CN114461514A

CN114461514A - Automatic testing method and system based on low codes

Info

Publication number: CN114461514A
Application number: CN202111220377.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程德心; 周风明; 付玥; 周明
Original assignee: Wuhan Kotei Informatics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Kotei Informatics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-20
Filing date: 2021-10-20
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

The invention provides a low-code-based automatic testing method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: abstracting test behaviors and creating a new test case; newly building test behaviors of the test case, and configuring various parameters of each test behavior; verifying whether the test case is configured correctly, serializing the test case and storing; the test case is executed and a result report is provided. According to the invention, the running environment, the user, the browser behavior and the participated objects are abstracted according to respective attributes, the compiling, the storing and the executing of the test case can be operated only by common service testers trained by simple services without professional automatic testers, and compared with the prior art, the compiling efficiency of the test case is greatly improved, and the enterprise research and development cost is remarkably reduced.

Description

Automatic testing method and system based on low codes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of software testing, in particular to an automatic testing method and system based on low codes.

Background

At present, in the field of software testing, a traditional automatic testing method is that a test case compiling person adopts an automatic testing tool to compile codes and call various apis according to a service scene so as to achieve the aim of simulating user behaviors to achieve a set target.

However, in the conventional automated testing process, compiling of the automated test case, storing and distributing of the test case itself, and final test execution have high professional quality requirements on testers and low efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a low-code-based automatic testing method and system, which are used for solving the problems that the traditional automatic testing method has high requirements on professional technical abilities of testers and is low in efficiency.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automated testing method based on low codes, including:

101, abstracting test behaviors, and creating a new test case;

102, creating test behaviors of a test case, and configuring each parameter of each test behavior;

103, verifying whether the test case is configured correctly, serializing the test case and storing;

and 104, executing the test case and providing a result report.

Optionally, step 104 specifically includes:

201, loading the stored test case, and deserializing into a test case model;

202, instantiating the test behavior in the test case model into an object, and executing the test case;

203, collecting the test result and the log information;

and 204, generating a test report according to the test result and the log information.

Optionally, in step 101, the abstract test behavior includes:

and abstracting an independent test behavior from each step of the test case, and collecting essential elements processed by the test behavior for selection or input of test case writers.

Optionally, in step 102, a test behavior of the new test case is created, where the test behavior includes, but is not limited to: a. using a browser; b. opening a webpage of a specified address; c. double clicking on a page element; d. setting a value of the specified element; e. waiting for a specified time; f. acquiring a browse webpage title; g. clicking a page element; h. assigning the value of the page element to a variable; i. the value of the variable is determined.

Optionally, in step 202, instantiating the test behavior in the test case model into an object includes:

according to the specific language and the framework, the test behaviors are instantiated into corresponding objects, and the parameters of the objects are assigned and stored in the context of the test cases to be executed.

Optionally, in step 202, the executing the test case includes:

according to the current test behavior of the current execution test case, finding out a value corresponding to the parameter of the test behavior in the context, and executing the test behavior;

if the test behavior is successfully executed, executing the next test behavior; and if the execution fails, executing the failure processing flow of the test case.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an automated testing system based on low code, including:

the test case creating unit is used for abstracting test behaviors and creating a test case;

the test behavior creating unit is used for creating the test behaviors of the test case and configuring various parameters of each test behavior;

the test case storage unit is used for verifying whether the test case is configured correctly, serializing the test case and storing the test case;

and the test case execution unit is used for executing the test case and providing a result report.

Optionally, the system further comprises:

the test case display unit is used for displaying the information list of the test case;

the test case modification unit is used for editing and modifying the test cases;

the execution engine unit is used for providing an execution engine and supporting resources of the test case;

the test planning unit is used for displaying the execution condition of the test case;

and the test report generating unit is used for generating a test report according to the test result and the log information.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus; the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the low-code-based automatic test method provided by the embodiment of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is implemented by a processor to execute the low-code-based automated testing method provided in the first aspect.

According to the low-code-based automatic testing method and system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the running environment, the user and the browser behaviors and the participated objects are abstracted according to respective attributes. The compiling, the storing and the executing of the test cases can be operated only by common service testers trained by simple services without professional automatic testers, and compared with the prior art, the efficiency of compiling the test cases is greatly improved, and the research and development cost of enterprises is remarkably reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low-code-based automated testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a newly created test case provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating editing of test behavior according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating test case execution according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test case modification interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an execution situation of a test case according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a review test report provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

At present, in the traditional automated testing process, compiling of the automated testing case, storing and distributing of the testing case itself, and final testing execution have high requirements on professional quality of testing personnel and low efficiency.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatic test method based on low codes, the compiling, the storage and the execution of the test case can be operated only by common service testers with simple service training, professional automatic testers are not needed, and compared with the prior art, the compiling efficiency of the test case is greatly improved, and the enterprise research and development cost is obviously reduced. The following description and description of various embodiments are presented in conjunction with the following drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automated testing method based on low code according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the automated testing method based on low code according to the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

step 101, abstracting test behaviors and creating a new test case;

the nature of low code is a very abstract and templated process of application scenarios. A test behavior is an atomic operation specific to a certain business scenario. Abstract test behavior, i.e. abstracting a separate test behavior for each step of a test case, and around this test behavior, there is a need to collect context elements of behavior processing, which are defined as parameters for the test case writer to select or enter. The test system abstracts the running environment, the user, the browser behavior, and the participating objects (objects at the time of test) with respect to their respective attributes. All these abstracted objects are the objects of the test system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a newly created test case provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, after the test system is started, a test case writer creates a new test case according to a flow.

Step 102, creating test behaviors of the test case, and configuring each parameter of each test behavior.

The test behavior is an atomic operation in a test scenario, and the meta-model of the test behavior is a key element for defining the behavior (atomic operation). Typically, the testing behavior needs to define id, name, alias, and depending on the specific testing behavior, 0, 1, or even a plurality of parameters may need to be configured, and the parameters themselves need to frame types or even candidate data, and these information to be selected or entered are all components of the meta model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of editing a test behavior according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, after a test case is newly built, a test behavior of the test case is newly added. Wherein, the test behavior is the atomic operation part of the test case. Selecting a behavior and configuring elements of the behavior. And during configuration, determining the specific parameters of the test behavior and what the parameter types are according to the selected meta-model of the specific behavior, and setting the values corresponding to the parameters.

Referring to fig. 3, test activities that can be added include, but are not limited to: a. using a browser; b. opening a webpage of a specified address; c. double clicking on a page element; d. setting a value of the specified element; e. waiting for a specified time; f. acquiring a browse webpage title; g. clicking a page element; h. assigning a value of a page element to a variable; i. the value of the variable is determined.

and after all the test behaviors are written, verifying whether the test cases are configured correctly, and then serializing and storing the manual test cases.

As the stored test cases, the test cases can meet various mainstream file formats and encoding modes to achieve the characteristics of cross-system, cross-platform, cross-language and the like. For example, the file format may be a binary file, a general file based on a segmentation symbol, a json file, an xml file, or the like. The encoding mode can cover the mainstream GBK, UTF8 and the like, including but not limited to the form storage through BOM header, and the more capability is expanded through the plug-in. After the test cases are stored, lossless distribution, import and export of the cases can be performed. And other test servers with the test system can be normally called and executed, and return test results.

Step 104, executing the test case and providing a result report.

The invention makes the tested environment, behavior or action and the participator abstract and template, and provides the capability of saving and analyzing the abstracted object, the capability of saving and editing the template and the abstraction of the test case compiling process.

The low-code-based automatic testing method provided by the invention is used as a test case compiling worker, does not need to really master a high-depth frame and complex api compiling capability, only needs to newly build a test case in a testing system, then selects an abstract step provided by the testing system, and selects or edits input and output parameters, so that the editing step of each testing behavior in the test case can be completed, the compiling of the test case in the whole scene is completed, and the test case is stored. The test system can identify the test case, execute the test case according to the active trigger or scheduling task and output a test report.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, in a possible embodiment mode, fig. 4 is a flowchart for executing a test case provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, in step 104, executing the test case and providing a result report specifically includes:

step 201, loading the stored test case, and deserializing into a test case model.

Specifically, the storage of the test case belongs to the object serialization category, and in order to ensure that the test system performs the normal execution of the automatic test case, the test system also needs to have the capability of deserializing the test case, and deserializing the stored test case into various objects that can be recognized by the system. Taking the test web system as an example, the user opens a browser, enters a url to access the website, enters text on the website, clicks on buttons, various single and double clicks, and scrolling, drag and drop behavior, etc.

Step 202, instantiating the test behavior in the test case model into an object, and executing the test case;

as an alternative implementation, in this embodiment, the test behavior is instantiated into a corresponding object according to a specific language and framework, and the parameter assignment of the object is stored in the context of the test case to be executed.

Further, the step of executing the test case comprises: and the test system finds the value corresponding to the parameter of the test behavior in the context according to the current test behavior of the currently executed test case, and executes the test behavior. If the test behavior is successfully executed, executing the next test behavior; if the execution fails, executing a failure processing flow of the test case; the test system determines whether to execute the next action normally or have a jump requirement according to the execution condition of the test action, and if the execution fails, the test case is executed according to the failure processing flow.

Step 203, collecting the test result and the log information.

And collecting and processing the log output by the test case execution, and providing test result query and log information query functions on a web interface.

And step 204, generating a test report according to the test result and the log information.

According to the low-code-based automatic testing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the running environment, the user and the browser behaviors and the participated objects are abstracted according to respective attributes. The compiling, the storing and the executing of the test cases can be operated only by common service testers trained by simple services without professional automatic testers.

In an embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a low-code-based automated testing system, where the low-code-based automated testing system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is configured to execute the low-code-based automated testing method in the foregoing embodiments. The system comprises:

The low-code-based automatic test system provided by the invention provides serialization and deserialization capabilities for test cases, including identification, verification and judgment. The combination of a series of sequential behaviors written to satisfy a specific test scenario is called a test case. Conventional test cases are specialized, sequence-generated combinations of a series of steps of a particular programming framework based on a particular programming language. The test system is characterized in that a test case writer selects and inputs a new test step (the step is a concrete behavior) on the web platform of the system based on the abstract candidate behaviors and the parameters limited by the behavior meta-model, and inputs the behaviors in sequence to finally complete the whole test case.

The test cases of the system are saved only by saving abstract behaviors, but not specific languages and frameworks, such as:

# test webcondole console 2

# browser 11

Use of chrome

# browse

Browse http:// localhost:8090

Wait 1000

# action

Set name as username admin

Setting name ═ password lsh.0904

Screenshot

Wait 1000

Click id ═ login

Wait 1000

Click id test

Prompt cancellation

Click id test

Prompt confirmation

Click id test

Hint lsh _ v00

Prompt confirmation

Setting [ lsh _ v01]

Equal to lsh _ v00 lsh _ v01

Get browser title lsh _ v1

Set [ lshv2] Docker-based smoking environment.

Equal to lsh _ v1 lshv2

# ending

Click xpath ═// [ @ id ═ nav "]/nav/form/button

Therefore, the above text mode can be used for serialization, and the line behavior and the corresponding parameters are separated by spaces or special characters at intermediate intervals. The capability of serializing the test cases by json or xml is provided for the expandability and compatibility of the system.

Based on the cognition, most high-level languages have no barrier to reading and writing or serialization and deserialization.

The test cases can be effectively stored and distributed, version information of the test cases can be well set at the head of a storage file in consideration of system version upgrading, and compatibility verification and processing after deserialization are facilitated.

Specifically, how to perform an automatic test by using an automatic test system based on low codes may refer to the foregoing method embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described herein again.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiment, in a possible embodiment, the automated testing system based on low code provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

and the test case display unit is used for displaying the information list of the test case.

The test system provides list viewing of test cases and detailed display of specific cases. Wherein, the test cases are viewed in the list: and storing the test cases together according to a certain rule, and displaying the test cases according to a corresponding rule list during checking. And (3) displaying the details of the test case: when a specific test case is checked, the test case needs to be displayed on a web interface of the test system.

And the test case modification unit is used for editing and modifying the test cases.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test case modification interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, a test system provides a test case repeated editing and modifying capability. The test case can be analyzed into sequential behaviors by the deserialization means. And then displaying the effect which is convenient for test case writers to check and modify according to the cloud model of the behaviors.

And the execution engine unit is used for providing an execution engine and supporting resources of the test case.

Wherein, the execution engine can call the selenium or other drivers of various platforms through java or python and other high-level languages to execute corresponding behaviors. And when all the behaviors are executed in sequence, the single test case is executed.

And the test plan unit is used for displaying the execution condition of the test case.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an execution situation of a test case for checking provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the test system provides a web-side query display of the test case execution condition, which can display the test result of the whole test case and the execution result of each test behavior in the test case, and can provide a screenshot of the execution condition at that time when the test case is executed abnormally.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a viewing test report according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the test system provides a report result in which the test results are graphed. The test report generation unit can generate a test report containing a complete log as shown in fig. 7 by combining a chart tool according to the test result and the log information.

In an embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, and as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)801, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)802, a memory (memory)803 and a communication bus 804, wherein the processor 801, the communication Interface 802 and the memory 803 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 804. The processor 801 may call logic instructions in the memory 803 to perform the steps of the low-code based automated test method provided by the above embodiments, including, for example: 101, abstracting test behaviors, and creating a new test case; 102, creating test behaviors of a test case, and configuring each parameter of each test behavior; 103, verifying whether the test case is configured correctly, serializing the test case and storing; and 104, executing the test case and providing a result report.

In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program being implemented by a processor to perform the steps of the low-code based automated testing method provided by the embodiments, for example, the steps including: 101, abstracting test behaviors, and creating a new test case; 102, creating test behaviors of a test case, and configuring each parameter of each test behavior; 103, verifying whether the test case is configured correctly, serializing the test case and storing; and 104, executing the test case and providing a result report.

In summary, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a system for automated testing based on low code, which abstract the running environment, the user, the browser behavior, and the participating objects with respect to their respective attributes. The compiling, the storing and the executing of the test cases can be operated only by common service testers trained by simple services without professional automatic testers.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has a respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the related description of other embodiments.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automated testing method based on low codes, comprising:

101, abstracting a test behavior, and creating a new test case;

and 104, executing the test case and providing a result report.

2. The automated low-code-based testing method according to claim 1, wherein step 104 specifically comprises:

201, loading the stored test case, and deserializing into a test case model;

203, collecting the test result and the log information;

3. The automated low-code-based testing method according to claim 1, wherein in step 101, the abstract testing behavior comprises:

and abstracting an independent test behavior from each step of the test case, and collecting elements processed by the test behavior for selection or input of test case writers.

4. The automated low-code-based testing method according to claim 1, wherein in step 102, a testing behavior of a new test case is created, and the testing behavior includes but is not limited to:

a. using a browser;

b. opening a webpage of a specified address;

c. double clicking on a page element;

d. setting a value of the specified element;

e. waiting for a specified time;

f. acquiring a browse webpage title;

g. clicking a page element;

h. assigning a value of a page element to a variable;

i. the value of the variable is determined.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step 202 of instantiating the test behavior in the test case model into the object comprises:

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the executing the test case in step 202 comprises:

7. A low-code based automated test system, comprising:

8. The low-code based automated test system of claim 7, further comprising:

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps of the low code based automated testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented when the program is executed by the processor.

10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the low-code based automated testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.