CN114470584A - Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114470584A
CN114470584A CN202210089556.7A CN202210089556A CN114470584A CN 114470584 A CN114470584 A CN 114470584A CN 202210089556 A CN202210089556 A CN 202210089556A CN 114470584 A CN114470584 A CN 114470584A
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China
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
releasing carbon
solid material
heating
releasing
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Pending
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CN202210089556.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈兆文
孙世操
刘彦洋
白亚楠
苗雷
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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Priority to CN202210089556.7A priority Critical patent/CN114470584A/en
Publication of CN114470584A publication Critical patent/CN114470584A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0007Solid extinguishing substances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/06Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a coiled solid material and a device for releasing carbon dioxide, belonging to the technical field of chemical industry. Mixing polyethylene polyamine with water with the purity of deionized water being higher than that of the deionized water to obtain a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution; then introducing carbon dioxide gas into a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution, reacting for more than 0.5h at the temperature of 60-110 ℃ under the pressure of more than or equal to 1.5MPa, cooling after the reaction is finished, and grinding to obtain powder; and finally, hermetically wrapping the powder by using a plastic film with a melting point lower than the decomposition temperature of the powder, and rolling and forming to obtain the coiled solid material releasing the carbon dioxide. When in use, the material can be decomposed by heating to release carbon dioxide. The device is provided with the transmission mechanism and the heating mechanism, the coiled solid material releasing carbon dioxide is conveyed to the heating mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the carbon dioxide is released after heating, so that the device can be used for extinguishing fire, vegetable greenhouses and other scenes needing to use carbon dioxide.

Description

Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coiled solid material and a device for releasing carbon dioxide, belonging to the technical field of chemical industry.
Background
Gaseous carbon dioxide is widely used in various fields such as for carbonizing soft drinks, pH control of water treatment processes, chemical processing, food preservation, inert protection of chemical and food processing processes, welding gas, plant growth stimulants, for hardening molds and cores in casting and for pneumatic devices, and in diluents for sterilizing gas. The carbon dioxide has the characteristics of non-combustion and non-combustion supporting, is a good fire extinguishing agent, and has the main function of reducing the oxygen content in air. Conventional fire extinguishing materials such as carbon dioxide extinguishants and dry powder extinguishants can extinguish fires with carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agents are typically pressurized carbon dioxide in liquid form into a fire extinguisher. The dry powder extinguishing agent is fine particles prepared by mixing and grinding an extinguishing substrate, a lubricant, a moisture-proof agent and the like; the fire extinguishing base material is usually sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and the like, when the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is used, the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is usually stored in a dry powder fire extinguisher, when the fire is extinguished, the dry powder is ejected from a nozzle by the pressure of pressurized gas carbon dioxide or nitrogen to form a mist-like powder flow clamping the pressurized gas, and the sodium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate is decomposed by heat to release carbon dioxide, water and the like. However, when the fire-extinguishing base material is ammonium carbonate, it releases carbon dioxide by heat, and also releases ammonia gas with pungent odor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a solid fire extinguishing material and a fire extinguishing apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide, said material being prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing polyethylene polyamine with water with the purity of deionized water being higher than that of the deionized water to obtain a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution;
(2) introducing carbon dioxide gas into a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution, reacting for more than 0.5h at 60-110 ℃ under the pressure of more than or equal to 1.5MPa, cooling after the reaction is finished, and grinding to obtain powder;
(3) and hermetically wrapping the powder by using a plastic film with a melting point lower than the decomposition temperature of the powder, and rolling and forming to obtain the coiled solid material releasing carbon dioxide.
In the step (1):
preferably, the polyethylene polyamine is polyethyleneimine or polyvinylamine.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the water to the amine group in the polyethylene polyamine is 1: 1-1.2: 1.
In the step (2):
preferably, the reaction pressure is 1.5MPa to 3.0MPa, the reaction temperature is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5h to 1 h.
In the step (3):
preferably, the plastic film is polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
Preferably, the thickness of the plastic film is 2mm to 3 mm.
Preferably, in use, the solid material is heated above the decomposition temperature to release carbon dioxide.
A device for releasing carbon dioxide comprises a shell, a rolled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide, a transmission mechanism, a heating mechanism and a collecting pool, wherein an air outlet is formed in the top of the shell, the rolled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide is placed in the shell, the transmission mechanism is used for conveying the rolled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide to the heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is used for heating the rolled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide, and the collecting pool is used for collecting non-gaseous products generated after the rolled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide is heated and decomposed.
Furthermore, the transmission mechanism comprises a reel, a rotating wheel, a leveling wheel, a motor, a conveying belt and two rollers; the heating mechanism comprises a heating bracket and a heating plate; the scroll, the rotating wheel, the leveling wheel and the two rollers are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell; one end of the heating support is fixed at the bottom of the shell, the other end of the heating support is connected with the heating plate, the heating plate is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the two rollers are respectively located at two ends of the heating plate, the two rollers are respectively connected with an output shaft of the motor through a conveying belt, the scroll is located on the upper portion of the shell, the rotating wheel and the leveling wheel are arranged opposite to the scroll and are sequentially located below the scroll, and the rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide is wound on the scroll and is tightly pressed on the heating plate through the roller after passing through the rotating wheel and the leveling wheel.
Further, the rolled solid material releasing the carbon dioxide is obtained by wrapping a material which can release the carbon dioxide by heating and decomposing and then rolling the material by a plastic film; the melting point of the plastic film is lower than the decomposition temperature of the material which can release carbon dioxide by heating and decomposition.
Further, the plastic film is polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
Furthermore, the thickness of the plastic film is 2 mm-3 mm.
Further, the roller is a heating roller.
Further, the device also comprises a fan, wherein the fan is arranged at the bottom of the shell and used for discharging carbon dioxide gas generated after the coiled solid material releasing carbon dioxide is heated and decomposed through the gas outlet.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide, which is solidified and stored in the material by reacting carbon dioxide gas with a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution, and the reaction equation is as follows:
RxNHy+H2O+CO2→RxNHy+1·HCO3
when in use, the material can be decomposed by heating to release carbon dioxide.
Furthermore, in the preparation process of the solid material, by controlling the dosage ratio of the polyethylene polyamine to the water, the mixture generated by the full reaction of the reactants can be solidified into a solid, and more carbon dioxide is consumed in the reaction, so that the use requirement is met.
The invention also provides a device for releasing carbon dioxide, wherein the transmission mechanism and the heating mechanism are arranged, the coiled solid material for releasing carbon dioxide is conveyed to the heating mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the carbon dioxide is released after heating, so that the device can be used for extinguishing fire, vegetable greenhouses and other scenes needing to use carbon dioxide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view showing the structure of a carbon dioxide releasing apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the structure of the apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide according to example 1 of the present invention.
The device comprises a shell 1, a gas outlet 2, a rolled solid material 3 releasing carbon dioxide, a scroll 4, a rotating wheel 5, a leveling wheel 6, a roller 7, a heating bracket 8, a heating plate 9, a motor 10, a conveyor belt 11, a collection tank 12 and a fan 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide, said material being prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) 500g of polyethyleneimine (number average molecular weight: 10000) is mixed with 210g of deionized water to obtain a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution;
(2) introducing carbon dioxide gas into a polyethyleneimine water solution, reacting for 1h at 90 ℃ under the pressure of 2MPa, and cooling and grinding after the reaction is finished to obtain powder;
(3) and hermetically wrapping the powder with an EVA film of 2mm, and rolling and forming to obtain the coiled solid material releasing carbon dioxide.
Infrared spectrum test is carried out on the powder in the step (2), and the result shows that the frequency is 3330cm-1~3030cm-1、1430cm-1~1380cm-1Has two strong absorption peaks of NH4 +Stretching vibration and bending vibration of the radicals. 2850cm-1、2550cm-1、1600cm-1、1280cm-1、830cm-1And 700cm-1Is HCO3 -Stretching vibration and bending vibration of the radicals.
The solid material was heated to 110 ℃ and the carbon dioxide release was measured to be 436g by the weight loss method.
Example 2
A rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide, said material being prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) 200g of polyvinylamine (with a number average molecular weight of 20000) was mixed with 85g of deionized water to obtain an aqueous polyvinylamine solution;
(2) introducing carbon dioxide gas into a polyvinylamine aqueous solution, reacting for 0.5h at 95 ℃ under the pressure of 1.8MPa, cooling after the reaction is finished, and grinding to obtain powder;
(3) and hermetically wrapping the powder with a 3mm EVA film, and rolling and forming to obtain the roll-shaped solid material releasing carbon dioxide.
Infrared spectrum test is carried out on the powder in the step (2), and the result shows that the frequency is 3330cm-1~3030cm-1、1430cm-1~1380cm-1Has two strong absorption peaks of NH4 +Stretching vibration and bending vibration of the radicals. 2850cm-1、2550cm-1、1600cm-1、1280cm-1、830cm-1And 700cm-1Is HCO3 -Stretching vibration and bending vibration of the radicals.
The solid material was heated to 110 ℃ and the carbon dioxide emission was 163g by weight loss.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1-2, an apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide comprises a housing 1, a rolled solid material 3 for releasing carbon dioxide, a transmission mechanism, a heating mechanism and a collection tank 12, wherein the top of the housing 1 is provided with an air outlet 2, the rolled solid material 3 for releasing carbon dioxide is placed in the housing 1, the transmission mechanism is used for conveying the rolled solid material 3 for releasing carbon dioxide to the heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is used for heating the rolled solid material 3 for releasing carbon dioxide, and the collection tank 12 is used for collecting non-gaseous products generated after the rolled solid material 3 for releasing carbon dioxide is decomposed by heating.
The transmission mechanism comprises a reel 4, a rotating wheel 5, a leveling wheel 6, a motor 10, a conveyor belt 11 and two rollers 7; the heating mechanism comprises a heating bracket 8 and a heating plate 9; the scroll 4, the rotating wheel 5, the leveling wheel 6 and the two rollers 7 are respectively connected on the inner wall of the shell 1; one end of a heating support 8 is fixed at the bottom of the shell 1, the other end of the heating support is connected with a heating plate 9, the heating plate 9 is arranged in a downward inclined mode, two rollers 7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating plate 9, the two rollers 7 are respectively connected with an output shaft of a motor 10 through a conveyor belt 11, the scroll 4 is arranged at the upper portion of the shell 1, the rotating wheel 5 and the leveling wheel 6 are arranged opposite to the scroll 4 and are sequentially arranged below the scroll 4, and the rolled solid material 3 releasing carbon dioxide is wound on the scroll 4 and is pressed on the heating plate 9 through the rotating wheel 5 and the leveling wheel 6 by the rollers 7.
The roller 7 is a heating roller.
The device also comprises a fan 13, wherein the fan 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and is used for discharging carbon dioxide gas generated after the coiled solid material 3 releasing carbon dioxide is heated and decomposed through the gas outlet 2.
When the device is used, the coiled solid material 3 which releases carbon dioxide and is prepared by the method in the embodiment 1 or 2 is wound on a reel, is pressed on a heating plate 9 by a roller 7 after passing through a rotating wheel 5 and a leveling wheel 6, is heated to a temperature higher than the decomposition temperature of the coiled solid material 3 which releases carbon dioxide, a motor is started to drive the coiled solid material 3 which releases carbon dioxide to move downwards along the heating plate, carbon dioxide generated after the coiled solid material 3 which releases carbon dioxide is decomposed is discharged from an air outlet 2 under the action of a fan, and non-gaseous products enter a collecting tank 12.
In summary, the invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, and any equivalent replacement or local modification made under the spirit and principle of the invention should be considered as being within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide, characterized in that: the material is prepared by the following method, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing polyethylene polyamine with water with the purity of deionized water being higher than that of the deionized water to obtain a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution;
(2) introducing carbon dioxide gas into a polyethylene polyamine aqueous solution, reacting for more than 0.5h at 60-110 ℃ under the pressure of more than or equal to 1.5MPa, cooling after the reaction is finished, and grinding to obtain powder;
(3) and hermetically wrapping the powder by using a plastic film with a melting point lower than the decomposition temperature of the powder, and rolling and forming to obtain the coiled solid material releasing carbon dioxide.
2. A rolled solid state material releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (1), the polyethylene polyamine is polyethyleneimine or polyvinylamine; the molar ratio of the water to the amino groups in the polyethylene polyamine is 1: 1-1.2: 1.
3. A rolled solid state material releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (2), the reaction pressure is 1.5MPa to 3.0MPa, the reaction temperature is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5h to 1 h.
4. A rolled solid state material releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), the plastic film is polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
5. A rolled solid state material releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (3), the thickness of the plastic film is 2 mm-3 mm.
6. A rolled solid material releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: when in use, the solid material is heated to a temperature above the decomposition temperature to release carbon dioxide.
7. An apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide, comprising: the device comprises a shell (1), a coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide, a transmission mechanism, a heating mechanism and a collecting pool (12), wherein an air outlet (2) is formed in the top of the shell (1), the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide is placed in the shell (1), the transmission mechanism is used for conveying the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide to the heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is used for heating the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide, and the collecting pool (12) is used for collecting non-gaseous products generated after the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide is heated and decomposed.
8. An apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the transmission mechanism comprises a reel (4), a rotating wheel (5), a leveling wheel (6), a motor (10), a conveyor belt (11) and two rollers (7); the heating mechanism comprises a heating bracket (8) and a heating plate (9); the scroll (4), the rotating wheel (5), the leveling wheel (6) and the two rollers (7) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); one end of a heating support (8) is fixed at the bottom of the shell (1), the other end of the heating support is connected with the heating plate (9), the heating plate (9) is arranged in a downward inclined mode, two rollers (7) are respectively located at two ends of the heating plate (9), the two rollers (7) are respectively connected with an output shaft of a motor (10) through a conveyor belt (11), the reel (4) is located at the upper portion of the shell (1), the rotating wheel (5) and the leveling wheel (6) are arranged opposite to the reel (4) and are sequentially located below the reel (4), and the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide is wound on the reel (4) and is tightly pressed on the heating plate (9) through the rotating wheel (5) and the leveling wheel (6) by the rollers (7).
9. An apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the roller (7) is a heating roller.
10. An apparatus for releasing carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the device also comprises a fan (13), wherein the fan (13) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1) and is used for discharging carbon dioxide gas generated after the coiled solid material (3) releasing carbon dioxide is heated and decomposed through the gas outlet (2).
CN202210089556.7A 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide Pending CN114470584A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210089556.7A CN114470584A (en) 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210089556.7A CN114470584A (en) 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Roll-shaped solid material and device for releasing carbon dioxide

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005161220A (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-23 Toshiba Corp Gas treatment apparatus
CN102343254A (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-02-08 浙江大学 Room-temperature CO2 solid amine adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN103785349A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-14 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 Preparation method of solid amine gas adsorption material
US20160199810A1 (en) * 2015-01-12 2016-07-14 University Of Southern California Regenerative adsorbents of modified amines on solid supports
CN217661210U (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-10-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 Device for releasing carbon dioxide

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005161220A (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-23 Toshiba Corp Gas treatment apparatus
CN102343254A (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-02-08 浙江大学 Room-temperature CO2 solid amine adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN103785349A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-14 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 Preparation method of solid amine gas adsorption material
US20160199810A1 (en) * 2015-01-12 2016-07-14 University Of Southern California Regenerative adsorbents of modified amines on solid supports
CN217661210U (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-10-28 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 Device for releasing carbon dioxide

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