CN114459809A - Sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials - Google Patents
Sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN114459809A CN114459809A CN202111596764.8A CN202111596764A CN114459809A CN 114459809 A CN114459809 A CN 114459809A CN 202111596764 A CN202111596764 A CN 202111596764A CN 114459809 A CN114459809 A CN 114459809A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials comprises the following steps: s1, determining the sampling amount and the specific sampling method according to the granularity of the original auxiliary material; s2, preparing a large sample; selecting a bag-reversing sampling method or an intubation sampling method to obtain a large sample, and S3, preparing a coarse sample; screening all large sample samples by using a grid screen of 15mm, enabling all the screened large sample samples to be subjected to 3 times of cone stacking and mixing to be completely uniform, sampling the large sample samples to obtain a quality coarse sample pile and a moisture coarse sample pile, and respectively performing sampling treatment on the quality coarse sample pile and the moisture coarse sample pile again to obtain a moisture coarse sample and a quality coarse sample; s4, preparing a quality sample; enabling the coarse samples of the previous step to pass through a standard sieve of 20 meshes, and reducing half of the coarse samples by a quartering method; and grinding all the rest materials, sieving all the materials by a standard 100-mesh sieve, uniformly mixing the materials by a stacking cone for 3 times, spreading the materials on a clean site, and performing point taking by a 24-mesh method, S5 and sealing and storing a sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, in particular to a sampling method for detecting raw and auxiliary materials.
Background
With the development of human society and the increase of global population, the demand for various resources is continuously increased, the problem of resource shortage is more and more serious, and various countries in the world advocate energy conservation and emission reduction and reasonably utilize renewable resources and energy sources. The recycling of resources relieves the problem of resource shortage to a certain extent, and on the other hand, can solve the problem of partial environmental pollution, and is a big thing benefiting the nation and the people. Because the types of resources are rich and diverse, the recovery difficulty of different types of resources is different, and some resources to be recovered and utilized can be realized only by special equipment and instruments, the types of resources are generally processed by special recovery enterprises. The enterprises can take the recovered waste resources as raw materials to extract valuable substances from the waste resources, for example, the waste hard alloy can be treated by the enterprises to recover valuable metals in the waste hard alloy, or auxiliary materials are added into the waste resources to produce other products with economic value. Since the waste resources are different in source, generation period, or storage condition, the composition and content of the waste resources in each batch are different, and therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the relevant treatment process and flow, the recycling enterprises need to check the waste resources (i.e., raw materials) before receiving and using the waste resources. And different treatments are carried out according to the inspection result. The reliability of the detection method greatly depends on the scientificity, authenticity and representativeness of the sample adopted during detection, so that the problem that how to ensure uniform and reasonable sampling of the waste resources (raw and auxiliary materials) to be treated is required to be solved during recovery treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials, which is particularly suitable for sampling solid particle raw and auxiliary materials.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: a sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the sampling amount and the specific sampling method according to the granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials;
s2, preparing a large sample; according to the detection result in the step S1, selecting a bag-inverting sampling method or an intubation sampling method, carrying out sampling operation on all the raw and auxiliary materials to obtain a large sample, sealing the large sample in time and recording the seal number;
s3, preparing a crude sample; screening all the large sample samples by using a 15mm square screen, crushing materials which cannot be screened until the particle size is smaller than 15mm, and re-screening until all the large sample samples pass through the 15mm square screen; fully and uniformly mixing all the sieved large sample through 3 times of stacking cones, sampling the large sample to obtain a quality coarse sample stack and a moisture coarse sample stack, and respectively sampling the quality coarse sample stack and the moisture coarse sample stack again to obtain a moisture coarse sample and a quality coarse sample;
s4, preparing a quality sample; drying the coarse sample of the previous step at 105 ℃, taking a small amount of sample from the dried coarse sample to clean a grinding disc, a square disc, a screen, a sample dividing shovel and a sample dividing plate, then enabling all the residual materials in the coarse sample pile of the quality to pass through a standard sieve of 20 meshes, uniformly mixing the materials by a pile cone for 3 times, and then reducing half of the materials by a quartering method; grinding the rest materials, sieving with 100 mesh standard sieve, uniformly mixing by 3 times of stacking cone, spreading on a clean field, and dot-taking by 24-mesh method, wherein the weight of each sample is 200 g;
s5, sealing and storing the sample; filling each sample obtained in the previous step into a plastic bag, and then filling the plastic bag with an aluminum foil bag for sealing; the information of the samples is written on each plastic bag and each aluminum foil bag.
Further, in step S1, the sample size is determined by taking the average sample size of the raw and auxiliary materials not less than 5% o when the maximum particle size of the raw and auxiliary materials is less than 20 mm; when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is between 20 and 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 10 per thousand, and when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is more than 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 15 per thousand.
Further, the specific sampling method is determined by adopting an intubation sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is less than 5mm, adopting a bag-reversing sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is more than 5mm, and adopting a 24-point grid method when the bag-reversing sampling is carried out.
Further, the operation flow of the bag-inverting sampling method is as follows: and pouring the bagged raw and auxiliary materials onto the ground cleaned completely, uniformly flattening, wherein the thickness of the material layer is not more than 200mm, and each bag of raw and auxiliary materials is provided with at least 24 sampling points.
Further, adopt the square shovel that the mouth width is 175mm to take a sample, and the former auxiliary material in same bag can only be taken a sample by same people to and guarantee that the sample volume of every shovel is the same basically, every shovel sample all inserts the bottom perpendicularly, and the material that takes out is after 2 times pile awl mixing, divides to required sample volume with the quartering method.
Further, the operation flow of the intubation sampling method is as follows: sampling points are distributed on two adjacent side surfaces of the package, an upper point, a middle point and a lower point are respectively taken, six points are distributed uniformly, each sampling point is sampled by using an insertion tube, the material quantity taken out by each sampling point is the same, and the sampling quantity is reduced to the required sampling quantity by a quartering method; the diameter of the intubation tube is 2.5 times larger than the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials.
Further, in step S3, the moisture rough sample pile is processed again by the bag-inverting sampling method, specifically, the moisture rough sample pile is paved on the ground, the thickness is less than 100mm, the sampling points are 24 points, the sampling shovel adopts a standard sampling shovel with a mouth width of 60mm, each shovel reaches the bottom and the sampling amount of each shovel is the same, and the total amount of the taken samples is 2000-3000 g, so as to obtain the moisture rough sample.
Further, in step S3, the material of the quality coarse sample pile is all passed through a 5mm screen, the product on the screen is all crushed to be less than 5mm, and then is uniformly mixed by a three-time pile cone, and after being divided by a quartering method, the mixture is tiled to 24 squares for sampling, and the total amount of the sample taken out is 3000g, thus obtaining the quality coarse sample.
Further, in step S3, the moisture content in the moisture crude sample is measured; weighing A, B two materials from the crude water sample, respectively placing the materials in a weighed drying square plate, weighing and recording numerical values, then placing A, B two materials in a constant-temperature drying box at 105 ℃, continuously drying for 24 hours, then weighing again, recording numerical values and respectively calculating the weight loss condition, and if the weight error of A, B materials is not more than 0.3%, taking the arithmetic mean value as the final water content result.
Further, in step S5, the information of the sample includes the ore species, time, place, lot number.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the sampling method for the inspection of the raw and auxiliary materials is particularly suitable for sampling fixed granular raw and auxiliary materials, can determine the sampling amount and flexibly select a specific sampling method according to the granularity condition of the materials in advance, and ensures the uniformity and the representativeness of the sampled samples.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, and methods or processes not specifically described in the examples are all prior art.
Examples
The embodiment is a sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the sampling amount and the specific sampling method according to the granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials;
the sample size is determined by that when the maximum particle size of the raw and auxiliary materials is less than 20mm, the average sample size of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 5 per thousand; when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is between 20 and 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 10 per thousand, and when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is more than 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 15 per thousand.
The specific sampling method is determined by adopting an intubation sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is less than 5mm, adopting a bag-reversing sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is more than 5mm, and adopting a 24-point grid method when the bag-reversing sampling is carried out.
S2, preparing a large sample; according to the detection result in the step S1, selecting a bag-inverting sampling method or an intubation sampling method, carrying out sampling operation on all the raw and auxiliary materials to obtain a large sample, sealing the large sample in time and recording the seal number;
s3, preparing a crude sample; screening all the large sample samples by using a 15mm square screen, crushing materials which cannot be screened until the particle size is smaller than 15mm, and re-screening until all the large sample samples pass through the 15mm square screen; fully and uniformly mixing all the sieved large sample through 3 times of stacking cones, sampling the large sample to obtain a quality coarse sample stack and a moisture coarse sample stack, and respectively sampling the quality coarse sample stack and the moisture coarse sample stack again to obtain a moisture coarse sample and a quality coarse sample;
in the step, the moisture rough sample pile is processed by a bag-reversing sampling method again, specifically, the moisture rough sample pile is paved on the ground, the thickness is less than 100mm, the sampling points are 24 points, the sampling shovel adopts a standard sampling shovel with the opening width of 60mm, each shovel is used for the end, the sampling amount of each shovel is the same, and the total amount of the taken samples is 2000-3000 g, so that the moisture rough sample is obtained.
In the step, materials of the quality coarse sample pile all pass through a 5mm screen, products on the screen are all crushed to be smaller than 5mm, the materials are evenly mixed through a three-time pile cone, the materials are flatly paved to 24 grids for sampling after being divided by a quartering method, and the total amount of the taken samples is 3000g, so that the quality coarse sample is obtained.
S4, preparing a quality sample; drying the quality coarse sample in the previous step at 105 ℃, taking a small amount of sample from the dried quality coarse sample to clean a grinding disc, a square disc, a screen, a sample dividing shovel and a sample dividing plate, then enabling all the residual materials in the quality coarse sample pile to pass through a 20-mesh standard sieve, uniformly mixing the materials by a pile cone for 3 times, and then reducing half of the materials by a quartering method; grinding the rest materials, sieving with 100 mesh standard sieve, uniformly mixing by 3 times of stacking cone, spreading on a clean field, and dot-taking by 24-mesh method, wherein the weight of each sample is 200 g;
s5, sealing and storing the sample; filling each sample obtained in the previous step into a plastic bag, and then filling the plastic bag with an aluminum foil bag for sealing; the information of the samples is written on each plastic bag and each aluminum foil bag, and the information of the samples comprises ore species, time, place, batch number and the like.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various combinations and modifications of the above technical features may be provided for those skilled in the art, and modifications, variations, equivalents, or uses of the structure or method of the present invention in other fields without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, determining the sampling amount and the specific sampling method according to the granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials;
s2, preparing a large sample; according to the detection result in the step S1, selecting a bag-inverting sampling method or an intubation sampling method, carrying out sampling operation on all the raw and auxiliary materials to obtain a large sample, sealing the large sample in time and recording the seal number;
s3, preparing a crude sample; screening all the large sample samples by using a 15mm square screen, crushing materials which cannot be screened until the particle size is smaller than 15mm, and re-screening until all the large sample samples pass through the 15mm square screen; fully and uniformly mixing all the sieved large sample through 3 times of stacking cones, sampling the large sample to obtain a quality coarse sample stack and a moisture coarse sample stack, and respectively sampling the quality coarse sample stack and the moisture coarse sample stack again to obtain a moisture coarse sample and a quality coarse sample;
s4, preparing a quality sample; drying the coarse sample of the previous step at 105 ℃, taking a small amount of sample from the dried coarse sample to clean a grinding disc, a square disc, a screen, a sample dividing shovel and a sample dividing plate, then enabling all the residual materials in the coarse sample pile of the quality to pass through a standard sieve of 20 meshes, uniformly mixing the materials by a pile cone for 3 times, and then reducing half of the materials by a quartering method; grinding the rest materials, sieving with 100 mesh standard sieve, uniformly mixing by 3 times of stacking cone, spreading on a clean field, and dot-taking by 24-mesh method, wherein the weight of each sample is 200 g;
s5, sealing and storing the sample; filling each sample obtained in the previous step into a plastic bag, and then filling the plastic bag with an aluminum foil bag for sealing; the information of the samples is written on each plastic bag and each aluminum foil bag.
2. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the sample size is determined by taking the average sample size of the raw and auxiliary materials not less than 5% o when the maximum particle size of the raw and auxiliary materials is less than 20 mm; when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is between 20 and 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 10 per thousand, and when the maximum granularity of the raw and auxiliary materials is more than 50mm, the average sampling amount of the raw and auxiliary materials is not less than 15 per thousand.
3. A method for sampling a raw and auxiliary material for inspection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific sampling method is determined by adopting an intubation sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is less than 5mm, adopting a bag-reversing sampling method when the granularity of the original auxiliary material is more than 5mm, and adopting a 24-point grid method when the bag-reversing sampling is carried out.
4. A sampling method for raw and auxiliary material inspection as claimed in claim 3, wherein the operation flow of the bag-inverting sampling method is as follows: and pouring the bagged raw and auxiliary materials onto the ground cleaned completely, uniformly flattening, wherein the thickness of the material layer is not more than 200mm, and each bag of raw and auxiliary materials is provided with at least 24 sampling points.
5. A method for sampling a raw and auxiliary material for inspection as claimed in claim 4, wherein: adopt the square shovel that the mouth width is 175mm to take a sample, and the former auxiliary material in same bag can only be taken a sample by same people to and guarantee that the sample volume of every shovel is the same basically, every shovel sample all inserts the bottom perpendicularly, and the material that takes out is after 2 times pile awl mixing, divides to required sample volume with the quartering method.
6. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: the intubation sampling method comprises the following operation flows: sampling points are distributed on two adjacent side surfaces of the package, an upper point, a middle point and a lower point are respectively taken, six points are distributed uniformly, each sampling point is sampled by using an insertion tube, the material quantity taken out by each sampling point is the same, and the sampling quantity is reduced to the required sampling quantity by a quartering method; the diameter of the intubation tube is 2.5 times larger than the maximum granularity of the raw auxiliary material.
7. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the moisture rough sample pile is processed again by the bag-reversing sampling method, specifically, the moisture rough sample pile is paved on the ground, the thickness is less than 100mm, the sampling point is 24 points, the sampling shovel adopts a standard sampling shovel with the opening width of 60mm, each shovel is on the bottom, the sampling amount of each shovel is the same, and the total amount of the taken samples is 2000-3000 g, thus obtaining the moisture rough sample.
8. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the materials of the quality coarse sample pile pass through a 5mm screen, products on the screen are all crushed to be less than 5mm, the materials are mixed uniformly by a triple pile cone, the mixture is divided by a quartering method, and then the mixture is tiled to 24 grids for sampling, and the total amount of the samples taken out is 3000g, so that the quality coarse sample is obtained.
9. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the moisture content in the moisture raw sample is measured; weighing A, B parts of materials from the moisture crude sample, respectively placing the materials in a weighed drying square tray, weighing and recording numerical values, then placing A, B parts of materials in a constant-temperature drying box at 105 ℃, continuously drying for 24 hours, then weighing again, recording numerical values, respectively calculating the weight loss condition, and if the weight error of A, B materials is not more than 0.3%, taking the arithmetic average value as the final moisture result.
10. A sampling method for checking a raw and auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the information of the sample includes the mine species, time, place, lot number.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111596764.8A CN114459809A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials |
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| CN202111596764.8A CN114459809A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Sampling method for testing raw and auxiliary materials |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008249437A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Nikko Kinzoku Kk | Sampling method and sampling facility |
| CN104677685A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-03 | 岑溪市东正动力科技开发有限公司 | Method for sampling chemical components of metallurgical molten slag |
| CN105463194A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 湖南金鑫新材料有限公司 | Tungsten residue treatment method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-24 CN CN202111596764.8A patent/CN114459809A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008249437A (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Nikko Kinzoku Kk | Sampling method and sampling facility |
| CN104677685A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-03 | 岑溪市东正动力科技开发有限公司 | Method for sampling chemical components of metallurgical molten slag |
| CN105463194A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 湖南金鑫新材料有限公司 | Tungsten residue treatment method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 冶金工业信息标准研究院 等: "中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T 13247-2019 铁合金产品粒度的取样和检测方法", 17 October 2019, 国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会, pages: 5 - 6 * |
| 范长岭: "材料化学基础实验", 31 December 2020, 湖南大学出版社, pages: 75 - 76 * |
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