, and carrying out interlayer reinforcement on the non-woven material assembly stacked in a layered mode by combining the needle punching and stitch-bonding non-woven technologies to obtain a cylindrical shape with the gram weight of 200g/m2The three-dimensional poly dopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (3D-PDA @ CNMs).
Wherein, in the non-woven reinforcement technique in the step S30, the needling depth is 0.6mm, and the needling density is 100 punches/cm2The number of acupuncture channels is 1; the number of the stitch-knitting machine is 5, and the stitch-knitting yarns adopt cotton fibers.
Example 3
S10, using cellulose fiber as raw material throughAfter air laying, the mixture is made into the product with the thickness of 0.1mm and the gram weight of 30g/m by a spunlace consolidation process2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are cleaned by ethanol and dried for standby;
s20, firstly, preparing a Dopamine (DA) modified solution with the concentration of 1mg/mL, then completely immersing the CNMs subjected to alcohol washing in the S10 into the modified solution according to the impregnation ratio of 1% of the non-woven material to the modified solution, carrying out polymerization reaction at the rotating speed of 300rpm and the temperature of 30 ℃ for 12 hours, then taking out the CNMs, washing with water, and drying to obtain the polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material (PDA @ CNMs).
Comparative example 1
Taking cellulose fiber as raw material, carding into web, and spunlacing to obtain the product with thickness of 0.1mm and gram weight of 32g/m2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are subjected to ethanol cleaning and drying processes for standby.
Comparative example 2
S10, preparing the cellulose fiber into the product with the thickness of 0.1mm and the gram weight of 35g/m by the spunlace consolidation process after air laying by taking the cellulose fiber as the raw material2The Cellulose Nonwoven Materials (CNMs) are subjected to ethanol cleaning and drying processes for standby.
S20, superposing 6 layers of CNMs in S10, and combining the stitch-bonding technology to carry out interlayer reinforcement on the non-woven material aggregate piled in a layered way to obtain a cylindrical shape with the gram weight of 180g/m2The three-dimensional cellulose composite nonwoven material of (1).
TABLE 1 static saturated adsorption performance (mg/g) of composite nonwoven materials to methylene blue dye
| Comparative example 1 | Example 2 | |
| 50mg/L methylene blue adsorption capacity | 14.2mg/g | 130.6mg/g |
Table 2 shows the selective adsorption performance (mg/g) of the composite nonwoven material for organic dyes
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a three-dimensional composite non-woven material for wastewater treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, preparation of the cellulose non-woven material: taking cellulose fiber as a raw material, forming a net, preparing cellulose non-woven materials (CNMs) by a non-woven reinforcement process, and cleaning and drying the cellulose non-woven materials with ethanol for later use;
s20, modification of the cellulose non-woven material: firstly, preparing a dopamine DA modified solution with a certain concentration, then completely immersing CNMs subjected to alcohol washing in S10 into the modified solution according to a certain impregnation ratio, carrying out polymerization reaction for a period of time under a certain condition, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain polydopamine @ cellulose composite nonwoven materials PDA @ CNMs;
s30, construction of the three-dimensional poly-dopamine @ cellulose non-woven material: and (3) carrying out multilayer lamination on the PDA @ CNMs in the S20, and combining a non-woven technology to carry out interlayer reinforcement on the non-woven material aggregate stacked in a layered mode to obtain the three-dimensional polydopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material 3D-PDA @ CNMs in various shapes.
2. The method of preparing a three-dimensional type composite nonwoven material for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the step S10 includes the steps of: fiber feeding → open mixing → pre-carding → laying → reinforcement → cellulose nonwoven material; the net forming mode is carding net forming or air-laid net forming; the reinforcing mode is spunlace, needle punching or thermal bonding; the thickness of the cellulose non-woven material is 0.1-0.5mm, and the gram weight is 30-50g/m2。
3. The method for preparing a three-dimensional composite nonwoven material for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S20, the concentration of the modification solution is 0 to 10 mg/mL; the impregnation ratio of the non-woven material to the modification solution is 0.1-5%; the oscillation speed of the modification condition is 0-300 rpm; the modification time is 0-24 h; the modification temperature is 20-80 ℃.
4. The method of producing a three-dimensional type composite nonwoven material for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S30, the plurality of layers is 1 to 20 layers; the non-woven reinforcement technology is one or two of a needling process and a stitch bonding technology; the shapes are cylindrical, trapezoidal or polygonal; the gram weight of the three-dimensional poly-dopamine @ cellulose composite non-woven material is 150-300g/m2。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the needling depth is 0.5-10mm, and the needling density is 50-250 punches/cm2The number of acupuncture channels is 1-3; the number of the stitch-knitting machine is less than 10, and the stitch-knitting yarns are made of one or more of cotton, viscose, polyester filament yarns or nylon filament yarns.
6. The three-dimensional composite nonwoven material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by being capable of rapidly and efficiently adsorbing and separating harmful substances such as organic dyes and heavy metal ions in wastewater.
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| CN113774562A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-10 | 苏鹏 | Modified cellulose spunlace non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN113880180A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Preparation method of folding filter element capable of removing heavy metal |
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