CN114459168A - High-temperature generator for semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and working method thereof - Google Patents

High-temperature generator for semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114459168A
CN114459168A CN202210164576.6A CN202210164576A CN114459168A CN 114459168 A CN114459168 A CN 114459168A CN 202210164576 A CN202210164576 A CN 202210164576A CN 114459168 A CN114459168 A CN 114459168A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
exchange tube
lithium bromide
semi
temperature generator
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CN202210164576.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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张跃
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Broad Air Conditioning Co ltd
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Broad Air Conditioning Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210164576.6A priority Critical patent/CN114459168A/en
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Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B33/00Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

A high temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and a working method thereof are disclosed, wherein the high temperature generator comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of rows of heat exchange tube bundles arranged along the length direction of the cylinder body are arranged in the cylinder body; it is characterized in that a liquid distributor with holes is arranged above the heat exchange tube bundles, and at least one row of heat exchange tube bundles positioned at the bottom is soaked in the solution. The invention also discloses a working method of the high-temperature generator for the semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit. The invention not only overcomes the defects generated by the existing flooded generator, but also ensures that the bottom heat exchange tube is uniformly heated and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

High-temperature generator for semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lithium bromide water chilling unit, in particular to a high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and a working method thereof.
Background
A double-effect steam and hot water type lithium bromide absorption water chilling unit adopts steam or high-temperature hot water as a heat source, and a lithium bromide solution is concentrated by a high-temperature generator in a vacuum environment to generate steam. And (4) allowing the water vapor to enter a low-temperature generator to serve as a heat source, and concentrating the lithium bromide solution for the second time. Finally, the concentrated solution generated by the high-temperature generator and the low-temperature generator is used as an absorbent, and the generated water vapor is condensed and used as a refrigerant to prepare cold water for air conditioning and other purposes.
As shown in fig. 1: the working principle of the high-temperature generator is as follows: the lithium bromide dilute solution in the cylinder exchanges heat with a heat source in the heat exchange pipe to generate steam, the dilute solution becomes concentrated solution, the steam enters the low-temperature generator to exchange heat, the concentrated solution enters the absorber to be diluted, and then flows back to the high-temperature generator through the dilute solution pipeline.
The heat exchange tubes of the high temperature generator are generally completely immersed in a lithium bromide solution, and are called an immersion type or flooded type high temperature generator. Because the immersion type or flooded type high-temperature generator has a simple structure, the heat exchange tube can be ensured to contact with solution for heat exchange, but the following defects exist: (1) more lithium bromide solution is needed, the resource requirement is high, and the cost is high; (2) more solution needs more heat sources and time to reach the working temperature at the initial starting-up stage; when the cooling is stopped, the cooling tower needs to be started for a long time to assist in cooling, and the machine can be safely stopped; (3) the pressure formed by the solution above the heat exchange tube prevents the solution from boiling, reduces the boiling efficiency, and improves the temperature requirement on a heat source, thereby reducing the output of a unit and the energy efficiency.
If the lithium bromide solution is reduced, the solution uniformly falls on the heat exchange tubes and gradually drops to the heat exchange tube at the lowest row along the heat exchange tube at the upper row, the defect generated by the flooded generator can be overcome, however, the uniformity is poor due to the randomness of the dropping liquid generated in the process of the liquid drops from the heat exchange tube at the upper row to the heat exchange tube at the lower row, and particularly, the heat exchange efficiency is influenced due to the serious uneven liquid distribution of the heat exchange tubes at the bottom. Therefore, the present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the flooded generator and avoiding the poor heat exchange caused by the non-uniformity of the drop falling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the high-temperature generator for the semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit, which has the advantages of low cost, uniform heating of the bottom heat exchange tube and high heat exchange efficiency, and the working method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of rows of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the cylinder body along the length direction of the cylinder body; a liquid distributor with holes is arranged above the heat exchange tube bundles, and at least one row of heat exchange tube bundles positioned at the bottom are soaked in the solution.
The scheme has the following advantages: (1) by arranging the liquid distributor, after the dilute solution enters the barrel, the dilute solution is firstly distributed by the liquid distributor and then uniformly dropped on the heat exchange tube through the holes, so that on one hand, less lithium bromide solution is needed, the resource requirement is less, and the cost is reduced; less solution needs less heat source and time at the initial stage of starting up, and the working temperature can be reached; when the cooling is stopped, a cooling tower needs to be started in a short time to assist in cooling, and the machine is quickly and safely stopped; on the other hand, the pressure formed by the solution is not arranged above the heat exchange tube, the solution is boiled without obstruction, the boiling efficiency is improved, the output of a unit is further improved, the temperature requirement on a heat source is reduced, and the energy efficiency and the heat source utilization rate are improved; (2) through soaking at least one row of heat exchanger tube bank with the bottom in solution, can avoid the randomness and the inhomogeneity of liquid drop whereabouts process, can guarantee through the formula heat transfer mode of immersing that the heat exchanger tube bank of bottom is heated evenly, improve heat exchange efficiency greatly. The invention overcomes the defects generated by the existing flooded generator, ensures that the bottom heat exchange tube is uniformly heated and improves the heat exchange efficiency.
Furthermore, the holes on the liquid distributor are uniformly distributed, so that the solution is firstly distributed by the liquid distributor and passes through the holes to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube bundle. Through arranging a plurality of even holes, can make solution cloth liquid even, evenly drip promptly to the heat exchange tube bank on, improve heat exchange efficiency.
Further, N rows of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the cylinder body up and down, the number of rows of the heat exchange tube bundles soaked in the solution is less than N/2, and an immersion type heat exchange structure is formed, wherein N is more than or equal to 3; preferably, the number of rows of heat exchange tube bundles soaked in the solution is less than N/2. Because the liquid drop from last down drips, the heat exchange tube position leans on the back more, and the randomness of dropping liquid just is big more to lead to the homogeneity variation, especially this kind of phenomenon appears more easily more the row number of heat exchange tube bank, consequently, this invention sets up the heat exchange tube bank selection behind the position and adopts the formula of immersing heat transfer structure, thereby improves heat exchange efficiency greatly.
Further, 1-20 rows of heat exchange tube bundles at the bottom of the cylinder body are soaked in the solution. The number of rows of heat exchange tube bundles needing to be soaked at the bottom can be determined according to the number of the heat exchange tube bundles arranged up and down, for example, the more the rows are, the more the heat exchange tube bundles are soaked, so that the heat exchange efficiency is ensured, and preferably, the heat exchange tube bundle with the bottom of 3-10 rows is soaked in a lithium bromide solution.
Further, the diameter of the hole is 0.2-10 mm, preferably 1-3 mm; the center distance of the holes is 10-100 mm, preferably 20-50 mm. If the pore diameter is too small, the liquid distribution flow is difficult to achieve, and the liquid is easily blocked by dregs in the liquid; too large aperture can cause too much liquid loss in the liquid distributor at the front section and liquid shortage at the rear section, thus causing uneven liquid distribution; especially, when the load of the unit is small, the liquid distribution amount is small, and the situation is more serious.
Further, the liquid distributor is provided with a steam channel for passing steam. Because the solution can produce steam after being heated and boiled, the steam that can make the production smoothly exports from the liquid distributor through setting up the steam passageway.
Furthermore, the liquid distributor is a liquid distribution disc with holes, and gaps are arranged between the liquid distribution disc and the periphery of the cylinder body and are used as the steam channel; or the liquid distribution disc is provided with the steam channel with the solution enclosure; or the liquid distributor comprises a plurality of liquid distributing pipes which are arranged at intervals, the holes are arranged on the liquid distributing pipes, and the space between the liquid distributing pipes forms the steam channel.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube bundle are subjected to roughening treatment, the roughness is 0.5-100 microns, the outer walls of the two ends of each heat exchange tube are not subjected to roughening treatment, and the light tube sections are reserved. The surface of the heat exchange pipe is roughened, so that the adhesive force to liquid can be improved, and the thickness of a liquid film can be improved; the capillary phenomenon of roughening increases the diffusion distance of the droplets; the roughened surface can also improve the surface area of the heat exchange tube and increase the heat exchange efficiency. However, excessive roughness causes the thickness of the liquid adsorbed on the surface to be too large, and the flow and heat exchange are affected. The heat exchange tube adopts a special process, and the outer wall of the tube is subjected to roughening treatment, including but not limited to shot blasting, sand blasting, shot blasting, chemical corrosion and mechanical processing; and because the two ends of the heat exchange tube need tube expansion, the light tube section is reserved. Preferably, the roughness is 1 to 50 μm, and more preferably 2 to 10 μm.
Further, the length of the light pipe section is 10-150 mm, preferably 15-80 mm, and further preferably 20-60 mm.
The invention relates to a working method of a high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit, which comprises the following steps: the dilute solution enters the cylinder body, is distributed by the liquid distributor, uniformly drops on the heat exchange tube bundles through the holes, exchanges heat with a heat source in the heat exchange tubes, is heated to boil, and then enters the next row of heat exchange tube bundles for further boiling and concentration; the heat exchange tube bundle at the bottom is soaked into the solution, and the solution at the part is directly boiled and concentrated to reach the required concentration and then flows out of the cylinder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: on one hand, by arranging the liquid distributor, less lithium bromide solution is needed, the resource requirement is less, and the cost is reduced; less solution needs less heat source and time at the initial stage of starting up, and the working temperature can be reached; when the cooling is stopped, a cooling tower needs to be started in a short time to assist in cooling, and the machine is quickly and safely stopped; moreover, the pressure formed by the solution is not arranged above the heat exchange tube, the solution is boiled without obstruction, the boiling efficiency is improved, the output of a unit is further improved, the temperature requirement on a heat source is reduced, and the energy efficiency and the heat source utilization rate are improved; on the other hand, through soaking at least one row of heat exchanger tube bank with the bottom in solution, can avoid the randomness and the inhomogeneity of liquid drop whereabouts process, can guarantee through immersive heat transfer mode that the heat exchanger tube bank of bottom is heated evenly, improves heat exchange efficiency greatly. The invention overcomes the defects generated by the existing flooded generator, ensures that the bottom heat exchange tube is uniformly heated and improves the heat exchange efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art (submerged) high temperature generator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high-temperature generator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the liquid distribution plate and the heat exchange tube in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid distribution pipe and a heat exchange pipe in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3: a high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit comprises a cylinder body 1, wherein a plurality of rows of heat exchange tube bundles which are arranged up and down along the length direction of the cylinder body are arranged in the cylinder body 1; a liquid distributor with holes is arranged above the heat exchange tube bundle; and at least one row of heat exchange tube bundles positioned at the bottom is soaked in the solution.
In this embodiment, the liquid distributor is provided with a plurality of holes 4 uniformly distributed, so that the solution is firstly distributed by the liquid distributor and passes through the holes 4 to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube 2. The diameter of the hole 4 is 3mm and the center distance of the hole 4 is 40 mm. Wherein the center distance of the holes refers to the distance from the center of each hole to the center of each hole. The liquid distributor is a liquid distribution plate 3, and a plurality of holes 4 which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the liquid distribution plate 3 and are uniformly distributed. For example, three rows of heat exchange tube bundles which are arranged up and down are arranged below the liquid distribution disc 3, each row of heat exchange tube bundles is provided with four heat exchange tubes 2, and then each row of the liquid distribution disc 3 is provided with four holes, and the positions of the holes are opposite to the positions of the four heat exchange tubes; a plurality of holes can be formed in each row along the length direction of the heat exchange tube as required, and the holes are uniformly distributed, so that the dilute solution is uniformly distributed by the solution distribution disc 3. And the heat exchange tube bundle at the bottom, namely the third heat exchange tube bundle is soaked by the lithium bromide solution.
In this embodiment, cloth liquid dish 3 is equipped with the clearance with at least one side of barrel 1, forms steam channel 5 for the steam that the solution boiling produced can smoothly be discharged through steam channel 5, reduces the pressure in the barrel 1, avoids influencing heat exchange efficiency.
In this embodiment, the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2 is roughened, the roughness is 6 μm, and the outer walls of the two ends of the heat exchange tube are not roughened, and the plain tube section is reserved, so as to facilitate tube expansion. The length of the light pipe section is 30 mm.
The working method of the high-temperature generator in the embodiment comprises the following steps: after the dilute solution enters the high-temperature generator, the dilute solution is distributed by the liquid distributor, the dilute solution is uniformly dropped on the heat exchange tubes through the holes, high-temperature hot water or steam is introduced into the heat exchange tubes, the dilute solution is heated and boiled to generate steam, the steam is discharged to the low-pressure generator through the steam channel, the dilute solution is concentrated, and the concentrated solution enters the next row of heat exchange tubes to be further boiled and concentrated. And the heat exchange tube bundle at the bottom is soaked in the solution, heated and boiled to be concentrated, and flows out of the high-temperature generator after reaching the required concentration.
Example 2
The difference with embodiment 1 is that ten rows of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged up and down below the liquid distribution disc, each row of heat exchange tube bundles is provided with four heat exchange tubes, and the four rows of heat exchange tube bundles positioned at the bottom are soaked by the solution.
The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the liquid distributor comprises a plurality of liquid distribution pipes 3 'which are arranged at intervals, the number of the liquid distribution pipes 3' is the same as that of each row of heat exchange pipes 2, and the arrangement direction of the liquid distribution pipes is consistent with that of the heat exchange pipes 2, holes 4 are arranged on the bottom surface of the liquid distribution pipe 3 ', and the holes 4 are arranged along the length direction of the liquid distribution pipe 3'; the dilute solution is placed in the liquid distribution pipes 3 'so that the dilute solution in each liquid distribution pipe 3' is distributed through the holes and then drops on the heat exchange pipe 2. The interspaces between the liquid distribution tubes 3' form steam channels 5.
In this example, the diameter of the hole was 6mm, and the center distance of the hole was 40 mm.
The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also encompasses these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of rows of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the cylinder body along the length direction of the cylinder body; the device is characterized in that a liquid distributor with holes is arranged above the heat exchange tube bundles, and at least one row of heat exchange tube bundles positioned at the bottom are soaked in the solution.
2. The high temperature generator for a semi-falling film lithium bromide chiller according to claim 1 wherein the holes in the distributor are evenly spaced such that the solution is distributed by the distributor and passes through the holes to exchange heat with the heat exchanger tube bundle.
3. The high temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein N rows of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged in the cylinder up and down, the number of rows of heat exchange tube bundles soaked in the solution is less than N/2, and an immersion type heat exchange structure is formed, wherein N is more than or equal to 3.
4. The high temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 3, wherein 1-20 rows of heat exchange tube bundles at the bottom of the cylinder are immersed in the solution.
5. The high temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the hole is 0.2-10 mm, and the center distance of the hole is 10-100 mm.
6. The high temperature generator for a semi-falling film lithium bromide water chiller according to claim 1, wherein the liquid distributor is provided with a steam channel for passing steam.
7. The high temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 6, wherein the liquid distributor is a perforated liquid distribution disc, and a gap is formed between the liquid distribution disc and the periphery of the cylinder body to serve as the steam channel; or the liquid distribution disc is provided with the steam channel with the solution enclosure; or the liquid distributor comprises a plurality of liquid distributing pipes which are arranged at intervals, the holes are arranged on the liquid distributing pipes, and the space between the liquid distributing pipes forms the steam channel.
8. The high-temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube bundle are roughened, the roughness is 0.5-100 μm, the outer walls of two ends of each heat exchange tube are not roughened, and a light tube section is reserved.
9. The high temperature generator for the semi-falling film lithium bromide water chilling unit according to claim 8, wherein the length of the light pipe section is 10-150 mm.
10. A working method of a high-temperature generator for a semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dilute solution enters the cylinder body, is distributed by the liquid distributor, uniformly drops on the heat exchange tube bundles through the holes, exchanges heat with a heat source in the heat exchange tubes, is heated to boil, and then enters the next row of heat exchange tube bundles for further boiling and concentration; the heat exchange tube bundle at the bottom is soaked into the solution, and the solution at the part is directly boiled and concentrated to reach the required concentration and then flows out of the cylinder.
CN202210164576.6A 2022-02-23 2022-02-23 High-temperature generator for semi-falling film type lithium bromide water chilling unit and working method thereof Pending CN114459168A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024051607A1 (en) * 2022-09-05 2024-03-14 约克(无锡)空调冷冻设备有限公司 Generator

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CN201535596U (en) * 2009-12-03 2010-07-28 重庆大学 Absorption type refrigeration generator adopting lithium bromide solution falling film in vertical tubes
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CN202452766U (en) * 2012-02-03 2012-09-26 特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司 Improved falling film evaporator used in refrigeration air-conditioning system
CN104769371A (en) * 2012-03-09 2015-07-08 太浩科技有限公司 Apparatus and method for vapor driven absorption heat pumps and absorption heat transformer with applications
CN205119554U (en) * 2015-10-20 2016-03-30 松下制冷(大连)有限公司 Warm water type lithium bromide absorbed refrigeration unit
CN106745425A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-05-31 北京今大禹环境技术股份有限公司 A kind of efficient tube type falling liquid film steam raising plant for desalinization
CN108592458A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-09-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Flow equalizing structure, falling film evaporator and water chilling unit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201535592U (en) * 2009-07-24 2010-07-28 大连三洋制冷有限公司 Lithium bromide absorption water chilling unit adopting falling film generator
CN201535596U (en) * 2009-12-03 2010-07-28 重庆大学 Absorption type refrigeration generator adopting lithium bromide solution falling film in vertical tubes
CN101762205A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-06-30 苏州新太铜高效管有限公司 Finned tube for falling film evaporator
CN202452766U (en) * 2012-02-03 2012-09-26 特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司 Improved falling film evaporator used in refrigeration air-conditioning system
CN104769371A (en) * 2012-03-09 2015-07-08 太浩科技有限公司 Apparatus and method for vapor driven absorption heat pumps and absorption heat transformer with applications
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CN108592458A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-09-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Flow equalizing structure, falling film evaporator and water chilling unit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024051607A1 (en) * 2022-09-05 2024-03-14 约克(无锡)空调冷冻设备有限公司 Generator

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