CN114470016A - 一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法 - Google Patents
一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法。本发明实现中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，随机采集鸡新鲜粪便，采用饱和盐水漂浮法和水洗沉淀法进行初步诊断，收集虫卵并用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法进行虫卵计数，根据寄生虫虫卵及虫体形态特征，记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度,利用高退火温度‑随机扩增多态DNA(HAT‑RAPD)技术结合形态学特征，对近缘种群中形态不明确的物种进行鉴定，对近缘种群中形态不明确的物种进行鉴定,利用回收的活虫体进行体外抑虫杀虫试验，选取试验鸡，进行中药抗蠕虫的体内试验筛选出有效抗优势虫种的中药制成水煎剂或醇提剂，并确定中药的剂量及剂型，具备一定的使用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗技术领域，具体为一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法。
背景技术
从国内外蛋鸡产业养殖现状及发展形势分析，来自中国禽业统计数据，国内目前散养鸡数量约占蛋鸡行业45％左右，随着消费者需求的变化以及欧洲监管当局为改善蛋鸡福利而禁止使用传统鸡笼，蛋鸡寄生虫病不仅在散养鸡普遍发生，笼养鸡也屡见不鲜，其中，寄生虫病频繁发生，尤其蠕虫病往往被忽视，虽然蠕虫病死亡率不高，但生长迟缓，产蛋率降低，所造成的经济损失应该引起足够的重视，在寄生虫种鉴定中，形态差异是常用的方法。然而，仅从形态学角度很难准确鉴定物种水平，目前,寄生虫疫苗的一些关键技术尚未解决、生物防治效果低下还不能应用生产，化学药物进行驱虫仍然是寄生虫病防治的重要手段，肠道寄生线虫是世界各地动物体内最常见的寄生虫种，线虫的感染会影响动物的生长，降低畜禽的生产效率，导致饲料的严重浪费，长期大剂量驱虫药的使用已导致线虫药物抗性水平增加，产生耐药性；在驱虫效率降低的同时，也增加了养殖成本，随着人们生活水平不断提高、社会各界人士对食品安全问题越来越重视的今天，蛋鸡无抗养殖已经成了未来蛋鸡养殖行业的发展趋势，为此我们设计了一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法。
发明内容
本发明提供一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法可以解决上述背景技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，包括收集粪便样本、收集虫卵检测、收集成虫检测、应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测、制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂、体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验、确定驱虫效果、开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药，所述收集粪便样本根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检，所述收集虫卵检测包括虫卵镜检、虫卵计数、虫卵形态学鉴定，所述收集成虫检测包括剖感染鸡，收集成虫，虫体检查。
优选的，中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，收集粪便样本：根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检；
步骤二，收集虫卵检测：采用饱和食盐水漂浮检测法(虫卵的密度比饱和盐水低)和离心沉淀检测法(虫卵的密度比水大)进行镜检，显微镜下观察虫卵的形态和结构，用测微尺测量虫卵大小，并拍摄虫卵照片，再根据有关资料对虫卵进行鉴定，根据初步筛查结果，采用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法，进一步对粪便虫卵计数，大致推断寄生虫感染程度；
步骤三，收集成虫检测：根据虫卵计数结果，选取感染鸡只剖检，结扎消化道后，在1％盐水中剖开，将内容物洗入液体中，然后对粘膜循序仔细检查，洗下的内容物则反复加1％盐水沉淀，待液体清澈无色为止，再取沉渣进行检查，采用光学显微镜对收集的胃肠道蠕虫进行形态学观察，记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度；
步骤四，应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测：对于近缘种群中形态不明确的物种，采用高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术进行准确鉴定；
步骤五，制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂：选取具有驱虫作用的使君子、苦楝皮、石榴皮、鹤虱、雷丸、贯众等分别制成100％的水煎剂与醇提剂，作为抗蠕虫的试验用药物备用；
步骤六，体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验：购买自然感染鸡只后，进行屠宰，从肠道中回收至少160条鸡蛔虫，放入0.9％生理盐水的培养皿中，进行体外杀虫试验，选取体重没有差异的1.5月龄无寄生虫感染蛋鸡，每只鸡接种约3000个感染性蛔虫卵，进行体内驱虫实验；
步骤七，确定驱虫效果：采用单因素方差分析、t检验和卡方分析(x分析)对不同处理的定量数据进行统计分析；鸡蛔虫的形态用显微镜观察，测定不同浓度的成虫存活情况，并进行描述性分析；
步骤八，开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药：筛选出有效抗优势虫种的中药制成水煎剂或醇提剂，并确定中药的剂量及剂型。
优选的，所述步骤三中为了制备永久装片，标本被压平并在4％福尔马林中固定，为了进行分子分析，标本被冷冻在-20℃，以便稍后提取DNA，回收的蠕虫进行形态学调查，吸虫和绦虫用醋酸洋红或苏木精染色，分级酒精系列脱水，二甲苯透明，用中性树脂胶封片，线虫在分级酒精系列中脱水，用甘油透明，并用甘油明胶封片，依据相关资料描述，鉴定虫种。
优选的，所述步骤四中高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术使用5％Chelex(Fluka)溶液提取所有蠕虫的基因组DNA，提取的DNA被收集，并在-20℃下保存备用，利用市售的任意10个核苷酸的6个引物(Operon Biotechnology,Huntsville,Alabama,USA)对不同种类的成虫进行DNA指纹鉴定，在最终为20μl容积中进行HAT-RAPD PCR反应，根据是否有PCR产物对数据进行评分，利用6个任意引物进行PCR扩增后，得到HAT-RAPD DNA图谱，并对多态性标记进行评分，鉴定出多态性标记，准确鉴定虫种。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过收集粪便样本、收集虫卵检测、收集成虫检测、应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测、制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂、体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验、确定驱虫效果、开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药步骤实现中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，随机采集鸡新鲜粪便，采用饱和盐水漂浮法和水洗沉淀法进行初步诊断，收集虫卵并用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法进行虫卵计数，根据寄生虫虫卵及虫体形态特征，首次对蛋鸡不同品种、日龄、地区、不同季节、养殖规模、饲养方式的蛋鸡进行消化道蠕虫感染虫种和感染强度进行详细调查，选取感染鸡剖检，分段结扎消化道进行纵向切开，用1％盐水对消化道内容物反复水洗沉淀分离虫体，采用染色镜检对收集鸡消化道蠕虫进行形态学观察。记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度，首次应用HAT-RAPD技术结合形态学特征,利用高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术结合形态学特征，对近缘种群中形态不明确的物种进行鉴定，对近缘种群中形态不明确的物种进行鉴定，选取具有驱虫作用的使君子、川楝子、石榴皮、鹤虱、槟榔、雷丸、贯众等分别制成100％的水煎剂与醇提剂，作为试验用药物,利用回收的活虫体进行体外抑虫杀虫试验，选取试验鸡，进行中药抗蠕虫的体内试验筛选出有效抗优势虫种的中药制成水煎剂或醇提剂，并确定中药的剂量及剂型。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，包括收集粪便样本、收集虫卵检测、收集成虫检测、应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测、制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂、体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验、确定驱虫效果、开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药，所述收集粪便样本根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检，所述收集虫卵检测包括虫卵镜检、虫卵计数、虫卵形态学鉴定，所述收集成虫检测包括剖感染鸡，收集成虫，虫体检查。
本发明通过以下步骤完成整个促进人体白细胞增长，步骤一，收集粪便样本：根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检；
步骤二，收集虫卵检测：采用饱和食盐水漂浮检测法(虫卵的密度比饱和盐水低)和离心沉淀检测法(虫卵的密度比水大)进行镜检，显微镜下观察虫卵的形态和结构，用测微尺测量虫卵大小，并拍摄虫卵照片，再根据有关资料对虫卵进行鉴定，根据初步筛查结果，采用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法，进一步对粪便虫卵计数，大致推断寄生虫感染程度；
步骤三，收集成虫检测：根据虫卵计数结果，选取感染鸡只剖检，结扎消化道后，在1％盐水中剖开，将内容物洗入液体中，然后对粘膜循序仔细检查，洗下的内容物则反复加1％盐水沉淀，待液体清澈无色为止，再取沉渣进行检查，采用光学显微镜对收集的胃肠道蠕虫进行形态学观察，记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度；
步骤四，应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测：对于近缘种群中形态不明确的物种，采用高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术进行准确鉴定；
步骤五，制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂：选取具有驱虫作用的使君子、苦楝皮、石榴皮、鹤虱、雷丸、贯众等分别制成100％的水煎剂与醇提剂，作为抗蠕虫的试验用药物备用；
步骤六，体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验：购买自然感染鸡只后，进行屠宰，从肠道中回收至少160条鸡蛔虫，放入0.9％生理盐水的培养皿中，进行体外杀虫试验，选取体重没有差异的1.5月龄无寄生虫感染蛋鸡，每只鸡接种约3000个感染性蛔虫卵，进行体内驱虫实验；
步骤七，确定驱虫效果：采用单因素方差分析、t检验和卡方分析(x分析)对不同处理的定量数据进行统计分析；鸡蛔虫的形态用显微镜观察，测定不同浓度的成虫存活情况，并进行描述性分析；
步骤八，开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药：筛选出有效抗优势虫种的中药制成水煎剂或醇提剂，并确定中药的剂量及剂型。
虫卵检查主要采用饱和食盐水漂浮检测法(虫卵的密度比饱和盐水低)和离心沉淀检测法(虫卵的密度比水大)进行镜检，显微镜下观察虫卵的形态和结构，用测微尺测量虫卵大小，并拍摄虫卵照片，再根据有关资料对虫卵进行鉴定，为提高检测的准确率，对每份粪便进行3次镜检，只要1次为阳性，则判定该样本为阳性，饱和盐水漂浮法：取2g粪便放入50ml烧杯中，加入适量饱和盐水，用小镊子捣碎，并用棉签充分搅拌，然后添加饱和盐水充分混匀，通过铜筛过滤到锥形瓶内，使液面稍高于瓶口，将载玻片轻轻贴于瓶口，静置15min，取下载玻片并盖上盖玻片，在显微镜下观察，取5g被检粪便，置于平皿或烧杯中，加5倍量的清水，搅拌均匀，经粪筛和漏斗过滤到离心管中，置离心机上离心2-3min(电动离心机转速约为2500转/分)，然后倾去管内上层液体，再加清水搅匀，再离心，这样反复进行2-3次，直至上清液清亮为止，最后倾去大部分上清液，留约为沉淀物1/2的溶液量，用胶帽吸管吹吸均匀后，吸取适量粪汁(2滴左右)置载玻片上，加盖玻片镜检。
虫卵计数根据初步筛查结果，采用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法，进一步对粪便虫卵计数，大致推断寄生虫感染程度，麦克马斯特氏法：取粪便2g放于乳钵中先加水10mL，搅匀，再加饱和盐水50ml，充分振荡混合，通过细的粪筛过滤，后将滤液边摇晃边用吸管吸出少量滴入计数室内，置于显微镜台上，静置1-2min，用低倍镜将二个计数室内见到的虫卵全部数完，求两个刻度室中虫卵数的平均数，乘以200即为每克粪便中的虫卵数(EPG)，沉淀定量检查法，被检查粪便3g加水27ml，一齐放入一个三角烧瓶中，并加入30粒玻璃珠，用橡皮塞塞紧瓶口，充分震荡使粪便破碎均匀，将此混合液用粪筛过滤，粪便滤液充分混匀后，倒入刻度离心管内以1500转/分，离心3min，弃去上清夜，沉淀物加水定量混匀(稀释可根据需要而定，虫卵密度大时可加大稀释，密度小时，减少稀释)吸此混悬液0.1ml，分滴于两载玻片上，各盖22×22mm盖玻片一张，镜检，虫卵数/g粪＝0.1ml虫卵数×沉渣混悬液量×10/3，每克粪便中的虫卵数再乘以24h内粪便总克数即为每日所排虫卵数，为获得较正确的结果，每一被检粪便要同时3次(每天一次，连续3天)然后求其平均数。
体外实验：购买自然感染鸡只后，进行屠宰，从肠道中回收至少160条鸡蛔虫，放入0.9％生理盐水的培养皿中，备用，本试验分为8个组，分别将苦楝皮的水煎剂与醇提剂分为低、中、高剂量组(6组)、PBS组、左旋咪唑对照组，每组放置20条蛔虫浸泡6～8h，在体视显微镜下观察个体无运动后，记录死亡的鸡蛔虫，所有的图像捕捉过程均在奥林巴斯CX21显微镜下，使用奥林巴斯数码相机进行。
在显微镜下观察成虫的活性和存活情况，蛔虫的活动是由颈部的运动和收缩决定的，用软毛刷温和刺激后未表现出任何物理运动的蛔虫，被转移到温暖的PBS(40±1℃)中，暴露在温暖的溶液中，明显的蠕虫运动完全丧失被认为是瘫痪的迹象，如果刺激瘫痪蛔虫转移到更热的溶液(45℃)中，刺激超过30分钟后，没有任何身体活动，则确定蛔虫死亡(Deori&Yadav,2016)，每组实验重复3次。
中草药抗蠕虫的药效百分比由以下公式确定：
有效百分比＝(对照组中的平均蠕虫数量-治疗组中的平均蠕虫数量)/对照中的平均蠕虫数量×100％。
体内实验：选取体重没有差异的90只1.5月龄无寄生虫感染蛋鸡，分为9个组，除了空白对照组的10只鸡外，每只鸡接种约3000个感染性蛔虫卵，每天进行粪便观察和检查，每周称重一次，采用麦克马斯特法计数粪便中虫卵数，试验期56天，试验分组如下：
Ⅰ组：空白对照组，不接种感染性虫卵，用生理盐水处理；
Ⅱ组：阳性对照组，接种3000个感染性蛔虫卵，不做任何处理；
Ⅲ组：用低剂量苦楝皮水煎剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅳ组：用中剂量苦楝皮水煎剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅴ组：用高剂量苦楝皮水煎剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅵ组：用低剂量苦楝皮醇提剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅶ组：用中剂量苦楝皮醇提剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅷ组：用高剂量苦楝皮醇提剂治疗，连续饮水5天；
Ⅸ组：西药治疗组，左旋咪唑，按5mg/kg，连续拌料5天。
根据Iqbal et al.(2004)计算EPG计数的减少百分比，公式如下：
EPG减少率(％)＝(处理前EPG计数-处理后EPG计数/预处理EPG计数)×100。
采用单因素方差分析、t检验和卡方分析(x分析)对不同处理的定量数据进行统计分析；鸡蛔虫的形态用显微镜观察，测定不同浓度的成虫存活情况，并进行描述性分析，根据T.A.Yazwinski(2003)在Veterinary Parasitology发表的世界兽医寄生虫学会(WAAVP)评估驱虫药对鸡和火鸡有效性指南，进行鸡体内驱虫的疗效判定。
本发明随机采集鸡新鲜粪便，采用饱和盐水漂浮法和水洗沉淀法进行初步诊断，收集虫卵并用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法进行虫卵计数，选取感染鸡剖检，分段结扎消化道进行纵向切开，用1％盐水对消化道内容物反复水洗沉淀分离虫体，采用染色镜检对收集鸡消化道蠕虫进行形态学观察，记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度，利用高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术结合形态学特征，对近缘种群中形态不明确的物种进行鉴定，选取具有驱虫作用的使君子、川楝子、石榴皮、鹤虱、槟榔、雷丸、贯众等分别制成100％的水煎剂与醇提剂，作为试验用药物，利用回收的活虫体进行体外抑虫杀虫试验，选取试验鸡，进行中药抗蠕虫的体内试验，记录中草药对体外虫体的杀灭数、对体内虫卵数的减少率及对鸡增重的影响，根据世界兽医寄生虫学会(WAAVP)评估鸡驱虫有效性指南来判断药效。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，包括收集粪便样本、收集虫卵检测、收集成虫检测、应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测、制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂、体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验、确定驱虫效果、开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药，其特征在于：所述收集粪便样本根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检，所述收集虫卵检测包括虫卵镜检、虫卵计数、虫卵形态学鉴定，所述收集成虫检测包括剖感染鸡，收集成虫，虫体检查。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，其特征在于：中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，收集粪便样本：根据分散选点、整群抽样原则采集每只鸡新鲜粪便8-10g，分别装入自封袋中记录家禽的品种、日龄、来源地、采集时间(不同季节)、养殖规模、饲养方式等相关信息，放置在4℃冰箱里备检；
步骤二，收集虫卵检测：采用饱和食盐水漂浮检测法(虫卵的密度比饱和盐水低)和离心沉淀检测法(虫卵的密度比水大)进行镜检，显微镜下观察虫卵的形态和结构，用测微尺测量虫卵大小，并拍摄虫卵照片，再根据有关资料对虫卵进行鉴定，根据初步筛查结果，采用麦克马斯特氏法和沉淀定量检查法，进一步对粪便虫卵计数，大致推断寄生虫感染程度；
步骤三，收集成虫检测：根据虫卵计数结果，选取感染鸡只剖检，结扎消化道后，在1％盐水中剖开，将内容物洗入液体中，然后对粘膜循序仔细检查，洗下的内容物则反复加1％盐水沉淀，待液体清澈无色为止，再取沉渣进行检查，采用光学显微镜对收集的胃肠道蠕虫进行形态学观察，记录虫种数，计算流行率和平均感染强度；
步骤四，应用HAT-RAPD技术进行检测：对于近缘种群中形态不明确的物种，采用高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术进行准确鉴定；
步骤五，制备具有驱虫作用的水煎剂与醇提剂：选取具有驱虫作用的使君子、苦楝皮、石榴皮、鹤虱、雷丸、贯众等分别制成100％的水煎剂与醇提剂，作为抗蠕虫的试验用药物备用；
步骤六，体外杀虫试验与体内驱虫试验：购买自然感染鸡只后，进行屠宰，从肠道中回收至少160条鸡蛔虫，放入0.9％生理盐水的培养皿中，进行体外杀虫试验，选取体重没有差异的1.5月龄无寄生虫感染蛋鸡，每只鸡接种约3000个感染性蛔虫卵，进行体内驱虫实验；
步骤七，确定驱虫效果：采用单因素方差分析、t检验和卡方分析(x分析)对不同处理的定量数据进行统计分析；鸡蛔虫的形态用显微镜观察，测定不同浓度的成虫存活情况，并进行描述性分析；
步骤八，开发出有效驱除鸡体内消化道蠕虫的中草药：筛选出有效抗优势虫种的中药制成水煎剂或醇提剂，并确定中药的剂量及剂型。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中为了制备永久装片，标本被压平并在4％福尔马林中固定，为了进行分子分析，标本被冷冻在-20℃，以便稍后提取DNA，回收的蠕虫进行形态学调查，吸虫和绦虫用醋酸洋红或苏木精染色，分级酒精系列脱水，二甲苯透明，用中性树脂胶封片，线虫在分级酒精系列中脱水，用甘油透明，并用甘油明胶封片，依据相关资料描述，鉴定虫种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种中草药对蛋鸡消化道蠕虫治疗方法，其特征在于：所述步骤四中高退火温度-随机扩增多态DNA(HAT-RAPD)技术使用5％Chelex(Fluka)溶液提取所有蠕虫的基因组DNA，提取的DNA被收集，并在-20℃下保存备用，利用市售的任意10个核苷酸的6个引物(Operon Biotechnology,Huntsville,Alabama,USA)对不同种类的成虫进行DNA指纹鉴定，在最终为20μl容积中进行HAT-RAPD PCR反应，根据是否有PCR产物对数据进行评分，利用6个任意引物进行PCR扩增后，得到HAT-RAPD DNA图谱，并对多态性标记进行评分，鉴定出多态性标记，准确鉴定虫种。
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