CN114449442A - Intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on UWB technology - Google Patents
Intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on UWB technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114449442A CN114449442A CN202210061329.3A CN202210061329A CN114449442A CN 114449442 A CN114449442 A CN 114449442A CN 202210061329 A CN202210061329 A CN 202210061329A CN 114449442 A CN114449442 A CN 114449442A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/33—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
- H04W4/42—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for mass transport vehicles, e.g. buses, trains or aircraft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/006—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on UWB technology, mainly comprising a UWB positioning base station, a UWB positioning tag, a data transmitter and a main control computer; the UWB positioning base station and the UWB positioning tag mutually transmit and receive UWB signals to realize the distance measurement from the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station; transmitting the distance information and the identity information of each UWB positioning base station and UWB positioning label to a main control machine by using a data transmitter; the main control machine calculates the position of each UWB positioning tag by combining the identity information and the distance information, thereby realizing the positioning of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage. The whole system and the method realize the full automation of the positioning in the intelligent rail vehicle warehouse, effectively improve the intelligent management degree in the intelligent rail vehicle warehouse, reduce the management cost, provide the route planning in the warehouse for various operations of the intelligent rail train, improve the operation efficiency and create greater economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning, and particularly relates to an intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on a UWB technology.
Background
The intelligent rail electric car is a novel public transport means with zero emission, no pollution, bidirectional running and multi-grouping, has the characteristics of low investment cost, short construction period, strong flexibility and the like compared with the traditional rail transport means such as the tramcar, the subway and the like, and is an important direction of urban public transport in the future. Most of the existing intelligent rail vehicle positioning methods are based on GPS and picture recognition for positioning, but GPS signals are greatly attenuated indoors, and the picture recognition is difficult to find reliable reference points for positioning in garages with frequent movement of personnel and equipment, so that the existing methods cannot realize accurate positioning in intelligent rail garages with complex environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The UWB positioning technology is a wireless carrier positioning technology, the working frequency range of the UWB positioning technology is high, the UWB positioning technology is generally in the range from 3GHz to 10GHz, the interference of various external signals can be overcome, the UWB signals have ultra wide band, the signal distance resolution can reach centimeter level, and the UWB positioning technology can be used for realizing high-precision positioning of complex environments. The UWB positioning technology is applied to intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning, and has wide application prospect.
Aiming at least one of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on a UWB technology, which mainly comprise a UWB positioning base station, a UWB positioning label, a data transmitter and a main control computer; the UWB positioning base station and the UWB positioning tag mutually transmit and receive UWB signals to realize the distance measurement from the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station; transmitting the distance information and the identity information of each UWB positioning base station and UWB positioning label to a main control machine by using a data transmitter; the main control machine calculates the position of each UWB positioning tag by combining the identity information and the distance information, thereby realizing the positioning of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage. The whole system and the method realize the full automation of the positioning in the intelligent rail vehicle warehouse, effectively improve the intelligent management degree in the intelligent rail vehicle warehouse, reduce the management cost, provide the route planning in the warehouse for various operations of the intelligent rail train, improve the operation efficiency and create greater economic benefits.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a smart rail in-vehicle garage positioning system based on UWB technology, comprising:
the intelligent rail vehicle system comprises a plurality of in-garage UWB positioning base stations and corresponding data transmitters which are arranged in an intelligent rail vehicle garage, a plurality of vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tags which are arranged on the intelligent rail vehicle and a main control computer;
the UWB positioning base station is used for transmitting UWB signals to the UWB positioning tags, receiving the UWB signals transmitted by the UWB positioning tags, calculating the distance from the UWB positioning tags to the UWB positioning base station, and transmitting the distance information to the data transmitter;
the UWB positioning tag is used for receiving a UWB signal transmitted by a UWB positioning base station and transmitting the UWB signal to the UWB positioning base station;
the data transmitter is used for receiving distance information transmitted from the UWB positioning base station and transmitting the serial number of the UWB positioning base station and the distance information to the main control computer;
the main control computer is used for receiving the information transmitted by the data transmitters, calculating the position of each UWB positioning label according to the position of the UWB positioning base station and the distance information, and determining the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning label.
Further preferably, vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tags are arranged at least at four corners of the smart rail vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a smart rail vehicle garage positioning method based on UWB technology, comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging a plurality of UWB positioning base stations in the intelligent rail train garage according to the signal coverage range of the UWB positioning base stations;
s2, installing the data transmitter on the UWB positioning base station to enable the UWB positioning base station to wirelessly transmit distance information;
s3, according to the UWB positioning base station, setting the position in the library of the UWB positioning base station on the main control machine;
s4, when positioning is started, the UWB positioning base station firstly transmits UWB signals;
s5, after receiving UWB positioning signals transmitted by a UWB positioning base station, UWB positioning tags distributed on the intelligent rail train transmit UWB positioning signals to the UWB positioning base station after fixed time delay;
s6, after the UWB positioning base station receives the UWB signals transmitted by the UWB positioning base station, calculating the UWB signal propagation time;
s7, the UWB positioning base station calculates the distance from the UWB positioning label to the UWB positioning base station according to the UWB signal propagation time;
s8, the UWB positioning base station transmits the distance information to the data transmitter;
s9, the data transmitter transmits the distance information to the main control computer;
s10, the main control computer calculates the UWB positioning label position according to the UWB positioning base station position and the distance from the UWB positioning label to the UWB positioning base station;
and S11, the main control computer determines the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tag.
Further preferably, in step S1, all vehicle parking spots in the garage are brought within the signal range of at least 3 UWB positioning base stations.
Further preferably, in step S4, the UWB signal transmitted by the UWB positioning base station includes UWB positioning base station identity information.
Further preferably, in step S5, the UWB positioning signal transmitted by the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station contains UWB positioning tag identity information.
Further preferably, in step S6, the propagation time is (UWB positioning base station receiving signal time-UWB positioning base station transmitting signal time-UW positioning tag fixed delay time duration)/2.
Further preferably, in step S7, the distance from the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station is equal to the propagation time × the propagation speed of the signal in the air.
Further preferably, in step S8, the distance information transmitted by the UWB positioning base station to the data transmitter includes UWB positioning base station identity information and UWB positioning tag identity information.
Further preferably, in step S9, the distance information transmitted by the data transmitter to the master controller includes UWB positioning base station identity information and UWB positioning tag identity information.
The above-described preferred features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on the UWB technology are mainly characterized in that high-precision positioning in an intelligent rail vehicle garage is achieved, intelligent management degree in the intelligent rail vehicle garage can be effectively improved, management cost is reduced, in-garage line planning can be provided for maintenance operation of an intelligent rail train, maintenance efficiency is improved, and greater economic benefits are created.
2. Compared with the traditional GPS positioning, the intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on the UWB technology can not realize indoor positioning by the traditional GPS positioning, and the positioning method provided by the invention can realize in-garage positioning; compared with positioning methods such as Bluetooth and wifi, the positioning method provided by the invention has strong anti-interference performance and high positioning precision, and is suitable for high-precision positioning of complex environments in intelligent rail train depots.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for intelligent rail vehicle garage positioning based on UWB technology according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single UWB positioning tag positioning principle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a multiple UWB positioning tag positioning principle;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of UWB positioning tag arrangement on smart rail train.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As a better implementation mode of the invention, the invention provides a positioning system and a positioning method in an intelligent rail vehicle library based on UWB technology, the positioning system mainly comprises a plurality of in-library UWB positioning base stations installed in the intelligent rail vehicle library, corresponding data transmitters, a plurality of vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tags installed on the intelligent rail vehicle and a main control computer, the degree of automation of the system is high, the management efficiency in the intelligent rail vehicle library can be effectively improved, and the management time and the economic cost are saved.
The main functions of the UWB positioning base station include: transmitting a UWB signal to a UWB positioning tag, receiving the UWB signal transmitted from the UWB positioning tag, calculating a distance from the UWB positioning tag to a UWB positioning base station, and transmitting the distance information to a data transmitter.
The main functions of the UWB positioning tag include: and receiving the UWB signal transmitted from the UWB positioning base station and transmitting the UWB signal to the UWB positioning base station.
The main functions of the data transmitter include: and receiving the distance information transmitted from the UWB positioning base station, converting the serial number of the UWB positioning base station and the distance information thereof into a wireless signal and transmitting the wireless signal to the main control computer. The data transmitter is directly connected with the UWB positioning base station through a signal line.
The main functions of the main control machine comprise: and receiving the information transmitted by the plurality of data transmitters, calculating the position of the UWB positioning tag according to the position of the UWB positioning base station and the distance information, and determining the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tag.
As shown in FIG. 1, the process part of the positioning method in the intelligent rail vehicle garage based on the UWB technology is as follows:
1. arranging a plurality of UWB positioning base stations in the intelligent rail train garage according to the signal coverage range of the UWB positioning base stations, so that all vehicle parking points in the garage are at least within the signal range of 3 UWB positioning base stations (the signal coverage radius of a single UWB positioning base station is about 60 m);
2. the data transmitter is arranged on the UWB positioning base station, so that the UWB positioning base station can wirelessly transmit distance information;
3. according to the UWB positioning base station, setting the in-warehouse position of the UWB positioning base station on the main control machine;
4. when positioning is started, the UWB positioning base station firstly transmits UWB signals (including UWB positioning base station identity information);
5. after receiving a UWB positioning signal transmitted by a UWB positioning base station, a UWB positioning tag in the intelligent rail train can transmit the UWB positioning signal (containing UWB positioning tag identity information) to the UWB positioning base station after a fixed time delay;
after receiving the UWB signal transmitted by the UWB positioning base station, the UWB positioning base station calculates the propagation time of the UWB signal, where the propagation time is (time when the UWB positioning base station receives the signal-time when the UWB positioning base station transmits the signal-time when the UW positioning tag is fixed, delay time)/2;
the UWB positioning base station calculates the distance from the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station according to the UWB signal propagation time, wherein the distance is the propagation time multiplied by the propagation speed of the signal in the air (constant);
the UWB positioning base station transmits the distance information (including UWB positioning base station identity information and UWB positioning tag identity information) to the data transmitter;
9. the data transmitter transmits the distance information (including the identity information of the UWB positioning base station and the identity information of the UWB positioning tag) to the main control machine;
10. the main control computer calculates the position of the UWB positioning label according to the position of the UWB positioning base station and the distance from the UWB positioning label to the UWB positioning base station;
11. and the main control computer determines the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tag.
The method for calculating the UWB positioning label position by the main control computer is as follows:
1. when the position and the distance information of the UWB positioning base station can be centered on the UWB positioning base station, and a circle is drawn by taking the distance in the distance information as a radius, the position of the UWB positioning tag is positioned on the circle;
2. when 3 or more UWB positioning base stations position the same UWB positioning tag, the position of the UWB positioning tag can be determined as shown in fig. 2;
3. the distance between different UWB positioning base stations and different UWB positioning tags can be distinguished by using the UWB positioning base station identity information and the UWB positioning tag identity information on the distance information, thereby achieving multi-target simultaneous positioning, as shown in fig. 3.
UWB positioning tags are arranged at four corners of the intelligent rail vehicle at least as shown in figure 4 (the unit of size in the figure is mm), UWB positioning tags can be arranged at the middle part, the head and the tail of the vehicle and other positions, UWB positioning base stations are arranged in the intelligent rail train garage according to the requirements, simultaneous positioning in the intelligent rail vehicle garage can be achieved, the intelligent rail vehicle management efficiency is improved, and the management cost is reduced.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the scheme of the invention has the following significant advantages:
the intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on the UWB technology are mainly characterized in that high-precision positioning in an intelligent rail vehicle garage is achieved, intelligent management degree in the intelligent rail vehicle garage can be effectively improved, management cost is reduced, in-garage line planning can be provided for maintenance operation of an intelligent rail train, maintenance efficiency is improved, and greater economic benefits are created.
Compared with the traditional GPS positioning, the intelligent rail vehicle in-garage positioning system and method based on the UWB technology can not realize indoor positioning by the traditional GPS positioning, and the positioning method provided by the invention can realize in-garage positioning; compared with positioning methods such as Bluetooth and wifi, the positioning method provided by the invention has strong anti-interference performance and high positioning precision, and is suitable for high-precision positioning of complex environments in intelligent rail train depots.
It will be appreciated that the embodiments of the system described above are merely illustrative, in that elements illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over different network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in the specification of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the embodiments of the invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description. Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects.
However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that is, the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of an embodiment of this invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the respective technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent rail vehicle garage internal positioning system based on UWB technology, comprising:
the system comprises a plurality of in-warehouse UWB positioning base stations and corresponding data transmitters which are arranged in an intelligent rail vehicle warehouse, a plurality of vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tags which are arranged on the intelligent rail vehicle, and a main control machine;
the UWB positioning base station is used for transmitting UWB signals to the UWB positioning tags, receiving the UWB signals transmitted by the UWB positioning tags, calculating the distance from the UWB positioning tags to the UWB positioning base station, and transmitting the distance information to the data transmitter;
the UWB positioning tag is used for receiving a UWB signal transmitted by a UWB positioning base station and transmitting the UWB signal to the UWB positioning base station;
the data transmitter is used for receiving the distance information transmitted from the UWB positioning base station and transmitting the UWB positioning base station number and the distance information thereof to the main control machine;
the main control computer is used for receiving the information transmitted by the data transmitters, calculating the position of each UWB positioning label according to the position of the UWB positioning base station and the distance information, and determining the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning label.
2. The UWB technology based smart track in-vehicle garage positioning system of claim 1, wherein:
and vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tags are arranged at least at four corners of the intelligent rail vehicle.
3. An intelligent rail vehicle garage positioning method based on UWB technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging a plurality of UWB positioning base stations in the intelligent rail train garage according to the signal coverage range of the UWB positioning base stations;
s2, installing the data transmitter on the UWB positioning base station to enable the UWB positioning base station to wirelessly transmit distance information;
s3, according to the UWB positioning base station, setting the position in the library of the UWB positioning base station on the main control machine;
s4, when positioning is started, the UWB positioning base station firstly transmits UWB signals;
s5, after receiving UWB positioning signals transmitted by a UWB positioning base station, UWB positioning tags distributed on the intelligent rail train transmit UWB positioning signals to the UWB positioning base station after fixed time delay;
s6, after the UWB positioning base station receives the UWB signals transmitted by the UWB positioning base station, calculating the UWB signal propagation time;
s7, the UWB positioning base station calculates the distance from the UWB positioning label to the UWB positioning base station according to the UWB signal propagation time;
s8, the UWB positioning base station transmits the distance information to the data transmitter;
s9, the data transmitter transmits the distance information to the main control computer;
s10, the main control computer calculates the UWB positioning label position according to the UWB positioning base station position and the distance from the UWB positioning label to the UWB positioning base station;
and S11, the main control computer determines the position of the intelligent rail vehicle in the garage according to the position of the vehicle-mounted UWB positioning tag.
4. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S1, all vehicle stops within the garage are brought within the signal range of at least 3 UWB positioning base stations.
5. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S4, the UWB signal transmitted by the UWB positioning base station includes UWB positioning base station identity information.
6. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S5, the UWB positioning signal transmitted by the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station contains UWB positioning tag identity information.
7. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S6, the propagation time (UWB positioning base station reception signal time-UWB positioning base station transmission signal time-UW positioning tag fixed delay time duration)/2.
8. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S7, the distance from the UWB positioning tag to the UWB positioning base station is equal to the propagation time × the propagation speed of the signal in the air.
9. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S8, the distance information transmitted by the UWB positioning base station to the data transmitter includes UWB positioning base station identity information and UWB positioning tag identity information.
10. The UWB technology based smart rail vehicle garage positioning method of claim 3, wherein:
in step S9, the distance information transmitted from the data transmitter to the master controller includes UWB positioning base station identity information and UWB positioning tag identity information.
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