CN114457432B - Airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for nanofiber preparation device - Google Patents
Airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for nanofiber preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
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- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/027—Spinnerettes containing inserts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for a nanofiber preparation device, and belongs to the technical field of melt-blowing equipment. An air flow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for a nanofiber preparation device is characterized in that a spinneret orifice is arranged in a nozzle middle block, a first air flow channel is arranged between the nozzle middle block and a nozzle side block, a gasket is connected in the first air flow channel, and a second air flow channel is arranged in the nozzle side block; the melt-blown die head for preparing the nano-fiber with the air flow self-coupling function has the advantages that the air flow is homologous, no additional cost is added, the processing difficulty of the device is low, the cost is saved, the diameter of the melt-blown fiber can be greatly reduced by the air flow self-coupling, and the large-scale preparation work of the nano-scale melt-blown fiber can be satisfied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of melt-blowing equipment, in particular to an airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for a nanofiber preparation device.
Background
Melt blowing is a commonly used technique for large-scale preparation of micro-nanofibers. The method mainly prepares ultrafine fibers through the stretching action of high-speed air flow on a hot melt polymer and lays the ultrafine fibers into a net to form melt-blown non-woven fabrics, and compared with other methods for preparing micro-nano fibers, the method has the advantages of high yield, no need of solvents and the like, and is focused on the melt-blowing; the important development trend of the melt-blown non-woven technology is to prepare finer fibers on the premise of not increasing excessive cost, the diameter of the melt-blown fibers is mostly between 1 mu m and 5 mu m at present, and the melt-blown fibers are fine, have a tree root-shaped channel system with more than 99.9% of filtration efficiency because of more pores and small apertures, and are widely applied to the fields of medical treatment, chemical industry, energy sources, machinery, electronics, automobiles, environmental protection and the like.
Further refinement of the fibers is achieved primarily by modification of the raw materials, processes and equipment. In terms of raw materials, this is achieved mainly by increasing the melt flow rate (melt index) of the polymer. However, the higher the melt index, the more expensive the raw materials are, the different requirements on the melt flow channel from the prior ones, the further improvement of the process is needed for preparation, and the production cost is greatly increased. In terms of the process, the method is mainly realized by increasing the initial speed of the air flow and reducing the melt extrusion rate, but the energy consumption is further increased when the initial speed of the air flow is too high, and the yield of the non-woven fabric is greatly affected when the flow rate of the polymer is too low.
In order to further attenuate the fiber, most of the most direct way is to make the aperture of small spinneret orifices, in order to stably prepare nano-scale melt-blown fiber, the apertures of the spinneret orifices are 0.1 mm-0.12 mm, which is far smaller than the aperture of the melt-blown spinneret orifices in the prior market, and nano-melt-blown fiber with the size below 500nm is stably obtained, but the difficulty of making the spinneret orifices fine is great, the cost is high, when the aperture of the spinneret orifices is reduced, the average extrusion amount of melt per orifice is reduced, and the shearing pressure is increased when the melt passes through the pore canal, so that raw materials with higher melt flow rate are required, and the cost is further improved. In addition, it may be deployed around a melt-blowing nozzle that generally includes a spinneret orifice for extruding a melt, and a gas flow channel located outside the spinneret orifice for emitting a gas: wherein the air flow ejected from the air flow channel is used for drawing the melt to prepare the melt-blown fiber.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN208791821U discloses a melt-blowing nozzle structure with additional air flow channels, which provides a second air flow channel, so that the melt extruded from the annular spinneret holes drawn by the first air flow channel is further drawn by the second air flow, and the diameter of the melt-blown fiber can be reduced. However, the pressure difference between the first air flow and the second air flow is larger, and different air pumps are required to provide air flow sources, which not only increases the cost, but also complicates the processing technology (an air flow channel interface which is not mutually influenced is required to be arranged in the die); the mode of the two air flows for drawing the fiber is different from that of the invention, and the two air flows with larger pressure difference clamp the fiber to draw the fiber, so that the fiber breakage and flying situation is likely to become serious; in addition, although the nano-scale melt-blown fiber is finally prepared, the air flow pressure and the melt processing temperature are far higher than those of the invention, and the cost is higher; how to reduce the diameter of the melt-blown fiber to stably prepare large-scale nano-scale melt-blown fiber on the basis of cost saving is a problem to be solved by a person skilled in the art, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides an airflow self-coupling melt-blown die head for a nanofiber preparation device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a melt-blown die head with an air flow self-coupling function for preparing nano-fibers, which has the advantages of air flow homology, low processing difficulty of a device and cost saving, can greatly reduce the diameter of the melt-blown fibers by air flow self-coupling, and can meet the large-scale preparation work of the nano-scale melt-blown fibers.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the air flow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for the nanofiber preparation device comprises a nozzle middle block and a receiving screw extrusion melt assembly, wherein first threaded holes are formed in four corners of the nozzle middle block and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly, and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly is fixedly connected to the back of the nozzle middle block through the first threaded holes and connecting bolts; one side of the nozzle middle block is fixedly connected with an air compressed gas inflow port; a nozzle edge block is arranged on one side of the nozzle middle block, which is opposite to the melt extrusion component of the receiving screw, a second threaded hole is formed in the edge positions of the nozzle edge block and the nozzle middle block, and the nozzle edge block is fixedly connected with the nozzle middle block through the second threaded hole and a connecting bolt; the nozzle middle block is internally provided with a spinneret orifice, a first air flow channel is arranged between the nozzle middle block and a nozzle edge block, a gasket is connected in the first air flow channel, and a second air flow channel is arranged in the nozzle edge block; the bottom of the nozzle edge block is fixedly provided with a first external nozzle assembly or a second external nozzle assembly; the first air flow and the second air flow sprayed out of the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel are used for stretching melt fibers, the second air flow and the first air flow are self-coupled and generate a high-temperature heat preservation area for a cladding area in the middle of the second air flow and the first air flow, the solidification speed of the melt fibers after the melt fibers are sprayed out of the spinneret holes can be greatly slowed down, the self-coupling of the second air flow and the first air flow enables the drafting of the melt fibers to be more sufficient, and the fineness attenuation of the melt fibers is more severe.
Preferably, the number of the nozzle edge blocks is 2, and the nozzle edge blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the nozzle middle block.
Preferably, the value range of the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.2 mm.
Preferably, the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel are inclined channels which are inclined towards the spinneret holes along the air flow direction.
Preferably, the included angle of the first air flow channel is in the range of 60 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees, and the included angle of the second air flow channel is in the range of 45 degrees plus or minus 30 degrees.
Preferably, the range of the width of the first air flow channel is 0.45mm plus or minus 0.2mm, and the range of the width of the second air flow channel is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.15 mm.
Preferably, the vertical distance between the nozzle middle block and the nozzle edge block is 2mm plus or minus 1mm, the horizontal distance between the spinneret orifice and the first air flow channel is 1mm plus or minus 0.1mm, and the horizontal distance between the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel is 3mm plus or minus 3mm.
Preferably, the outlet width of the first external nozzle assembly and the second external nozzle assembly is 3.7mm plus or minus 0.5mm, the outlet angle of the first external nozzle assembly is 65 degrees plus or minus 5 degrees, the outlet angle of the second external nozzle assembly is 35 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees, the upper opening width of the second external nozzle assembly is 5mm plus or minus 5mm, and the lower opening width of the second external nozzle assembly is 12mm plus or minus 5mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for the nanofiber preparation device, which has the following beneficial effects:
in the melt-blowing processing process, the self-coupling air flow melt-blowing die head for the nanofiber preparation device provided by the invention is internally symmetrical after being sprayed out by air flow channels with symmetrical hot air flow sidesThe air flow stretches the melt extruded by the spinneret orifices, the external symmetrical air flow keeps the temperature of the area warm, so that the temperature of the area is increased and the attenuation is reduced, and the temperature can be quantitatively compared by the change of the stagnation temperature in the area (the stagnation temperature T ※ Is a parameter for describing the stagnation state of a certain point of an airflow field, T ※ ＝T+V a 2 /2C pa T is the resting temperature, V a 2 /2C pa Is the dynamic temperature, V a Is the air flow velocity, C pa The specific heat capacity of the jet flow of the air flow) the stagnation temperature of the area is far greater than that of the original die in the area of the central line of the air flow, and when the outer symmetrical air flow meets the inner symmetrical air flow, the melt is further stretched, so that the diameter of the melt-blown fiber can be effectively reduced on the premise of not increasing the energy consumption, so that finer fiber can be obtained on the basis of not changing the diameter of the spinneret orifice, and the cost is effectively saved; in addition, the number and the shape of the second air flow channels in the nozzle edge block are not fixed and can be adjusted according to the needs, for example, two air flow channels with different angles can be arranged in the nozzle edge block, so that melt fibers are subjected to the additional drafting action of three symmetrical air flows in the motion process, the high-temperature heat preservation of the environment is ensured in a longer area, and the nano melt-blown fibers with smaller average size are prepared; the shape of the second air flow channel in the nozzle edge block can be set, for example, the angles of the two boundaries of the second air flow channel are respectively different, so that an air flow channel which is gradually reduced or expanded along the air flow direction can be formed, and different air flow speeds are given to the second air flow channel when the air flow is continuously supplied, thereby being more beneficial to preparing the fiber with finer size; in addition, the bottom of the nozzle edge block is also connected with an external nozzle assembly, so that the self-coupling air flow can be well drawn, the speed of the air flow center line is increased, the fiber fineness attenuation rate is further accelerated within a limited distance, the nozzle device can also reduce the turbulent dissipation of surrounding air flows during the self-coupling of a plurality of air flows, the air flows are ejected from a second air flow channel and collide with the main air flow, the air flows rebound on the wall surface of the external nozzle for feedback coupling, and the external nozzle can play a role in playing a role of the external nozzle through different designs of the inner wall of the external nozzleThe traction effect of different degrees is beneficial to the preparation of the nanofiber.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention can be summarized as follows:
(1) The invention can effectively reduce the energy consumption required by preparing finer melt-blown fibers and can provide the energy utilization rate;
(2) The invention can be suitable for preparing different polymer fibers, and has wider application range;
(3) The structure with the airflow self-coupling function provided by the invention is more convenient to process, and has lower cost and obvious effect;
(4) The invention can prepare a large amount of nanometer melt-blown fibers at lower cost, and the performances of filtration, adsorption and the like can be greatly improved after the fibers reach the nanometer level, so that the melt-blown nanofibers can be applied to other fields in a wider range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art meltblowing die apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slot gas flow channel configuration of a prior art meltblowing die apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the air flow channel of the air flow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a gas flow self-coupling meltblowing die for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle block of an air flow self-coupling meltblowing die for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas flow channels of a second type of embodiment of a gas flow self-coupling meltblowing die for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas flow channel of a third embodiment of a gas flow self-coupling meltblowing die for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the air flow channel of the air flow self-coupling meltblowing die head for a fourth embodiment of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention when the air flow channel is connected to the first external nozzle assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the air flow channel of a fourth type of embodiment of an air flow self-coupling meltblowing die for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention when connected to a second external nozzle assembly.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. a spinneret orifice; 2. a nozzle intermediate block; 3. a first airflow passage; 4. a nozzle edge block; 5. a second airflow passage; 6. a third air flow passage; 7. an air compressed gas inflow port; 8. a receiving screw extrusion melt assembly; 9. a gasket; 10. a second threaded hole; 11. a second threaded hole; 12. a first external nozzle assembly; 13. a second external nozzle assembly; a. the width of the spinneret orifice; b. a first air flow channel width; c. the first air flow channel is horizontally spaced from the second air flow channel; d. a second airflow channel width; e. the vertical distance between the nozzle middle block and the nozzle edge block; f. the second air flow channel and the third air flow channel are horizontally spaced; g. a third airflow channel width; h. the width of the outlet of the external nozzle assembly; i. the width of the nozzle of the external nozzle assembly; j. the nozzle height of the external nozzle assembly; k. the width of the external nozzle assembly where the external nozzle assembly contacts the nozzle edge block; m, width of the opening on the second external nozzle assembly; n, width of the lower opening of the second external nozzle assembly; θ, first air flow channel angle; beta, the included angle of the second airflow channel; gamma, the right wall included angle of the second airflow channel; η, third air flow channel angle; omega, included angles at the nozzle of the first external nozzle assembly; and phi, the included angle at the nozzle of the second external nozzle assembly.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment proposes an airflow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus based on the conventional design shown in fig. 1-2, which includes a nozzle middle block 2 and a receiving screw extrusion melt assembly 8, wherein four corners of the nozzle middle block 2 and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly are respectively provided with a first threaded hole 11, and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly 8 is fixedly connected to the back of the nozzle middle block 2 through the first threaded holes 11 and connecting bolts; one side of the nozzle middle block 2 is fixedly connected with an air compressed airflow inlet 7; a nozzle edge block 4 is arranged on one side of the nozzle middle block 2 opposite to the melt extrusion component 8 for receiving the screw, a second threaded hole 10 is arranged at the edge positions of the nozzle edge block 4 and the nozzle middle block 2, and the nozzle edge block 4 is fixedly connected with the nozzle middle block 2 through the second threaded hole 10 and a connecting bolt; the spinneret orifice 1 is arranged in the nozzle middle block 2, the first air flow channel 3 is arranged between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle edge block 4, the gasket 9 is connected in the first air flow channel 3, the second air flow channel 5 is arranged in the nozzle edge block 4, after the symmetrical air flow channels at two sides of the hot air flow are sprayed out in the melt blowing process, the melt extruded by the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched by the internal symmetrical air flow, the external symmetrical air flow keeps the temperature of the area high and the attenuation of the area low, the melt is further stretched when the external symmetrical air flow meets the internal symmetrical air flow, and the diameter of the melt blown fiber can be effectively reduced on the premise of not increasing the energy consumption, so that finer fiber can be obtained on the basis of not changing the diameter of the spinneret orifice 1, and the cost is effectively saved; in addition, the number and the shape of the second air flow channels 5 in the nozzle edge block 4 are not fixed and can be adjusted according to the needs, for example, two air flow channels with different angles can be arranged in the nozzle edge block 4, so that melt fibers are subjected to the additional drafting action of three symmetrical air flows in the moving process, the high-temperature heat preservation of the environment is ensured in a longer area, and the nano melt-blown fibers with smaller average size are prepared; the shape of the second air flow channel 5 in the nozzle edge block 4 can be set, for example, the angles of the two boundaries are respectively different, so that an air flow channel which gradually reduces or enlarges along the air flow direction can be formed, and different air flow speeds are given to the second air flow channel 5 when the air flow is continuously supplied, so that the preparation of the fiber with finer size is more facilitated.
The number of the nozzle edge blocks 4 is 2, and the nozzle edge blocks 4 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the nozzle middle block 2, so that the air flow channels between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle edge blocks 4 and the air flow channels inside the nozzle edge blocks 4 are symmetrically arranged at two sides.
The diameter of the spinneret orifice 1 is in the range of 0.35mm plus or minus 0.2mm, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 can be polymer melt or other types of melt, and is not particularly limited herein.
The first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 are both inclined channels which incline towards the spinneret orifice 1 along the air flow direction, so that the air flow flowing out along the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 is sprayed onto the melt at a certain inclined angle, thereby effectively improving the stretching effect, wherein the second air flow channel 5 can also be parallel channels which are parallel to the spinneret orifice 1 along the air flow direction, and the detailed description is omitted herein and the protection scope is provided.
The range of the included air flow angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees, and the range of the included air flow angle of the second air flow channel 5 is 45 degrees plus or minus 30 degrees.
The width of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.45mm plus or minus 0.2mm, and the width of the second air flow channel 5 is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.15 mm.
The vertical distance between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm plus or minus 1mm, the horizontal distance between the spinneret orifice 1 and the first air flow channel 3 is 1mm plus or minus 0.1mm, and the horizontal distance between the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 is 3mm plus or minus 3mm.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention may be divided into three types, specifically:
first type of embodiment
Referring to fig. 3-5, the number of the nozzle edge blocks 4 is two and symmetrically disposed at two sides of the nozzle middle block 2, so that it can be seen that the number of the first air flow channels 3 and the second air flow channels 5 is also two and symmetrically disposed at two sides of the nozzle middle block 2;
the first air flow channels 3 and the second air flow channels 5 are inclined channels, and the two first air flow channels 3 and the two second air flow channels 5 are close to the spinneret orifices 1 along the air flow direction but are not parallel to form a slot shape so as to further improve the stretching effect;
the two nozzle edge blocks 4 are internally provided with a second air flow channel 5, so that the high temperature stability of the whole area before the air flow intersection is ensured, the main air flow is further drawn at the intersection, the stretching and thinning degree of the melt is further ensured, and the product quality is effectively improved;
the direction of the second air flow channel 5 approaches to the spinneret orifice 1, but the angle of the second air flow channel 5 changes to form heat preservation areas with different sizes, and the air flow also changes along with the angle change of the second air flow channel 5;
as shown in fig. 3, for convenience of arrangement, the included angle β of the second air flow channel 5 is in the range of 45 ° ± 30 °, and approaches the spinneret orifice 1; wherein, the value range of the transverse distance c between the second air flow channel 5 and the first air flow channel 3 is 3 mm-6 mm;
further, the value range of the air flow included angle theta of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees; the value range of the diameter a of the spinneret orifice 1 is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.1 mm; the value range of the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.45mm plus or minus 0.2mm; the horizontal distance c between the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 is 3mm plus or minus 3mm; the value range of the outlet width d of the second air flow channel 5 is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.15mm; the vertical distance e between the nozzle position of the spinneret orifice 1 and the air flow port in the middle of the two nozzle edge blocks 4 is 2mm plus or minus 1mm; wherein, the included angle of the air flow is the included angle of the air flow ejected by the air flow channel parts which are oppositely arranged at the two sides of the nozzle middle block 2.
The explosion diagram of the melt-blowing die used in this example is shown in fig. 4, in which a spacer 9 is additionally added, the spacer 9 has the function of adjusting the width of the first air flow channel 3, the melt polymer is transferred to the component 8 through the screw rod and then into the nozzle center block 2, finally extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and the air flow enters through the air compression air inflow port 7, and when the explosion diagram is fixed, the air flow is ejected through the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 at the same time; the cross-sectional view of the nozzle block is shown in fig. 5, which clearly shows the shape and structure of the second air flow channel 5, so as to facilitate understanding of the state of the air flow flowing in from the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5.
Second type of embodiment
The second air flow channel 5 is designed gradually, as shown in fig. 6, the included angle θ of the first air flow channel 3 and the wall angle β of the second air flow channel 5 near the spinneret orifice 1 are fixed, the wall angle γ of the other end of the second air flow channel 5 is adjusted, at this time, the second air flow channel 5 forms a channel with gradually reduced or gradually enlarged width due to the different angles β and γ, the speed of the air flow in the second air flow channel 5 can be changed according to the formula of the flow and the sectional area, and the air flow supply can be more stable when the volume of the air cavity is increased, which is beneficial to the stability of the air flow of the secondarily drawn fibers, and the uniformity of the prepared fibers is improved.
Third type of embodiment
In the first type of embodiment, a third airflow channel 6 is added inside the nozzle edge block 4, as shown in fig. 7, the airflow angle η of the third airflow channel 6 is smaller than the angle β of the second airflow channel 5, and the airflow passing through the third airflow channel 6 will further draft the secondary draft airflow, and expand the thermal insulation area range of the airflow, so as to further attenuate the fiber size to a certain extent.
Fourth type of embodiment
On the basis of the first type of embodiment, a newly designed external nozzle device (comprising a first external nozzle assembly 12 or a second external nozzle assembly 13) is added, as shown in fig. 8, the first external nozzle assembly 12 is symmetrically arranged on a nozzle edge block 4 beside a second airflow channel 5 and tightly attached to the nozzle edge block 4, after airflow is ejected from the second airflow channel 5 and collides with main airflow, part of the airflow forms turbulence to dissipate energy, and the external nozzle has the function of further converging coupling airflow and reducing dissipation, so that more energy is concentrated on speed attenuation, temperature attenuation is slow, and nanofiber is beneficial to formation; by modifying the outer nozzle assembly, as shown in FIG. 9, the air chamber of the air outlet creates a faster decay, which further increases the centerline air velocity, which is beneficial for the overall fiber size decay.
Classification based on the above embodiment types, specifically, the following embodiments are also included;
example 1:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 255℃and the gas pressure was 250kPa, the gas initial temperature was 255 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two more symmetrical streams in the side block was 689.5 nm under the above conditions, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two more symmetrical streams in the side block was 1.732 um under the same conditions. From this, it was found that the fiber diameter was reduced by 60.1% from the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 2:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 265 ℃, the gas pressure was 250kPa, and the gas initial temperature was 265 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 612.7 nm under the above conditions, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 1.668 um under the same conditions. As a result, the fiber diameter was reduced by 63.2% compared with the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 3:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 250kPa, the gas initial temperature was 275 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the melt-blowing nozzle structure with the two more symmetrical air flows in the side block under the above conditions was 447.2 nm, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the melt-blowing nozzle structure without the two more symmetrical air flows in the side block under the same conditions was 1.459 um. As a result, the fiber diameter was reduced by 69% from the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 4:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 255℃and the gas pressure was 200kPa, the gas initial temperature was 255 ℃.
The average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 1.4598 um, while the average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 2.2768 um. From this, the fiber diameter is reduced by 35.88% compared with the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows are arranged in the nozzle edge block 4.
Example 5:
is a first type of embodiment; for the first type of embodiment:
the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 265 ℃, the gas pressure was 200kPa, and the gas initial temperature was 265 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two more symmetrical streams in the side block was 1.480 um, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical streams in the side block was 2.0634 um. From this, it was found that the fiber diameter was reduced by 28.2% from the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 6:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 200kPa, the gas initial temperature was 275 ℃.
The average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 848.36 nm, while the average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 1.4515 um. As a result, the fiber diameter was reduced by 41.5% compared with the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 7:
is a first type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 400kPa, the gas initial temperature was 280 ℃.
The average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 178.27 nm, while the average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 1.0247 um. As can be seen, the fiber diameter is reduced by 82.6% compared with the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows are arranged in the nozzle edge block 4.
Example 8:
is a second type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the left wall air flow included angle beta of the second air flow channel 5 is 45 degrees, the right wall air flow included angle gamma is 30 degrees, the transverse distance c between the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 is 3mm, and the outlet width d of the second air flow channel 5 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 250kPa, the gas initial temperature was 275 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two more symmetrical streams in the side block was 0.496 um, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical streams in the side block was 1.274 um. As a result, the fiber diameter was reduced by 61.1% from the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
Example 9:
is a third type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air flow included angle of the second air flow channel 5 is 45 degrees, the air flow included angle of the third air flow channel 6 is 30 degrees, the transverse distance c between the first air flow channel 3 and the second air flow channel 5 is 3mm, the transverse distance f between the second air flow channel 5 and the third air flow channel 6 is 5mm, the outlet width d of the second air flow channel 5 is 0.35mm, and the outlet width g of the third air flow channel 6 is 0.35 mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 250kPa, the gas initial temperature was 275 ℃.
The average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two more symmetrical streams in the side block was 0.322 um, while the average diameter of the fibers produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical streams in the side block was 1.238 um. From this, the fiber diameter is reduced by 74.00% compared with the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows are arranged in the nozzle edge block 4.
Example 10:
is a fourth type of embodiment; the melt is extruded from the spinneret orifice 1, and a high-speed and high-temperature gas is ejected from the first gas flow channel 3, and the melt extruded from the spinneret orifice 1 is stretched.
In this embodiment, the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel 3 is 60 °, the diameter a of the spinneret hole 1 is 0.35mm, the channel width b of the first air flow channel 3 is 0.35mm, and the vertical distance e between the nozzle middle block 2 and the nozzle side block 4 is 2mm.
Wherein, the air current contained angle of second air current passageway 5 is 45, and horizontal distance c between first air current passageway 3 and the second air current passageway 5 is 3mm, and the export width d of second air current passageway 5 is 0.35 mm.
The outlet width h of the second external nozzle assembly 13 is 4.3 mm, the height j is 25mm, the outlet included angle ψ is 35 degrees, the upper opening width m of the second external nozzle assembly is 5mm, and the lower opening width n is 12mm.
In this example, the melt was polypropylene, the screw extrusion rate was 100r/min, the initial temperature was 275℃and the gas pressure was 250kPa, the gas initial temperature was 275 ℃.
The average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure with the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 288.2 nm under the above conditions, while the average diameter of the fiber produced by the meltblown nozzle structure without the two symmetrical air streams in the side block was 1.319 um under the same conditions. As a result, the fiber diameter was reduced by 78.15% from the original fiber diameter after two symmetrical air flows were provided in the nozzle block 4.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The air flow self-coupling melt-blowing die head for the nanofiber preparation device is characterized by comprising a nozzle middle block and a receiving screw extrusion melt assembly, wherein first threaded holes are formed in four corners of the nozzle middle block and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly, and the receiving screw extrusion melt assembly is fixedly connected to the back of the nozzle middle block through the first threaded holes and connecting bolts; one side of the nozzle middle block is fixedly connected with an air compressed gas inflow port; a nozzle edge block is arranged on one side of the nozzle middle block, which is opposite to the melt extrusion component of the receiving screw, a second threaded hole is formed in the edge positions of the nozzle edge block and the nozzle middle block, and the nozzle edge block is fixedly connected with the nozzle middle block through the second threaded hole and a connecting bolt; the nozzle comprises a nozzle middle block, a nozzle edge block, a first air flow channel, a gasket, a second air flow channel, a first air flow channel and a second air flow channel, wherein the nozzle middle block is internally provided with a spinneret orifice; a second airflow channel is arranged in the nozzle edge block;
the bottom of the nozzle edge block is fixedly provided with a first external nozzle assembly or a second external nozzle assembly; the first air flow and the second air flow sprayed out of the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel are used for stretching melt fibers, the second air flow and the first air flow are self-coupled and a high-temperature heat preservation area is generated for a cladding area in the middle of the second air flow and the first air flow, so that the solidification speed of the melt fibers after the melt fibers are sprayed out of the spinneret holes can be greatly slowed down, the self-coupling of the second air flow and the first air flow can be used for stretching the melt fibers more fully, and the fineness attenuation of the melt fibers is more severe;
the number of the nozzle edge blocks is 2, and the nozzle edge blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the nozzle middle block;
the value range of the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.2mm;
the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel are inclined channels which incline towards the spinneret orifices along the airflow direction;
the value range of the air flow included angle of the first air flow channel is 60 degrees+/-15 degrees, and the value range of the air flow included angle of the second air flow channel is 45 degrees+/-30 degrees;
the value range of the width of the first air flow channel is 0.45mm plus or minus 0.2mm, and the value range of the width of the second air flow channel is 0.35mm plus or minus 0.15mm;
the vertical distance between the nozzle middle block and the nozzle edge block is 2mm plus or minus 1mm, the horizontal distance between the spinneret orifice and the first air flow channel is 1mm plus or minus 0.1mm, and the horizontal distance between the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel is 3mm plus or minus 3mm;
the outlet widths of the first external nozzle assembly and the second external nozzle assembly are 3.7mm plus or minus 0.5mm, and the height ranges from 30mm plus or minus 15mm; the outlet angle range of the first external nozzle assembly is 65 degrees plus or minus 5 degrees, and the outlet angle range of the second external nozzle assembly is 35 degrees plus or minus 15 degrees; the width range of the upper opening of the second external nozzle assembly is 5mm plus or minus 5mm, and the width range of the lower opening of the second external nozzle assembly is 12mm plus or minus 5mm;
the included angle theta of the first air flow channel and the wall angle beta of the second air flow channel close to the spinneret orifice are used for adjusting the wall angle gamma of the other end of the second air flow channel, and at the moment, the second air flow channel forms a channel with gradually reduced or gradually enlarged width due to the different angles beta and gamma, the speed of the air flow in the second air flow channel can be changed according to the design of the formula of the flow and the sectional area, and the air flow supply is more stable when the volume of the air cavity is increased, thereby being beneficial to the stability of the air flow of the secondary drafting fiber and improving the uniformity of the prepared fiber thickness;
the bottom of the nozzle edge block is also connected with an external nozzle component, the self-coupling air flow can be well drafted further, the speed of the air flow center line is increased, the fiber fineness attenuation rate is further accelerated in a limited distance, turbulent dissipation of surrounding air flows during self-coupling of a plurality of air flows is reduced, after the air flows are ejected from a second air flow channel and collide with main air flows, the feedback coupling air flow can rebound on the wall surface of the external nozzle, and the external nozzle can have traction effects of different degrees by carrying out different designs on the inner wall of the external nozzle.
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