CN114469914B - 苯乙肼在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂中的应用 - Google Patents
苯乙肼在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物化学技术领域,特别涉及Phenelzine在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂及药物中的应用。Phenelzine或其药学上可接受的盐在以下至少一种中的应用:制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂、制备抗冠状病毒感染药物中的应用、制备抑制冠状病毒的产品中的应用。本发明提供的技术方案中,Phenelzine对冠状病毒的靶点木瓜样蛋白酶的酶活性具有抑制作用,尤其是新冠病毒的靶点木瓜样蛋白酶的酶活性有较强抑制作用,具有发展为治疗和预防冠状病毒尤其是抗新冠病毒的药物的潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学技术领域,特别涉及Phenelzine在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂及药物中的应用。
背景技术
冠状病毒是一个大型病毒家族,是一类有包膜的的正链RNA病毒,基因组的RNA的大小为27-32kb,在目前已知的正链RNA病毒中基因组是最大的。冠状病毒的分类是通过宿主范围和基因组测序所决定的,可划分为四类α类、β类、γ类和δ类。大多数冠状病毒仅感染一种宿主物种并可导致严重疾病,包括呼吸道和肠道疾病、神经系统症状和心肌炎等。
冠状病毒的基因组编码4种结构蛋白:刺突蛋白、膜蛋白、包膜蛋白及核壳蛋白。一些非结构蛋白参与复制和转录,其由在基因组5’末端的两个长的开放式可读框(ORF)编码(1A和1B)。这两个ORF通过核糖体移码(frame shift)而连接。由ORF 1A和1B编码的多肽通过病毒编码的蛋白酶而被翻译后加工。木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)是表达在冠状病毒5’末端基因组nsp3上的水解酶,主要功能为酶切多聚蛋白pp1a上nsp1-2,nsp2-3,nsp3-4之间特异性四肽结构LXGG,该多聚蛋白需要被水解后成为成熟的功能蛋白;另外,木瓜样蛋白酶具有从宿主细胞里脱离泛素的附加功能,该功能保护冠状病毒进而规避宿主固有的免疫反应。因此,木瓜样蛋白酶对于病毒的生命周期至关重要,可以作为抗冠状病毒药物设计筛选的理想靶点。
Phenelzine(β-phenylethylhydrazine),中文名为苯乙肼,是抑制单胺氧化酶的抗抑郁药,可有效治疗恐慌症和社交焦虑症,缓解心绞痛。由Parke Davis开发并于1961年6月9日获得FDA批准。目前已根据处方以Nardil的名称批准。经查阅相关资料,未发现Phenelzine化合物作为冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶PLPro抑制剂的相关报道。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了Phenelzine在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶PLPro抑制剂药物中的应用,以达到可有效抑制冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶PLPro的活性的目的。
为达到上述目的,本发明提供的一种技术方案如下:
Phenelzine或其药学上可接受的盐在以下至少一种中的应用:
(1)在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂中的应用;
(2)在制备抗冠状病毒感染的药物中的应用;
(3)在制备抑制冠状病毒的产品中的应用。
本发明提供的另一种技术方案是:一种冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂,其活性成分为Phenelzine或其药学上可接受的盐。
优选地,所述Phenelzine包括其旋光异构体、或其水合物。
优选地,所述其水合物的结晶水数目为1-16中的任意实数。
优选地,所述Phenelzine药学上可接受的盐为Phenelzine与酸形成的盐。
优选地,所述的酸选自盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、水杨酸中的任一种。
优选地,所述冠状病毒为HCoV-229E、HCoV-OC43、HCoV-NL63、HCoV-HKU、SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2中的任一种。
本发明提供的第三种技术方案是:一种抗冠状病毒感染的药物,所述药物中含有有效剂量的Phenelzine或其药学上可接受的盐。
优选地,所述药物为注射剂、片剂、丸剂、胶囊、悬浮剂、颗粒剂、喷剂或乳剂。所述药物的给药途径为口服、经皮、静脉或肌肉注射。
本发明还提供一种抑制冠状病毒的产品,该产品包含Phenelzine或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明提供的技术方案中,Phenelzine对冠状病毒的靶点木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的酶活性有较强抑制作用,作为冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)抑制剂,具有发展为治疗和预防冠状病毒所致疾病尤其是抗新冠病毒感染的药物的潜力,为新冠病毒感染的治疗和预防开辟新的途径。
附图说明
图1为在不同浓度的Phenelzine下底物肽在木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)代谢下荧光强度随时间变化曲线图;
图2为Phenelzine对新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制曲线。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面结合附图和具体实施例,对本发明进行更详细的说明。附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
下述实施例中所用的化学试剂,均购自MCE(MedChemExpress)或其他普通商业途径。
本发明所用的SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂筛选试剂盒为本发明申请人具有自主知识产权的产品(申请号为202010674650.X),包括以下组分:
SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶、
底物肽Dabcyl-FTLKGGAPTKVT-E(Edans)、
硼酸硼砂缓冲液。
SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶浓度为0.01-1mg/mL。
底物肽Dabcyl-FTLKGGAPTKVT-E(Edans)的浓度为0.1mM-5mM;其中Dabcyl是猝灭剂4-二甲胺偶氮苯4’-羧酸,Edans是荧光团5-(2-氨基乙氨基)-1-萘磺酸。
硼酸硼砂缓冲液的浓度为10-100毫摩尔/升;硼酸硼砂缓冲液的PH为7-9。
其中,采用的SARS-Cov2木瓜样蛋白酶购自CrystalO Biopharma,底物Dabcyl-FTLKGGAPTKVT-E(Edans)委托GL biochem定制合成,硼酸硼砂缓冲液购自雷根生物。SARS-Cov-2木瓜样蛋白酶(浓度为0.1mg/mL)、底物肽Dabcyl-FTLKGGAPTKVT-E(Edans)(浓度为0.1mM-5mM)、硼酸硼砂缓冲液(PH=7-9)。
本发明所使用的试剂盒需要用配合荧光酶标仪进行荧光检测。
本发明以新型冠状病毒(SARS-COV-2)为模型,基于新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的三维结构进行药物设计,对包括天然产物库、临床化合物库、抗病毒药物库在内的数千个化合物进行理论筛选,得到对新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)有抑制作用的化合物。然后,利用上述的SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂筛选试剂盒,通过酶活性测试对这些化合物进行实验筛选。
按上述方案进行药物筛选,本发明发现了如下所示化合物Phenelzine及其药学上可接受的盐对SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制作用。
将式(I)化合物或其旋光异构体、水合物、及其药学上可接受的盐,与药学上可接受的辅剂结合,可以制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制剂,以及治疗和预防冠状病毒感染的药物。辅剂(药学上可接受的载体或辅料)包括药学领域常规的稀释剂、赋形剂、填充剂、粘合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、吸收促进剂、表面活性剂、吸附载体、润滑剂、增效剂。该药物可以制成注射剂、片剂、丸剂、胶囊、悬浮剂或乳剂使用。其给药途径可为口服、经皮、静脉或肌肉注射。
实施例1
Phenelzine不同浓度作用下的底物肽在木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)代谢下的荧光强度随时间变化
具体实施过程为:
1)SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)和底物肽储液均保存于-80℃冰箱中;
2)将SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)在冻存板(-4至4℃)里室温下融化,取1uL稀释于98uL硼酸硼砂缓冲液(PH=7.4)中,加入检测板中;
3)将不同浓度的Phenelzine,浓度为0,0.05mM,0.1mM,0.25mM,0.5mM,1mM,2.5mM)分别取1uL加入上述步骤(2)获得的溶液中;
4)将相同浓度的底物肽(0.5mM)1uL加入上述步骤(3)获得的溶液中,使用荧光酶标仪37℃孵育,并使用荧光酶标仪监测342nm激发,496nm处的荧光发射值,边孵育边检测,每1分钟采一点;
5)Phenelzine存在的条件下,底物肽在酶代谢下的荧光强度随时间缓慢增强效果如图1所示,其结果显示,该底物肽被酶催化产生的荧光增强可以被Phenelzine抑制,并且这种抑制现象是与浓度相关的。
实施例2Phenelzine对新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制能力测试
具体实施过程如下:
1)SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶PLPro和底物肽储液均保存于-80℃冰箱中;
2)将SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶PLPro在冻存板(-4至4℃)里室温下融化,取1uL稀释于98uL硼酸硼砂缓冲液(PH=7.4)中,加入检测板中;
3)将不同浓度的Phenelzine,浓度为0,0.05mM,0.1mM,0.25mM,0.5mM,1mM,2.5mM)分别取1uL加入上述步骤(2)获得的溶液中;
4)将相同浓度的底物肽(0.5mM)1uL加入上述步骤(3)获得的溶液中,使用荧光酶标仪37℃孵育,并使用荧光酶标仪监测342nm激发,496nm处的荧光发射值,边孵育边检测,孵育1h;
5)统计各组孵育前后342nm激发,496nm处的荧光发射值。以control组(Phenelzine浓度为0)孵育前后的荧光变化值作为100,不同浓度Phenelzine组的荧光变化值与之相比得到剩余活性值(Residual activity)。使用GraphPad Prism6软件,以Phenelzine浓度的对数值(logC(Inhibitor))为横坐标,对应的剩余活性值(Residualactivity)为纵坐标作图,结果如图2所示,可以得到该化合物Phenelzine对新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制能力,用抑制酶活性一半时的抑制剂浓度来表示。
可以看出,Phenelzine对新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶(PLPro)的抑制效果十分明显。其在25μM浓度下对SARS-CoV-2木瓜样蛋白酶的抑制率都达到90%以上,IC50值为4.556μM,表明Phenelzine能够有效的抑制新型冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶的活性。并且,基于序列分析表明冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶具有高度相似性,因此,该类化合物也能够有效抑制其它冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶的活性,尤其是对于SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,HCoV-229E,HCoV-OC43,HCoV-NL63和HCoV-HKU1。有望发掘出Phenelzine在治疗冠状病毒尤其是新冠病毒感染疾病中的新用途。
IC50计算的公式为Y=100/(1+10^((X-LogIC50))),其中Y代表剩余活性分数,X代表抑制剂化合物浓度的常用对数,∧指的是幂算法。
上述实施例中所采用的操作方法和操作步骤以及底物反应条件等,都是依据本技术领域的普通技术人员熟知的方法设计、实施的。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (1)
1.苯乙肼或其药学上可接受的盐在制备冠状病毒木瓜样蛋白酶抑制剂中的应用;所述的冠状病毒为SARS-CoV-2。
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