CN114452081A - 一种快速止血敷贴 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医疗用品技术领域，具体公开了一种快速止血敷贴，所述快速止血敷贴包括无纺布层和设置在无纺布层表面的透气层，所述透气层中央设置凹陷，所述凹陷内设置止血固定体，所述止血固定体为海绵材料制备而成的上部开口的筒状固定体，所述止血固定体内填充止血凝胶，所述止血固定体外周设置环状不干胶层，所述止血固定体上方覆盖离型纸层，所述离型纸层边缘与不干胶层粘结固定。本发明快速止血敷贴吸收血液量大，止血速度快，适用于流血较多的较深或者较大创口止血，而且结构简单，使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗用品技术领域，具体公开了一种快速止血敷贴。
背景技术
创可贴是医院、诊所、家庭中最常用的急救必备医疗用品，可以用于小面积创口止血，但是较深或者较大创口流血较多，创可贴则达不到止血效果，需要前往医院进行治疗，不能满足随时随地及时止血的要求，因此，为了更快速度更便捷的止血，研究一种快速止血敷贴具有重要意义。
公告号为CN215385174U的中国专利公开了一种方便有效止血的腔体医用复合塑型修复材料层，包括：修复材料，其内侧设置有用于定型的医用海绵，且修复材料的外侧设置有用于与皮肤贴合的衔接条，所述修复材料的左侧设置有用于对修复材料定位的内用医用胶带；透气医用布，其设置于衔接条的右侧，所述透气医用布的右侧设置有用于将透气医用布与人体定位的外用医用胶带，修复材料包括接触层、抗菌层、吸附层、无纺布层和透气材料层。该方便有效止血的腔体医用复合塑型修复材料层，能够在对材料层进行定位覆盖的同时，保持一定的透气性能，减少炎症等症状的产生，且能够施加其他药剂进行止血，减少材料的更换次数。但是，该专利修复材料层需要内用医用胶带和外用医用胶带进行定位固定，结构复杂。
公告号为CN107233612B的中国发明专利公开了一种辐照交联止血凝胶材料，其原料组成及重量份比为：聚乙烯醇100、纳米级壳聚糖5～25、3，6－羧甲基壳聚糖5～20、魔芋葡甘聚糖季铵盐4～25、表面活性剂2～10，制备时，先将纳米级壳聚糖、3，6－羧甲基壳聚糖、魔芋葡甘聚糖季铵盐与蒸馏水混合配制成A溶液，并将聚乙烯醇、表面活性剂与蒸馏水混合配制成B溶液，然后将A溶液与B溶液混合后进行辐照交联，最后除去未交联的单体即可。该凝胶材料具有优良的止血和抑菌性能。但是，该专利纳米级壳聚糖、3，6－羧甲基壳聚糖、魔芋葡甘聚糖季铵盐止血原料之间交联效果较差，吸收血液量较少。
发明内容
为克服上述缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种快速止血敷贴，吸收血液量大，止血速度快，适用于流血较多的较深或者较大创口止血，而且结构简单，使用方便。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种快速止血敷贴，包括无纺布层和设置在无纺布层表面的透气层，所述透气层中央设置凹陷，所述凹陷内设置止血固定体，所述止血固定体为海绵材料制备而成的上部开口的筒状固定体，所述止血固定体内填充止血凝胶，所述止血固定体外周设置环状不干胶层，所述止血固定体上方覆盖离型纸层，所述离型纸层边缘与不干胶层粘结固定。
优选地，所述无纺布层由医用聚丙烯制成。
优选地，所述止血固定体高于不干胶层3mm。
优选地，所述止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖5-10份、月桂酸单甘油酯1-5份、羧甲基纤维素钠5-10份、黄原胶10-15份、蒲绒10-15份、光引发剂0.2-0.5份和去离子水60-100份。
优选地，所述羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.1-0.5mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
优选地，所述光引发剂为光引发剂2959。
优选地，所述止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至50-60℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
优选地，所述紫外线条件为光照强度为8-10mW/cm2，波长365-420nm，时间10-15min。
本发明的积极有益效果：
1.本发明羧化壳聚糖的氨基上携带正电荷，容易与红细胞表面的负电荷发生电荷吸引，能够促进创面愈合，起到止血、镇痛和抑菌作用，进一步与羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶共用，不仅便于止血凝胶保持一定形状，而且能使血液在短时间内完成凝结；蒲绒即蒲草的蒲棒爆开的绒毛，抑菌效果好，能够快速促进血液凝固，在月桂酸单甘油酯作用下，蒲绒与羧化壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、黄原胶均匀分散，而且月桂酸单甘油酯是一种亲脂性的非离子型表面活性剂，提高材料疏水性，促进红细胞聚集，便于快速凝血，还能使止血凝胶内部产生稳定的孔隙结构，吸收血液量大，适用于流血较多的较深或者较大创口止血，而且本发明快速止血敷贴结构简单，使用方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明快速止血敷贴的结构示意图；
图中：1-无纺布层，2-透气层，3-不干胶层，4-离型纸层，5-止血凝胶，6-止血固定体。
具体实施方式
下面结合一些具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。
一种快速止血敷贴，参见图1，包括无纺布层1和设置在无纺布层1表面的透气层2，无纺布层1由医用聚丙烯制成，透气层2中央设置凹陷，凹陷内设置止血固定体6，止血固定体6为海绵材料制备而成的上部开口的筒状固定体，止血固定体6内填充止血凝胶5，止血固定体6外周设置环状不干胶层3，止血固定体高于不干胶层3mm，止血固定体6上方覆盖离型纸层4，离型纸层4边缘与不干胶层3粘结固定，下面结合一些具体实施例对本发明快速止血敷贴进一步详细说明。
实施例1
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖5份、月桂酸单甘油酯3份、羧甲基纤维素钠10份、黄原胶10份、蒲绒12份、光引发剂I-2959 0.2份和去离子水60份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.1mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至50℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为10mW/cm2，波长365nm，时间10min。
实施例2
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖10份、月桂酸单甘油酯2份、羧甲基纤维素钠6份、黄原胶12份、蒲绒10份、光引发剂I-2959 0.5份和去离子水80份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.1mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至50℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为8mW/cm2，波长365nm，时间15min。
实施例3
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖6份、月桂酸单甘油酯5份、羧甲基纤维素钠5份、黄原胶15份、蒲绒12份、光引发剂I-2959 0.3份和去离子水80份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.2mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至60℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为10mW/cm2，波长365nm，时间10min。
实施例4
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖8份、月桂酸单甘油酯3份、羧甲基纤维素钠8份、黄原胶12份、蒲绒12份、光引发剂I-2959 0.3份和去离子水80份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.2mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至60℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为10mW/cm2，波长365nm，时间10min。
实施例5
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖10份、月桂酸单甘油酯1份、羧甲基纤维素钠6份、黄原胶12份、蒲绒15份、光引发剂I-2959 0.2份和去离子水60份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.4mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至50℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为10mW/cm2，波长420nm，时间10min。
实施例6
本实施例快速止血敷贴与上述结构基本相同，进一步详细说明的是：
止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖9份、月桂酸单甘油酯4份、羧甲基纤维素钠8份、黄原胶15份、蒲绒10份、光引发剂I-2959 0.4份和去离子水100份。
进一步地，羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.5mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
进一步地，止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至60℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
进一步地，紫外线条件为光照强度为10mW/cm2，波长365nm，时间15min。
吸水性能测试：取本发明实施例1-6制备的止血凝胶，止血凝胶规格为：直径3cm×高度8mm的圆柱体，质量为M1(g)，检测步骤如下：将本发明制备的吸水凝胶浸入pH＝7.4的模拟体液(PBS)中，浸泡1h使溶液充满止血凝胶，之后在转速5000rpm离心10min，弃去多余的水分后，对止血凝胶进行称重，质量为M2(g)，吸水率按照如下公式计算：吸水率＝(M2-M1)/M1×100％；检测结果见下表1。
凝血时间测试：取本发明实施例1-6制备的止血凝胶，规格为：直径3cm×高度8mm的圆柱体，平放至25mL的烧杯底部，接着注入新鲜血液3mL，使止血凝胶充分浸润血液，然后将烧杯放入37℃电热恒温水浴锅中，每隔5s轻轻摇动一次烧杯，直至烧杯中血液不流动，记录全血凝固时间；检测结果见下表1。
表1本发明实施例1-6止血凝胶检测结果
| 项目 | 吸水率/％ | 止血时间/s |
| 实施例1 | 2100 | 240 |
| 实施例2 | 2000 | 210 |
| 实施例3 | 2200 | 245 |
| 实施例4 | 2400 | 230 |
| 实施例5 | 2100 | 260 |
| 实施例6 | 1800 | 220 |
由表1可知，本发明吸水凝胶吸水率高达2400％，吸收血液量大，止血时间210-260s，止血时间短，尤其适用于流血较多的较深或者较大创口止血。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换，只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (8)
1.一种快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，包括无纺布层和设置在无纺布层表面的透气层，所述透气层中央设置凹陷，所述凹陷内设置止血固定体，所述止血固定体为海绵材料制备而成的上部开口的筒状固定体，所述止血固定体内填充止血凝胶，所述止血固定体外周设置环状不干胶层，所述止血固定体上方覆盖离型纸层，所述离型纸层边缘与不干胶层粘结固定。
2.根据权利要求1所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述无纺布层由医用聚丙烯制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述止血固定体高于不干胶层3mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述止血凝胶由如下重量份数的原料制成：
羧化壳聚糖5-10份、月桂酸单甘油酯1-5份、羧甲基纤维素钠5-10份、黄原胶10-15份、蒲绒10-15份、光引发剂0.2-0.5份和去离子水60-100份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述羧化壳聚糖由壳聚糖溶于浓度为0.1-0.5mol//L的醋酸溶液制备而成，羧化壳聚糖脱乙酰度≥90％。
6.根据权利要求4所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述光引发剂为光引发剂2959。
7.根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述止血凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤：
在去离子水中依次加入羧化壳聚糖、月桂酸单甘油酯、羧甲基纤维素钠和黄原胶，水浴加热至50-60℃，搅拌均匀，接着加入蒲绒和光引发剂，再次搅拌均匀，然后注入模具，最后在紫外线条件下光固化成型，即得。
8.根据权利要求7所述的快速止血敷贴，其特征在于，所述紫外线条件为光照强度为8-10mW/cm2，波长365-420nm，时间10-15min。
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