CN114464996B - Circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon - Google Patents

Circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon Download PDF

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CN114464996B
CN114464996B CN202210127035.6A CN202210127035A CN114464996B CN 114464996 B CN114464996 B CN 114464996B CN 202210127035 A CN202210127035 A CN 202210127035A CN 114464996 B CN114464996 B CN 114464996B
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circularly polarized
array antenna
dielectric substrate
polarized array
circular
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CN114464996A (en
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朱天琪
李芊芊
朱迪迪
章海锋
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H01Q3/38Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital

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Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, which comprises an upper medium substrate and a lower medium substrate; the upper surface of the upper medium substrate is provided with four radiation patches and four circular patches, the radiation patches and the circular patches are symmetrically arranged along the center rotation of the upper medium substrate, the radiation patches are crescent and square grooves are etched at the edges, and the square grooves are used for generating artificial surface plasmons; the circular patch comprises an inner circle and a circular ring sleeved on the edge of the inner circle, and a strip-shaped groove is etched on the circular ring along the circumference and is used for generating local surface plasmons; the upper surface of the lower medium substrate is provided with a phase-shifting feed network, the phase-shifting feed network comprises four signal output ports, metal probes are respectively arranged on the four signal output ports, and the metal probes are upwards and respectively connected with the radiation patches for feeding; the directivity of the antenna is improved by artificial surface plasmon technique and localized surface plasmon technique.

Description

一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,属于电子通信技术领域。The invention relates to a circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons and belongs to the technical field of electronic communication.

背景技术Background technique

随着通信行业的不断发展,无线频谱需求不断增大,宽带无线通信技术具有传输速率快、信息传输量大、稳定性高等特点,是解决无线频谱需求的有效途径。宽带天线可以通过改进制作材料,简化硬件结构等方式来降低成本。With the continuous development of the communications industry, the demand for wireless spectrum continues to increase. Broadband wireless communication technology has the characteristics of fast transmission rate, large amount of information transmission, and high stability, and is an effective way to solve the demand for wireless spectrum. Broadband antennas can reduce costs by improving production materials and simplifying hardware structures.

当前,卫星通信、雷达探测等方面对通信技术的要求不断提高,需要天线覆盖更宽带宽,具备更好的方向性。圆极化阵列天线可以提高通信系统性能,接受和辐射任意极化的波,被广泛应用于军事领域。在移动通信、全球定位系统、卫星通信等领域中,圆极化阵列天线凭借其可以增大通信容量的优势,提高系统的抗多径效应能力。Currently, the requirements for communication technology in satellite communications, radar detection and other aspects are constantly increasing, requiring antennas to cover wider bandwidths and have better directivity. Circularly polarized array antennas can improve the performance of communication systems, accept and radiate waves of arbitrary polarization, and are widely used in the military field. In fields such as mobile communications, global positioning systems, and satellite communications, circularly polarized array antennas can increase communication capacity and improve the system's ability to resist multipath effects.

随着技术的发展,现代无线通信技术对天线的增益、方向性等性能提出了更高要求,而传统的单圆极化天线的带宽受限,现有对天线方向性调节的方法稳定性较差,仅能实现狭义的带宽延展,不能实现方向性的改善。With the development of technology, modern wireless communication technology has put forward higher requirements for the performance of antennas such as gain and directivity. However, the bandwidth of traditional single circularly polarized antennas is limited, and the existing methods for adjusting antenna directivity are relatively unstable. Poor, it can only achieve bandwidth extension in a narrow sense and cannot achieve directionality improvement.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,能够实现带宽的提升和方向性的改善。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, which can achieve increased bandwidth and improved directivity.

为达到上述目的,本发明是采用下述技术方案实现的:In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,包括上层介质基板和下层介质基板;所述上层介质基板上表面设置有辐射贴片和圆形贴片,所述辐射贴片和圆形贴片均设置有四个且沿上层介质基板中心旋转对称设置,所述辐射贴片呈月牙状且边缘蚀刻有方槽,所述方槽用于产生人工表面等离子体激元;所述圆形贴片包括内圆和套设于内圆边缘的圆环,所述圆环上沿圆周蚀刻有条形槽,所述条形槽用于产生局域表面等离子体激元;所述下层介质基板上表面设置有移相馈电网络,所述移相馈电网络包括四个信号输出端口,四个所述信号输出端口上分别设置有金属探针,所述金属探针向上分别连接辐射贴片进行馈电。A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, including an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate; a radiation patch and a circular patch are provided on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch and the circular patch are arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate. Each patch is provided with four and are arranged rotationally symmetrically along the center of the upper dielectric substrate. The radiation patch is crescent-shaped and has a square groove etched on the edge. The square groove is used to generate artificial surface plasmons; the circular The patch includes an inner circle and a ring set on the edge of the inner circle. A strip groove is etched along the circumference of the ring. The strip groove is used to generate localized surface plasmons; the lower dielectric substrate A phase-shifted feed network is provided on the upper surface. The phase-shifted feed network includes four signal output ports. Metal probes are respectively provided on the four signal output ports. The metal probes are respectively connected upward to radiation patches. Make a feed.

可选的,所述圆极化阵列天线的尺寸为1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg,λg为导波长。Optionally, the size of the circularly polarized array antenna is 1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg, where λg is the guided wavelength.

可选的,所述上层介质基板和下层介质基板均采用介电常数为2.2、损耗正切为0.003的绝缘F4B介质基板。Optionally, both the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate adopt insulating F4B dielectric substrates with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.003.

可选的,所述辐射贴片包括基圆以及开设于基圆上的圆槽,所述圆槽的圆心位于基圆的边缘,且所述圆槽的半径小于基圆的半径;所述圆形贴片设置于圆槽内侧。Optionally, the radiation patch includes a base circle and a circular groove opened on the base circle, the center of the circular groove is located on the edge of the base circle, and the radius of the circular groove is smaller than the radius of the base circle; the circle The shaped patch is arranged inside the circular groove.

可选的,所述上层介质基板上沿中心旋转对称设置有四个电磁带隙结构,所述电磁带隙结构包括多个半径相等、圆心位于同一直线且间隔设置的金属方片,所述金属方片中心均蚀刻有圆孔,所述金属方片一一对应设置于上层介质基板的上表面和下表面。Optionally, four electromagnetic band gap structures are arranged rotationally symmetrically around the center on the upper dielectric substrate. The electromagnetic band gap structure includes a plurality of metal square pieces with equal radii, centers on the same straight line and spaced apart. Circular holes are etched in the centers of the square pieces, and the metal square pieces are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate in one-to-one correspondence.

可选的,所述移相馈电网络还包括第一等分威尔金森功分器、两个第二等分威尔金森功分器、微带线、两个90°移相器以及180°移相器;所述第一等分威尔金森功分器的输入端连接信号源,所述第一等分威尔金森功分器的输出端分别通过微带线连接至两个第二等分威尔金森功分器输入端,两个所述第二等分威尔金森功分器的输出端分别通过微带线连接至四个信号输出端口,所述180°移相器设置于第一等分威尔金森功分器的一侧输出端连接的微带线上,两个所述90°移相器分别设置于位置相对的两个信号输出端口连接的微带线上。Optionally, the phase-shifted feed network also includes a first equal-section Wilkinson power divider, two second equal-section Wilkinson power dividers, a microstrip line, two 90° phase shifters, and 180 °Phase shifter; the input terminal of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider is connected to the signal source, and the output terminal of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider is connected to two second The input end of the equally divided Wilkinson power divider, the output ends of the two second equal divided Wilkinson power dividers are respectively connected to four signal output ports through microstrip lines, and the 180° phase shifter is arranged at The two 90° phase shifters are respectively arranged on the microstrip line connected to the output end of one side of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider, and are respectively arranged on the microstrip line connected to the two opposite signal output ports.

可选的,所述微带线呈不规则弯曲状排列。Optionally, the microstrip lines are arranged in an irregular curved shape.

可选的,所述180°移相器连接的微带线侧边设置有多个条形贴片,所述条形贴片的内侧边均蚀刻有矩形槽。Optionally, multiple strip patches are provided on the sides of the microstrip line connected to the 180° phase shifter, and rectangular grooves are etched on the inner sides of the strip patches.

与现有技术相比,本发明所达到的有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

本发明提供的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其中,辐射贴片呈月牙状且边缘蚀刻有方槽,方槽用于产生人工表面等离子体激元;圆形贴片包括内圆和套设于内圆边缘的圆环,圆环上沿圆周蚀刻有条形槽,条形槽用于产生局域表面等离子体激元;通过人工表面等离子体激元技术和局域表面等离子体激元技术,对天线的方向性进行改善,提升了天线的性能。The invention provides a circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, in which the radiation patch is crescent-shaped and has a square groove etched on the edge, and the square groove is used to generate artificial surface plasmons; the circular patch It includes an inner circle and a ring set on the edge of the inner circle. There are strip grooves etched along the circumference of the ring. The strip grooves are used to generate localized surface plasmons; through artificial surface plasmon technology and localized Surface plasmon technology improves the directivity of the antenna and enhances the performance of the antenna.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的结构示意图一;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的结构示意图二;Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a circularly polarized array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例提供的上层介质基板表面示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the surface of an upper dielectric substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例提供的下层介质基板表面示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the surface of the lower dielectric substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的相位随输入信号频率变化示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the phase change of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention as a function of the input signal frequency;

图6是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线在5.6GHz、6.3GHz的辐射方向示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention at 5.6GHz and 6.3GHz;

图7是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的测量和仿真结果比较|S11|示意图;Figure 7 is a schematic diagram |S11| comparing the measurement and simulation results of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的测量和仿真结果比较轴比示意图;Figure 8 is a schematic diagram comparing the axial ratio of measurement and simulation results of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

图9是本发明实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的测量和仿真结果比较增益示意图;Figure 9 is a schematic diagram comparing the gain of measurement and simulation results of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

图中标记为:Marked in the picture are:

1.上层介质基板,2.下层介质基板,3.辐射贴片,31.方槽,32.基圆,33.圆槽,4.移相馈电网络,41.信号输出端口,42.第一等分威尔金森功分器,43.第二等分威尔金森功分器,44.微带线,45.90°移相器,46.180°移相器,5.圆形贴片,51.内圆,52.圆环,53.条形槽,6.金属探针,7.电磁带隙结构,71.金属方片,72.圆孔,8.条形贴片,81.矩形槽。1. Upper dielectric substrate, 2. Lower dielectric substrate, 3. Radiation patch, 31. Square slot, 32. Base circle, 33. Round slot, 4. Phase-shifting feed network, 41. Signal output port, 42. Chapter First-section Wilkinson power divider, 43. Second-section Wilkinson power divider, 44. Microstrip line, 45. 90° phase shifter, 46. 180° phase shifter, 5. Circular patch, 51. Inner circle, 52. Ring, 53. Strip groove, 6. Metal probe, 7. Electromagnetic band gap structure, 71. Metal square piece, 72. Round hole, 8. Strip patch, 81. Rectangular slot.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

实施例一:Example 1:

如图1-4所示,本实施例提供了一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,包括上层介质基板1和下层介质基板2;上层介质基板1上表面设置有辐射贴片3和圆形贴片5,辐射贴片3和圆形贴片5均设置有四个且沿上层介质基板1中心旋转对称设置,辐射贴片3呈月牙状且边缘蚀刻有方槽31,方槽31用于产生人工表面等离子体激元;辐射贴片3包括基圆32以及开设于基圆32上的圆槽33,圆槽33的圆心位于基圆32的边缘,且圆槽33的半径小于基圆32的半径;圆形贴片5设置于圆槽33内侧。月牙状结构减少了移相馈电网络4和辐射贴片3之间的影响,通过扰动产生两个正交模式,形成圆极化,有利于带宽的提升和方向性的改善。圆形贴片5包括内圆51和套设于内圆51边缘的圆环52,圆环52上沿圆周蚀刻有条形槽53,条形槽53用于产生局域表面等离子体激元;人工表面等离子体激元技术和局域表面等离子体激元技术有效提高了圆极化阵列天线的带宽,改善了方向性。As shown in Figures 1-4, this embodiment provides a circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, including an upper dielectric substrate 1 and a lower dielectric substrate 2; a radiation patch is provided on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1 3 and circular patches 5. Each of the radiation patches 3 and the circular patches 5 is provided with four and are arranged rotationally symmetrically along the center of the upper dielectric substrate 1. The radiation patch 3 is crescent-shaped and has a square groove 31 etched on the edge. The groove 31 is used to generate artificial surface plasmons; the radiation patch 3 includes a base circle 32 and a circular groove 33 opened on the base circle 32. The center of the circular groove 33 is located at the edge of the base circle 32, and the radius of the circular groove 33 is Smaller than the radius of the base circle 32; the circular patch 5 is arranged inside the circular groove 33. The crescent-shaped structure reduces the influence between the phase-shifted feed network 4 and the radiation patch 3, and generates two orthogonal modes through perturbation to form circular polarization, which is beneficial to the improvement of bandwidth and directivity. The circular patch 5 includes an inner circle 51 and a ring 52 set on the edge of the inner circle 51. A strip groove 53 is etched along the circumference of the ring 52, and the strip groove 53 is used to generate localized surface plasmons; Artificial surface plasmon technology and localized surface plasmon technology effectively increase the bandwidth of circularly polarized array antennas and improve directivity.

下层介质基板2上表面设置有移相馈电网络4,移相馈电网络4包括四个信号输出端口41,四个信号输出端口41上分别设置有金属探针6,金属探针6向上分别连接辐射贴片3进行馈电。移相馈电网络4还包括第一等分威尔金森功分器42、两个第二等分威尔金森功分器43、微带线44、两个90°移相器45以及180°移相器46;第一等分威尔金森功分器42的输入端连接信号源,第一等分威尔金森功分器42的输出端分别通过微带线44连接至两个第二等分威尔金森功分器43输入端,两个第二等分威尔金森功分器43的输出端分别通过微带线44连接至四个信号输出端口41,180°移相器46设置于第一等分威尔金森功分器42的一侧输出端连接的微带线44上,两个90°移相器45分别设置于位置相对的两个信号输出端口41连接的微带线44上,微带线44呈不规则弯曲状排列。输入信号由威尔金森功分器分为两个信号,可以实现更平衡的功率分配,提高带宽。两个90°移相器45通过四分之一波长差的微带线实现90°的相位差,180°移相器46通过二分之一波长差的微带线44实现180°的相位差;利用移相器在较宽的频带上调整相位,使相位从0°转换到90°、180°、270°,实现方向性的调整和改善。180°移相器连接的微带线侧边设置有多个条形贴片,条形贴片的内侧边均蚀刻有矩形槽。The upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a phase-shifting feed network 4. The phase-shifting feed network 4 includes four signal output ports 41. The four signal output ports 41 are respectively provided with metal probes 6. The metal probes 6 are respectively arranged upward. Connect radiation patch 3 for power feeding. The phase-shifted feed network 4 also includes a first equal-section Wilkinson power divider 42, two second equal-section Wilkinson power dividers 43, a microstrip line 44, two 90° phase shifters 45 and a 180° Phase shifter 46; the input end of the first equal Wilkinson power divider 42 is connected to the signal source, and the output end of the first equal Wilkinson power divider 42 is connected to the two second equal parts through microstrip lines 44. The input end of the divided Wilkinson power divider 43 is connected to the four signal output ports 41 through microstrip lines 44 respectively. The 180° phase shifter 46 is arranged at On the microstrip line 44 connected to one side of the output end of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider 42, two 90° phase shifters 45 are respectively disposed on the microstrip line 44 connected to the two opposite signal output ports 41. On the top, the microstrip lines 44 are arranged in an irregular curved shape. The input signal is divided into two signals by a Wilkinson power divider, which can achieve more balanced power distribution and increase bandwidth. The two 90° phase shifters 45 realize a 90° phase difference through microstrip lines with a quarter wavelength difference, and the 180° phase shifter 46 realizes a 180° phase difference through the microstrip lines 44 with a half wavelength difference. ; Use a phase shifter to adjust the phase over a wider frequency band, converting the phase from 0° to 90°, 180°, and 270° to achieve directivity adjustment and improvement. There are multiple strip patches on the side of the microstrip line connected by the 180° phase shifter, and rectangular grooves are etched on the inner sides of the strip patches.

上层介质基板1上沿中心旋转对称设置有四个电磁带隙结构7,用于抑制谐波和电磁表面波的传播,提高天线的性能。电磁带隙结构7包括多个半径相等、圆心位于同一直线且间隔设置的金属方片71,金属方片71中心均蚀刻有圆孔72,金属方片71一一对应设置于上层介质基板1的上表面和下表面。Four electromagnetic bandgap structures 7 are provided on the upper dielectric substrate 1 rotationally symmetrically along the center to suppress the propagation of harmonics and electromagnetic surface waves and improve the performance of the antenna. The electromagnetic band gap structure 7 includes a plurality of metal square pieces 71 with equal radii, centers on the same straight line and spaced apart. The metal square pieces 71 are each etched with circular holes 72 in the center. The metal square pieces 71 are arranged on the upper dielectric substrate 1 in one-to-one correspondence. upper surface and lower surface.

本实施例圆极化阵列天线的尺寸为1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg,λg为导波长。上层介质基板1和下层介质基板2均采用介电常数为2.2、损耗正切为0.003的绝缘F4B介质基板。The size of the circularly polarized array antenna in this embodiment is 1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg, where λg is the guided wavelength. The upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 2 both use insulating F4B dielectric substrates with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.003.

本实施例提供的圆极化阵列天线的具体尺寸如表1所示,The specific dimensions of the circularly polarized array antenna provided in this embodiment are as shown in Table 1.

表一:Table I:

参数parameter l1 l 1 w1 w 1 w2 w 2 w3 w 3 w4 w 4 w5 w 5 r1 r 1 r2 r 2 r3 r 3 值(mm)Value(mm) 6060 1.51.5 0.50.5 0.840.84 1.11.1 0.20.2 1212 0.40.4 44 参数parameter h1 h 1 h2 h 2 h3 h 3 a1 a 1 a2 a 2 a3 a 3 a4 a 4 a5 a 5 a6 a 6 值(mm)Value(mm) 0.50.5 0.50.5 66 0.50.5 0.30.3 0.20.2 0.30.3 0.50.5 0.90.9 参数parameter d1 d 1 d2 d 2 d3 d 3 d4 d 4 d5 d 5 d6 d 6 d7 d 7 值(mm)Value(mm) 11 11 66 0.740.74 44 0.70.7 2.442.44

如图5所示,可以看出,阻抗带宽为3.11GHz至6.74GHz,相邻输出端口之间的相位差可以从3GHz至7GHz保持在90°左右。As shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the impedance bandwidth is from 3.11GHz to 6.74GHz, and the phase difference between adjacent output ports can be maintained at around 90° from 3GHz to 7GHz.

如图6所示,本发明实施例中阵列在5.8GHz、6.3GHz的辐射方向图。可以看出,加入局域表面等离子体激元结构后,交叉极化得到明显抑制。在5.8GHz时,交叉极化抑制大于15dB的角度可以达到50°,比没有加入局域表面等离子体激元结构好12°。在6.3GHz时,交叉极化抑制可以达到大于15dB到63°的角度,比没有加入局域表面等离子体激元结构好33°。此天线实现了方向性的提高。As shown in Figure 6, the radiation pattern of the array at 5.8GHz and 6.3GHz in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that after adding the localized surface plasmon structure, the cross-polarization is significantly suppressed. At 5.8GHz, the angle at which cross-polarization suppression is greater than 15dB can reach 50°, which is 12° better than without adding a localized surface plasmon structure. At 6.3GHz, the cross-polarization suppression can reach an angle greater than 15dB to 63°, which is 33° better than without adding a localized surface plasmon structure. This antenna achieves improved directivity.

如图7所示,显示了测量和模拟|S11|(输入反射系数,用来衡量天线与激励源的阻抗匹配是否良好,是天线性能的指标参数之一)结果之间的比较。实测阻抗带宽为3.15GHz至6.75GHz,相对带宽为72%,与仿真结果基本一致。As shown in Figure 7, the comparison between the measured and simulated |S11| (input reflection coefficient, used to measure whether the impedance matching between the antenna and the excitation source is good, and is one of the indicator parameters of the antenna performance) results. The measured impedance bandwidth is 3.15GHz to 6.75GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 72%, which is basically consistent with the simulation results.

如图8所示,显示了实测和模拟轴比结果之间的比较。实测轴比带宽为3.97GHz至6.72GHz,相对带宽为55%,As shown in Figure 8, a comparison between measured and simulated axle ratio results is shown. The measured axial ratio bandwidth is 3.97GHz to 6.72GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 55%,

如图9所示,显示了测量和模拟增益的比较。实测峰值增益为11.11dBi。As shown in Figure 9, a comparison of measured and simulated gains is shown. The measured peak gain is 11.11dBi.

由测量和仿真结果可得,本发明设计的天线阵在尺寸上具有一定的优势,可以实现方向性的改善。It can be seen from the measurement and simulation results that the antenna array designed in the present invention has certain advantages in size and can improve the directivity.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,包括上层介质基板和下层介质基板;所述上层介质基板上表面设置有辐射贴片和圆形贴片,所述辐射贴片和圆形贴片均设置有四个且沿上层介质基板中心旋转对称设置,所述辐射贴片呈月牙状且边缘蚀刻有方槽,所述方槽用于产生人工表面等离子体激元;所述圆形贴片包括内圆和套设于内圆边缘的圆环,所述圆环上沿圆周蚀刻有条形槽,所述条形槽用于产生局域表面等离子体激元;所述下层介质基板上表面设置有移相馈电网络,所述移相馈电网络包括四个信号输出端口,四个所述信号输出端口上分别设置有金属探针,所述金属探针向上分别连接辐射贴片进行馈电。1. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons, characterized in that it includes an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate; a radiation patch and a circular patch are provided on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and the There are four radiation patches and four circular patches, and they are arranged rotationally symmetrically along the center of the upper dielectric substrate. The radiation patches are crescent-shaped and have square grooves etched on their edges. The square grooves are used to generate artificial surface plasma excitation. Yuan; the circular patch includes an inner circle and a ring set on the edge of the inner circle. A strip groove is etched along the circumference of the ring. The strip groove is used to generate localized surface plasmons. ; A phase-shifting feed network is provided on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate. The phase-shifting feed network includes four signal output ports. Metal probes are respectively provided on the four signal output ports. The metal probes Connect the radiation patches upward respectively for power feeding. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述圆极化阵列天线的尺寸为1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg,λg为导波长。2. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the circularly polarized array antenna is 1.27λg×1.27λg×0.18λg, and λg is the conductor. wavelength. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述上层介质基板和下层介质基板均采用介电常数为2.2、损耗正切为0.003的绝缘F4B介质基板。3. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons according to claim 1, characterized in that both the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate adopt a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.003. Insulated F4B dielectric substrate. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述辐射贴片包括基圆以及开设于基圆上的圆槽,所述圆槽的圆心位于基圆的边缘,且所述圆槽的半径小于基圆的半径;所述圆形贴片设置于圆槽内侧。4. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation patch includes a base circle and a circular groove opened on the base circle, and the circular groove The center of the circle is located at the edge of the base circle, and the radius of the circular groove is smaller than the radius of the base circle; the circular patch is arranged inside the circular groove. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述上层介质基板上沿中心旋转对称设置有四个电磁带隙结构,所述电磁带隙结构包括多个半径相等、圆心位于同一直线且间隔设置的金属方片,所述金属方片中心均蚀刻有圆孔,所述金属方片一一对应设置于上层介质基板的上表面和下表面。5. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons according to claim 1, characterized in that four electromagnetic bandgap structures are rotationally symmetrically arranged along the center on the upper dielectric substrate, and the electrical The tape gap structure includes a plurality of metal squares with equal radii, centers on the same straight line and spaced apart. The metal squares are all etched with circular holes in their centers. The metal squares are arranged in one-to-one correspondence on the upper surface and the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate. lower surface. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述移相馈电网络还包括第一等分威尔金森功分器、两个第二等分威尔金森功分器、微带线、两个90°移相器以及180°移相器;所述第一等分威尔金森功分器的输入端连接信号源,所述第一等分威尔金森功分器的输出端分别通过微带线连接至两个第二等分威尔金森功分器输入端,两个所述第二等分威尔金森功分器的输出端分别通过微带线连接至四个信号输出端口,所述180°移相器设置于第一等分威尔金森功分器的一侧输出端连接的微带线上,两个所述90°移相器分别设置于位置相对的两个信号输出端口连接的微带线上。6. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase-shifted feed network further includes a first bisecting Wilkinson power divider, two A second bisecting Wilkinson power divider, a microstrip line, two 90° phase shifters and a 180° phase shifter; the input end of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider is connected to a signal source, and the The output terminals of the first halved Wilkinson power divider are respectively connected to the input terminals of the two second halved Wilkinson power dividers through microstrip lines, and the two second halved Wilkinson power dividers have The output ends are respectively connected to four signal output ports through microstrip lines. The 180° phase shifter is arranged on the microstrip line connected to the output end of one side of the first bisecting Wilkinson power divider. The two The 90° phase shifters are respectively arranged on the microstrip lines connected to the two opposite signal output ports. 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述微带线呈不规则弯曲状排列。7. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons according to claim 6, characterized in that the microstrip lines are arranged in an irregular curved shape. 8.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于表面等离子体激元的圆极化阵列天线,其特征在于,所述180°移相器连接的微带线侧边设置有多个条形贴片,所述条形贴片的内侧边均蚀刻有矩形槽。8. A circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmons according to claim 6, characterized in that multiple strip patches are provided on the sides of the microstrip line connected to the 180° phase shifter. , the inner sides of the strip-shaped patches are etched with rectangular grooves.
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