CN114463920A - Remote fire composite detector and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote fire composite detector and a detection method, and the remote fire composite detector comprises a shell, a battery module, a sensor module and a circuit board, wherein the sensor module comprises a CO sensor, a particulate matter sensor and a TVOC gas sensor, the shell is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the battery module is arranged at the upper layer of the shell, the middle layer of the shell is provided with an LED module and the circuit board, and the lower layer of the shell is provided with the CO sensor, the particulate matter sensor, the TVOC gas sensor and a buzzer module. The environment abnormity alarm sent by the cloud server can be remotely monitored and acquired in real time, the three parameters of the PM value, the TVOC concentration and the CO concentration are used for monitoring, signals can be rapidly detected under the conditions that more CO is generated due to smoldering in the initial stage of a fire disaster, the smoke quantity generated by burning of partial materials is small, the possibility of suppressing and extinguishing the fire disaster is improved, and a large-capacity rechargeable battery is arranged in the detector, so that long-time cruising is realized and the environment is protected.

Description

A kind of remote fire composite detector and detection method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire detectors, in particular to a remote fire composite detector and a detection method.

Background technique

Fire is one of the most common hazards that threaten public safety. In the early stage of the fire, when the flame is just ignited, the burning area is small and the flame height is low. At this time, there is less smoke, and people are often difficult to detect. When the flame continued to burn and began to spread to other furniture, the fire became bigger and bigger, the indoor temperature rose rapidly, and a large amount of smoke was generated, causing serious harm to people. Therefore, in order to reduce the occurrence of fires and ensure the safety of people's lives and property, a fire detector is needed that can monitor the environment in real time and alarm in time when abnormality is detected.

At present, there are two common fire detectors: photoelectric type smoke and ion type smoke detectors. Photoelectric smoke detectors are detected by the light beams received by the photosensitive elements on the detectors to generate signals. When there is smoke in the air of the cargo hold, smoke particles It will scatter more light beam to the photosensitive element and alarm. Ionization smoke detectors provide alarms by detecting ionization in the air.

However, these detectors all have the problem of a single detection parameter. When the smoke production in the early stage of combustion is low, there are fewer smoke particles in the air, so the light beam scattered to the photosensitive element of the smoke detector is also less, and the ionization in the air is also weak. Therefore, it is difficult to detect the occurrence of fire in the early stage of combustion, which makes the best time to extinguish the fire missed. At the same time, the traditional fire detector sounds the alarm through the buzzer. If there is no person around the detector, it will not be found that a fire has occurred at the location. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a remote fire composite detector capable of realizing rapid response to fire alarms.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a remote fire composite detector and a detection method. By monitoring three parameters of PM value, TVOC concentration and CO concentration, the rapid response to fire alarm is realized, and the suppression of fire is improved. The possibility of extinguishing fires solves the problems mentioned in the above background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a remote fire composite detector, the fire composite detector includes a housing, a battery module, a sensor module and a circuit board, and the sensor module includes a CO sensor, a particulate matter sensor and a circuit board. TVOC gas sensor, the casing is divided into upper, middle and lower layers, the battery module is arranged on the upper layer of the casing, the middle layer of the casing is arranged with LED modules and circuit boards, and the lower layer of the casing is arranged with CO sensors, particulate matter sensors, TVOC gas sensors and buzzer module.

Preferably, the battery module includes an 8.4V power supply composed of two lithium batteries and a power monitoring chip for detecting power.

Preferably, the outer surface of the lower layer of the casing is provided with a number of grid holes at equal intervals for gas entry, which is convenient for the sensor module to monitor the gas.

Preferably, the circuit board is provided with an ESP8266 module and a power conversion circuit, the power conversion circuit includes an AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip and an AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip, the positive electrode of the battery module is connected to the positive electrode of the circuit board, and the battery module The negative pole of the circuit board is connected to the ground of the circuit board, the AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip converts the positive voltage of the circuit board to 5V, and the AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip converts the 5V voltage to 3.3V to ensure the power supply of different components.

Preferably, the ESP8266 module is welded on the circuit board, the positive pole of the ESP8266 module is connected to the converted 3.3V, the ground of the ESP8266 module is connected to the ground of the circuit board, and the ESP8266 module includes analog pins A0, GPIO pins pin D0, GPIO pin D6, GPIO pin D7, SDA pin D2, SCL pin D1, serial port RX and serial port TX.

Preferably, the CO sensor is welded on the circuit board and connected to the analog pin A0; the particle sensor is fixed to the circuit board through pin headers, powered by the converted 5V, and connected to the serial port RX; the The TVOC gas sensor is soldered on the board and connected to SDA pin D2 and SCL pin D1.

Preferably, the buzzer module is connected to the GPIO pin D7 through a signal line, and when an alarm occurs, the pin is set to a high level to drive the buzzer to sound.

Preferably, the LED module includes red and green LED lamp beads, the LED module is connected to the GPIO pin D0 and the GPIO pin D6, and the LED module is used to display the power status of the battery module;

When the power of the battery module is normal, the GPIO pin D0 is set to a high level and the green light is on;

When the power of the battery module is low, the GPIO pin D6 is set to a high level and the red light is on.

In addition, in order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions: a detection method for a remote fire composite detector, the detection method includes:

Collect real-time environmental signals through the sensor module;

Send the signal to the ESP8266 module, when the collected signal reaches the preset threshold of each sensor, the ESP8266 module controls the buzzer module to give an early warning, and transmits the signal to the cloud server;

The cloud server sends the alarm-related information of the detector to the corresponding remote terminal for early warning;

The user sends a data monitoring request to the cloud server by controlling the remote terminal. After receiving the request, the cloud server forwards the real-time data of the detector to realize remote monitoring.

Preferably, the remote terminal is a mobile phone, a notebook or a tablet computer.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts the ESP8266 module to realize data upload, and serves as a detector MCU to receive sensor signals, thereby reducing the use of additional components and reducing power consumption, so that the cost is low and suitable for promotion, and users can remotely monitor and obtain the data in real time. The environmental abnormality alarm sent by the cloud server is monitored by three parameters: PM value, TVOC concentration, and CO concentration. In the face of smoldering in the early stage of the fire, more CO is generated, and some materials are burned with a small amount of smoke. It can also be quickly detected. Signal, improve the possibility of fire suppression, the detector has a built-in large-capacity rechargeable battery to achieve long-term battery life and environmental protection.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detector of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure;

In the figure, 1-housing, 2-LED module, 3-pin header, 4-grid hole, 5-CO sensor, 6-particulate sensor, 7-TVOC gas sensor, 8-buzzer module, 9-circuit Board, 10-battery module, 11-ESP8266 module, 12-analog pin A0, 13-GPIO pin D0, 14-GPIO pin D6, 15-GPIO pin D7, 16-ESP8266 module positive pole, 17- Circuit board grounding, 18- circuit board positive pole, 19-AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip, 20-AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip, 21-ESP8266 module grounding, 22-SDA pin D2, 23-SCL pin D1, 24- Serial Port RX, 25 - Serial Port TX.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a remote fire composite detector, specifically a remote fire composite detector based on the ESP8266 chip, as shown in Figure 1, the fire composite detector includes Housing 1, LED module 2, pin header 3, grid hole 4, CO sensor 5, particulate matter sensor 6, TVOC gas sensor 7, buzzer module 8, circuit board 9 and battery module 10, the housing is divided into The upper, middle and lower layers are installed with the battery module 10, the middle layer is installed with the LED module 2 and the circuit board 9, the lower layer is installed with the CO sensor 5, the particle sensor 6, the TVOC gas sensor 7 and the buzzer module 8, and the lower shell is opened. There are grid holes 4 at equal intervals, so that the gas to be measured can quickly enter the chamber where the sensor is located, and it is convenient for the sensor module to monitor the gas. The battery module 10 is composed of an 8.4V power supply composed of two 18650 lithium batteries and a power monitoring chip LTC4150. The battery has large capacity and high safety performance, which can ensure the normal operation of the detector for a long time, and can be recharged for a thousand times at the same time. Repeated use is more environmentally friendly.

The LED module 2 includes red and green LED lamp beads, and the LED module is connected to the GPIO pin D0 13 and the GPIO pin D614. When the battery module power is normal, the GPIO pin D0 13 is set to a high level. At this time, the green light is on, and the battery When the power of the module is low, the GPIO pin D6 14 is set to a high level and the red light is on, which plays the function of displaying the status of the battery module.

The structure of the circuit board 9 is shown in Figure 2, and there is a power conversion circuit on the circuit board, which specifically includes an AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip (19) and an AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip (20), the positive electrode 18 of the circuit board and the positive electrode of the battery module 10 Connected, the circuit board ground 17 is connected to the negative pole of the battery module 10, the AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip 19 converts the voltage of the positive electrode 18 of the circuit board to output 5V, and the AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip 20 converts 5V and outputs 3.3V to ensure the normal operation of different sensors and components. powered by.

The ESP8266 module 11 soldered on the circuit board 9 is ESP12F, the positive pole 16 of the ESP8266 module is connected to the converted 3.3V, the ground 21 of the ESP8266 module is connected to the ground of the circuit board 17, and the analog pins A0 12, GPIO pin D0 13, GPIO pin D6 14, GPIO pin D7 15, SDA pin D2 22, SCL pin D1 23, serial port RX 24, serial port TX 25 leads out.

The CO sensor 5 is TGS5141, which is soldered on the circuit board 9, connected to the analog pin A012, and sends detection data to the analog pin A012.

The particle sensor 6 is a PMS7003, which is fixed to the circuit board 9 through the pin header 3, powered by the converted 5V, connected to the serial port RX24, and sends detection data to the serial port RX24.

The TVOC gas sensor 7 is SGP30, which is soldered on the circuit board 9 and connected with SDA pins D2 22 and SCL pins D123, and sends detection data to SDA pins D2 22 and SCL pins D1 23.

The buzzer module 8 is connected to the GPIO pin D715 through a signal line, and when an alarm occurs, the pin is set to a high level to drive the buzzer to sound.

The TVOC gas sensor measures the TVOC concentration in the air and communicates with the ESP8266 module through I2C; the CO sensor measures the CO concentration in the air, and the analog signal generated by it is transmitted through the AD conversion pins on the ESP8266 module; the buzzer module is welded on the circuit On the board, the signal line is connected to the ESP8266 module.

LED module 2 is soldered on the circuit board, the negative pole is connected to the GND terminal of the circuit board, and the positive pole is connected to the GPIO port of the ESP8266 module (GPIO pin D0 13, GPIO pin D6 14); After the circuit is processed, the 3.3V power supply is powered, and its pins are drawn out on the circuit board to connect with other modules. It uploads the data to the cloud server by connecting to the wireless network, and then distributes the data to each remote terminal for alarming.

A detection method for a remote fire composite detector based on the ESP8266 chip: collect the surrounding environment status through the CO sensor 5, the particle sensor 6, and the TVOC gas sensor 7, and transmit the signal to the ESP8266 module 11. When the sensor detection parameters appear larger When it changes (reaches the preset threshold of each sensor), the ESP8266 module 11 controls the buzzer module 8 to give an alarm, and transmits the signal to the cloud server, and the cloud server sends the alarm related information of the detector to the corresponding remote terminal , for review, users can also send data monitoring requests to the cloud server through the remote terminal. After receiving the request, the cloud server forwards the real-time data of the detector to realize the remote monitoring function. When the power of the detector is low, it will also send a low power alarm to the remote terminal through the cloud server to notify the user to replace the battery in time.

The remote terminal can be a mobile phone, a laptop or a tablet computer.

The invention adopts the ESP8266 module to realize data upload, and acts as a detector MCU to receive sensor signals, reducing the use of additional components and reducing power consumption, so that the cost is low and suitable for promotion, and users can remotely monitor and obtain the abnormal environment alarm sent by the cloud server in real time. , Through monitoring the three parameters of PM value, TVOC concentration and CO concentration, in the face of smoldering in the early stage of the fire to produce more CO, and some materials to burn with a small amount of smoke, the signal can be quickly detected, and the fire suppression can be improved. Possibility, the detector has a built-in large-capacity rechargeable battery to achieve long battery life and environmental protection.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A remote fire composite detector, characterized in that the fire composite detector comprises a housing (1), a battery module (10), a sensor module and a circuit board (9), and the sensor module comprises a CO sensor ( 5) The particle sensor (6) and the TVOC gas sensor (7), the housing (1) is divided into upper, middle and lower layers, the battery module (10) is arranged on the upper layer of the housing, and the middle layer of the housing is provided with an LED module (2) With the circuit board (9), the lower layer of the casing is provided with a CO sensor (5), a particulate matter sensor (6), a TVOC gas sensor (7) and a buzzer module (8). 2 . The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1 , wherein the battery module ( 10 ) comprises an 8.4V power supply composed of two lithium batteries and a power monitoring chip for detecting power. 3 . 3. The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of the lower layer of the casing is provided with a plurality of grid holes (4) at equal intervals for gas entry, and it is convenient for the sensor module to detect Gas is monitored. 4. The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board 9 is provided with an ESP8266 module (11) and a power conversion circuit, and the power conversion circuit comprises an AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip (19) and AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip (20), the positive electrode of the battery module is connected to the circuit board positive electrode (18), and the negative electrode of the battery module is connected to the circuit board ground (17), the AMS1117 voltage regulator 5V chip (19) The voltage of the positive electrode (18) of the circuit board is converted and output to 5V, and the AMS1117 voltage regulator 3.3V chip (20) converts the voltage of 5V to 3.3V to ensure the power supply of different components. 5. The remote fire composite detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ESP8266 module (11) is welded on the circuit board, the positive pole (16) of the ESP8266 module is connected to the converted 3.3V, and the ESP8266 module is connected to the converted 3.3V. The group ground (21) is connected to the circuit board ground (17), and the ESP8266 module includes an analog pin A0 (12), a GPIO pin D0 (13), a GPIO pin D6 (14), and a GPIO pin D7 ( 15), SDA pin D2 (22), SCL pin D1 (23), serial port RX (24) and serial port TX (25). 6 . The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1 , wherein the CO sensor ( 5 ) is welded on the circuit board ( 9 ) and is connected to the analog pin A0 ( 12 ); the particulate matter sensor (6) It is fixed to the circuit board through the pin header (3), powered by the converted 5V, and connected to the serial port RX (24); the TVOC gas sensor (7) is soldered on the circuit board and connected to the SDA pin D2(22) is connected to SCL pin D1(23). 7. The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1, wherein the buzzer module (8) is connected to the GPIO pin D7 (15) through a signal line, and when an alarm occurs, the pin is set as A high level drives the buzzer to sound. 8. The remote fire composite detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the LED module (2) comprises red and green LED lamp beads, the LED module and the GPIO pin D0 (13) and the GPIO pin D6 (14) is connected, and the LED module is used to display the power status of the battery module; When the power of the battery module is normal, the GPIO pin D0 is set to a high level and the green light is on; When the power of the battery module is low, the GPIO pin D6 is set to a high level and the red light is on. 9. A detection method for a remote fire composite detector according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the detection method comprises: Collect real-time environmental signals through the sensor module; Send the signal to the ESP8266 module, when the collected signal reaches the preset threshold of each sensor, the ESP8266 module controls the buzzer module to give an early warning, and transmits the signal to the cloud server; The cloud server sends the alarm-related information of the detector to the corresponding remote terminal for early warning; The user sends a data monitoring request to the cloud server by controlling the remote terminal. After receiving the request, the cloud server forwards the real-time data of the detector to realize remote monitoring. 10. The detection method according to claim 9, wherein the remote terminal is a mobile phone, a notebook or a tablet computer.

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