CN114458517A - Energy storage system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114458517A CN114458517A CN202210094360.7A CN202210094360A CN114458517A CN 114458517 A CN114458517 A CN 114458517A CN 202210094360 A CN202210094360 A CN 202210094360A CN 114458517 A CN114458517 A CN 114458517A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 259
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses an energy storage system and a control method thereof; the energy storage system comprises a water source, an energy storage tank, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly and a pressure stabilizing tank; the energy storage tank is arranged in a sealed manner and used for storing water extracted from a water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy; the energy storage assembly is used for pumping water from a water source to the energy storage container for storing energy; the energy releasing assembly is connected to the energy storage tank and used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy; the pressure stabilizing tank is internally stored with pressure stabilizing water and connected to the energy storage tank, and is used for maintaining the preset pressure in the energy storage tank when the energy releasing assembly releases energy. The energy storage system is high in energy release efficiency, high in practicability and low in cost, and energy storage efficiency of compressed air is guaranteed without consuming a large amount of fuel, and is not influenced by terrain and environmental factors.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system and a control method of the energy storage system.
Background
The energy industry is an important foundation for developing national economy and also an important ring for guaranteeing national safety. The method is safe, efficient and low-carbon, is the centralized embodiment of the technical characteristics of modern energy, and is the core direction for preempting the high point of the energy technology. In recent years, the demand for energy has become larger and larger, the problem of energy supply has become a major concern, and with the increasing degree of atmospheric and environmental pollution in recent years, the environmental protection problem closely related to the energy problem has also attracted attention. In this context, energy storage technology is receiving increasing attention.
The existing energy storage technologies comprise water pumping energy storage, compressed air energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, electromagnetic energy storage and the like, the electrochemical energy storage has the danger of easy explosion, and the discarded batteries after use are also very polluted and difficult to eliminate the pollution. In addition, only water pumping energy storage and compressed air energy storage can be realized in large-scale application at present due to the limitation of factors such as energy storage scale, service life and technical level. However, the energy release efficiency of the two energy storage technologies is low, and the two energy storage technologies are greatly influenced by terrain and environmental factors.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to overcome the disadvantage of low energy release efficiency in the prior art, and provides an energy storage system with high energy release efficiency and a control method of the energy storage system.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an energy storage system including:
a water source;
the energy storage tank is arranged in a sealed mode and used for storing water extracted from the water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy;
the energy storage assembly is used for pumping water from the water source to the energy storage container for storing energy;
the energy releasing assembly is connected to the energy storage tank and used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy;
the pressure stabilizing tank is used for maintaining preset pressure in the energy storage tank when the energy releasing assembly releases energy.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the surge tank includes:
a tank body in which stable pressure water is stored;
the piston is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body;
the counterweight is arranged above the piston and provides pressure for the piston;
the piston and the counterweight are used for pressing the stabilized pressure in the tank body to the energy storage tank when the energy releasing assembly releases energy so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset pressures in the piston, the weight, and the energy storage tank satisfy a relationship:
G＝aPA/g；
in the formula, G is the sum of the weight of the piston and the weight of the balance weight, P is the preset pressure in the energy storage tank, A is the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing tank, G is the gravity acceleration, a is a correction coefficient, and the value of the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 1.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the surge tank is connected to the water source.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, after the energy storage is completed, the volume of the pressure-stabilizing water in the pressure-stabilizing tank is greater than or equal to the volume of the compressed air in the energy-storing tank.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy release assembly includes:
the energy release turbine is connected to the air outlet of the energy storage tank;
the cold source using device is connected to the air outlet of the energy release turbine;
and the first generator is connected to a driving shaft of the energy release turbine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy release assembly further includes:
the water inlet end of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the water source;
and the second generator is connected to the driving shaft of the water turbine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage assembly includes a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the water source and the energy storage tank, and is configured to pump water from the water source to the energy storage tank for energy storage.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the water pump is further connected to the surge tank for pumping water from the water source to the surge tank.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage system further includes:
the pressure sensor is arranged in the energy storage tank and used for detecting the pressure in the energy storage tank in real time;
a plurality of control valves, which are arranged between the water source and the water pump, between the water pump and the energy storage tank, between the water pump and the surge tank, between the surge tank and the energy storage tank, between the energy storage tank and the water turbine, and between the energy storage tank and the energy release turbine;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and the plurality of control valves and is used for controlling the water pump and the plurality of control valves according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a control method of an energy storage system, for controlling the pumped-hydro energy storage system described in any one of the above, the control method comprising an energy storage phase and an energy release phase;
in the energy storage stage:
pumping water from a water source to an energy storage tank, and compressing air in the energy storage tank by the water to store energy;
pumping water to a surge tank;
in the energy release stage:
and controlling the energy release assembly to work, discharging compressed air and water in the energy storage tank for releasing energy, and controlling water in the pressure stabilizing tank to flow to the energy storage tank so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, controlling an energy release assembly to operate to release energy by discharging compressed air and water in the energy storage tank includes:
controlling the compressed air in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into an energy release turbine and a cold source using device, wherein the energy release turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine provides a cold source for the cold source using device;
and controlling the water in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into a water turbine and a water source, and driving a second generator to generate electricity by the water turbine.
According to the energy storage system, the energy storage tank is arranged in a sealed mode and used for storing water extracted from a water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy; the energy releasing assembly is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy; the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with the energy storage tank, and the preset pressure in the energy storage tank is kept when the energy releasing assembly releases energy. On one hand, the preset pressure in the energy storage tank is maintained through the pressure stabilizing tank, so that water and compressed air in the energy storage tank can fully release energy, and the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, water and compressed air in the energy storage tank can release energy, so that the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, air is compressed through water, and the utilization rate of resources is improved. Moreover, the energy storage system does not need to consume a large amount of fuel to ensure the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, is not influenced by the terrain and environmental factors, and has strong practicability and low cost.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an energy storage system according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the energy storage tank in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block flow diagram of an example embodiment of a control method of an energy storage system according to the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a water source; 2. an energy storage tank;
3. a surge tank; 31. a tank body; 32. a piston; 33. balancing weight; 34. a seal ring;
41. an energy release turbine; 42. an energy releasing heat exchanger; 43. a first generator;
51. a water turbine; 52. a second generator;
61. a first control valve; 62. a second control valve; 63. a third control valve; 64. a fourth control valve; 65. a fifth control valve; 66. a sixth control valve; 67. a seventh control valve;
7. a water pump; 8. a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The water pumping and energy storage is to pump water from a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir through a water pump 7, convert electric energy into potential energy of the water for storage, and release the water of the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir to drive a water turbine 51 to generate electricity. The pumped water energy storage has the advantages of large capacity, low cost, long service life and the like, but the selection of the plant site depends on the terrain condition, and certain difficulty and limitation exist. The compressed air energy storage is to use electric energy for compressing air, store the electric energy in gas storage devices such as a gas storage well and a waste mine, convert the electric energy into internal energy of the air to be stored, and release the compressed air to drive a turbine to generate electricity when needed. The capacity of compressed air energy storage is only next to the energy storage of pumping water, and the compressed air energy storage also has the advantages of long service life, high efficiency and the like, but is similar to the energy storage of pumping water, the compressed air energy storage also has great limitation to topographic conditions, specific topographic conditions such as a cave, a abandoned mine and the like are required to build an air storage device, and meanwhile, a large amount of fuel is required to provide a heat source for ensuring higher power and efficiency, so that certain limitation exists.
The disclosed example embodiment provides an energy storage system, such as a schematic structural diagram of an example embodiment of the disclosed energy storage system shown in fig. 1, the energy storage system may include a water source 1, an energy storage tank 2, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly, and a pressure stabilization tank 3; the energy storage tank 2 is arranged in a sealed mode, the energy storage tank 2 is used for storing water extracted from the water source 1, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank 2 to store energy; the energy storage assembly is used for pumping water from the water source to the energy storage container for storing energy; the energy releasing assembly is connected to the energy storage tank 2 and is used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank 2 for releasing energy; the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is connected to the energy storage tank 2, and the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is used for maintaining a preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2 when the energy releasing assembly releases energy.
According to the energy storage system, on one hand, the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2 is kept through the pressure stabilizing tank 3, so that water and compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 can fully release energy, and the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, water and compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 can release energy, so that the energy release efficiency is improved; on the other hand, air is compressed through water, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the water pumping energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system are miniaturized, the problem that the water pumping energy storage system and the compressed air system depend on special terrain conditions is solved, and the system cost is reduced. Moreover, the energy storage system does not need to consume a large amount of fuel to ensure the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, is not influenced by the terrain and environmental factors, and has strong practicability and low cost.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the water source 11 may be water in a reservoir of a residential community. The water in the reservoir can be provided by treated residential domestic sewage, rainwater and the like, and a new way is provided for recycling water resources. But also water in swimming pools.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the energy storage tank 2 is a sealed arrangement, so that a certain pressure can be maintained in the energy storage tank 2. Energy storage tank 2 is used for the storage to follow the water that water source 11 extracted, because energy storage tank 2 is sealed setting, can extrude its air after the water in energy storage tank 2 increases, makes its air in form compressed air in order to carry out the energy storage. The energy storage tank 2 is provided with two water inlets, a water outlet and an air outlet, and the two water inlets are a first water inlet and a second water inlet. The gas outlet sets up in the top of energy storage tank 2 for compressed air can flow out smoothly. The air outlet of the energy storage tank 2 is also used as an air inlet, a pipeline communicated with the atmosphere is connected to the air outlet, a seventh control valve 67 is arranged on the pipeline, and air can enter the energy storage tank 2 by opening the seventh control valve 67.
In addition, in some other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage tanks 2 may be provided as two tanks that are communicated with each other, and the two energy storage tanks 2 are both in a sealed arrangement, wherein one of the energy storage tanks 2 is used for storing compressed air and the other energy storage tank 2 is used for storing water. In this case, the surge tank 3 is connected to the energy storage tank 2 for storing water. Of course, the energy storage tank 2 may be provided more than one, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
In the present exemplary embodiment, referring to the structural schematic diagram of the surge tank shown in fig. 2, the surge tank 3 may include a tank body 31, a piston 32, and a counterweight 33; the tank body 31 is used for storing stable pressure water; the piston 32 is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body 31, when the energy releasing assembly releases energy, water in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 flows to the energy storage tank 2 to stabilize the pressure in the energy storage tank 2, at the moment, the piston 32 moves downwards along with the reduction of the water, and when the pressure stabilizing water is filled into the pressure stabilizing tank 3, the piston 32 moves upwards along with the increase of the water; a weight 33 is provided above the piston 32, the weight 33 providing pressure to the piston 32, and the weight 33 moving with the movement of the piston 32, i.e. the weight 33 moving with the piston 32. The pressure stabilizing tank 3 has simple structure and convenient manufacture.
The piston 32 is further provided with a seal ring 34, the seal ring 34 is positioned between the piston 32 and the can 31, and the seal ring 34 can seal between the can 31 and the piston 32.
Because the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is used for maintaining the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 during energy release, the pressure stabilizing tank 3 mainly plays a role in stabilizing the pressure of the pressure, the piston 32 and the counterweight 33; thus, the preset pressures in the piston 32, the counterweight 33 and the energy storage tank 2 satisfy the relationship:
G＝aPA/g；
wherein G is the sum of the weight of the piston 32 and the weight of the weight 33, and the unit is kg; p is a preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2 and is expressed in Pa; a is the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing tank 3 and the unit is m2(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2(ii) a a is a correction coefficient considering factors such as friction, loss and the like, and the value of a correction coefficient is more than or equal to1。
The surge tank 3 has a water inlet and a water outlet.
In the exemplary embodiment, the energy release assembly may include an energy release turbine 41, a heat sink usage device (illustratively, an energy release heat exchanger 42), and a first generator 43; the energy release turbine 41 is connected to the air outlet of the energy storage tank 2, and the energy release turbine 41 is provided with a driving shaft; the first generator 43 is connected to the drive shaft of the energy release turbine 41. The compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 stably flows into the energy release turbine 41, so that the driving shaft of the energy release turbine 41 is driven to rotate, and the driving shaft of the energy release turbine 41 drives the first generator 43 to rotate for generating electricity. The cold source using device (for example, an energy release heat exchanger 42) is connected to the outlet of the energy release turbine 41; when the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 works through the energy release turbine 41, the compressed air expands to do work externally to form low-temperature air, the low-temperature air serves as a cold source and enters a cold source using device (illustratively, the energy release heat exchanger 42) for heat exchange, and the air after heat exchange is discharged to the atmosphere. In addition, in some other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the cold source using device may be not only the energy releasing heat exchanger 42, but also a refrigerator, a district air conditioner, and the like, and the exhaust port of the energy releasing turbine 41 may be directly connected to the refrigerator, the district air conditioner, and the like, so as to be used for cooling the refrigerator, the district air conditioner, and the like.
In the present example embodiment, the energy release assembly may further include a hydraulic turbine 51 and a second generator 52. The water inlet end of the water turbine 51 is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank 2, and the water turbine 51 is provided with a driving shaft; the second generator 52 is connected to the drive shaft of the hydraulic turbine 51. The water in the energy storage tank 2 flows into the turbine 51, and drives the driving shaft of the turbine 51 to rotate, and the driving shaft of the turbine 51 drives the second generator 52 to rotate for generating electricity. The delivery port of hydraulic turbine 51 is connected to water source 1 for the water that flows out from hydraulic turbine 51 directly flows to water source 1, can make the water reuse in the water source 1, avoids wasting water resource.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the pumped-hydro energy storage system may further include a pressure sensor 8, where the pressure sensor 8 is disposed in the energy storage tank 2 and is used for detecting the pressure of the air in the energy storage tank 2 in real time.
In this example embodiment, the energy storage assembly includes a water pump 7, and the water pump 7 is connected with both the water source 1 and the energy storage tank 2, and is used for pumping water from the water source 1 to the energy storage tank for energy storage. Specifically, be connected with the pipeline between energy storage tank 2's first water inlet and water source 1, be provided with water pump 7 on this pipeline, through water pump 7 with the water extraction of water source 1 to energy storage tank 2. A first control valve 61 is provided on a pipe between the water pump 7 and the water source 1, and a second control valve 62 is provided on a pipe between the water pump 7 and the energy storage tank 2.
The water outlet end of the water pump 7 is also connected to the water inlet of the surge tank 3 through a pipeline, and a third control valve 63 is arranged on the pipeline between the water pump 7 and the surge tank 3. The water from the water source 1 can be pumped to the surge tank 3 by a water pump 7.
In addition, in other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage tank 2 and the surge tank 3 may be respectively connected to the water source 1 through pipes, and the water pumps 7 are respectively disposed on the pipes respectively connected to the water source 1, that is, two water pumps 7 are disposed, one water pump 7 is used for pumping the water of the water source 1 to the energy storage tank 2, and the other water pump 7 is used for pumping the water of the water source 1 to the surge tank 3; the two water pumps 7 can be operated simultaneously without first storing water in the energy storage tank 2 and then storing water in the surge tank 3, or first storing water in the surge tank 3 and then storing water in the energy storage tank 2.
The water outlet of the surge tank 3 is also connected to the second water inlet of the energy storage tank 2 through a pipeline, and a fourth control valve 64 is arranged on the pipeline between the surge tank 3 and the energy storage tank 2.
The outlet of the energy storage tank 2 is connected to the energy release turbine 41 through a pipeline, and a fifth control valve 65 is arranged on the pipeline between the energy storage tank 2 and the energy release turbine 41. The energy releasing turbine 41 has a driving shaft, the driving shaft of the energy releasing turbine 41 is connected with a first generator 43, and the energy releasing turbine 41 can drive the first generator 43 to rotate to generate electricity so as to release energy.
The water outlet of the energy storage tank 2 is connected to the water turbine 51 through a pipeline, and a sixth control valve 66 is arranged on the pipeline between the energy storage tank 2 and the water turbine 51. The water turbine 51 has a driving shaft, the driving shaft of the water turbine 51 is connected with a second generator 52, and the water turbine 51 can drive the second generator 52 to rotate to generate electricity so as to realize energy release.
The energy storage system can also comprise a power supply assembly, the power supply assembly is electrically connected to the water pump 7, and the power supply assembly can be a mains supply, solar energy or a wind generating set. When the utility power is used, energy can be stored in the low ebb of power utilization, and energy can be released in the high peak of power utilization, so that the peak shifting and valley filling of the power are realized to reduce the power utilization pressure. A small amount of energy can be accumulated and used by using a solar or wind generating set, so that the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
In the present exemplary embodiment, a water level sensor (not shown) may be provided in the surge tank 3, and the volume of water in the surge tank 3 is detected by the water level sensor (not shown).
In this example embodiment, the energy storage system may further include a controller; the input end of the controller is electrically connected to the output end of the water level sensor and/or the output end of the pressure sensor 8, and a plurality of output ends of the controller are electrically connected to the first control valve 61, the second control valve 62, the third control valve 63, the fourth control valve 64, the fifth control valve 65, the sixth control valve 66, the seventh control valve 67 and the water pump in a one-to-one correspondence. The controller is used for controlling the water pump 7 and the control valves according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 8 and the water level value detected by the water level sensor.
Further, the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a control method of an energy storage system, and refer to a flow schematic block diagram of the control method of the energy storage system shown in fig. 3. The control method is used for controlling the pumped-storage system, and the control method can comprise an energy storage stage and an energy release stage;
in the energy storage stage:
step S10, pumping water from a water source 1 to an energy storage tank 2, and compressing air in the energy storage tank 2 by the water to store energy;
step S20, pumping water to a pressure stabilizing tank 3;
in the energy release stage:
step S30, controlling the energy releasing component to work, discharging the compressed air and water in the energy storage tank 2 for releasing energy, and simultaneously,
and controlling the water in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 to flow to the energy storage tank 2 so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2.
The above control method is exemplified below.
In the energy storage stage, the controller controls to open the first control valve 61 and the second control valve 62, and starts the water pump 7; the energy storage part of the energy storage system starts to work: water at normal temperature and normal pressure stored in a water source 1 (reservoir) is pumped to an energy storage tank 2 through a water pump 7, and because the energy storage tank 2 is a sealed tank body 31, the water flowing into the energy storage tank 2 can compress air in the energy storage tank 2 to form compressed air; after the pressure sensor 8 detects that the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 reaches the preset pressure, the controller controls to close the second control valve 62 and open the third control valve 63, water in the water source 1 (reservoir) is pumped to the pressure stabilizing tank 3 through the water pump 7, and when the water level sensor detects that the water amount in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is larger than or equal to the volume of the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2, the third control valve 63 and the second control valve 62 are controlled to be closed, so that the energy storage work is completed.
It should be noted that water may be pumped to the surge tank 3 through the water pump 7 first, and then pumped to the energy storage tank 2 through the water pump 7; under the condition that be provided with two water pumps 7, can open two water pumps 7 simultaneously, pump water simultaneously to surge tank 3 and energy storage tank 2.
In the energy release stage: the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 is controlled to sequentially flow into the energy release turbine 41 and the cold source using device (for example, the energy release heat exchanger 42), the energy release turbine 41 drives the first generator 43 to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine 41 provides a cold source for the cold source using device (for example, the energy release heat exchanger 42); the water in the energy storage tank 2 is controlled to flow into the water turbine 51 and the water source 1 in sequence, and the water turbine 51 drives the second generator 52 to generate electricity.
Specifically, the controller controls to open the fourth control valve 64 and the fifth control valve 65, and the energy release portion of the energy storage system starts to operate: the air stored in the energy storage tank 2 and compressed to the preset pressure by the water is released and enters the energy release turbine 41 to do work; meanwhile, since the pressure of the weight of the piston 32 of the surge tank 3 and the weight of the weight 33 to the water in the surge tank 3 is equal to the preset pressure in the energy storage tank 2, after the compressed air in the energy storage tank 2 flows out, the air pressure therein can be reduced, the surge water stored in the surge tank 3 can enter the energy storage tank 2 under the pressure of the piston 32 and the weight 33, the entering amount of the surge water is substantially equal to the outflow amount of the compressed air, and thus the water pressure and the air pressure in the energy storage tank 2 can be stably released through the surge tank 3. And when the water releases energy, the stabilized water in the stabilized water tank 3 basically flows into the energy storage tank 2, and the part of water can release energy, namely the stabilized water in the stabilized water tank 3 can release energy after the pressure stabilizing effect is finished, so that the energy release efficiency is improved.
The low-temperature air after the work of the energy releasing turbine 41 enters a cold source using device (for example, an energy releasing heat exchanger 42) as a cold source for heat exchange, the air after the heat exchange is discharged to the atmosphere, and an output shaft of the energy releasing turbine 41 is connected with a first generator 43 for driving the first generator 43 to generate electricity.
After the compressed air stored in the energy storage tank 2 is exhausted, the controller controls to close the fourth control valve 64 and the fifth control valve 65 and controls to open the sixth control valve 66, the water with preset pressure stored in the energy storage tank 2 enters the energy-releasing water turbine 51 to do work, the water after doing work is discharged into the water source 1 (reservoir) to realize water circulation, and the output shaft of the energy-releasing water turbine 51 is connected with the second generator 52 and used for driving the second generator 52 to generate electricity, so that the circulation is completed and the energy release is realized.
If the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is not arranged, the energy release is completed when the difference between the air pressure of the high-pressure air in the energy storage tank 2 and the atmospheric pressure is at most, namely the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 is reduced to the atmospheric pressure; in the application, the pressure in the energy storage tank 2 is always kept higher than the atmospheric pressure through the pressure stabilizing tank 3, so that high-pressure air and water can completely flow out to release energy; but also the water in the surge tank 3 can release energy.
Finally, the controller may control the seventh control valve 67 to open to allow air to enter the energy storage tank 2 in preparation for the next energy storage.
In the case where a plurality of hydraulic turbines 51 connected in series are provided, water having a preset pressure stored in the energy storage tank 2 sequentially enters the plurality of hydraulic turbines 51 to perform work, so as to improve energy release efficiency.
It should be noted that the control valve is normally closed, and is controlled to be opened when it is needed to operate, and the control valve that is not opened is closed.
It should be noted that although the steps of the control method of the energy storage system of the present disclosure are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in this particular order or that all of the depicted steps must be performed to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions, etc.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (12)
1. An energy storage system, comprising:
a water source;
the energy storage tank is arranged in a sealed mode and used for storing water extracted from the water source, and the water compresses air in the energy storage tank to store energy;
the energy storage assembly is used for pumping water from the water source to the energy storage container for storing energy;
the energy releasing assembly is connected to the energy storage tank and used for discharging water and compressed air stored in the energy storage tank to release energy;
the pressure stabilizing tank is used for maintaining preset pressure in the energy storage tank when the energy releasing assembly releases energy.
2. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the surge tank comprises:
a tank body in which stable pressure water is stored;
the piston is movably and hermetically arranged in the tank body;
the counterweight is arranged above the piston and provides pressure for the piston;
the piston and the counterweight are used for pressing the stabilized pressure in the tank body to the energy storage tank when the energy releasing assembly releases energy so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
3. The energy storage system of claim 2, wherein the piston, the counterweight, and the predetermined pressure within the energy storage tank satisfy the relationship:
G＝aPA/g；
in the formula, G is the sum of the weight of the piston and the weight of the balance weight, P is the preset pressure in the energy storage tank, A is the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing tank, G is the gravity acceleration, a is a correction coefficient, and the value of the correction coefficient is more than or equal to 1.
4. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the surge tank is connected to the water source.
5. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the volume of the pressurized water in the surge tank is greater than or equal to the volume of the compressed air in the energy storage tank after energy storage is complete.
6. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the energy release assembly comprises:
the energy release turbine is connected to the air outlet of the energy storage tank;
the cold source using device is connected to the air outlet of the energy release turbine;
and the first generator is connected to a driving shaft of the energy release turbine.
7. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein the energy release assembly further comprises:
the water inlet end of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet of the energy storage tank, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the water source;
and the second generator is connected to the driving shaft of the water turbine.
8. The energy storage system of claim 7, wherein the energy storage assembly comprises a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the water source and the energy storage tank for pumping water from the water source to the energy storage tank for storing energy.
9. The energy storage system of claim 8, wherein the water pump is further coupled to the surge tank for pumping water from the water source to the surge tank.
10. The energy storage system of claim 8, further comprising:
the pressure sensor is arranged in the energy storage tank and used for detecting the pressure in the energy storage tank in real time;
a plurality of control valves, which are arranged between the water source and the water pump, between the water pump and the energy storage tank, between the water pump and the surge tank, between the surge tank and the energy storage tank, between the energy storage tank and the water turbine, and between the energy storage tank and the energy release turbine;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and the plurality of control valves and is used for controlling the water pump and the plurality of control valves according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor.
11. A control method of an energy storage system for controlling the pumped-hydro energy storage system according to claims 1-10, wherein the control method comprises an energy storage phase and an energy release phase;
in the energy storage stage:
pumping water from a water source to an energy storage tank, and compressing air in the energy storage tank by the water to store energy;
pumping water to a surge tank;
in the energy release stage:
and controlling the energy release assembly to work, discharging compressed air and water in the energy storage tank for releasing energy, and controlling water in the pressure stabilizing tank to flow to the energy storage tank so as to maintain the preset pressure in the energy storage tank.
12. The method for controlling the energy storage system according to claim 11, wherein controlling the energy release assembly to release the compressed air and the water in the energy storage tank by discharging the compressed air and the water comprises:
controlling the compressed air in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into an energy release turbine and a cold source using device, wherein the energy release turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity, and the air flowing out of the energy release turbine provides a cold source for the cold source using device;
and controlling the water in the energy storage tank to sequentially flow into a water turbine and a water source, and driving a second generator to generate electricity by the water turbine.
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