CN114453781A

CN114453781A - Five-axis laser processing machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN114453781A
Application number: CN202210187855.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闵飞虎; 杨东恒; 彭维勇; 曾超峰; 刘志峰
Original assignee: Guangdong Original Point Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Original Point Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-15
Filing date: 2021-11-15
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-15
Also published as: CN114453781B; CN114453782A; CN113787271A; CN113787271B; CN114453782B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining equipment and discloses a five-axis laser machining tool which comprises a tool body, a cross beam, a Y-axis driving mechanism, a sliding saddle, an X-axis driving mechanism, a light path transmission box body, a Z-axis driving mechanism, a cradle turntable, a laser assembly and a laser box, wherein a transportation fixing structure for fixing the light path transmission box body is detachably arranged on the tool body. The five-axis laser processing machine tool provided by the invention fixes the light path transmission box body, the laser box and the laser component by utilizing the transportation fixing structure, and the transportation fixing structure is additionally arranged before the laser processing machine tool is shipped, so that the laser component and the laser box can not move automatically in the transportation process, and the damage to light path components and parts caused by strong vibration or collision of the laser component and the laser box is avoided. After the five-axis laser processing machine tool is transported to a destination, the connection between the frame and the spindle box can be quickly released, the transport fixing structure is dismounted from the machine body, and the subsequent debugging and installation of the five-axis laser processing machine tool are not influenced.

Description

Five-axis laser processing machine tool

The application is a divisional application of patent applications with the patent application number of '202111345086.8', the application date of '11 months and 01 days in 2021', and the name of 'a five-axis laser processing machine tool'.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining equipment, in particular to a five-axis laser machining tool.

Background

The modern laser processing machine tool is a combination of a laser processing technology and a numerical control machine tool, a workpiece is processed by utilizing a laser to replace a cutter, the traditional laser processing machine tool mainly comprises a machine tool body, a cross beam which is slidably arranged on the machine tool body, a Y-axis driving mechanism which is used for driving the cross beam to move along a Y axis, a saddle which is slidably arranged on the cross beam, an X-axis driving mechanism which is used for driving the saddle to move along an X axis, a spindle box which is slidably arranged on the saddle, a Z-axis driving mechanism which drives the spindle box to move along a Z axis and a clamping table which is arranged on the machine tool body, and the spindle box comprises a light path transmission box body, a first light path element which is arranged in the light path transmission box body, a laser box which is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a second light path element which is arranged in the laser box and a laser processing head. Laser beam machining machine tool has only accomplished partial equipment before factory shipment, and crossbeam, saddle and light path transmission box can freely slide, and consequently in handling, the headstock can acutely rock, can collide with the lathe bed even and cause the damage, is difficult to ensure the working property after the light path spare part in the headstock reaches the destination, so for the part in the protection headstock, need urgently to fix the headstock before laser beam machining machine tool transports.

It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a five-axis laser processing machine tool, aiming at avoiding the damage of optical path parts caused by the self-movement of a laser box and a laser assembly in the transportation process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a five-axis laser processing machine tool comprises a machine body, a cross beam arranged on the machine body in a sliding manner, a Y-axis driving mechanism used for driving the cross beam to move back and forth, a saddle arranged on the cross beam in a sliding manner, an X-axis driving mechanism used for driving the saddle to move left and right, a light path transmission box arranged on the saddle in a sliding manner, a Z-axis driving mechanism used for driving the light path transmission box to move up and down, a cradle turntable arranged on the machine body, laser components arranged on the cross beam, the saddle and the light path transmission box and a laser box arranged at the bottom of the light path transmission box, wherein the laser components are used for generating laser and are connected with the laser box through the light path transmission box; the cradle rotary table is used for clamping a workpiece and driving the workpiece to swing around an A axis and rotate around a C axis; the lathe bed is detachably provided with a transportation fixing structure used for fixing the optical path transmission box body.

The transportation fixing structure comprises a square frame body and two support rods which are parallel to each other and arranged in the frame body, and a passageway for the laser box to vertically pass through is formed between the two support rods; the frame body is provided with a positioning piece for fixing the optical path transmission box body.

The top of the support rod is fixedly provided with a plurality of bosses which are arranged along the length direction of the support rod, and each boss is provided with a threaded hole; the positioning piece is an L-shaped block, the L-shaped block comprises a flat plate part and a vertical plate part, waist-shaped holes corresponding to the threaded holes are formed in the flat plate part, the waist-shaped holes of each flat plate part are connected with the corresponding threaded holes through screws, and the vertical plate part is connected with the light path transmission box body through screws.

The corner of the frame body is supported by the bracket and is connected with the lathe bed by the bracket.

The transportation fixing structure further comprises a first locking plate, a second locking plate and a third locking plate, the cross beam is locked on the bed body through the first locking plate, the saddle is locked on the cross beam through the second locking plate, and the light path transmission box body is locked on the saddle through the third locking plate.

The laser assembly comprises a laser generator fixedly arranged on the cross beam, a first corner protective shell fixedly arranged on the cross beam, a second corner protective shell and a long protective shell fixedly arranged on the saddle, and a third corner protective shell fixedly arranged on the light path transmission box body; one end of the long protective shell is connected with the second corner protective shell, the other end of the long protective shell is connected with the third corner protective shell through the first organ cover, and the first corner protective shell and the second corner protective shell are connected through the second organ cover; and the first corner protective shell, the second corner protective shell, the long protective shell, the third corner protective shell and the light path transmission box are internally provided with a reflector for light path transmission.

The first organ cover performs motion guide through a linear guide mechanism; the linear guide mechanism comprises a mounting lug arranged at the lower end of the first organ cover, a plurality of positioning lugs are arranged on the side wall of the first organ cover, the mounting lug and the positioning lugs are arranged on the same side, an elastic mechanism is arranged on the long protective shell, a pull wire is arranged on the mounting lug, the pull wire sequentially penetrates through the positioning lugs, the tail end of the pull wire is connected with the elastic mechanism, and the elastic mechanism is used for paying off the pull wire along with the extension of the first organ cover or tightening the pull wire along with the contraction of the first organ cover.

The long protective shell is provided with a pulley assembly for changing the movement direction of the stay wire, the long protective shell is provided with an avoidance through hole for the stay wire to pass through, and the elastic mechanism comprises a lead box body, a mandrel, a lead winding coil and a clockwork spring; the lead wire box body is arranged on the upper surface of the long protective shell, the mandrel is arranged at the center of the lead wire box body, the mandrel and the lead wire winding coil are arranged in a rotating mode, and the lead wire winding coil is wound with the pull wire and the clockwork spring synchronously rotating with the lead wire winding coil.

The upper surface of the lathe bed is provided with a flange arranged around the upper edge of the lathe bed, the upper surface of the lathe bed is provided with an inclined surface, the inclined surface of the lathe bed inclines downwards from front to back, and an oil collecting through hole is arranged at the position of the lowest point of the inclined surface of the lathe bed; the upper surface of the lathe bed is provided with a mounting seat, the lower surface of the mounting seat is an inclined surface, the inclined surface of the mounting seat is arranged on the inclined surface of the lathe bed, and the upper surface of the mounting seat is horizontally arranged.

The mounting seats comprise two first guide rail mounting seats which are bilaterally symmetrical and extend in the front-back direction and two second guide rail mounting seats which are bilaterally symmetrical and extend in the front-back direction, the two second guide rail mounting seats are positioned between the two first guide rail mounting seats, and a motor mounting seat is arranged behind the second guide rail mounting seats; the upper surfaces of the first guide rail mounting seat and the second guide rail mounting seat are respectively provided with a guide rail, and the bottom of the cross beam is connected with the corresponding guide rails in a sliding mode through a sliding block.

Has the advantages that:

compared with the prior art, the five-axis laser processing machine tool fixes the light path transmission box body, the laser box and the laser component by utilizing the transportation fixing structure, the transportation fixing structure is additionally arranged before the laser processing machine tool is shipped and transported, the frame body is horizontally arranged on the bed body of the laser processing machine tool through the support, then the main shaft box is moved to the position right above the passageway through the movable cross beam and the sliding saddle, then the positioning piece is arranged on the main shaft box, the main shaft box is driven to integrally move downwards, the laser box body gradually passes through the passageway, finally the positioning piece is pressed on the frame body, the frame body supports the weight of the main shaft box, and finally the positioning piece is locked on the frame body, so that the laser box and the laser component cannot move automatically in the transportation process, and the laser box and the laser component are prevented from generating strong vibration or collision to damage the light path component. After the laser processing machine tool is transported to a destination, the connection between the frame and the optical path transmission box body can be quickly released, the transportation fixing structure is dismounted from the machine body, and the subsequent debugging and installation of the five-axis laser processing machine tool are not influenced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a five-axis laser processing machine tool provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the region L1 in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the region L2 in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a transportation fixing structure provided by the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a positioning member provided in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a laser assembly and a linear guide mechanism provided by the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the linear guide mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting tab and the positioning tab.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the sheave assembly.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a guide path of the wire.

Fig. 11 is a first structural schematic diagram of the bed.

Fig. 12 is a second structural schematic diagram of the bed.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the bed.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 13.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a five-axis laser processing machine tool, which is further described in detail below by referring to the attached drawings and embodiments in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Herein, "front" is a direction of the saddle 42 toward the optical path transmission case 11 in fig. 1, and "rear" is opposite to "front".

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a five-axis laser processing machine tool, including a bed 10, a cross beam 41 slidably disposed on the bed 10, a Y-axis driving mechanism 43 for driving the cross beam 41 to move back and forth, a saddle 42 slidably disposed on the cross beam 41, an X-axis driving mechanism 44 for driving the saddle 42 to move left and right, a light path transmission box 11 slidably disposed on the saddle 42, a Z-axis driving mechanism 45 for driving the light path transmission box 11 to move up and down, a cradle turntable 6 disposed on the bed 10, a laser assembly 7 disposed on the cross beam 41, the saddle 42 and the light path transmission box 11, and a laser box 12 disposed at the bottom of the light path transmission box 11, wherein the laser assembly 7 is used for generating laser and is connected to the laser box 12 through the light path transmission box; the cradle rotary table 6 is used for clamping a workpiece and driving the workpiece to swing around an A axis and rotate around a C axis; the lathe bed is detachably provided with a transportation fixing structure 2 for fixing the optical path transmission box body. The a axis is a rotation axis corresponding to the X axis, and the C axis is a rotation axis corresponding to the Z axis.

In this embodiment, the transportation fixing structure 2 includes a square frame 21 and two support rods 22 parallel to each other and disposed in the frame, and a passageway 23 for the laser box to vertically pass through is formed between the two support rods 22; the frame body 21 is provided with a positioning member for fixing the optical path transmission box body 11. The corners of the frame body 21 are supported by the brackets 3 and connected with the bed 10 by the brackets 3.

When the five-axis laser processing machine tool is shipped and transported, the five-axis laser processing machine tool finishes the sliding assembly of the beam 41, the saddle 42 and the optical path transmission box body 11, and the Y-axis driving mechanism 43, the X-axis driving mechanism 44 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 45 need to be transmitted and debugged after the laser processing machine tool is transported to a destination, so that the beam 41, the saddle 42 and the optical path transmission box body 11 are not in transmission relation, the beam 41 can freely move along the Y axis, the saddle 42 can automatically move along the X axis, and the optical path transmission box body 11 can freely move along the Z axis. The optical transmission box 11 can be understood as a hollow saddle, and the laser assembly 7 includes a laser generator 71 fixed on the cross beam 41, a first corner protection shell 72 fixed on the cross beam 41, a second corner protection shell 73 and an elongated protection shell 74 fixed on the saddle 42, and a third corner protection shell 76 fixed on the optical transmission box; one end of the long protective shell 74 is connected with the second corner protective shell 73, the other end of the long protective shell 74 is connected with the third corner protective shell 76 through the first organ cover 75, and the first corner protective shell 72 and the second corner protective shell 73 are connected through the second organ cover 77; the first corner protective shell 72, the second corner protective shell 73, the long protective shell 74, the third corner protective shell 76 and the optical path transmission box 11 are internally provided with a reflector 79 for optical path transmission. The laser box 12 is a cuboid box body, parts such as a reflector, a galvanometer, a laser processing head and the like are assembled in the laser box 12, and the laser generator 71, the reflector 79, the galvanometer and the laser processing head can complete light path transmission; since the light path transmission is debugged before leaving the factory in advance, in order to limit the light path transmission box 11 from moving during the transportation process, before shipment and transportation, the frame body 21 is horizontally mounted on the lathe bed 10 through the support 3, then the light path transmission box 11 is moved to the position right above the passageway 23 through the movable cross beam 41 and the saddle 42, then the positioning element is mounted on the light path transmission box 11, then the light path transmission box 11 is driven to move downwards integrally, the laser box 12 gradually passes through the passageway 23, finally the positioning element is pressed against the frame body 21, the frame body 21 supports the weight of the light path transmission box 11, and finally the positioning element is locked on the frame body 21, so that the laser box 12 and the laser component 7 cannot move automatically during the transportation process, and the laser box 12 and the laser component 7 are prevented from vibrating or colliding to damage the light path components on the machine tool.

It should be noted that, because the weight of the cross beam 41 and the saddle 42 is relatively large, once the five-axis laser processing machine tool tilts or vibrates during transportation, the cross beam 41 and the saddle 42 form relatively large kinetic energy of motion, which is easy to cause the fixing structure of the optical path transmission box 11 to fail, in order to better ensure the stability of the fixing structure for transporting the optical path transmission box 11 and the laser box 12, the cross beam 41 is locked on the bed 10 by the first locking plate 46, and the saddle 42 is locked on the cross beam 41 by the second locking plate 47, so as to ensure that the cross beam 41 and the saddle 42 do not slide during transportation. Of course, in order to further ensure that the optical path transmission case 11 does not slide vertically and reduce the vibration of the laser box 12, the optical path transmission case 11 is locked on the saddle 42 by a third locking plate (not visible in the drawing).

Further, a backing plate 27 is arranged between the frame body 21 and the support 3, and the frame body 21, the backing plate 27 and the support 3 are connected through bolts. Through setting up backing plate 27, can promote support body 21 to suitable height on the one hand, be convenient for support body 21 and light path transmission box 11 cooperation locking, on the other hand backing plate 27 can compensate support body 21 and assemble unstable problem, when support body 21 assembles unstably, can level the corner of support body 21 through milling backing plate 27's thickness.

Further, the bracket 3 is

The shape is that the backing plate 27 is pressed against the top of the bracket 3, and the side part of the bracket 3 is in screw connection with the lathe bed 10.

In this embodiment, the die-pin 22 is hollow, support body 21 and die-pin 22 are formed by square pipe concatenation, the corner top of support body 21 has been seted up and has been supplied the bolt to pass dodge hole 26, simple structure, easily manufacturing.

Further, referring to fig. 2-5, a plurality of bosses 25 are fixedly arranged on the top of the supporting rod 22 along the length direction of the supporting rod 22, and each boss 25 is provided with a threaded hole 24. The positioning piece is an L-shaped block 5, the L-shaped block 5 comprises a flat plate part 51 and a vertical plate part 52, a waist-shaped hole 511 corresponding to the threaded hole 24 is formed in the flat plate part 51, and the waist-shaped hole of each flat plate part 51 is connected with the corresponding threaded hole 24 through a screw. Similarly, a plurality of threaded holes 24 arranged transversely are formed in the side wall of the optical path transmission box 11, through holes 521 corresponding to the threaded holes 24 are formed in the vertical plate parts 52, the through hole of each vertical plate part 52 is connected with the corresponding threaded hole 24 through a screw, and the vertical plate parts 52 are connected with the optical path transmission box 11 through screws. After the five-axis laser processing machine tool is transported to a destination, the connection between the frame body 21 and the optical path transmission box body 11 can be quickly released, the frame body 21 is dismounted from the machine tool body 10, and the subsequent debugging and installation of the laser processing machine tool are not influenced.

As shown in fig. 6 to 10, the first organ cover 75 expands or contracts with the up-and-down movement of the optical path transmission case 11, and in order to prevent the first organ cover 75 from being displaced and interfering with the laser inside the first organ cover when moving, the first organ cover 75 is guided by a linear guide mechanism; the linear guide mechanism comprises a mounting lug 751 arranged at the lower end of the first organ cover 75, a plurality of positioning lugs 752 are arranged on the side wall of the first organ cover 75, the mounting lug 751 and the plurality of positioning lugs 752 are arranged on the same side, an elastic mechanism 9 is arranged on the elongated protective shell 74, a pull wire 78 is arranged on the mounting lug 751, the pull wire 78 sequentially penetrates through the plurality of positioning lugs 752, the tail end of the pull wire 78 is connected with the elastic mechanism 9, and the elastic mechanism 9 is used for releasing the pull wire 78 along with the expansion of the first organ cover or tightening the pull wire 78 along with the contraction of the first organ cover.

In actual installation, the first organ cover 75 extends vertically, the pull wire 78 is pulled out from the tightening mechanism 9, and then sequentially passes through the plurality of positioning tabs 752 from top to bottom, and when passing through the positioning tab 752 at the lowermost end, one end of the pull wire 78 is bound to the installation tab 751. When the optical path transmission box body 11 moves downward, the optical path transmission box body 11 drives the first organ cover 75 to extend vertically, that is, the whole length of the first organ cover 75 is lengthened, so that the length of the stay wire 78 passing through the plurality of positioning lugs 752 also needs to be lengthened, and as the traction force of the optical path transmission box body 11 is greater than the winding tension force of the tightening mechanism 9, the tightening mechanism 9 releases the stay wire 78, and the stay wire 78 is tightened and straightened under the effect of the winding tension force, so that the stay wire 78 limits the first organ cover 75 from tilting. Conversely, when the optical path transmission box body 11 moves upward, the optical path transmission box body 11 drives the first organ cover 75 to contract vertically, that is, the overall length of the first organ cover 75 is shortened, so that the length of the pull wire 78 passing through the plurality of positioning lugs 752 also needs to be shortened, and under the rolling pulling force provided by the tightening mechanism 9, part of the pull wire 78 is automatically rolled on the tightening mechanism 9, and the pull wire 78 is stretched again, so that the pull wire 78 limits the first organ cover 75 from tilting. Through the arrangement, a certain guiding function is provided for the extension and contraction of the first organ cover 75, and the first organ cover 75 is prevented from offsetting, so that the stability of the first organ cover 75 during extension and contraction is ensured, and the first organ cover 75 is prevented from being burnt out by laser.

Further, the mounting tab 751 is vertically arranged at the lower end of the first organ cover 75, and a first through hole 7511 is arranged on the mounting tab 751; a plurality of the positioning tabs 752 are horizontally disposed on the side wall of the first organ cover 75, and each of the positioning tabs 752 is provided with a second perforation 7521, and the central lines of the first perforation 7511 and the plurality of second perforations 7521 coincide. The existing organ cover is improved, a mounting lug 751 is arranged at the lower end of the existing organ cover, a positioning lug 752 is arranged at each folding position of the first organ cover, the stay wire 78 sequentially passes through second through holes 7521 on the positioning lugs 752 from top to bottom, then the stay wire 78 is tied to the mounting lug 751 through the first through holes 7511 to realize the fixation of the stay wire 78, the first through holes 7511 and the second through holes 7521 which are overlapped by the center line ensure the verticality of the stay wire 78, namely, the stay wire 78 cannot be contacted with the positioning lugs 752 under the normal movement of the first organ cover 75; when the first organ cover 75 is deviated, the pull wire 78 contacts the positioning lug 752 to limit the first organ cover 75 from tilting, so that friction between the positioning lug 752 and the pull wire 78 is reduced, and the pull wire 78 is prevented from being broken.

With such an arrangement, the pulling wire 78 extends along the length direction of the elongated protective housing 74 after being pulled out from the elastic mechanism 9, in order to enable the pulling wire 78 to transition to the vertical state, the elongated protective housing 74 is provided with the pulley assembly 8 for changing the direction of the pulling wire 78, and the elongated protective housing 74 is provided with an avoiding through hole 741 for the pulling wire 78 to pass through, so that the pulling wire 78 can vertically pass through all the positioning tabs 752.

In the present embodiment, the pulley assembly 8 includes a pulley holder 81, and a first pulley 82 and a second pulley 83 rotatably disposed on the pulley holder 81, the first pulley 82 and the second pulley 83 are disposed in bilateral symmetry, the first pulley 82 is disposed above the escape through hole 741, and the stay wire 78 is disposed on the first pulley 82 and the second pulley 83 in an S-shaped winding manner. Through the guide of first pulley 82 and second pulley 83, not only can change the direction of motion of acting as go-between 78, can also prevent to cause acting as go-between 78 to break away from pulley assembly 8 because of light path transmission box 11 moves too fast, the winding mode of this embodiment specifically is: the pull wire 78 is pulled out of the tightening mechanism 9, passes through the bottom of the second pulley 83, passes through the top of the first pulley 82, sequentially passes through the escape through hole 741, the second through hole 7521 and the first through hole 7511, and is finally fixed on the mounting lug 751.

Specifically, the tightening mechanism 9 includes a lead box 91, a mandrel 92, a lead coil 93 and a clockwork spring; the lead box body 91 is arranged on the upper surface of the long protective shell 74, the mandrel 92 is arranged in the center of the lead box body 91, the mandrel 92 and the lead winding coil 93 are rotatably arranged, and the lead winding coil 93 is wound with the pull wire 78 and a clockwork spring which synchronously rotates with the lead winding coil 93. The internal structure of the tightening mechanism 9 is similar to the existing tape measure, when the pull wire 78 is pulled out, the lead wire winding coil 93 rotates to compress the clockwork spring, and after the pulling force of the pull wire 78 is relieved, the clockwork spring has resilience force to drive the lead wire winding coil 93 to rotate reversely, so that the pull wire 78 is stored in the lead wire winding coil 93 again. The above configuration is simple, and the wire 78 can be pulled out by the tensile force of the optical path transmission case 11, and the wire 78 can be accommodated in the lead coil 93 again by the return of the spring.

It should be noted that the pull wire is preferably a steel wire, the second accordion cover 77 is disposed in the lateral direction, and a linear guide mechanism may be used to guide the extension or contraction of the second accordion cover.

As shown in fig. 11 to 14, a rib 101 disposed around an upper edge of the bed 10 is disposed on an upper surface of the bed 10, the upper surface of the bed 10 is provided with an inclined surface 102, the inclined surface 102 of the bed 10 is inclined downward from front to back, and an oil collecting through hole 103 is disposed at a position of a lowest point of the inclined surface of the bed 10; the upper surface of the lathe bed 10 is provided with a mounting seat, the lower bottom surface of the mounting seat is obliquely arranged, the lower bottom surface of the mounting seat is arranged on the inclined surface of the lathe bed 10, and the upper surface of the mounting seat is horizontally arranged.

Specifically, the mounting seats comprise two first guide rail mounting seats 104 which are bilaterally symmetrical and extend in the front-rear direction and two second guide rail mounting seats 105 which are bilaterally symmetrical and extend in the front-rear direction, the two second guide rail mounting seats 105 are positioned between the two first guide rail mounting seats 104, and a motor mounting seat 106 is arranged behind the second guide rail mounting seats 105; the upper surfaces of the first guide rail mounting seat 104 and the second guide rail mounting seat 105 are both provided with guide rails, and the bottom of the cross beam 41 is connected with the corresponding guide rails in a sliding manner through sliding blocks. Similarly, the saddle 42 is mounted on the beam 41 through a slider and rail structure, the light path transmission box 11 is mounted on the saddle 42 through a slider and rail structure, and the Y-axis driving mechanism 43, the X-axis driving mechanism 44 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 45 preferably adopt a screw transmission mechanism using a motor as a power source, and have the advantages of high transmission efficiency and accurate feeding.

In order to make the slide block move smoothly, the Y-axis driving mechanism 43, the X-axis driving mechanism 44 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 45 move smoothly, a large amount of lubricating oil is required to fully lubricate the guide rail, the slide block, the Y-axis driving mechanism 43, the X-axis driving mechanism 44 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 45, redundant lubricating oil directly drops on the upper surface of the bed 10, and the lubricating oil is prevented from flowing to the side wall of the bed 10 by arranging a flange for enclosing the lubricating oil flowing to the upper surface of the bed 10; the upper surface of the lathe bed 10 is inclined, so that the lubricating oil on the upper surface of the lathe bed 10 has a tendency of flowing to a lower position, the lubricating oil is collected at the lower position of the inclined surface of the lathe bed 10 and then flows into the oil collecting through hole 103, the oil collecting through hole can be connected with an oil collecting barrel through a pipeline, and the waste lubricating oil is convenient to recycle due to the arrangement of the oil collecting barrel. Through the upper surface of the mounting seat which is parallel to the ground, the component can be horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the mounting seat, and the normal operation of the component is ensured.

Further, an oil collecting groove 107 is further formed in the upper surface of the bed 10 located at the rear, and the oil collecting through hole 103 is formed in the oil collecting groove. The bottom surface of the oil collecting groove is lower than the inclined surface of the lathe bed, so that a larger oil storage space is provided, more lubricating oil can be contained, and the lubricating oil flowing to the oil collecting groove is prevented from overflowing the flange.

Further, the lathe bed 10 is provided with a plurality of lightening holes 108 for lightening the lathe bed 10, and the lathe bed 10 is provided with more than two lifting through holes 109 penetrating through the lathe bed 10 along the width direction thereof. When the five-axis laser machining tool is actually used, each hoisting through hole penetrates through one steel pipe, the length of each steel pipe is larger than the width of the lathe bed 10, the two ends of each steel pipe protrude out of the lathe bed 10, then the two ends of each steel pipe and the crown block are connected through steel cables, and the five-axis laser machining tool can be conveniently moved to a production area through the crown block.

Further, the bed 10 is a mineral bed. The mineral lathe bed has good shock absorption, large vibration damping coefficient and good noise reduction effect; the dimensional accuracy of the bed 10 is hardly affected by temperature changes; no internal stress and high precision; the integration is good; has good corrosion resistance to oil, cooling liquid and other corrosive liquids. By arranging the lathe bed 10, the lathe bed 10 has the advantages of good shock absorption, high precision and corrosion resistance.

In view of the above, the five-axis laser processing machine tool provided by the invention can process workpieces with different shapes, for example, workpieces in the shape of bar stock. When a bar is machined, the length direction of the bar is parallel to the C axis, the cradle rotary table 6 drives the bar to swing around the A axis, and the A axis extends transversely, so that the relative position of the bar and the laser box 12 can be adjusted, the laser box 12 can machine the bar from multiple angles, and when the bar needs to be subjected to laser milling, the bar can rotate around the C axis at a high speed, so that the workpiece can be milled. And through the cooperation of this X axle actuating mechanism, Y axle actuating mechanism, Z axle actuating mechanism, cradle revolving stage 6 drives the bar and swings around A axle, and the laser box can be along X, Y, Z three direction movements, and the cradle revolving stage can drive bar A axle and C axle and do rotary motion to realize that once the clamping just can realize multiaspect laser beam machining, very big assurance machining precision.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically, electrically or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The five-axis laser processing machine tool is characterized by comprising a machine body, a cross beam arranged on the machine body in a sliding manner, a Y-axis driving mechanism used for driving the cross beam to move back and forth, a saddle arranged on the cross beam in a sliding manner, an X-axis driving mechanism used for driving the saddle to move left and right, a light path transmission box arranged on the saddle in a sliding manner, a Z-axis driving mechanism used for driving the light path transmission box to move up and down, a cradle turntable arranged on the machine body, laser components arranged on the cross beam, the saddle and the light path transmission box and a laser box arranged at the bottom of the light path transmission box, wherein the laser components are used for generating laser and are connected with the laser box through the light path transmission box; the cradle rotary table is used for clamping a workpiece and driving the workpiece to swing around an A axis and rotate around a C axis; the lathe bed is detachably provided with a transportation fixing structure for fixing the optical path transmission box body; the transportation fixing structure comprises a square frame body and two support rods which are parallel to each other and arranged in the frame body, and a passageway for the laser box to vertically pass through is formed between the two support rods; the frame body is provided with a positioning piece for fixing the optical path transmission box body; the transportation fixing structure further comprises a first locking plate, a second locking plate and a third locking plate, the cross beam is locked on the bed body through the first locking plate, the saddle is locked on the cross beam through the second locking plate, and the light path transmission box body is locked on the saddle through the third locking plate.

2. The five-axis laser processing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of bosses arranged along the length direction of the supporting rod are fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting rod, and each boss is provided with a threaded hole; the positioning piece is an L-shaped block, the L-shaped block comprises a flat plate part and a vertical plate part, waist-shaped holes corresponding to the threaded holes are formed in the flat plate part, the waist-shaped holes of each flat plate part are connected with the corresponding threaded holes through screws, and the vertical plate part is connected with the light path transmission box body through screws.

3. The five-axis laser machining tool according to claim 1, wherein corners of the frame body are supported by brackets and connected with the machine body through the brackets.

4. The five-axis laser processing machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that a base plate is arranged between the frame body and the support, and the frame body, the base plate and the support are connected through bolts.

5. Five-axis laser machining tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the holder is "

The backing plate is pressed on the top of the support in a shape like the Chinese character 'ji', and the side part of the support is connected with the lathe bed through screws.

6. The five-axis laser processing machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the support rod is hollow, the frame body and the support rod are formed by splicing square tubes, and a clearance hole for a bolt to pass through is formed in the top of the corner of the frame body.