CN114455467A - Tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system - Google Patents
Tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114455467A CN114455467A CN202210364746.5A CN202210364746A CN114455467A CN 114455467 A CN114455467 A CN 114455467A CN 202210364746 A CN202210364746 A CN 202210364746A CN 114455467 A CN114455467 A CN 114455467A
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- steel wire
- wire rope
- early warning
- acquisition unit
- hoisting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C15/00—Safety gear
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
A tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system comprises a steel wire rope tension acquisition unit, a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires weight information of a hoisted heavy object in real time and converts the weight information into a steel wire rope tension value F, the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit acquires reel rotation parameters in real time and converts the reel rotation parameters into a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value V, more than two steel wire rope tension value early warning levels and more than two steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning levels are set through the control unit, image information of the hoisted heavy object is acquired through the image acquisition unit after the steel wire rope tension value is acquired through the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit, image information of the hoisted heavy object sent by the image acquisition unit is received through the control unit, the type and the posture of the hoisted heavy object are identified and compared with prestored information of the system, and the steel wire rope tension value early warning level and the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning level are adjusted according to a comparison result, and dangerous operation is identified, and production safety is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crane safety control, in particular to a hoisting mechanism early warning system of a tower crane.
Background
The transmission chain of the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a winding drum, a pulley and a steel wire rope, and the common problems in use are as follows: the tower crane overturns due to the fact that the steel wire rope is broken or overloaded when the tower crane is lifted to be overweight; the wire rope has disorder. The two risks can be pre-warned generally by presetting certain recognition conditions, for example, by monitoring the tension and/or the winding and unwinding speed of the steel wire rope in real time, and determining whether the steel wire rope is in a safe operation range, specifically, when setting a safe warning threshold for the tension and/or the winding and unwinding speed of the steel wire rope, a conservative principle needs to be adopted in order to ensure safety as much as possible, the warning threshold has a certain deviation from a limit value at which safety risks may actually occur, in this case, no matter whether the warning threshold is classified, an operator ignores the warning of a specific level in order to complete a current hoisting action when operating equipment under the condition of knowing the rule, and thus related warning programs cannot achieve the intended warning purpose.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an early warning system for a hoisting mechanism of a tower crane, which adjusts the early warning level by strengthening the early warning condition in the general early warning program of the risk of overload or rope disorder of a steel wire rope, and simultaneously identifies various nonstandard and dangerous operation states to ensure the production safety.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system comprises a steel wire rope tension acquisition unit, a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires weight information of a hoisted weight in real time and converts the weight information into a steel wire rope tension value F, the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit acquires drum rotation parameters in real time and converts the drum rotation parameters into a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value V, more than two steel wire rope tension value early warning levels and more than two steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning levels are set through the control unit, each steel wire rope tension value early warning level corresponds to an early warning tension threshold value Fy, each steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning level corresponds to an early warning speed threshold value Vy, the early warning system further comprises an image acquisition unit, the image acquisition unit acquires image information of the hoisted weight after the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value, the control unit receives the image information of the lifted weight sent by the image acquisition unit, identifies the type and the lifting posture of the lifted weight, compares the type and the lifting posture with the prestored information of the system, and adjusts the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the take-up and pay-off speed value of the steel wire rope according to the comparison result.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the early warning levels of the tension value of the steel wire rope at least comprise three levels of low, medium and high, and respectively correspond to early warning tension thresholds Fy1, Fy2 and Fy3, and the early warning levels of the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope at least comprise three levels of low, medium and high, and respectively correspond to early warning speed thresholds Vy1, Vy2 and Vy 3.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the pre-stored information of the system comprises pre-stored hoisting weight type information according to the construction site operation type and hoisting attitude information matched with the hoisting weight type.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the hoisting attitude information comprises standard operation hoisting attitude information and non-standard operation hoisting attitude information.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the pre-stored hoisting weight type information and the hoisting attitude information matched with the hoisting weight type are assigned, so that the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope are influenced quantitatively.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the assignment mode is that the scale factor k is introduced for assignment.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope are distinguished through acousto-optic alarms in different degrees.
According to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires the stable steel wire rope tension value and judges that the tension value stops changing and is stable for a period of time T in the hoisting process.
The invention can obtain the following technical effects:
according to the early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane, the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring the image information of a lifted weight after the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value, the control unit is used for receiving the image information of the lifted weight sent by the image acquisition unit, identifying the type and the lifting posture of the lifted weight, comparing the type and the lifting posture with the pre-stored information of the system, and adjusting the early warning level of the steel wire rope tension value and the early warning level of the steel wire rope take-up and pay-off speed value according to the comparison result, so that in a general early warning program of steel wire rope overload or rope disorder risk, the early warning level is adjusted by strengthening early warning conditions, various nonstandard and dangerous operation states can be identified, and production safety is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hoisting mechanism early warning system of a tower crane provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of early warning level transition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a hoisting mechanism early warning system of a tower crane, which includes a steel wire rope tension collecting unit, a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed collecting unit, and a control unit.
In this embodiment, the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires the weight information of the lifted weight in real time and converts the weight information into a steel wire rope tension value F.
And the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit acquires winding drum rotation parameters in real time and converts the winding drum rotation parameters into a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value V.
The control unit is used for setting more than two steel wire rope tension value early warning levels and more than two steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning levels, each steel wire rope tension value early warning level corresponds to one early warning tension threshold Fy, and each steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning level corresponds to one early warning speed threshold Vy.
As a main improvement of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the early warning system of the hoisting mechanism further comprises an image acquisition unit, wherein the image acquisition unit is used for acquiring image information of the lifted heavy object after the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value, receiving the image information of the lifted heavy object sent by the image acquisition unit through the control unit, identifying the type and the lifting posture of the lifted heavy object, comparing the type and the lifting posture with the information prestored in the system, and adjusting the early warning level of the steel wire rope tension value and the early warning level of the steel wire rope take-up and pay-off speed value according to the comparison result.
The implementation basis of the scheme of the embodiment is that on a common tower crane operation site, the recurrence rate of the types of the heavy objects which are frequently lifted is high, and the lifting postures determined by the lifting and binding modes which are used by operators are relatively stylized, so that the lifting heavy object type information pre-stored according to the operation types of the construction site and the lifting posture information matched with the types of the lifting heavy objects are used as system pre-stored information, a parameter with a larger influence factor can be given to common tension and speed early warning parameters, and the adjustment of the tension value early warning level of the steel wire rope and the winding and unwinding speed value early warning level of the steel wire rope can be timely intervened. For example, the square strapping materials and the super-long rod-shaped materials are defined as different types of hoisting weights, and the probability of rope disorder risk when the crane hoists the square strapping materials and the super-long rod-shaped materials is obviously high and low, so the prestored type information of the hoisting weights can be assigned according to experience to quantitatively influence the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope, the assignment mode is to introduce a scaling factor k for assignment, for example, when the influence factor of a certain one of the square strapping materials is 1.0, the influence factor of a certain super-long rod-shaped material is assigned to a larger parameter according to further length, such as 1.05, 1.1, 1.3 and the like.
The hoisting attitude information may include standard operation hoisting attitude information and nonstandard operation hoisting attitude information, the standard operation hoisting attitude information may be regarded as a material bundling and hoisting scheme that the worker can adopt according to the operation rule after being trained on duty strictly, the nonstandard operation hoisting attitude information may include a material bundling and hoisting scheme that the worker adopts regardless of the operation rule for convenience, or may include a bundling and hoisting scheme that is randomly adopted because a specific object to be hoisted is not specified and limited in the hoisting operation standard, and more preferably includes bundling and hoisting schemes for various dangerous operations, such as attitude information of diagonal pulling, eccentric hoisting, and the like.
Similarly, the hoisting attitude information matched with the type of the hoisted heavy object can be assigned, so that the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the take-up and pay-off speed value of the steel wire rope are influenced in a quantitative mode, and the assignment mode is also the assignment of a scale factor k, for example, when the standard hoisting attitude influence factor of a certain square strapping material is 1.0, the non-standard hoisting attitude (for example, eccentricity) influence factor of the square strapping material is a larger parameter, for example, 1.1, 1.2 and the like.
For example, the early warning levels of the steel wire rope tension value of the early warning system of the tower crane hoisting mechanism are at least set to be low, medium and high levels, which correspond to early warning tension thresholds Fy1, Fy2 and Fy3 respectively, and the early warning levels of the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed values are at least set to be low, medium and high levels, which correspond to early warning speed thresholds Vy1, Vy2 and Vy3 respectively. When a scale factor k larger than 1.0 is given to a specific type of weight in a specific hoisting attitude, the early warning tension threshold value does not exceed Fy1 and may reach Fy2 or Fy3, so that the corresponding early warning level is changed, and the early warning speed threshold value does not exceed Vy1 and may reach Vy2 and Vy3, so that the corresponding early warning level is changed. Fig. 2 illustrates the above principle by taking the transition of the early warning level grade of the wire rope tension value as an example.
The early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope are set in a known mode, for example, the early warning levels are distinguished by sound and light alarms of different degrees.
The invention does not adopt the more common technologies of laser ranging and the like to identify the outline of the lifted heavy object because for the tower crane, the image acquisition unit is easier to be arranged at the side close to the driving operation and still can capture the image information of the heavy object, and when the shooting visual angle is influenced by the obstacle, the system software based on image processing can identify and segment the obstacle and can also de-noise and enhance the target object, thereby not influencing the extraction and identification of the type and the lifting posture of the lifted heavy object, therefore, the invention is an implementation means which is particularly suitable for the early warning of the lifting mechanism of the tower crane.
In the above scheme provided by the invention, the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value, and the stable steel wire rope tension value is judged according to the fact that the tension value stops changing and is stabilized for a period of time T in the lifting process, for example, the weight of a heavy object in the lifting process is not changed from 3S to 5S, and the weight can be recorded and identified by the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit.
In addition, by adopting the scheme of the invention, the early warning can be still carried out according to the early warning level of the tension value of the original steel wire rope and the early warning level of the take-up and pay-off speed value of the steel wire rope for the type and the lifting posture of the lifted heavy object of which the assignment scale factor is not prestored in the system or the type and the lifting posture of the lifted heavy object which is failed to be acquired or processed by the image acquisition unit (such as light factors).
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system comprises a steel wire rope tension acquisition unit, a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires weight information of a hoisted heavy object in real time and converts the weight information into a steel wire rope tension value F, the steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed acquisition unit acquires winding drum rotation parameters in real time and converts the winding drum rotation parameters into a steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value V, more than two steel wire rope tension value early warning levels and more than two steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning levels are set through the control unit, each steel wire rope tension value early warning level corresponds to an early warning tension threshold value Fy, each steel wire rope winding and unwinding speed value early warning level corresponds to an early warning speed threshold value Vy, the early warning system is characterized by further comprising an image acquisition unit, the image acquisition unit acquires image information of the hoisted heavy object after the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value, the control unit receives the image information of the lifted weight sent by the image acquisition unit, identifies the type and the lifting posture of the lifted weight, compares the type and the lifting posture with the prestored information of the system, and adjusts the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the take-up and pay-off speed value of the steel wire rope according to the comparison result.
2. The early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the early warning levels for the tension value of the steel wire rope at least comprise three levels of low, medium and high, and respectively correspond to early warning tension thresholds Fy1, Fy2 and Fy3, and the early warning levels for the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope at least comprise three levels of low, medium and high, and respectively correspond to early warning speed thresholds Vy1, Vy2 and Vy 3.
3. The early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the pre-stored information of the system comprises pre-stored hoisting weight type information according to the operation type of a construction site and hoisting attitude information matched with the hoisting weight type.
4. The tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system of claim 3, wherein the hoisting attitude information comprises standard operation hoisting attitude information and non-standard operation hoisting attitude information.
5. The early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane according to claim 3, wherein the early warning level of the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level of the take-up and pay-off speed value of the steel wire rope are influenced in a quantitative manner by assigning the pre-stored hoisting weight type information and the hoisting attitude information matched with the hoisting weight type.
6. The tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system of claim 5, wherein the assignment manner is the introduction of a scaling factor k assignment.
7. The early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the early warning level for the tension value of the steel wire rope and the early warning level for the winding and unwinding speed value of the steel wire rope are distinguished by acousto-optic alarms of different degrees.
8. The early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of the tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the steel wire rope tension acquisition unit acquires a stable steel wire rope tension value based on the judgment that the tension value stops changing and is stable for a period of time T in the hoisting process.
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| CN202210364746.5A CN114455467B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system |
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| CN202210364746.5A CN114455467B (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Tower crane hoisting mechanism early warning system |
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Denomination of invention: An early warning system for the hoisting mechanism of tower crane Effective date of registration: 20230222 Granted publication date: 20220805 Pledgee: Zhejiang Xiaoshan rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Jingjiang branch Pledgor: HANGZHOU JIE DRIVE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980033135 |
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