CN114464988A - Design method of special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna - Google Patents
Design method of special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114464988A CN114464988A CN202111652796.5A CN202111652796A CN114464988A CN 114464988 A CN114464988 A CN 114464988A CN 202111652796 A CN202111652796 A CN 202111652796A CN 114464988 A CN114464988 A CN 114464988A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/06—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of broadband back cavity antennas, and discloses a method for designing a special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized back cavity antenna. The cavity-backed antenna designed by the invention can eliminate the following components: the high-frequency end directional diagram within the range of 1 bandwidth is seriously distorted, and the integral structure has strong vibration resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of broadband back cavity antennas, in particular to a design method of a special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized back cavity antenna.
Background
The dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna has the advantages that any polarization can be formed through a back-end network, and the application range of the dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna on electronic equipment is wide. Orthogonal element excited cavity-backed antennas are a typical implementation of broadband dual-polarized cavity-backed antennas. The bandwidth of the traditional orthogonal bowtie element excited broadband cavity-backed antenna is 2: 1-2.5: 1. the main factor influencing the bandwidth is the specific implementation form of the excitation oscillator, and the caliber size depends on the specific structure of the cavity-backed antenna. When the excitation oscillator is exposed out of the back cavity opening surface, the size of the cavity can be smaller than 0.3 low-frequency end wavelength, but the quality of a radiation pattern is poor, the back cavity antenna is essentially degenerated into a reflection type oscillator antenna, and the use environment is limited. When the excitation vibrator is arranged in the back cavity opening surface, the size of the opening surface of the back cavity is difficult to control within 0.5 low-frequency end wavelength. This results in severe distortion of the radiation pattern at the high frequency end of the dual polarized cavity-backed antenna. In addition, although the traditional orthogonal oscillator excitation cavity-backed antenna has a simple structure, the high-intensity vibration resistance is weak.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing problems, the method for designing the special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized back cavity antenna is provided, and the method adopts an integrated structure for the oscillator, the cavity and the double-wire balance device to eliminate the structural defect of the traditional oscillator excitation back cavity antenna, so that the application range is expanded; the four reinforcing rib stand columns on the antenna reflection cavity are connected with the special-shaped loading dielectric plate to enable the antenna to form a closed structure, so that the overall rigidity of the antenna is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a design method of a special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna comprises the following steps:
designing the vibrator piece: the oscillator piece comprises a V-shaped oscillator piece and an H-shaped oscillator piece, the V-shaped oscillator piece and the H-shaped oscillator piece are designed in a mode of combining a conventional bow tie and a plate-shaped dipole, the width selection range of the oscillator piece is 0.08-0.12 low-frequency end wavelengths, and the double-arm length selection range of the oscillator piece is 0.25-0.3 low-frequency end wavelengths;
designing a special-shaped loading medium plate: tightly attaching and fixing a special-shaped loading dielectric plate on the antenna aperture surface, wherein the special-shaped loading dielectric plate selects 0.03-0.05 low-frequency end equivalent wavelengths;
design of the positioning medium piece: the diameter of the positioning dielectric piece is set to be the same as the length of the two arms of the oscillator piece, the central part of the positioning dielectric piece is removed, and the diameter of the removed central part is equal to the length of the two arms of the oscillator piece
Selecting the range, wherein the thickness of the positioning medium sheet is selected to be 0.0005-0.001 low-frequency end wavelength;
design of the two-wire balancer: the method is realized by adopting four metal short circuit upright posts; two non-adjacent upright posts form a double-wire transmission line; the upright post is connected with the bottom of the back cavity in a short circuit way (structurally, the upright post is a whole).
Design of high impedance lines: embedding a high impedance line in the coaxial feed line of the dual line balancer, the characteristic impedance of the high impedance line being selected between 70-100 ohms, the length of the high impedance line being between
Selecting within a wavelength range of a high-frequency end;
design of feed probe: and a high-temperature low-loss radiation-resistant medium sleeve is added at the middle part of the feed probe.
Further, the positioning medium sheet material is made of a low-loss high-strength medium material.
Further, the design of the profiled loading medium plate further comprises: and removing part of the medium in the center of the special-shaped loading medium plate.
Further, the depth of the removed part of the medium is not more than two thirds of the thickness of the special-shaped medium loading plate.
Further, the material of the special-shaped loading medium plate is any one of polyether-ether-ketone, ceramic and polyimide.
Furthermore, the feed probe is designed and manufactured in a metal sheet mode.
Further, the V-shaped oscillator piece and the H-shaped oscillator piece are perpendicular to each other.
Further, the characteristic impedance of the two-wire transmission line is selected within the range of 120-300 omega.
Furthermore, the length of the upright column is selected within the range of 0.3-0.45 high-frequency end wavelength; the transverse size of the upright post is reasonably selected according to the external diameter size of the embedded high-impedance line.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
1) the combined action of the special-shaped loading dielectric plate and the positioning dielectric sheet enables the aperture size of the antenna to be compressed to 1/3 low-frequency end wavelengths, and the directional diagram bandwidth reaches 3: 1;
2) the standing wave bandwidth of the antenna is up to 3 by the compensation effect of the high-impedance line: 1;
3) the cantilever vibrator sheet is fixed into a whole by the positioning medium sheet, so that the hidden danger of fatigue damage of the vibrator sheet due to flutter is eliminated;
4) the feed probe adopts an elastic metal sheet to realize the improvement of the reliability under the condition of strong vibration and ensure the consistency of two channel structures of orthogonal feed.
5) The integrated structure form of the antenna and the positioning medium sheet improve the strong vibration resistance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cavity-backed antenna structure designed by the method (without the special-shaped loading dielectric plate).
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the cavity-backed antenna designed by the method.
Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the special-shaped medium loading plate.
Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the profiled media loading plate.
Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating standing wave coefficients of a cavity-backed antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the V-port radiation pattern (low end of frequency).
Fig. 7 is a V-port radiation pattern (center frequency).
Fig. 8 is a V-port radiation pattern (high end of frequency).
Fig. 9 is an H-port radiation pattern (low end of frequency).
Fig. 10 is an H-port radiation pattern (center frequency).
Fig. 11 is an H-port radiation pattern (high end of frequency).
FIG. 12 is an axial gain diagram (V/H port).
Reference numerals: the method comprises the following steps of 1-positioning a dielectric sheet, 2-a double-line balancer, 3-an antenna reflection cavity back cavity, 4-V-type oscillator sheets, 5-V-type feed probes, 6-H-type oscillator sheets and 7-H-type feed probes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a method for designing a special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna, which includes designing a dipole piece, a special-shaped loading dielectric plate, a double-line balancer, a high-impedance line, a positioning dielectric piece and a feed probe, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, specifically as follows:
designing the vibrator piece: the oscillator pieces comprise V-shaped oscillator pieces and H-shaped oscillator pieces, the V-shaped oscillator pieces and the H-shaped oscillator pieces are designed in a mode of combining a conventional bow tie and a platy dipole, and H, V oscillator pieces are perpendicular to each other and are orthogonal to an excitation source of the cavity backed antenna.
The widths of the V-shaped vibrator piece and the H-shaped vibrator piece are selected within the wavelength range of 0.08-0.12 low-frequency ends, and the lengths of the two arms of the V-shaped vibrator piece and the H-shaped vibrator piece are selected within the wavelength range of 0.25-0.3 low-frequency ends.
Designing a special-shaped loading medium plate: the special-shaped loading dielectric plate is added by utilizing the distribution characteristic of radio frequency current on the oscillator, the special-shaped loading dielectric plate is tightly attached and fixed on the opening surface of the antenna, the length of the oscillator and the diameter of the reflection cavity are compressed, and meanwhile, the impedance frequency change characteristic of the antenna in the band is smooth.
The special-shaped loading dielectric plate is made of low-loss high-dielectric-constant dielectric materials, such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ceramic, polyimide and the like.
Selecting 0.03-0.05 low-frequency end equivalent wavelengths for the thickness of the special-shaped loading dielectric plate;
part of the medium is removed from the center of the special-shaped loading medium plate, so that the weight can be reduced; the diameter of the removed part can be properly adjusted according to the caliber compression ratio, and the depth does not exceed 2/3 of the thickness of the special-shaped loading medium plate.
Design of the positioning medium piece: the diameter of the positioning medium piece is set to be the same as the length of the two arms of the V-shaped oscillator piece and the H-shaped oscillator piece, the thickness of the positioning medium piece is selected within the range of 0.0005-0.001 low-frequency end wavelength, and the positioning medium piece is used for fixing the relative position of the oscillator pieces and mediating the medium loading of the antenna.
Removing central parts of both sides of the positioning dielectric sheet, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the diameters of the central parts removed at both sides are within the length of both arms of the oscillator piece
The range is selected to avoid the impedance frequency characteristic deterioration of the oscillator piece caused by the forced loading of the positioning medium piece.
The positioning dielectric sheet material can be selected from low-loss high-strength dielectric materials such as Peek, quartz ceramic and the like.
Design of the two-wire balancer: the double-line balancer is arranged in a back cavity of the antenna reflection cavity and is realized by four metal short circuit stand columns (the cross section can be round or square). Two pairs of opposite metal cylinders form two groups of double-line transmission lines. The characteristic impedance of the two-wire transmission line is selected within the range of 120-300 omega. The metal upright posts are connected with the bottom of the back cavity in a short circuit mode (the structure is integrated). The length of the metal upright post is selected within the wavelength range of 0.3-0.45 high-frequency ends.
Design of high impedance lines: embedding a high impedance line in the coaxial feed line of the dual line balancer, the characteristic impedance of the high impedance line being selected between 70-100 ohms, the length of the high impedance line being between
Within a wavelength range of a high frequency endAnd selecting to play a role in adjusting the impedance frequency characteristic of the antenna, so that the standing wave bandwidth reaches 3: 1.
design of feed probe: the feed probes are divided into a V feed probe and an H feed probe, the two feed probes are realized by adopting metal sheets, and the middle parts of the two feed probes are added with high-temperature low-loss anti-irradiation medium sleeves to avoid short circuit at the crossed position of the V/H feed probes.
One specific implementation example is provided below:
the implementation example is 3: 1-bandwidth special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-linear polarization cavity-backed antenna. The special-shaped loading dielectric plate and the positioning dielectric sheet are made of PEEK materials with the dielectric constant of 3.2. Selecting 0.03 low-frequency-end equivalent wavelengths for the thickness of the special-shaped loading dielectric plate; the thickness of the positioning medium sheet is selected to be 0.0005 low-frequency end wavelength. The aperture of the antenna selects 0.4 low-frequency end wavelengths, and the width of the antenna selects 0.25 low-frequency end wavelengths.
As shown in fig. 6-12, wherein fig. 6-8 are radiation patterns of the V-port at the low end of the frequency, the center frequency, and the high end of the frequency, respectively; fig. 9-11 are radiation patterns of the H-port at the low end of the frequency, the center frequency, and the high end of the frequency, respectively.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that insubstantial changes or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A design method of a special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
designing the vibrator piece: the vibrator piece comprises a V vibrator piece and an H vibrator piece, the V vibrator piece and the H vibrator piece are designed in a mode of combining a conventional bow tie and a platy dipole, the width of the vibrator piece is selected within the wavelength range of 0.08-0.12 low-frequency ends, and the length of two arms of the vibrator piece is selected within the wavelength range of 0.25-0.3 low-frequency ends;
designing a special-shaped loading medium plate: tightly attaching and fixing the special-shaped loading dielectric plate on the antenna aperture surface, wherein the thickness of the special-shaped loading dielectric plate selects 0.03-0.05 equivalent wavelengths of the low-frequency end;
design of the positioning medium piece: the diameter of the positioning dielectric piece is set to be the same as the length of the two arms of the oscillator piece, the central part of the positioning dielectric piece is removed, and the diameter of the removed central part is equal to the length of the two arms of the oscillator piece
Selecting the range, wherein the thickness of the positioning medium sheet is selected to be in the range of 0.0005-0.001 low-frequency end wavelength;
design of the two-wire balancer: the method is realized by adopting four metal short circuit upright posts; two non-adjacent upright posts form a double-wire transmission line; the upright post is in short circuit connection with the bottom of the back cavity;
design of high impedance lines: embedding a high-impedance line in a coaxial feeder of a double-line balancer, wherein the characteristic impedance of the high-impedance line is selected from 70-100 ohms, and the length of the high-impedance line is within the range of
Selecting within a wavelength range of a high-frequency end;
design of feed probe: and a high-temperature low-loss radiation-resistant medium sleeve is added at the middle part of the feed probe.
2. The method for designing a special-shaped dielectric-loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 1, wherein a low-loss high-strength dielectric material is selected as the positioning dielectric sheet material.
3. The method for designing a special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 1, wherein the design of the special-shaped loading dielectric plate further comprises: and removing part of the medium in the center of the special-shaped loading medium plate.
4. The design method of the special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 3, wherein the depth of the removed part of the dielectric is not more than two thirds of the thickness of the special-shaped dielectric loading plate.
5. The method for designing the special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 1, wherein the special-shaped loading dielectric plate is made of any one of polyether-ether-ketone, ceramic and polyimide.
6. The method for designing a special-shaped dielectric-loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed probe is designed and manufactured in a metal sheet form.
7. The method for designing the special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the V-shaped oscillator piece and the H-shaped oscillator piece are perpendicular to each other.
8. The design method of the special-shaped dielectric loading dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic impedance of the dual-line transmission line is selected within a range of 120-300 Ω.
9. The method for designing the special-shaped dielectric loaded dual-polarized cavity-backed antenna according to claim 1, wherein the length of the upright column is selected from the range of 0.3-0.45 high-frequency end wavelength.
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