CN111682305A - Low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication - Google Patents
Low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN111682305A CN111682305A CN202010447825.3A CN202010447825A CN111682305A CN 111682305 A CN111682305 A CN 111682305A CN 202010447825 A CN202010447825 A CN 202010447825A CN 111682305 A CN111682305 A CN 111682305A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of satellite mobile communication, and particularly provides a low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication, which is used for overcoming the problems of narrow beam width, high profile, narrow working bandwidth, large transverse dimension and the like of the conventional satellite communication antenna. The invention adopts the design of the microstrip quaternary array which is rotationally arranged around the center of the upper dielectric substrate at equal intervals in sequence, so that the antenna has good circular polarization performance; meanwhile, the distance between the array elements is adjusted, the current distribution of the diagonal array elements can be controlled, and the antenna can realize wide-beam radiation; an air layer is introduced between the radiator and the metal reflecting layer, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened by adjusting the thickness of the air layer; most importantly, the inventionThe line has an extremely low profile relative to an antenna of the same performance, and can achieve 0.068 lambda0The wind resistance-increasing device is more suitable for air or ground carriers moving at high speed with larger wind resistance in satellite communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of satellite mobile communication, and particularly provides a low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication.
Background
The types of circularly polarized antennas commonly used in satellite mobile communications mainly include helical antennas, microstrip antennas, cross dipole antennas, and the like. Better flexibility in the orientation angle between transmission and reception, mobility, strong ionospheric penetration energy, and reduction of multipath reflections or other types of interference for circularly polarized waves compared to linearly polarized waves; accordingly, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in various wireless systems. However, in many applications, in addition to requiring a wide operating bandwidth for the antenna, in order to ensure an adequate communication link for the satellite communication system, the antenna is required to have a sufficiently wide beam width; in addition, for air or ground carriers moving at high speed, the system puts higher requirements on the profile of the antenna because of higher wind resistance.
A Parasitic-patch Loaded Low-Profile cross-Dipole Antenna for GPS communications is disclosed in the documents "Son Xuat Ta, Chien Ngoc Dao, Kam Eucharit Kedze, Ikmo park, ' Low-Profile Cross-Dipole Antenna Loaded with Parasitic Patches ', 2018International work on Antenna Technology (iWAT), DOI:10.1109/IWAT.2018.8379175,2018 ', which effectively reduces the Profile height of the Antenna to 0.87 lambda by loading four Parasitic Patches between the cross-Dipole Antenna and the ground plane0The working bandwidth of the antenna is improved; the simulation result shows that the final size of the antenna is 0.64 lambda0×0.64λ0×0.87λ0(λ0The wavelength of the central frequency point in free space), the half-power beam width is 72 degrees, and the standing-wave ratio is<2 has a bandwidth of 22.93%, Axial Ratio (AR)<3dB) the bandwidth is 13.4 percent, and the axial ratio at the central frequency point is 1.5 dB; however, the disadvantage of this antenna is that the beam width is not wide and the profile is high.
The documents "Choi E.C, Lee J.W, Lee T.K, ` Modified S-band satellite antenna with isoflur p attern and cyclic polarized with beam `, ` J]IEEEantennas and Wireless Propagati on Letters,2013,12: 1319-; by adjusting the height between the horizontal crossed dipole antenna and the reference ground and the area of the vertical loading parasitic unit, the overall 3dB axial ratio beam width of the antenna is enabled to be larger than 140 degrees, and the axial ratio at the elevation angle of 0 degree is smaller than 5 dB; however, the antenna has the defects of overlarge size, high section and 0.41 lambda of antenna size on the surface of a final simulation result0×0.41λ0×0.55λ0(λ0The wavelength of the central frequency point in free space).
The document "Yu-Xiang Sun, Kwok Wa Leung, Kai Lu.:' Broadbeam Cross-Dipoleantenna for GPSApplications', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and propagation, Vol:65, pp 5605-; the cross dipoles and the circular fields are respectively printed on two orthogonally placed dielectric substrates, a feed network of the antenna adopts a T-shaped power dividing network, and the whole antenna is vertically placed in a cylindrical metal back cavity with a corrugated edge; the bent printed dipole, the circular ground and the cylindrical metal back cavity with the corrugated edge can improve the low elevation gain of the antenna and widen the beam width (axial ratio beam width and half-power beam width); from the simulation results, the axial ratio beam width (AR) of the antenna is known<3dB) to 230 deg., half power beamwidth to 150 deg., a measured gain of 0.11dBic at Theta of 85 deg., a bandwidth of 19% for an antenna standing wave less than 2, and a final size of 0.26 λ0×0.26λ0×0.38λ0B, carrying out the following steps of; however, the antenna has the disadvantages of high profile, narrow working bandwidth and complex installation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-profile circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication, which has the advantages of small size, extremely low profile, simple structure, easy installation and the like, and simultaneously has wide beam characteristics so as to be applied to satellite communication.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a low profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communications, comprising: the antenna comprises a radiation patch array 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2, a metal reflecting layer 3, a lower dielectric substrate 4, a feed network 5 and a coaxial cable 7; the radiation patch array 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 2, and the radiation patch array 1 is formed by sequentially arranging four radiation patches in a rotating mode at equal intervals around the center of the upper-layer dielectric substrate; the metal reflecting layer 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4, and the feed network 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4; the feed network 5 and the four square radiation patches are respectively connected with feed through coaxial cables 7, the four coaxial cables 7 are fixedly connected with the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the lower dielectric substrate 4, and an air layer 6 is formed between the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the metal reflection layer 3.
Furthermore, four radiation patches in the radiation patch array are fed in through a feed network and a coaxial cable to generate four orthogonal linearly polarized waves, two radiation patches on a diagonal line radiate in equal amplitude and in phase, the feed phase sequence of the feed points of the four radiation patches sequentially differs by-90 degrees or 90 degrees, and the radiation fields of the four radiation patches are overlapped in space to form left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized waves.
Further, the feed network adopts a series equal power division feed network.
In terms of working principle:
the antenna radiator adopts a 2 multiplied by 2 sequential rotation microstrip array form, and 4 linear polarization units form an array through sequential rotation feeding; the coaxial cable is combined with the series equal power division feed network for feeding, so that four orthogonal linearly polarized waves are generated, two array elements on a diagonal line radiate in equal amplitude and in phase, and when the feed phases of four feed points rotate sequentially and sequentially with a phase difference of-90 degrees (90 degrees), the radiation fields of four patch units form left-hand (right-hand) circularly polarized waves after being spatially superposed. The antenna adopts a quaternary array form, and the microstrip patches sequentially rotate to form an array; compared with the binary array, the spatial phase difference of one row (or column) of the quaternary array is opposite to that of the other row (or column) of the quaternary array, and the spatial phase difference can be mutually offset in a far field, so that the circular polarization performance is good; the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened by adjusting the thickness of the air layer between the radiating body and the reflecting metal plate, and the current distribution of the diagonal array elements can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the array elements, so that the antenna realizes wide-beam radiation.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication, which adopts a microstrip quaternary array design which is sequentially and rotationally arranged around the center of an upper-layer dielectric substrate at equal intervals, so that the antenna has good circular polarization performance; meanwhile, an air layer is introduced between the radiator and the metal reflecting layer, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be widened by adjusting the thickness of the air layer; moreover, the diagonal array can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the array elementsThe current distribution of the element enables the antenna to realize wide-beam radiation; most importantly, the antenna of the invention has extremely low section compared with the antenna with the same performance, and can achieve 0.068 lambda0The wind resistance-increasing device is more suitable for air or ground carriers moving at high speed with larger wind resistance in satellite communication.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to the present invention; the antenna comprises a radiating patch 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2, a metal reflecting plate 3, a lower dielectric substrate 4, a feed network 5, an air layer 6 and a coaxial cable 7.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a square radiation patch array in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a structure diagram of a feed network in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a simulation result of return loss of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a normalized gain pattern at the center frequency point of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna in an embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an axial ratio diagram of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna at the center frequency point in the embodiment.
FIG. 8 shows the elevation gain of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna at the center frequency point in the embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular radiation patch array in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present embodiment provides a low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication, which has a structure as shown in fig. 1 to 4, and specifically includes: the antenna comprises a radiation patch array 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2, a metal reflecting layer 3, a lower dielectric substrate 4, a feed network 5 and a coaxial cable 7; the radiation patch array 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 2, and the radiation patch array 1 is formed by sequentially arranging four radiation patches in a rotating mode at equal intervals around the center of the upper-layer dielectric substrate; the metal reflecting layer 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4, and the feed network 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4; the feed network 5 and the four square radiation patches are respectively connected with feed through coaxial cables 7, the four coaxial cables 7 are fixedly connected with the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the lower dielectric substrate 4, and an air layer 6 is formed between the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the metal reflection layer 3.
It should be noted that the radiation patches in this embodiment are square radiation patches, so that four square radiation patches are sequentially and rotationally arranged around the center of the upper dielectric substrate at equal intervals, which is equivalent to a conventional 2 × 2 array, as shown in fig. 3; the embodiment adopts a square shape, the four square patches are symmetrical in structure about the center, the generated circularly polarized radiation is also symmetrical in space, and the radiation in the azimuth plane is relatively uniform, so that the circularly polarized performance of the antenna is better; however, in the present invention, the shape of the radiation patch is not limited to the square, and radiation patches with other shapes, such as a rectangle, can be adopted according to actual requirements in the antenna design process, as shown in fig. 9.
In this embodiment, the antenna radiator structure is as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, four square radiating patch units are sequentially and rotationally printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate at equal intervals around the center of the dielectric substrate, the size of the patch unit is Wp × Wp: 17mm × 17mm, the adjustment unit size can change the gain of the antenna, and meanwhile, in order to obtain better aperture efficiency, reduce cross polarization and ensure sufficient spatial layout of the feed network, the array element interval d here is 16mm and about 0.11 λ0D largely determines the beam width of the antenna and the shape of the directional pattern; the metal reflecting plate is positioned on the upper surface of the lower medium substrate, the upper medium substrate and the lower medium substrate are both FR4, and the upper medium substrate, the lower medium substrate and the metal reflecting plate are all W in size1×L160mm × 60mm, metal reflector plate thickness of 1mm, height H0: an air layer of 8mm is introduced between the upper dielectric substrate and the reflective floor by adjusting H0The working bandwidth can be properly widened; the feed network structure adopts a series equal power division feed network, as shown in fig. 4The width of each transmission line is: w0＝5.23mm，W1＝8.65mm，W2＝6.2mm，W3＝1.7mm。
The results of the simulation test of the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna are shown in fig. 5 to 8; simulation results show that: final size of antenna is 0.42 lambda0×0.42λ0×0.068λ0The overall profile is only 0.068 lambda0(λ0The wavelength in free space of the central frequency point); the impedance bandwidth with return loss less than-10 dB reaches 44%, as shown in fig. 5; at the central frequency point f0At 2.09GHz, when phi is 0 °, 3dB _ ARBW is 175 ° and HPBW is 110 °, and when phi is 90 °, HPBW is 107 ° and 3dB _ ARBW is 167 °, as shown in fig. 6 and 7; at the central frequency point f0At 2.09GHz, when Theta is 0 °, the axial ratio is 1.33dB, as shown in fig. 7; as can be seen from the elevation gain diagram of the antenna, at the center frequency point, the elevation angle with the gain greater than 0dBi is greater than 23 degrees (Theta)<67 deg. and an angle of elevation greater than 30 deg. (Theta)<60 deg.) is greater than 0.47dBi, as shown in fig. 8; the backward radiation of the antenna is almost zero, and the front-to-back ratio can reach-40 dB, as shown in figure 6. Therefore, the low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communication provided by the embodiment realizes the functions of broadband, wide beam, low elevation angle, high gain and ultralow profile.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the disclosed features, or all of the method or process steps, may be combined in any combination, except mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Claims (3)
1. A low profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communications, comprising: the antenna comprises a radiation patch array (1), an upper dielectric substrate (2), a metal reflecting layer (3), a lower dielectric substrate (4), a feed network (5) and a coaxial cable (7); the radiation patch array (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate (2), and the radiation patch array (1) is formed by sequentially arranging four radiation patches in a rotating mode at equal intervals around the center of the upper-layer dielectric substrate; the metal reflecting layer (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (4), and the feed network (5) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (4); the feed network (5) and the four square radiation patches are respectively connected with feed through coaxial cables (7), the four coaxial cables (7) are fixedly connected with the upper dielectric substrate (2) and the lower dielectric substrate (4), and an air layer (6) is formed between the upper dielectric substrate (2) and the metal reflection layer (3).
2. A low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein four radiating patches in said array of radiating patches are fed via a feed network and a coaxial cable to generate four orthogonal linearly polarized waves, two radiating patches on a diagonal radiate with equal amplitude and in phase, and the feed phase sequence of the feed points of the four radiating patches differ sequentially by-90 ° or 90 °.
3. A low-profile circularly polarized microstrip antenna for satellite communications according to claim 1 wherein said feed network comprises a series equal power split feed network.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112327665A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-05 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Satellite large-scale component rigidity control method based on half-power bandwidth in multi-satellite transmission |
| CN112736473A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江大学 | Low-profile antenna with adjustable radiation characteristic |
| CN113497358A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-12 | 德州学院 | Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment |
| CN114142244A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-04 | 上海大学 | Dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization shared-caliber broadband super-surface microstrip antenna |
| CN114464996A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons |
| CN115207617A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Mechanical reconfigurable panel antenna |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112327665A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-05 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Satellite large-scale component rigidity control method based on half-power bandwidth in multi-satellite transmission |
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| CN112736473A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江大学 | Low-profile antenna with adjustable radiation characteristic |
| CN112736473B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Low-profile antenna with adjustable radiation characteristic |
| CN113497358A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-12 | 德州学院 | Wide-angle dual-circularly-polarized antenna with low elevation gain enhancement and equipment |
| WO2023000462A1 (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2023-01-26 | 德州学院 | Wide-angle dual circularly polarized antenna having enhanced low-elevation gain and device |
| CN114142244A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-04 | 上海大学 | Dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization shared-caliber broadband super-surface microstrip antenna |
| CN114464996A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon polaritons |
| CN114464996B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-12-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized array antenna based on surface plasmon |
| CN115207617A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Mechanical reconfigurable panel antenna |
| CN115207617B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-12-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Mechanically reconfigurable panel antenna |
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Application publication date: 20200918 |