CN114455784A - Online direct drainage treatment method and treatment equipment for fecal sewage in vehicle-mounted toilet of high-speed rail motor train unit - Google Patents
Online direct drainage treatment method and treatment equipment for fecal sewage in vehicle-mounted toilet of high-speed rail motor train unit Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D35/00—Sanitation
- B61D35/005—Toilet facilities
- B61D35/007—Toilet facilities comprising toilet waste receiving, treatment, storage, disposal or removal devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/586—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds by removing ammoniacal nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/001—Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of high-speed rail equipment vehicle-mounted toilet water treatment equipment, in particular to a method and equipment for treating fecal sewage in a vehicle-mounted toilet of a high-speed rail motor train unit through online direct drainage. The device aims to solve the problems that the online treatment equipment for the fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet in the high-speed rail motor train unit is short in treatment time, limited in space and high in treatment standard. The invention comprises the process flows of crushing, flocculation, solid-liquid separation, electrocatalysis, biological deodorization and the like. The most outstanding advantages of the invention are: the flocculation effect is achieved by ion replacement of organic matters in sewage through internal micropores of volcanic rocks, the organic matters in excrement are flocculated through the ion replacement, new solid waste is not generated, the treatment efficiency is high, and the organic matter degradation pretreatment rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-speed rail equipment vehicle-mounted toilet water treatment equipment, in particular to a method and equipment for treating fecal sewage in a vehicle-mounted toilet of a high-speed rail motor train unit through online direct drainage.
Background
At present, the development of the technical field of domestic and international sewage treatment still is a research subject with certain difficulty in human excrement water treatment, the on-line treatment of the excrement water in the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit is focused, and the research departments of many domestic enterprises, universities and colleges are in the research of organizational technical attack and subject, and face the following big problems and bottlenecks in several aspects:
1. the processing mode is limited by processing time and processing space, the time requirement is controlled within 18 hours, the total space size L S H of the design of processing equipment is required to be controlled within the range of 2.9m 0.8m 0.48m in the high-speed rail and motor train unit vehicle-mounted toilet, the conventional processing technology in China cannot be guaranteed in time and space at all, and a new technical breakthrough point needs to be searched.
2. The second difficulty of fecal water treatment in the toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit belongs to unconventional quality of life water with high concentration and difficult degradation, and passengers sitting on the high-speed rail mostly have a short distance of several hours, have much urine and little stool, and in addition, the toilet adopts a vacuum excrement collector, and the single water quantity for flushing the toilet is very little, so that the excrement collector collects several main examination indexes in the raw water in the sewage tank, wherein: the COD is as high as 9000-14000mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen is 2000-3000mg/L, which brings great difficulty to the biochemical treatment.
3. At present, the electrochemical treatment process such as electrocatalysis adopted in China has certain development, the technology is mature day by day, but the process also faces and exists: two difficulties: firstly, the power consumption of the electro-catalytic treatment equipment is increased by the fecal water with high concentration, the higher the concentration of the water is, the higher the power consumption of the treatment is, the higher the power of the treatment equipment is, and the configuration size of the treatment equipment is large. Secondly, the plate electrode of electro-catalysis equipment adopts titanium alloy material to add the coating, because impurity such as the tiny granule of suspended solid in the sewage, very easily adsorb on the polar plate top layer under the effect of electrode, can influence and reduce the electric conductivity of polar plate and reduce electro-catalysis treatment's efficiency, therefore electro-catalysis equipment's polar plate requires very high to the cleanliness factor of faecal water, there is the technical development team in China to adopt the filter core to filter the scheme of doing the preliminary treatment, not only can cause the jam regularly, adopt the back flush also can greatly increased the cost of manufacture of filter core, the inefficiency, and need have the regular maintenance of special person, do not have at present to be fit for the mature application on the preliminary treatment of faecal water in the on-vehicle bathroom of high-speed railway EMUs.
4. The microbial treatment technology cannot be realized in a short time, and is obviously not suitable for the pretreatment of the fecal water in the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed railway motor train unit.
5. The conventional chemical flocculants such as PAC polyaluminium chloride in China can only flocculate suspended matters and a small part of organic matters insoluble in water, the effect of reducing the treatment power consumption by electrocatalysis treatment is not obvious, and new harmful solid wastes can be formed by participating in chemical reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the treatment technology of the problems, the invention provides a brand new technical treatment process route, and tests show that after most of suspended matters in the excrement and urine are separated through physical flocculation pretreatment, the invention not only provides good water inlet conditions for electrocatalysis treatment, but also separates most of organic matters through physical flocculation, thereby greatly reducing the load pressure of the electrocatalysis treatment. Through the subsequent deepening treatment of electrocatalysis, the water discharge standard specified by the state can be completely achieved, and the later maintenance cost of electrocatalysis equipment is further reduced. Can become one of the technical process equipment with popularization and commercial application in the current domestic and international environmental protection industries.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows: an online direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage in a vehicle-mounted toilet of a high-speed rail motor train unit is designed.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: excrement water in a vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed railway motor train unit is firstly sucked into a treatment tank under the negative pressure action of a vacuum tank connected with a vacuum excrement collector, a speed-regulating variable frequency motor above the treatment tank is started to rotate at a high speed of more than 12000 r/min, the rotation time is less than 1 minute, and then granular blocks in the excrement are subjected to high-speed rotary cutting and crushing through an alloy blade arranged on a shaft rod to form excrement mixed water A in a rotational flow state;
(2) flocculation: flocculation: aiming at the finely-divided excrement mixed water A after rotary cutting, the rotating speed of a speed-regulating variable frequency motor is reduced to be less than 1200 revolutions per minute through frequency modulation, the excrement mixed water B is formed under the action of stirring force of a stirring rod, then a volcanic mineral flocculating agent is added into the excrement mixed water B for physical flocculation, suspended matters and most of water-soluble organic matters in an excrement water solution are separated, the COD adsorption rate in the excrement water reaches over 65-70 percent, and the excrement mixed water C is formed, wherein the adopted volcanic mineral flocculating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises 40 to 60 portions of acid volcanic rock, 5 to 20 portions of pumice, 10 to 30 portions of volcanic ash and 6 to 25 portions of fine grains with different magma, the feeding volume during flocculation is 0.5 percent of each cubic sewage, and the acting time is 0.5 to 3 minutes. The material has the characteristics of strong water and fertilizer retention and easy moss growth, and belongs to a soil material for desert greening. The inorganic compound is partially dissolved out in water to play a role in oxidation catalysis, so that suspended particles and water-soluble metal substances dissolved in water are adsorbed, pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like can be subjected to efficient ion exchange, water-soluble organic matters are converted into insoluble organic matters, and the insoluble organic matters are concentrated into solidified bodies so as to finish removal from the water. The separated and condensed sludge is easy to solidify (forms larger floccules and has strong dewatering performance). The dosage of each cubic of sewage is 0.5 percent during flocculation, and the acting time is 0.5 to 3 minutes. The mineral flocculant material is sourced from craters domestically, the consumption of the mineral flocculant material is reduced by 50 percent compared with the conventional domestic flocculant PAC (polyaluminium chloride), and the mineral flocculant material is harmless to people and livestock;
(3) solid-liquid separation: the excrement mixed water C passes through a mesh filtration type secondary solid-liquid separation device with the diameter less than 1mm and a filtration type with 120-170 meshes, and simultaneously, the flocculated liquid excrement and urine water is pumped out by utilizing negative pressure suction generated by a vacuum pump, and solid flocculent mud is isolated into a filtration cloth bag for storage;
(4) biological deodorization: QS1 microbial composite bacteria agent is sprayed into the solid flocculent sludge, the spraying amount is less than 10% of the treatment amount according to the spraying weight, and organic matters in the solid flocculent sludge are further sterilized and deodorized under the anaerobic state.
QS1 biological bacteria is a novel bacillus subtilis, has strong decomposition property on macromolecular organic matters, and can reduce nitrate and nitrite in water; decomposing organic matters such as residual bait, excrement and the like in water, cleaning garbage particles in water and removing odor. QS1 also has effects of inhibiting and killing pathogenic bacteria, and enhancing beneficial bacteria flora. QS1 has strong tolerance, salt resistance and acid resistance, and can resist 120 ℃ high temperature within 20 minutes. The sequencing of the identified strains and genes by the Chinese academy of microorganisms completed the national strain preservation program in the Chinese academy of microorganisms.
And (5) at least two stages of electrocatalysis treatment are also included after the step.
The online direct drainage treatment equipment for the fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit is connected with and suspended in a cuboid shell below the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit through a vehicle body, and comprises a vacuum tank, a crushing and flocculating device, a solid-liquid separation device and a biological deodorization device which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the crushing flocculation mechanism comprises a physical flocculation tank, wherein a stirring cutting blade driven by a variable frequency motor is arranged in the physical flocculation tank, and an automatic dosing mechanism is arranged above the physical flocculation tank; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a primary solid-liquid separation tank, and a filter screen with meshes smaller than 1mm is arranged in the primary solid-liquid separation tank; the biological deodorization device comprises a tail end solid-liquid separation box, and a microbial inoculum spraying device is arranged on the tail end solid-liquid separation box; vacuum pumps are respectively arranged between the vacuum tank and the physical flocculation tank, between the physical flocculation tank and the primary solid-liquid separation tank, and between the primary solid-liquid separation tank and the tail end solid-liquid separation tank.
The automatic medicine feeding part comprises a sealing hopper and a square cavity moving sliding block, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the cavity moving sliding block, a gear rack of a rotating motor is installed on one side of the cavity moving sliding block, positioning baffles matched with the cavity moving sliding block are arranged on four corresponding side faces of the cavity moving sliding block, the rotating motor rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear rack moves back and forth along the four positioning baffles in the axial direction, and the gear rack drives the cavity moving sliding block to move to complete the process of filling and feeding.
The tail end solid-liquid separation box comprises a funnel-shaped shell and a filter screen body, the bottom of the filter screen body is in a pyramid shape with a large bottom and a small top, a rubber sealing strip is arranged between the shell and the filter screen body to form a sealing cavity, the bottom of the sealing cavity is communicated with a vacuum pump, filter cloth with 120 meshes and 170 meshes is arranged in the filter screen, sludge mixed water in the filter cloth of the filter screen is sucked by the vacuum pump, and sludge is stored in the filter cloth after the sludge mixed water is filtered.
The device also comprises at least two stages of electrocatalytic treatment mechanisms; the electrocatalysis mechanism comprises at least two stages of electrocatalysis equipment, corresponding connecting pipelines, an electrocatalysis equipment circulation water tank and a circulating water pump, and a vacuum pump is arranged between the electrocatalysis circulating water pump and the electrocatalysis equipment outside the electrocatalysis circulating water tank, the primary solid-liquid separation device/the tail end solid-liquid separation device and the electrocatalysis equipment.
An upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor are arranged in the physical flocculation tank, so that the automatic control of the motion states of the excrement water inlet and the excrement water outlet and the stirring rod is completed.
Electric valves are arranged on pipelines among the vacuum tank, the crushing and flocculating device, the solid-liquid separation device and the biological treatment device, and opening and closing switches of the electric valves are connected with a PLC control system which is remotely connected and controls the opening and closing of the electric valves through circuits.
The microbial inoculum spraying mechanism comprises a water pump and an annular end water outlet nozzle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the design of the variable frequency motor can automatically put in flocculant materials according to an electric control system, and the excrement mixed water is physically flocculated under the action of stirring force of the stirring rod, so that most suspended matters and water-soluble organic matters are flocculated;
2. according to the invention, the most outstanding characteristics and technical advantages of the mineral flocculant are adopted, the volcanic mineral is firstly proposed to be adopted as the flocculant for treating the excrement, suspended matters and fine particles in water can be flocculated out within 3 minutes, and most of water-soluble organic matters can be flocculated out, after repeated repeatability tests and detections, after high-concentration excrement water in a toilet of a railway high-speed railway motor train unit is subjected to flocculation treatment by the mineral flocculant, the COD reduction rate in the sewage is 65-70%, the highest COD reduction rate can reach 77-82%, the ammonia nitrogen reduction rate is 20-25%, the reduction rate of SS of the suspended matters is more than 90-95%, and the water quality transparency is high;
3. the pure natural volcanic mineral flocculant is one of the best materials in the application field of environmental protection at home and abroad, the flocculation process belongs to the physical process, the flocculation effect is achieved through ion exchange between the mineral flocculant and organic matters in sewage through internal micropores of volcanic, the mineral flocculant is a pure natural soil conditioner, the organic matters in excrement are flocculated out through ion replacement without generating new solid waste, which is not achieved by chemical flocculants such as PAC polyaluminium chloride commonly used at home, the chemical flocculants can only flocculate suspended matters in water generally, and new solid waste is generated through chemical reaction. The indexes of water quality and organic matters after flocculation by the mineral flocculant are only about 30 percent of that of raw water, so that the excellent water inlet condition is provided for electrocatalysis treatment, and the power consumption and the treatment time of electrocatalysis treatment are greatly improved due to the fact that the water quality concentration is greatly reduced. Because the pure natural mineral flocculant is very small in dosage (2.5-4 per thousand), solid-liquid mud generated after flocculation is very little, and the mud storage amount after solid-liquid separation and dehydration is only 2-3% of the treatment amount, the residual mud after the treatment of the excrement water of the toilet of the railway high-speed railway motor train unit can be ensured to be stored in the box body for more than 10-15 days, and the management requirement of daily operation equipment maintenance of the high-speed railway motor train unit can be basically met. Thereby realizing the treatment period and the treatment capacity specified in the requirements of the online treatment of the fecal water in the toilet of the railway high-speed rail motor train unit;
4. in the solid-liquid separation process, a mesh plate with the size less than 1mm is used as a filter screen grate, solid mud is isolated below the filter screen grate and is pumped and conveyed into a tail end solid-liquid separation box. The water flows out through the pipe orifice at the upper part of the filter screen and is conveyed into the electro-catalytic equipment through the vacuum pump. And the sludge mixed water entering the tail end solid-liquid separation box is pumped by the vacuum pump under the action of the filter cloth filter screen with the filter cloth of 120 meshes and 170 meshes, the sludge is stored in the filter cloth, the water is filtered by the filter cloth and flows out from the pipe orifice at the lower part, and then is conveyed into the electro-catalysis equipment through the vacuum pump, and is further deeply treated by the electro-catalysis equipment until the sludge mixed water reaches the national standard of dischargeable water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an electrocatalytic device in another configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an electrocatalytic device in another configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the exhaust system of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart; names of components in the drawings: 1. an automatic medication dosing device; 2. a physical flocculation tank; 3. a vacuum sewage suction pump; 4. an electric ball valve; 5. a primary solid-liquid separation tank; 6. a sludge filter tank; 7. a tail end solid-liquid separation box; 8. a sterilization and deodorization device; 9. a microbial inoculum spraying device; 10. hanging; 11. a microbial inoculum kettle; 12. a vacuum tank; 13. an inlet of a sewage suction pipe; 14. a vacuum suction port; 15. an electric cabinet; 16. a one-way check valve; 17. a secondary electrocatalytic device; 18. an electrocatalytic water intake suction vacuum pump; 19. a primary electrocatalytic device; 20. a standard water discharge port; 21. a primary electrocatalytic device power supply; 22. a secondary electrocatalytic device power supply; 23. an electrocatalysis water circulation turnover box; 24. a speed-regulating stirring motor; 25. a stirring cutting blade; 26. electrocatalysis circulating water pump.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
An online direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage in a vehicle-mounted toilet of a high-speed rail motor train unit is disclosed, and comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: excrement water in a vehicle-mounted toilet of the railway motor train unit is firstly sucked into a treatment tank through a vacuum pump, a speed-regulating variable frequency motor above the treatment tank rotates at a high speed of more than 12000 r/min for less than 1 minute, and then granular blocks in the excrement are subjected to high-speed rotary cutting and crushing through alloy blades on a shaft rod to form excrement mixed water A in a rotational flow state;
(2) flocculation: flocculation: aiming at the finely-divided excrement mixed water A after rotary cutting, the rotating speed of a speed-regulating variable frequency motor is reduced to be less than 1200 revolutions per minute through frequency modulation, the excrement mixed water B is formed under the action of stirring force of a stirring rod, then a volcanic mineral flocculating agent is added into the excrement mixed water B for physical flocculation, suspended matters and most of water-soluble organic matters in an excrement water solution are separated, the COD adsorption rate in the excrement water reaches over 65-70 percent, and the excrement mixed water C is formed, wherein the adopted volcanic mineral flocculating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises 40 to 60 parts of acid volcanic rock, 5 to 20 parts of pumice, 10 to 30 parts of volcanic ash and 6 to 25 parts of fine grains with different magma, the feeding volume during flocculation is 0.5 percent of each cubic sewage, and the acting time is 0.5 to 3 minutes;
(3) solid-liquid separation: the excrement mixed water C passes through a mesh filtration type and filter cloth filtration type two-stage solid-liquid separation device, and is sucked by negative pressure generated by a vacuum pump, so that flocculated liquid excrement and urine water is sucked out, and solid flocculent mud is isolated into a filter cloth bag for storage;
(4) biological treatment: QS1 microbial agent is sprayed into the solid flocculent mud, the spraying amount is less than 10% of the treatment amount according to the spraying weight, and organic matters in the solid flocculent mud are further sterilized and deodorized under the anaerobic state.
In this embodiment, step (5) is followed by at least two stages of electrocatalytic treatment. Further purification of the wastewater at this stage is achieved.
The COD adsorption rate of the fecal water reaches more than 65-70 percent to form fecal mixed water C, and the mineral flocculant comprises 45 parts of volcanic rock, 18 parts of pumice, 25 parts of volcanic ash and 16 parts of fine grains with different magma.
The online direct drainage treatment equipment for the fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit is connected with and suspended in a cuboid shell below the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit through a vehicle body, and comprises a vacuum tank 12, a crushing and flocculating device, a solid-liquid separation device and a biological treatment device which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the crushing flocculation mechanism comprises a physical flocculation tank 2, wherein a stirring cutting blade 25 driven by a variable frequency motor is arranged in the physical flocculation tank 2, and an automatic dosing mechanism is arranged above the physical flocculation tank 2; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a primary solid-liquid separation tank, and a filter screen with meshes smaller than 1mm is arranged in the primary solid-liquid separation tank; the biological treatment device comprises a secondary solid-liquid separation tank, and a microbial inoculum spraying device 9 is arranged on the secondary solid-liquid separation tank; vacuum pumps are respectively arranged between the vacuum tank 12 and the physical flocculation tank 2, between the physical flocculation tank 2 and the primary solid-liquid separation tank, and between the primary solid-liquid separation tank 5 and the tail end solid-liquid separation tank 7.
The automatic medicine feeding part comprises a sealing hopper and a square cavity moving sliding block, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the cavity moving sliding block, a gear rack of a rotating motor is installed on one side of the cavity moving sliding block, positioning baffles matched with the cavity moving sliding block are arranged on four corresponding side faces of the cavity moving sliding block, the rotating motor rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear rack moves back and forth along the four positioning baffles in the axial direction, and the gear rack drives the cavity moving sliding block to move to complete the process of filling and feeding.
The secondary solid-liquid separation tank comprises a funnel-shaped shell and a filter screen body, the bottom of the filter screen body is in a pyramid shape with a large bottom and a small top, a rubber sealing strip is arranged between the shell and the filter screen body to form a sealing cavity, the bottom of the sealing cavity is communicated with a vacuum pump, filter cloth with 120 meshes and 170 meshes is arranged in the filter screen, sludge mixed water in the filter cloth of the filter screen is sucked by the vacuum pump, and sludge is stored in the filter cloth after the sludge mixed water is filtered.
The device also comprises at least two stages of electrocatalytic treatment mechanisms; the electrocatalysis mechanism comprises at least two stages of electrocatalysis equipment, corresponding connecting pipelines, an electrocatalysis equipment circulating water tank and a circulating water pump, and a vacuum pump is arranged between the electrocatalysis circulating water pump 26 which is externally connected with the electrocatalysis water circulating container 23, the primary solid-liquid separation tank/the secondary solid-liquid separation tank and the electrocatalysis equipment.
An upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor are arranged in the physical flocculation tank 2 to finish the automatic control of the motion states of the excrement water inlet and the excrement water outlet and the stirring rod.
Electric valves are arranged on pipelines among the vacuum tank 12, the crushing flocculation device, the solid-liquid separation device and the biological deodorization device, and opening and closing switches of the electric valves are connected with a PLC control system which is remotely connected and controls the opening and closing of the electric valves through circuits.
The microbial inoculum spraying mechanism comprises a water pump and an annular end water outlet nozzle.
In the working process, the vacuum excrement water of the high-speed rail toilet is vacuumized through a vacuum suction port 14 on the vacuum tank 1212 and enters the vacuum tank 12 through a suction pipe inlet 13, which is denoted by 13.
After excrement and urine in the vacuum tank 12 accumulated a certain capacity, the flocculation between the vacuum tank 12 and the physics flocculation vat 2 started the vacuum sewage suction pump 3, and the excrement and urine water in the vacuum tank 12 was sucked out and is advanced into the physics flocculation vat 2, and level sensor is equipped with in order to measure capacity about 2 physics flocculation vats of physics flocculation vat 2 is equipped with, and after the liquid level reached the settlement height, the flocculation between the vacuum tank 12 and the physics flocculation vat 2 started the vacuum sewage suction pump 3 stop work.
And then starting a speed-regulating stirring motor 24 to 12000rpm, and quickly crushing the excrement and the sundries in the physical flocculation tank 2 into paste by a stirring cutting blade 25 on a stirring rod in a high-speed rotation mode within 1 min. The control system automatically reduces the rotating speed of the stirring motor to 1200rpm, and the fecal water forms a swirling flow under the stirring driving of the stirring rod.
After preliminary stirring, starting the automatic dosing device 1, automatically putting a certain amount of flocculating agent into the physical flocculation tank 2 and the physical flocculation tank 2 by the flocculating agent, controlling the stirring time to be 3min by the system, and flocculating all suspended matters in the excrement water to form floccules so as to realize a solid-liquid separation layer.
Then, the speed-regulating stirring motor 24 stops working, the corresponding electric ball valve 4 and the vacuum sewage suction pump 3 are started, and the flocculated excrement solid-liquid separation mixed water in the physical flocculation tank 2 is pumped and conveyed into the primary solid-liquid separation device 5;
and then, after all the mixed water enters the lower cavity of the primary solid-liquid separation device, closing the electric ball valve 4 and the vacuum sewage suction pump 3 at the upper stage, installing a filter screen with the aperture smaller than 1mm in the primary solid-liquid separation box 5, enabling the mixed water in the lower cavity of the solid-liquid separation device, enabling the flocculated and separated water to overflow to the upper cavity through the filter screen and flow out through a water outlet of the upper cavity, and conveying the water into the primary electro-catalysis equipment 19 under the suction action of the corresponding vacuum sewage suction pump 3 in the electro-catalysis box.
After the water in the upper cavity of the solid-liquid separation device is pumped completely, under the pumping action of the other group of vacuum pumps, the solid-liquid separation mixed liquid containing a small amount of water in the lower cavity of the solid-liquid separation device is pumped and conveyed into the tail end solid-liquid separation box 7. The filter screen and the filter cloth are arranged in the tail end solid-liquid separation packing box 7, a semi-sealed space is sealed and isolated between the filter screen and the outer shell body by adopting an adhesive tape, part of water flows into the bottom of the box body through the filter cloth and the filter screen under the action of the self weight of mixed liquid entering the tail end solid-liquid separation device, the semi-sealed space forms a short-time vacuum state under the suction action of a corresponding vacuum suction pump in the electro-catalysis box body, and a small amount of water accumulated in the filter cloth is sucked away through the filter screen and the large part of the filter cloth and is conveyed into the primary electro-catalysis device 19.
And biological treatment is carried out in the tail end solid-liquid separation box 7 at the same time, which is characterized in that a microbial inoculum spraying device 9 is started, flocculent solid mud entering the tail end solid-liquid separation box 7 is subjected to spraying deodorization and sterilization treatment through a water pump and a nozzle ring of the spraying device in a microbial inoculum kettle 11, QS1 microbial inoculum sprayed out of the microbial inoculum kettle 11 further decomposes organic matters in the flocculent solid mud under a facultative state, most of the solid mud is slowly decomposed into carbide and water, carbon dioxide is naturally discharged, and the water enters electro-catalytic equipment again after being filtered by filter cloth. So far, most that the solid-state mud of flocculence remains at last is some difficult crude fiber of degrading, mixes together with the physical flocculating agent, regularly clears up and can regard as fertilizer direct use after coming out, and does not produce any new pollution to the environment, and in this embodiment, volcanic physical flocculating agent itself is fine sudden improvement material.
Finally, after the above steps, the water after solid-liquid separation enters the electro-catalytic device, then enters the secondary electro-catalytic device 17 for treatment after being treated by the primary electro-catalytic device 19, meanwhile, the water enters the circulating water turnover box 23 after passing through the secondary electro-catalytic device 17, and the electro-catalytic water is repeatedly circulated in the secondary electro-catalytic device 17 for a plurality of times by the electro-catalytic circulating water pump 26, so that the retention time of the water in the electro-catalytic device and the capacity of the treated water can be prolonged, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. So far, the water after electrocatalysis treatment overflows through the upper part of the circulating turnover water tank and is discharged after reaching the standard.
The results of multiple tests show that the treatment process related by the invention is a relatively mature online treatment technology application at present. Short flow and high treatment efficiency, and is a set of technical process equipment capable of quickly realizing commercialization and marketization. The invention relates to a method for efficiently removing most suspended matters and organic matters in fecal water by adopting a pure natural mineral flocculant, and then completing fecal water treatment with a designed treatment capacity (550L) within a specified time (18 hours) according to the on-line treatment requirement of the fecal water in the toilet of a novel high-speed rail motor train unit so as to reach the first-level B direct discharge standard of the national urban sewage treatment discharge standard.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An online direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage in a vehicle-mounted toilet of a high-speed rail motor train unit is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: excrement water in a vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed railway motor train unit is firstly sucked into a treatment tank under the negative pressure action of a vacuum tank (12) connected with a vacuum excrement collector, a speed-regulating variable frequency motor above the treatment tank is started to rotate at a high speed of more than 12000 r/min for less than 1 minute, and large particle blocks in the excrement are subjected to high-speed rotary cutting and crushing through an alloy blade arranged on a shaft rod to form excrement mixed water A in a rotational flow state;
(2) flocculation: aiming at the finely-cut excrement mixed water A after rotary cutting, reducing the rotating speed of a speed-regulating variable frequency motor to be less than 1200 revolutions per minute through frequency modulation, forming excrement mixed water B under the action of stirring force of a stirring rod, adding a volcanic mineral flocculant into the excrement mixed water B for physical flocculation, separating out suspended matters and most of water-soluble organic matters in an excrement water solution, realizing that the COD adsorption rate in the excrement water reaches over 65-70 percent, forming excrement mixed water C, wherein the feeding volume during flocculation is 0.5 percent of each cubic sewage, and the acting time is 0.5-3 minutes;
(3) solid-liquid separation: the excrement mixed water C passes through a mesh filter type of less than 1mm and a 120-mesh and 170-mesh filter cloth filter type secondary solid-liquid separation device, and simultaneously is sucked by negative pressure generated by a vacuum pump to suck out flocculated liquid excrement and urine water, and solid flocculent mud is isolated into the filter cloth bags for storage;
(4) biological deodorization: QS1 microbial composite microbial inoculum is sprayed in the solid flocculent sludge, the spraying amount is less than 10 percent of the treatment amount according to the spraying weight, and the organic matters in the solid flocculent sludge are further sterilized and deodorized under the non-pure anaerobic state.
2. The on-line direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volcanic mineral flocculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: comprises 40 to 60 portions of acid volcanic rock, 5 to 20 portions of pumice, 10 to 30 portions of volcanic ash and 6 to 25 portions of fine crystalline with different magma.
3. The on-line direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) at least two stages of electrocatalysis treatment processes are included after the step.
4. The online direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicular toilet of the high-speed railway motor train unit according to claim 1, which uses the online direct drainage treatment method for fecal sewage of the vehicular toilet of the high-speed railway motor train unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the device is connected with and suspended in a cuboid shell below a vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit through a vehicle body, and comprises a vacuum tank (12), a crushing and flocculating device, a solid-liquid separation device and a biological deodorization device which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the crushing flocculation mechanism comprises a physical flocculation tank (2), wherein a stirring cutting blade (25) driven by a variable frequency motor is arranged in the physical flocculation tank (2), and an automatic dosing mechanism is arranged above the physical flocculation tank (2); the solid-liquid separation device comprises a primary solid-liquid separation box (5), and a filtering screen with meshes smaller than 1mm is arranged in the primary solid-liquid separation box (5); the biological treatment device comprises a tail end solid-liquid separation box (7), and a microbial inoculum spraying device (9) is arranged on the tail end solid-liquid separation box (7); vacuum pumps are respectively arranged between the vacuum tank (12) and the physical flocculation tank (2), between the physical flocculation tank (2) and the primary solid-liquid separation tank (5), and between the primary solid-liquid separation tank (5) and the tail end solid-liquid separation tank (7).
5. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: the automatic medicine feeding part comprises a sealing hopper and a square cavity moving sliding block, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the cavity moving sliding block, a gear rack of a rotating motor is installed on one side of the cavity moving sliding block, positioning baffles matched with the cavity moving sliding block are arranged on four corresponding side faces of the cavity moving sliding block, the rotating motor rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear rack moves back and forth along the four positioning baffles in the axial direction, and the gear rack drives the cavity moving sliding block to move to complete the process of filling and feeding.
6. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the tail end solid-liquid separation box (7) comprises a shell with a funnel-shaped bottom and a filter screen body with a pyramid-shaped bottom, wherein the filter screen body is large at the bottom and small at the top, a rubber sealing strip is arranged between the shell and the filter screen body to form a sealing cavity, the bottom of the sealing cavity is communicated with a vacuum pump, filter cloth with 120 meshes and 170 meshes is arranged in the filter screen, sludge mixed water in the filter cloth of the filter screen is sucked by the vacuum pump, and sludge is stored in the filter cloth after the sludge mixed water is filtered.
7. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: the device also comprises at least two stages of electrocatalysis treatment mechanisms; the electrocatalysis mechanism comprises at least two stages of electrocatalysis equipment, corresponding connecting pipelines, an electrocatalysis equipment circulation turnover water tank and a circulating water pump, and a vacuum pump is arranged between the electrocatalysis circulating water pump (26) which is externally connected with the electrocatalysis water circulation turnover box (23), the primary solid-liquid separation tank/the secondary solid-liquid separation tank and the electrocatalysis equipment.
8. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor are arranged in the physical flocculation tank (2) to finish the automatic control of the motion states of the excrement water inlet and the excrement water outlet and the stirring rod.
9. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: electric valves are arranged on pipelines communicated with the vacuum tank (12), the crushing flocculation device, the solid-liquid separation device and the biological deodorization device, and opening and closing switches of the electric valves are connected with a PLC control system for remotely controlling the opening and closing of the electric valves through circuits.
10. The on-line direct drainage treatment equipment for fecal sewage of the vehicle-mounted toilet of the high-speed rail motor train unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: the microbial inoculum spraying mechanism comprises a water pump and an annular end water outlet nozzle.
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