CN114459305A - Step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mine - Google Patents
Step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114459305A CN114459305A CN202210196718.7A CN202210196718A CN114459305A CN 114459305 A CN114459305 A CN 114459305A CN 202210196718 A CN202210196718 A CN 202210196718A CN 114459305 A CN114459305 A CN 114459305A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- dust
- reduction method
- open pit
- pit coal
- dust prevention
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019462 Occupational injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
- E21C47/02—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for coal, brown coal, or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
- F42D5/05—Blasting mats
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting dust prevention and reduction, in particular to a bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for an open pit coal mine. After the dustproof and dust-reducing technical measures of the rubber blanket and the dust-absorbing cotton are adopted, the generation of the dust on the flat plate of the step is obviously inhibited, the dust is filtered, adsorbed and trapped by the dust-absorbing cotton and the silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres, and the data measured by a dust sampler on the blasting site is 627.6mg/m3Dust measured in comparison with the testThe concentration is 4127mg/m3Compared with the prior art, the dust settling efficiency is up to 84.8%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting dust prevention and reduction, in particular to a bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for an open pit coal mine.
Background
For an open pit coal mine, a large amount of coal dust is generated in the coal bed blasting process, and the coal dust can not only influence the sight of workers and increase the working difficulty of the workers, but also bring potential safety hazards to the working environment; meanwhile, coal dust can also affect the bodies of workers, and workers working in the environment for a long time are easy to get dust diseases, so that occupational injuries are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a dust prevention and reduction method for bench blasting of an open pit coal mine, which can effectively capture dust, protect flying stones and further improve the blasting safety coefficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a dust-proof and dust-reducing method for bench blasting of an open pit coal mine is characterized in that dust absorption cotton and a protective woven blanket are sequentially covered on a blast hole to absorb dust, a silica aerogel microsphere layer is arranged on the contact surface of the dust absorption cotton and the blast hole, and the protective woven blanket is formed by alternately weaving a plurality of rubber strips cut from waste rubber materials such as waste tires and waste conveyor belts.
Furthermore, the silicon dioxide aerogel sphere layer adopts hydrophobic silicon dioxide aerogel containing methyl and prepared by taking rice hull ash as a silicon source.
Further, the specification of the dust absorption cotton is 20m multiplied by 1m multiplied by 2 cm.
Furthermore, the specification of the protective blanket is 2m multiplied by 1.8m, the width of the rubber strips is 3-4cm, and the gap between two adjacent rubber strips is 3cm multiplied by 3 cm.
Further, silica aerogel microballon layer comprises the silica aerogel microballon crowd of spraying on dust absorption cotton surface, and the particle diameter of silica aerogel microballon is 20 ~ 100um, and the distance between two adjacent silica aerogel microballons is 1 mm.
Furthermore, a hanging ring or a hook is additionally arranged on the edge of the protective blanket, so that the protective blanket is convenient to lay.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
by using rubberAfter the technical measures of dust prevention and reduction of the rubber blanket and the dust absorption cotton, the generation of the dust on the flat plate of the step is obviously inhibited, the dust is filtered, adsorbed and trapped by the dust absorption cotton and the silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres, and the data measured by a dust sampling instrument on the blasting site is 627.6mg/m3Dust concentration 4127mg/m measured in the comparison area with the test3Compared with the prior art, the dust settling efficiency is up to 84.8%.
The dust fall protection blanket that comprises rubber blanket + dust absorption cotton jointly not only can effectually catch the dust, can also do the guard action to flying stone, has further improved blasting factor of safety, simultaneously, because the protection blanket is assembled by abandonment tire etc. and forms, so can cyclic utilization, this blasting cost that just can significantly reduce.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of the rubber blanket and the dust absorption cotton in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for the open pit coal mine comprises the following steps:
s1, covering dust absorption cotton on the blast hole, wherein the main components of the dust absorption cotton are mainly PET (polyester fiber) and PP (polypropylene fiber), the specification is 20m multiplied by 1m multiplied by 2cm, a silicon dioxide aerogel microsphere layer is arranged on the contact surface of the dust absorption cotton and the blast hole, the silicon dioxide aerogel microsphere layer adopts methyl-containing hydrophobic silicon dioxide aerogel spheres which are prepared by taking rice hull ash as a silicon source, the particle size is 20-100 um, the distance between every two adjacent silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres is 1mm, and a coal powder layer adsorption array is formed;
s2, covering a protective woven blanket on the dust absorption cotton at the position corresponding to the blast hole to realize dust absorption,
the protective woven blanket is formed by alternately weaving a plurality of rubber strips cut from waste rubber materials such as waste tires, waste conveyor belts and the like, the specification is 2m multiplied by 1.8m, the width of each rubber strip is 3-4cm, the gap between every two adjacent rubber strips is 3cm multiplied by 3cm, and the weight is about 10 kg.
In this embodiment, rings or hooks are added to the edge of the protection blanket, which is convenient for laying the protection blanket.
Further, in order to avoid that the front side and the back side cannot be distinguished when the protective blanket is laid, a certain amount of pigment can be filled in the silicon dioxide aerogel.
The field test shows that: after the technical measures of dust prevention and reduction of the protective blanket and the dust absorption cotton are adopted, the generation of the step flat disc dust is obviously inhibited, the overflow of the flat disc dust in the blasting process can be obviously reduced, the adsorption array formed by the silica aerogel microspheres can realize the quick and large-scale adsorption of the dust, meanwhile, the dust absorption cotton can also filter and intercept a part of the dust, and the measured data of a dust sampling instrument in the blasting site is 627.6mg/m3Dust concentration 4127mg/m measured in the comparison area with the test3Compared with the prior art, the dust settling efficiency is up to 84.8%.
Meanwhile, the positions of the protection blanket and the dust absorption cotton are unchanged after blasting, the protection blanket and the dust absorption cotton are relatively complete, the surface of the silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres is fully absorbed with dust, and meanwhile, the gaps of the dust absorption cotton are also fully filled with dust which loses the re-filtering effect, so that the dust absorption cotton has a great filtering effect on the dust generated by blasting, and the intact protection blanket can be recycled.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for an open pit coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dust absorption cotton and the protection woven blanket are sequentially covered on the blast hole, dust absorption is achieved, a silica aerogel microsphere layer is arranged on the contact surface of the dust absorption cotton and the blast hole, and the protection woven blanket is formed by alternately weaving a plurality of rubber strips cut from waste rubber materials.
2. The bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the silicon dioxide aerogel sphere layer adopts hydrophobic silicon dioxide aerogel containing methyl and prepared by taking rice hull ash as a silicon source.
3. The bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of the dust absorption cotton is 20m multiplied by 1m multiplied by 2 cm.
4. The bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the protective blanket is 2m multiplied by 1.8m in specification, the width of the rubber strips is 3-4cm, and the gap between every two adjacent rubber strips is 3cm multiplied by 3 cm.
5. The bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the silica aerogel microballon layer comprises the silica aerogel microballon crowd of spraying on dust absorption cotton surface, and the particle diameter of silica aerogel microballon is 20 ~ 100um, and the distance between two adjacent silica aerogel microballons is 1 mm.
6. The bench blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the edge of the protection blanket is additionally provided with a hanging ring or a hook, so that the protection blanket is convenient to lay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210196718.7A CN114459305A (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210196718.7A CN114459305A (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114459305A true CN114459305A (en) | 2022-05-10 |
Family
ID=81416243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210196718.7A Pending CN114459305A (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Step blasting dust prevention and reduction method for open pit coal mine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114459305A (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201289356Y (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2009-08-12 | 徐建勇 | Rubber protection blanket for blasting engineering |
| CN104419999A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 上海炬通实业有限公司 | High-performance dust-resistant fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN105823385A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Protection method for decreasing blasting flying stone distance |
| CN105880132A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-24 | 太仓市纯杰金属制品有限公司 | Dust-proof automatic textile equipment |
| CN206853384U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-01-09 | 北京众清科技有限公司 | Air filtration structure and air purifier |
| CN107735385A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-02-23 | 株式会社Lg化学 | The preparation method of self raising flour dirt and high adiabatic aerogel blanket |
| CN111278772A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-06-12 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Low-dust silica aerogel felt and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN211084972U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-07-24 | 马文有 | Rubber pad net-shaped gun and quilt demolition blasting protection device |
| CN212320555U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-01-08 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Explosive top shielding device in blast hole |
| CN113899273A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 浙江秦核环境建设有限公司 | Blasting dust keeper |
-
2022
- 2022-03-02 CN CN202210196718.7A patent/CN114459305A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201289356Y (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2009-08-12 | 徐建勇 | Rubber protection blanket for blasting engineering |
| CN104419999A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 上海炬通实业有限公司 | High-performance dust-resistant fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN107735385A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-02-23 | 株式会社Lg化学 | The preparation method of self raising flour dirt and high adiabatic aerogel blanket |
| CN105823385A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Protection method for decreasing blasting flying stone distance |
| CN105880132A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-24 | 太仓市纯杰金属制品有限公司 | Dust-proof automatic textile equipment |
| CN206853384U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-01-09 | 北京众清科技有限公司 | Air filtration structure and air purifier |
| CN111278772A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-06-12 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Low-dust silica aerogel felt and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN211084972U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-07-24 | 马文有 | Rubber pad net-shaped gun and quilt demolition blasting protection device |
| CN212320555U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-01-08 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Explosive top shielding device in blast hole |
| CN113899273A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 浙江秦核环境建设有限公司 | Blasting dust keeper |
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Application publication date: 20220510 |