CN114458945A - Large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting liquid-gas cooling wall - Google Patents
Large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting liquid-gas cooling wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN114458945A CN114458945A CN202210167186.4A CN202210167186A CN114458945A CN 114458945 A CN114458945 A CN 114458945A CN 202210167186 A CN202210167186 A CN 202210167186A CN 114458945 A CN114458945 A CN 114458945A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
- F17C3/085—Cryostats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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- F17C2203/0341—Perlite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0345—Fibres
- F17C2203/035—Glass wool
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall, which comprises an outer tank, a moisture-proof layer, a cold insulation layer, a gas cooling wall layer, a liquid cooling wall layer, an inner tank, tank bottom insulating bricks, a tank top, a suspender, a suspended ceiling insulator and a suspended ceiling, wherein the outer tank is of a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure, the inner wall of the outer tank is provided with the moisture-proof layer, the moisture-proof layer is a metal plate or a resin painting structure for preventing water vapor from entering the tank, and the cold insulation layer is made of an insulating filling material. The heat insulation mode of the vapor-liquid cooling wall improves the insulation and cold insulation performance of the traditional storage tank and improves the storage time of liquid hydrogen in the storage tank; the invention is used for land large vertical liquid hydrogen full-capacity tanks, breaks through the limitation of large hydrogen storage pressure vessels, adopts normal and low pressure vessels to meet the hydrogen storage requirements, and is an innovative liquid hydrogen storage tank which is more widely applied and safer, green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid hydrogen low-temperature storage devices, and particularly relates to a large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall.
Background
The liquid hydrogen is a colorless and odorless transparent liquid liquefied from hydrogen, and is a mixture of parahydrogen (p-H2) and orthohydrogen (o-H2). Orthohydrogen and parahydrogen are two spin isomers of molecular hydrogen, which are caused by two possible couplings of the nuclear spins of the two hydrogen atoms. The nuclear spins of the orthohydrogen are in the same direction, and the nuclear spins of the parahydrogen are in the opposite direction. The magnetic moment of para-hydrogen molecules is zero and the magnetic moment of ortho-hydrogen molecules is twice the magnetic moment of protons. Para-hydrogen is chemically identical to ortho-hydrogen, while the physical properties are different, as para-hydrogen has a lower ground state energy than ortho-hydrogen. At or above room temperature, the equilibrium composition of normal and para-hydrogen is 75:25, referred to as normal hydrogen (n-H2) or normal hydrogen. Below ambient temperature, the equilibrium composition of para-ortho will change and the percentage of para-para increases. The normal-to-secondary conversion of gaseous hydrogen occurs in the presence of a catalyst, while liquid hydrogen spontaneously undergoes normal-to-secondary conversion in the absence of a catalyst, but at a slower rate. The positive and secondary hydrogen conversion is an exothermic reaction, and the heat evolved during the conversion is related to the temperature at which the conversion takes place. In order to reduce the evaporative loss of liquid hydrogen due to the exothermic heat of conversion of ortho-para-hydrogen, it is desirable that the para-hydrogen content of all liquid hydrogen products be at least 95% or greater, i.e., that essentially all ortho-hydrogen be catalytically converted to para-hydrogen upon liquefaction.
As a new energy source, hydrogen has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, no pollution, sustainability and the like, and is one of the most promising clean energy sources at present along with the rapid development of economy in China and the continuous improvement of the requirements on environmental governance.
With the influence of the domestic development trend and the guidance of policies, the use of liquid hydrogen increasingly approaches the civil market. Liquid hydrogen is a cryogenic hydrogen storage technology, and is cryogenically cooled to below 21K to become liquid hydrogen, and then the liquid hydrogen is stored in a special container. The volume energy density of the liquid hydrogen is very high, the density of the liquid hydrogen is 845 times of that of gaseous hydrogen at normal temperature and normal pressure, 3 times of that of high-pressure hydrogen of 35Mpa and 2 times of that of high-pressure hydrogen of 70Mpa, so that the hydrogen storage quality of the hydrogen storage container with the same volume is greatly improved.
However, the liquid hydrogen is better and safer to store and transport due to the dangers and volatility of hydrogen itself, which leads to the limitation of its transportation and storage. Further, chinese patent publication No. CN113864632A discloses a liquid hydrogen storage tank, in which a heat insulating plate is provided inside a tank main body, a cylindrical member vertically penetrating the heat insulating plate is provided on the heat insulating plate, a pipe is inserted into a liquid level of liquid hydrogen through the cylindrical member, and the liquid hydrogen is introduced into the tank main body from a tank top side through the pipe. However, the existing liquid hydrogen storage tank needs to be improved in terms of heat insulation and heat preservation, heat insulation and cold insulation performance and the like.
Therefore, the invention is very necessary to invent a large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall, which can improve the insulating and cold-insulating performance of the traditional storage tank and improve the storage time of liquid hydrogen in the storage tank by adopting a heat insulation mode of the gas-liquid cooling wall.
A large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall comprises an outer tank, a moisture-proof layer, a cold insulation layer, a gas cooling wall layer, a liquid cooling wall layer, an inner tank, tank bottom insulating bricks, a tank top, a suspender, a suspended ceiling insulator and a suspended ceiling, wherein the outer tank is of a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure, the inner wall of the outer tank is provided with the moisture-proof layer, the moisture-proof layer is a metal plate or a resin painting structure for preventing water vapor from entering the tank, and the cold insulation layer is made of an insulating filling material and is filled in a space interlayer between the outer tank and the inner tank; the air cooling wall layer and the liquid cooling wall layer are arranged between the cold insulation layers, and the cold insulation layers filled between the air cooling wall layer and the outer tank and between the air cooling wall layer and the liquid cooling wall layer and the inner tank are arranged; the inner tank is a container with a metal structure; the inner tank is arranged on an insulating brick at the bottom of the tank; the tank bottom insulating brick is arranged on the outer tank bottom plate, and an air cooling wall layer and a liquid cooling wall layer are also arranged in the middle of the tank bottom insulating brick; the top of the outer tank is a tank top, and the tank top is a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure; the suspended ceiling is arranged on the top of the tank through a hanging rod, and a suspended ceiling insulator is arranged above the suspended ceiling; and the air cooling wall layer and the liquid cooling wall layer are also arranged in the ceiling insulation.
Preferably, the cold insulation layer is at least one of a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam box, pearl sand, vacuum glass beads, aerogel or high vacuum insulation board, and the thickness range of the cold insulation layer is set to 400-1200 mm.
Preferably, the air-cooled wall layer and the liquid-cooled wall layer are of a plurality of prefabricated standard pipe plate type structures, the air-cooled wall layer and the liquid-cooled wall layer are respectively made of any one of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy plates, and the air-cooled wall layer and the liquid-cooled wall layer are installed in the cold insulation layer, the tank bottom insulating bricks and the ceiling insulating layer to form a fully-enclosed pipe plate type structure.
Preferably, the air cooling wall layer and the liquid cooling wall layer can be independently arranged in the storage tank or can be jointly arranged.
Preferably, the tank bottom insulating brick is at least one of a foam glass brick, a prefabricated glass fiber reinforced plastic block and a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam block.
Preferably, the inner tank is made of at least one of a stainless steel plate, an invar steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate.
Preferably, the furred ceiling adopt stainless steel board, at least one of 9% nickel steel sheet, invar steel sheet or aluminium alloy plate, hang through the jib and fix in tank deck below, furred ceiling top laid the furred ceiling insulating.
Preferably, the ceiling insulation is at least one of glass wool, aerogel, high vacuum insulation panels or polyurethane foam panels.
Preferably, the gas-cooling wall layer is used for extracting gas evaporated from the inner tank by controlling the pressure of the inner tank and adopting external forced air extraction.
Preferably, the liquid cooling wall layer is filled with refrigerating liquid (such as liquid nitrogen, refrigerant and other low-temperature liquid) by controlling the pressure and temperature in the liquid cooling wall layer and adopting external forced circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the mode of heat insulation of the vapor-liquid cooling wall, improves the insulating and cold-insulating performance of the traditional storage tank, and improves the storage time of the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank; the invention can be used for land large-scale vertical liquid hydrogen storage tanks, and can also be used for storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen ship fuel tanks and liquid hydrogen transport ship liquid cargo tanks, breaks through the limitation of large-scale hydrogen storage pressure vessels, adopts normal and low pressure vessels to meet the hydrogen storage requirements, and is an innovative liquid hydrogen storage tank which is more widely applied and is safer, green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. an outer tank; 2. a moisture barrier; 3. a cold insulation layer; 4. an air-cooling wall layer; 5. a liquid cooling wall layer; 6. an inner tank; 7. insulating bricks at the bottom of the tank; 8. the tank top; 9. a boom; 10. ceiling insulation; 11. a suspended ceiling.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example (b):
as shown in the attached drawing 1, the invention provides a large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting a liquid-gas cooling wall, which comprises an outer tank 1, a moisture-proof layer 2, a cold insulation layer 3, a gas cooling wall layer 4, a liquid cooling wall layer 5, an inner tank 6, tank bottom insulating bricks 7, a tank top 8, a suspender 9, a suspended ceiling insulation 10 and a suspended ceiling 11, wherein the outer tank 1 is of a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure, the moisture-proof layer 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer tank 1, the moisture-proof layer 2 is of a metal plate or resin painting structure for preventing water vapor from entering the inner tank, and the cold insulation layer 3 is an insulating filling material and is filled in a space interlayer between the outer tank 1 and the inner tank 6; the air cooling wall layer 4 and the liquid cooling wall layer 5 are arranged in the middle of the cold insulation layer 3, and the cold insulation layer 3 filled between the air cooling wall layer 4 and the cold insulation layer 3 and between the air cooling wall layer and the outer tank 1 and the inner tank 6; the inner tank 6 is a container with a metal structure and is used for storing liquid hydrogen, and the inner tank 6 is arranged on an insulating brick 7 at the bottom of the tank; the tank bottom insulating brick 7 is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer tank 1, and the air cooling wall layer 4 and the liquid cooling wall layer 5 are also arranged in the middle of the tank bottom insulating brick 7; the top of the outer tank 1 is a tank top 8, and the tank top 8 is a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure; the suspended ceiling 11 is arranged on the tank top 8 through a suspension rod 9, and a suspended ceiling insulator 10 is arranged above the suspended ceiling 11; the air cooling wall layer 4 and the liquid cooling wall layer 5 are also arranged in the ceiling insulation 10; the air cooling wall layer 4 and the liquid cooling wall layer 5 can be fixed on the outer tank 1, the inner tank 6, or the tank top 8, or are of self-supporting structures and are arranged on the insulating bricks 7 at the bottom of the tank.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the cold insulation layer 3 is at least one of a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam box, pearl sand, vacuum glass beads, aerogel or high vacuum insulation panel, and the thickness range of the cold insulation layer 3 is set at 400-1200 mm.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the air-cooled wall layer 4 and the liquid-cooled wall layer 5 are of a plurality of prefabricated standard tube sheet structures, the air-cooled wall layer 4 and the liquid-cooled wall layer 5 are made of any one of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy plates, and the air-cooled wall layer 4 and the liquid-cooled wall layer 5 are installed in the cold insulation layer 3, the tank bottom insulating brick 7 and the ceiling insulating brick 10 to form a fully-enclosed tube sheet structure.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the gas-cooling wall layer 4 extracts the gas evaporated from the inner tank 6 by controlling the pressure of the inner tank 6 and adopting external forced air extraction; the liquid cooling wall layer 5 is formed by controlling the pressure and temperature in the liquid cooling wall layer 5 and filling the liquid cooling wall layer 5 with refrigerating liquid, such as liquid nitrogen, refrigerant and other low-temperature liquid, by adopting external forced circulation; the air cooling wall layer 4 and the liquid cooling wall layer 5 can be independently arranged in the storage tank or can be jointly arranged.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the tank bottom insulating brick 7 is an insulating structure capable of bearing load, and can transfer the weight of the inner tank 6 and the liquid cargo to the bottom plate of the outer tank 1 and even the foundation; the tank bottom insulating brick 7 adopts at least one of a foam glass brick, a prefabricated glass fiber reinforced plastic block and a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam block; the inner tank 6 is made of at least one of a stainless steel plate, an invar steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the suspended ceiling 11 is made of at least one of a stainless steel plate, a 9% nickel steel plate, an invar steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, and is suspended and fixed below the tank roof 8 through a hanger rod 9, and a suspended ceiling insulation 10 is laid above the suspended ceiling 11; the ceiling insulation 10 is made of at least one of glass wool, aerogel, high vacuum insulation board or polyurethane foam board.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooling wall is characterized by comprising an outer tank (1), a moisture-proof layer (2), a cold insulation layer (3), a gas cooling wall layer (4), a liquid cooling wall layer (5), an inner tank (6), tank bottom insulating bricks (7), a tank top (8), a suspender (9), a suspended ceiling insulation (10) and a suspended ceiling (11), wherein the outer tank (1) is of a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure, the moisture-proof layer (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the outer tank (1), the moisture-proof layer (2) is of a metal plate or resin painting structure for preventing water vapor from entering the tank, and the cold insulation layer (3) is an insulating filling material and is filled in a space interlayer between the outer tank (1) and the inner tank (6); the air cooling wall layer (4) and the liquid cooling wall layer (5) are arranged in the middle of the cold insulation layer (3), and the cold insulation layer (3) filled between the air cooling wall layer and the outer tank (1) and between the air cooling wall layer and the inner tank (6) are arranged; the inner tank (6) is a container with a metal structure; the inner tank (6) is arranged on an insulating brick (7) at the bottom of the tank; the tank bottom insulating brick (7) is arranged on a bottom plate of the outer tank (1), and a gas cooling wall layer (4) and a liquid cooling wall layer (5) are also arranged in the middle of the tank bottom insulating brick (7); the top of the outer tank (1) is a tank top (8), and the tank top (8) is a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure; the suspended ceiling (11) is arranged on the tank top (8) through a suspension rod (9), and a suspended ceiling insulator (10) is arranged above the suspended ceiling (11); and a gas cooling wall layer (4) and a liquid cooling wall layer (5) are also arranged in the ceiling insulation (10).
2. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooled wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold insulation layer (3) is at least one of a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam box, pearl sand, vacuum glass beads, aerogel or high vacuum insulation plate, and the thickness range of the cold insulation layer (3) is set to 400-1200 mm.
3. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooling wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas cooling wall layer (4) and the liquid cooling wall layer (5) are of a plurality of prefabricated standard tube sheet type structures, the gas cooling wall layer (4) and the liquid cooling wall layer (5) are respectively made of any one of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy sheets, the gas cooling wall layer (4) and the liquid cooling wall layer (5) are installed in the cold insulation layer (3), and the tank bottom insulating bricks (7) and the ceiling insulating bricks (10) form a fully-enclosed tube sheet type structure.
4. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooling wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas cooling wall layer (4) and the liquid cooling wall layer (5) can be independently arranged in the storage tank or jointly arranged.
5. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooled wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating brick (7) at the bottom of the tank adopts at least one of a foam glass brick, a prefabricated glass reinforced plastic block and a prefabricated load-bearing polyurethane foam block.
6. A large liquid-hydrogen full-capacity tank with liquid-gas cooled wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner tank (6) is made of at least one of stainless steel plate, invar steel plate or aluminum alloy plate.
7. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooling wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suspended ceiling (11) is at least one of a stainless steel plate, a 9% nickel steel plate, an invar steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, the suspended ceiling is suspended and fixed below the tank top (8) through a suspension rod (9), and suspended ceiling insulation (10) is laid above the suspended ceiling (11).
8. A large liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank using liquid-gas cooled wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceiling insulation (10) is at least one of glass wool, aerogel, high vacuum insulation panel or polyurethane foam panel.
9. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooling wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas cooling wall layer (4) is used for extracting gas evaporated from the inner tank (6) by controlling the pressure of the inner tank (6) and adopting external forced air extraction.
10. The large-scale liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting the liquid-gas cooled wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid cooled wall layer (5) is filled with the refrigerating liquid by controlling the pressure and the temperature in the liquid cooled wall layer (5) and adopting external forced circulation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210167186.4A CN114458945B (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Large-sized liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting liquid-gas cooled wall |
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| CN202210167186.4A CN114458945B (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Large-sized liquid hydrogen full-capacity tank adopting liquid-gas cooled wall |
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| CN114458945B CN114458945B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115046128A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-13 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Spherical liquid hydrogen storage tank |
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| CN114458945B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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