CN114461976A - Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method and device and electronic equipment Download PDF

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CN114461976A
CN114461976A CN202111598578.8A CN202111598578A CN114461976A CN 114461976 A CN114461976 A CN 114461976A CN 202111598578 A CN202111598578 A CN 202111598578A CN 114461976 A CN114461976 A CN 114461976A
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陈朋朋
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Sungrow Renewables Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string and electronic equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and sun angles at different moments, wherein the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments; determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence, and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time; and determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function. According to the technical scheme, the workload and labor cost for determining the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string are reduced.

Description

Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method and device and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method and a device for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string and electronic equipment.
Background
In a photovoltaic power station, the azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string has a crucial influence on the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power station. The azimuth angle refers to an included angle between a vertical surface of the photovoltaic string and a true south, a true north, a true east or a true west direction, and is influenced by terrain, construction reasons and the like, and the azimuth angles of different photovoltaic strings may be inconsistent. And the photovoltaic groups with different azimuth angles are connected in series and in parallel, so that the condition of parallel mismatch can occur, and the power generation of the whole inverter is influenced. Therefore, if the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic string can be detected in time and the operation and maintenance personnel are guided to determine the optimal scheme for accessing the photovoltaic string to the maximum power point tracking system when the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic string are inconsistent, the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power station can be effectively improved.
However, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string is usually measured manually at present, so that the workload is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem of how to improve the efficiency of determining the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string and reduce the workload of workers.
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a method and an apparatus for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, and an electronic device.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, including:
acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and sun angles at different moments, wherein the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments;
determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence, and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time;
and determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
Optionally, the determining a maximum data time corresponding to maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence includes:
acquiring the temperature of the photovoltaic string at different moments, and respectively correcting the power generation performance data at each moment according to the temperature to obtain the corrected power generation performance data at each moment;
and determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in all the corrected power generation performance data.
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle, a solar azimuth angle and a solar incident angle, and the acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the solar angle at different times includes:
acquiring declination angles and solar hour angles at different moments, and determining the solar altitude angle according to the solar hour angle and the declination angle;
determining the solar azimuth angle according to the solar altitude angle and the declination angle;
and determining the solar incident angle according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.
Optionally, the power generation performance data comprises at least one of actual irradiance data, string current and string power of the photovoltaic string.
Optionally, the acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the solar angle at different moments includes:
and acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string on a typical sunny day, wherein the typical sunny day is a sunny day on which the power generation performance data meet a preset rule.
Optionally, the preset rule includes that a correlation between the actual irradiation data and clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a first preset threshold, a correlation between a first difference of the actual irradiation data and a first difference of the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a second preset threshold, a correlation between the group of string currents and currents calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a third preset threshold, and a correlation between the group of string powers and powers calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than at least one of the third preset thresholds.
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle and a solar incident angle, when the power generation performance data includes the actual irradiation data, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located, and establishing the objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time includes:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a fourth formula comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000031
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000032
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t.
Optionally, the solar angle includes the solar altitude angle and a solar incident angle, when the power generation performance data includes the actual irradiation data, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located, and establishing the objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time includes:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a fifth formula comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000033
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000034
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t, and PR (G, t) representing the photovoltaic string-to-inverter system efficiency at each string azimuth angle at time t.
Optionally, the determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function includes:
and solving the objective function, and determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string when the objective function takes the maximum value at the maximum data moment.
Optionally, after determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function, the method further includes:
determining a routing distance between each photovoltaic group string connected to a corresponding inverter;
carrying out weighted summation on the wiring distance and the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string to determine a characteristic value of the photovoltaic string;
for any inverter, sequencing all the photovoltaic group strings connected to the inverter according to the characteristic values and a preset sequence;
and distributing each photovoltaic group string to a corresponding maximum power point tracking system according to the sorting result.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, including:
the photovoltaic power generation system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and solar angles at different moments, and the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments;
the processing module is used for determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time;
and the calculation module is used for determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to, when executing the computer program, implement the method for determining an azimuth angle of a string of photovoltaic groups according to any one of the first aspect.
The photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method, the photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining device and the electronic equipment have the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string to be processed, and comparing power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence with each other to determine maximum power generation performance data, wherein the time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data is the maximum data time. And acquiring the corresponding sun angle at each moment, establishing an objective function according to the sun angle and the power generation performance data at each moment, solving the objective function according to the maximum data moment, and determining that the corresponding photovoltaic string azimuth angle of the objective function when the maximum data moment takes the maximum value is the optimal photovoltaic string azimuth angle to be determined. According to the method, the power generation performance data sequence and the solar angle of each photovoltaic string are combined for processing, the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings are determined through the electronic equipment, and compared with the manual measurement of the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings one by one, the efficiency of determining the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings is greatly improved, the workload of workers is reduced, and the labor cost can be saved.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a target function curve at different azimuth angles of a photovoltaic string according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an azimuth angle determining apparatus for a photovoltaic string according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. While certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in a different order and/or performed in parallel. Moreover, method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit performing the illustrated steps. The scope of the invention is not limited in this respect.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein are open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is "based, at least in part, on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "alternative embodiments". Relevant definitions for other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the present invention are only used for distinguishing different devices, modules or units, and are not used for limiting the order or interdependence relationship of the functions performed by the devices, modules or units.
It is noted that references to "a", "an", and "the" modifications in the present invention are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and that those skilled in the art will recognize that reference to "one or more" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
The names of messages or information exchanged between devices in the embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the messages or information.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S110, acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the solar angles at different moments, wherein the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments.
Specifically, the power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at each time on a typical sunny day can be acquired, and the power generation performance data at each time are combined into a power generation performance data sequence. Optionally, the power generation performance data includes at least one of actual irradiation data, string current and string power of the photovoltaic string, and the power generation performance data may specifically include the actual irradiation data, or include the actual irradiation data, and the string current and/or the string power. The solar angles may include solar altitude, solar azimuth, and solar incident angle.
Step S120, determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence, and establishing an objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time.
Specifically, the time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data is determined as the maximum data time, and when the power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence are compared, the influence of the temperature of the photovoltaic string on the power generation performance data can be removed in advance, so that the data processing accuracy is improved.
Step S130, determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
Specifically, the objective function is solved according to the maximum data time, and a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string is determined.
In this embodiment, the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string to be processed is obtained, and the power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence may be compared with each other to determine the maximum power generation performance data, where the time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data is the maximum data time. And acquiring the corresponding sun angle at each moment, establishing an objective function according to the sun angle and the power generation performance data at each moment, solving the objective function according to the maximum data moment, and determining that the corresponding photovoltaic string azimuth angle of the objective function when the maximum data moment takes the maximum value is the optimal photovoltaic string azimuth angle to be determined. According to the method, the power generation performance data sequence and the solar angle of each photovoltaic string are combined for processing, the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings are determined through the electronic equipment, and compared with the manual measurement of the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings one by one, the efficiency of determining the azimuth angles of the photovoltaic strings is greatly improved, the workload of workers is reduced, and the labor cost can be saved.
It should be noted that the technical scheme of the present invention can be applied to the adjustment process of various photovoltaic supports, including but not limited to a fixed support, a rotating support and a Tracking support, and can also be applied to the calibration and correction of an azimuth sensor of a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) system, so as to improve the Tracking accuracy and the photovoltaic Power generation amount of the MPPT system.
Optionally, the acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the solar angle at different moments includes:
and acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string on a typical sunny day, wherein the typical sunny day is a sunny day on which the power generation performance data meet a preset rule.
In this optional embodiment, the power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at each time on a typical sunny day is obtained, and the power generation performance data at each time form a power generation performance data sequence. The photovoltaic string has good power generation performance in a typical sunny day, the power output curve of the photovoltaic string is smoother, and the calculation accuracy of the azimuth angle of the follow-up photovoltaic string is improved.
Optionally, the preset rule includes that a correlation between the actual irradiation data and clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a first preset threshold, a correlation between a first difference of the actual irradiation data and a first difference of the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a second preset threshold, a correlation between the group of string currents and currents calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a third preset threshold, and a correlation between the group of string powers and powers calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than at least one of the third preset thresholds.
Specifically, the clear sky model can predict the surface irradiance on a clear day, and an ASHRAE model can be adopted. And researching the correlation between the actual power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string and the power generation performance data obtained by the clear sky model, such as the Pearson correlation coefficient between the actual power generation performance data and the power generation performance data, comparing the correlation with a preset threshold value, and determining a typical clear day according to the comparison result. It should be noted that, since the power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string changes with the passage of time in a day, for example, the power generation performance data in the day is significantly stronger than the power generation performance data in the evening, the power generation performance data at several typical time points (for example, 10 am, 12 am, and the like) may be selected to calculate the correlation with the corresponding data determined by the clear sky model, or the average value of the power generation performance data between typical time periods (for example, 10 am to 2 pm) may be selected to calculate the correlation with the average value of the corresponding data determined by the clear sky model.
In this optional embodiment, the correlation between the actual power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string and the power generation performance data determined by the clear sky model is calculated, and the higher the correlation is, the closer the collection day corresponding to the actual power generation performance is to the typical clear day, so that the typical clear day can be quickly determined in multiple dates, and the efficiency is high.
Optionally, the determining a maximum data time corresponding to maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence includes:
and acquiring the temperature of the photovoltaic string at different moments, and correcting the power generation performance data at each moment according to the temperature to obtain the corrected power generation performance data at each moment.
Specifically, the ambient temperature, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the heat dissipation coefficient of the photovoltaic string are obtained, the temperature of the photovoltaic string is calculated according to the ambient temperature, the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the heat dissipation coefficient and the like by adopting a first formula, namely the temperature of a PN junction of a cell on the photovoltaic string, and the first formula comprises:
Figure BDA0003432348990000081
wherein, TcellThe temperature of a PN junction of a battery piece on the photovoltaic group string is represented, Tamb represents the ambient temperature, U represents the heat dissipation coefficient of the photovoltaic group string, a is equal to 1 minus the emissivity of the photovoltaic group string, Ginc represents the irradiance incident on the photovoltaic group string, and Effic represents the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic group string.
Taking the power generation performance data as the string power as an example, correcting the power generation performance data by adopting a second formula according to the temperature of the photovoltaic string, wherein the second formula comprises:
Figure BDA0003432348990000082
wherein P represents the corrected group power at time t, PatRepresenting the string power before correction at time t, which can be understood as power data at the inverter end or the combiner box end of the photovoltaic power station, JtDenotes the temperature loss rate at time T, TcellAnd the temperature of a PN junction of a cell on the photovoltaic string at the moment t is represented, and Alpha represents the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic string.
And determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in all the corrected power generation performance data.
Specifically, the time corresponding to the time when the power generation performance data is maximum is searched for from the corrected power generation performance data at all different times, and the time is the maximum data time.
In this optional embodiment, the power generation performance data before correction includes the influence of the temperature on the power generation performance, and by calculating the temperature of the photovoltaic string and correcting the power generation performance data according to the temperature, the influence of the temperature on the power generation performance can be filtered, which is beneficial to improving the calculation accuracy of the azimuth angle of the subsequent photovoltaic string.
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle, a solar azimuth angle and a solar incident angle, and the acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the solar angle at different times includes:
acquiring declination angles and solar hour angles at different moments, and determining the solar altitude angle by adopting a third formula according to the solar hour angles and the declination angles, wherein the third formula comprises:
Figure BDA0003432348990000091
wherein h represents the solar altitude angle,
Figure BDA0003432348990000092
and representing the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic string, epsilon representing the declination angle, and omega representing the solar hour angle.
Determining the solar azimuth angle according to the solar altitude angle and the declination angle by adopting a fourth formula, wherein the fourth formula comprises:
Figure BDA0003432348990000093
wherein A represents the solar azimuth;
determining the solar incident angle according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle using a fifth formula, the fifth formula comprising:
cosθ＝cos(A-API) Cos sin α + cos α sinh (formula five)
Wherein θ represents the solar incident angle, APIAnd a represents the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string, and a represents the inclination angle of the photovoltaic string, and can be measured by an inclination angle sensor arranged on a corresponding photovoltaic bracket.
Specifically, ∈ 23.45 ° · sin [360 ° (284+ n)/365], where n denotes the nth day of the year, starting from 1 month, and ω · (12-t), where t denotes the time of day, te [0, 24h ].
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle, a solar azimuth angle, and a solar incident angle, when the power generation performance data includes the actual irradiation data of the photovoltaic string, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located, and establishing the objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time includes:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a sixth formula comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000101
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000107
representing the direct radiation value of the horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located at the moment t，htRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the angle of incidence of the sun at time t,
Figure BDA0003432348990000102
representing the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic string, epsilon representing the declination angle, alpha representing the inclination angle of the photovoltaic string, AtRepresenting said solar azimuth angle at time t, APIAnd representing the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string at the moment t.
Alternatively, the objective function f (t) may be replaced by a function of the total irradiation of the inclined plane of the photovoltaic string and time.
Can also be expressed by the sixth formula
Figure BDA0003432348990000103
Fitting to a polynomial over time t, i.e.:
Figure BDA0003432348990000104
wherein a and b … c are polynomial coefficients.
In this optional embodiment, the functional relationship between the actual irradiation data and the time t can be described by fitting the multiple similarities, which is beneficial to derivation of the objective function, and further convenient for determining the maximum value of the objective function.
Optionally, the solar angle includes the solar altitude angle and the solar incident angle, when the power generation performance data includes actual irradiation data, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located, and establishing the objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time includes:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a seventh equation comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000105
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000106
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t, PR (G, t) representing the photovoltaic string-to-inverter system efficiency at each string azimuth angle at time t,
Figure BDA0003432348990000111
representing the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic string, epsilon representing the declination angle, alpha representing the inclination angle of the photovoltaic string, AtRepresenting said solar azimuth angle at time t, APIAnd representing the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string at the moment t.
Alternatively, the objective function f (t) may be replaced by a function of the total irradiation of the inclined plane of the photovoltaic string and time.
Can also be expressed by the seventh formula
Figure BDA0003432348990000112
Fitting to a polynomial over time t, i.e.:
Figure BDA0003432348990000113
wherein a and b … c are polynomial coefficients.
In this optional embodiment, the functional relationship between the string current and/or the string power and the time t may be described by fitting to multiple similarities, which is beneficial to derivation of the objective function, and further facilitates determination of the maximum value of the objective function.
Optionally, the determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function includes:
and solving the objective function according to the maximum data moment, and determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string when the objective function takes the maximum value at the maximum data moment.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, by plotting the target function curves at different photovoltaic string azimuth angles, it can be seen that the target value of the target function reaches the peak value at different times at different photovoltaic string azimuth angles, and therefore, the time when the power generation performance data is maximum is found from the time of the maximum value of the target function corresponding to each different photovoltaic string azimuth angle, and the photovoltaic string azimuth angle corresponding to the time is the best photovoltaic string azimuth angle to be determined.
Calculating the reciprocal of the target function f (t) to obtain f ' (t), substituting the maximum data time ta into f ' (t), and determining the group azimuth angle A of the corresponding photovoltaic group when f ' (ta) is 0PIThis azimuth is the optimum azimuth of the string of photovoltaic cells to be determined. The solving process can be expressed by an eighth formula, which includes:
Figure BDA0003432348990000114
wherein A istaRepresenting the solar azimuth angle at the maximum data time ta.
In the optional embodiment, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string is calculated based on the variation trend of the actual irradiation data, calculation is performed by using the irradiation dimension alone, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string can be calculated rapidly, and the calculation efficiency is improved. And calculating the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string based on the corrected change trend of the string current and/or the string power, and calculating from the dimension of the string current and/or the string power, so that the calculation accuracy is higher.
Optionally, after determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function, the method further includes:
determining a routing distance between each photovoltaic group string connected to a corresponding inverter;
carrying out weighted summation on the wiring distance and the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string to determine a characteristic value of the photovoltaic string;
for any inverter, sequencing all the photovoltaic group strings connected to the inverter according to the characteristic values and a preset sequence;
and distributing each photovoltaic group string to a corresponding maximum power point tracking system according to the sorting result.
Specifically, for any pv string, the routing distance of the pv string is weighted, assuming that the weight is K1, and the string azimuth angle of the pv string is weighted, assuming that the weight is K2, the eigenvalue of the pv string is K1 + K2. For any inverter, all the pv strings connected to the inverter may be arranged in the order from large to small or from small to large according to the characteristic values, and each two adjacent pv strings may be allocated to the same MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) system according to the sorting result, for example: and (4) placing the first photovoltaic group string and the second photovoltaic group string into the same path of MPPT system according to the sorting result, placing the third photovoltaic group string and the fourth photovoltaic group string into the same path of MPPT system, and so on.
In this optional embodiment, each photovoltaic string is distributed according to the routing distance and the string azimuth of the photovoltaic string, and the photovoltaic strings connected to the same inverter and having the routing distance close and the string azimuth close are distributed to the same MPPT system, so that the power generation amount of the whole photovoltaic power station can be improved.
Optionally, a current actual azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string is obtained, a difference value between the current actual azimuth angle and the optimal azimuth angle determined by an eighth formula is calculated, whether the difference value is within a preset range or not is judged, and if yes, no operation is performed; if not, outputting prompt information to remind operation and maintenance personnel to adjust the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string in time.
Or acquiring a current actual azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string acquired by the azimuth angle sensor, calculating a difference value between the current actual azimuth angle and the optimal azimuth angle determined by an eighth formula, and judging whether the difference value is within a preset range, if so, not performing any operation; if not, outputting prompt information to remind operation and maintenance personnel to check the azimuth angle sensor, or adjusting the photovoltaic group string according to the difference and/or the optimal azimuth angle.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string, including:
the photovoltaic power generation system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and solar angles at different moments, and the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments;
the processing module is used for determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time;
and the calculation module is used for determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
Optionally, the processing module is specifically configured to: acquiring the temperature of the photovoltaic string at different moments, and respectively correcting the power generation performance data at each moment according to the temperature to obtain the corrected power generation performance data at each moment; and determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in all the corrected power generation performance data.
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle, a solar azimuth angle, and a solar incident angle, and the acquiring module is specifically configured to: acquiring declination angles and solar hour angles at different moments, and determining the solar altitude angle according to the solar hour angle and the declination angle; determining the solar azimuth angle according to the solar altitude angle and the declination angle; and determining the solar incident angle according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.
Optionally, the power generation performance data comprises at least one of actual irradiance data, string current and string power of the photovoltaic string.
Optionally, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: and acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string on a typical sunny day, wherein the typical sunny day is a sunny day on which the power generation performance data meet a preset rule.
Optionally, the preset rule includes that a correlation between the actual irradiation data and clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a first preset threshold, a correlation between a first difference of the actual irradiation data and a first difference of the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a second preset threshold, a correlation between the group of string currents and currents calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than a third preset threshold, and a correlation between the group of string powers and powers calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data is higher than at least one of the third preset thresholds.
Optionally, the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle and a solar incident angle, when the power generation performance data includes the actual irradiation data, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane where the photovoltaic string is located, and the processing module is further specifically configured to:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a fourth formula comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000141
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000142
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting the solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t.
Optionally, the solar angle includes the solar altitude angle and the solar incident angle, and when the power generation performance data is the string current and/or the string power, the processing module is further specifically configured to:
establishing the objective function as a function of the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the current and/or the power, the objective function being represented by a fifth formula comprising:
Figure BDA0003432348990000143
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure BDA0003432348990000144
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane of the photovoltaic string at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t, PR (G, t) representing the photovoltaic string-to-inverter system efficiency at each of the string azimuth angles at time t, the string power being associated with the string current.
Optionally, the calculation module is specifically configured to: and solving the objective function, and determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string when the objective function takes the maximum value at the maximum data moment.
Optionally, the system further comprises an allocation module, wherein the allocation module is configured to: determining a routing distance between each photovoltaic group string connected to a corresponding inverter; carrying out weighted summation on the wiring distance and the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string to determine a characteristic value of the photovoltaic string; for any inverter, sequencing all the photovoltaic group strings connected to the inverter according to the characteristic values and a preset sequence; and distributing each photovoltaic group string to a corresponding maximum power point tracking system according to the sorting result.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor; the memory for storing a computer program; the processor is configured to implement the photovoltaic string azimuth determination method as described above when executing the computer program.
A further embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the photovoltaic string azimuth determination method as described above.
An electronic device that can be a server or a client of the present invention, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to aspects of the present invention, will now be described. Electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.
The electronic device includes a computing unit that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) or a computer program loaded from a storage unit into a Random Access Memory (RAM). In the RAM, various programs and data required for the operation of the device can also be stored. The computing unit, the ROM, and the RAM are connected to each other by a bus. An input/output (I/O) interface is also connected to the bus.
The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like. In this application, the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention. In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to the above embodiments, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

1. A photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and sun angles at different moments, wherein the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments;
determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence, and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time;
and determining a string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
2. The method for determining the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to claim 1, wherein the determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence comprises:
acquiring the temperature of the photovoltaic string at different moments, and respectively correcting the power generation performance data at each moment according to the temperature to obtain the corrected power generation performance data at each moment;
and determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in all the corrected power generation performance data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar angle comprises a solar altitude angle, a solar azimuth angle and a solar incident angle, and the obtaining the sequence of power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string and the solar angle at different times comprises:
acquiring declination angles and solar hour angles at different moments, and determining the solar altitude angle according to the solar hour angle and the declination angles;
determining the solar azimuth angle according to the solar altitude angle and the declination angle;
and determining the solar incident angle according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.
4. The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power generation performance data comprises at least one of actual irradiance data, string current, and string power of the photovoltaic string.
5. The method for determining the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to claim 4, wherein the acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string and the sun angle at different moments comprises:
and acquiring the power generation performance data sequence of the photovoltaic string on a typical sunny day, wherein the typical sunny day is a sunny day on which the power generation performance data meet a preset rule.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the preset rule includes at least one of a correlation between the actual irradiation data and a clear sky model irradiation data higher than a first preset threshold, a correlation between a first difference of the actual irradiation data and a first difference of the clear sky model irradiation data higher than a second preset threshold, a correlation between the group string current and a current calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data higher than a third preset threshold, and a correlation between the group string power and a power calculated based on the clear sky model irradiation data higher than the third preset threshold.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the solar angle includes a solar altitude angle and a solar incident angle, the actual irradiation data includes a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is located when the power generation performance data includes the actual irradiation data, and the establishing an objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time includes:
establishing the objective function from the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a fourth formula comprising:
Figure FDA0003432348980000021
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure FDA0003432348980000022
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the solar angle comprises the solar altitude angle and a solar incident angle, the actual irradiation data comprises a direct irradiation value of a horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is located when the power generation performance data comprises the actual irradiation data, and the establishing the objective function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time comprises:
establishing the objective function as a function of the solar altitude angle, the solar incident angle, and the actual irradiance data, the objective function being represented by a fifth formula comprising:
Figure FDA0003432348980000023
wherein f (t) represents the objective function,
Figure FDA0003432348980000024
representing the direct radiation value h of the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic string is positioned at the moment ttRepresenting said solar altitude, theta, at time ttRepresenting the solar incident angle at time t, and PR (G, t) representing the photovoltaic string-to-inverter system efficiency at each string azimuth angle at time t.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function comprises:
and solving the objective function, and determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string when the objective function takes the maximum value at the maximum data moment.
10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after determining the string azimuth of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function, the method further comprises:
determining a routing distance between each photovoltaic group string connected to a corresponding inverter;
carrying out weighted summation on the wiring distance and the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string to determine a characteristic value of the photovoltaic string;
for any inverter, sequencing all the photovoltaic group strings connected to the inverter according to the characteristic values and a preset sequence;
and distributing each photovoltaic group string to a corresponding maximum power point tracking system according to the sorting result.
11. A photovoltaic string azimuth determination device, comprising:
the photovoltaic power generation system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a power generation performance data sequence of a photovoltaic string and solar angles at different moments, and the power generation performance data sequence comprises power generation performance data of the photovoltaic string at different moments;
the processing module is used for determining the maximum data time corresponding to the maximum power generation performance data in the power generation performance data sequence and establishing a target function according to the solar angle and the power generation performance data at each time;
and the calculation module is used for determining the string azimuth angle of the photovoltaic string according to the maximum data time and the objective function.
12. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing a computer program;
the processor, when executing the computer program, is configured to implement the method for determining an azimuth angle of a photovoltaic string according to any of claims 1 to 10.
CN202111598578.8A 2021-12-24 2021-12-24 Photovoltaic string azimuth angle determining method and device and electronic equipment Pending CN114461976A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115034078A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-09 合肥工业大学 Modeling method for photovoltaic string fusion model of mountain power station
CN116594432A (en) * 2023-07-17 2023-08-15 南京师范大学 Sensorless control method and sensorless control equipment for photovoltaic power generation light tracking system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115034078A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-09 合肥工业大学 Modeling method for photovoltaic string fusion model of mountain power station
CN115034078B (en) * 2022-06-21 2023-03-10 合肥工业大学 Modeling method for photovoltaic string fusion model of mountain power station
CN116594432A (en) * 2023-07-17 2023-08-15 南京师范大学 Sensorless control method and sensorless control equipment for photovoltaic power generation light tracking system
CN116594432B (en) * 2023-07-17 2023-10-27 南京师范大学 Sensorless control method and sensorless control equipment for photovoltaic power generation light tracking system

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