CN114449079A - High-temperature measuring device and method based on mobile phone camera - Google Patents
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Abstract
A high temperature measuring device and method based on mobile phone camera, the device includes a smart mobile phone, a matched mobile phone shell is installed at the back cover of the mobile phone; a specially-made three-band-pass filter is arranged at the position of a camera of the mobile phone shell, the center wavelength of the filter is 400nm, 500nm and 600nm, the half-band width of the filter is 100nm, the transmittance R channel is 10%, the transmittance G channel is 20% and the transmittance B channel is 90%; and image analysis software is installed in the smart phone. The measuring method comprises the following steps: calibrating a temperature measuring device on the blackbody furnace; acquiring a filtered high-temperature object image by using the device, and analyzing the R, G, B three-channel image intensity of the high-temperature object image; and (4) combining the calibration result, and calculating by using the existing emissivity model to obtain the temperature of the high-temperature object. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, low cost and high stability, and provides a new idea and method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-temperature measurement, in particular to a high-temperature measurement device and method based on a mobile phone camera for non-contact visible light radiation temperature measurement.
Background
Temperature is a very important physical quantity in scientific research and production, is one of 7 basic units in international system of units, and is an important parameter for describing the property of a substance. The temperature measurement is a method for establishing the corresponding relation between the characteristics of the material such as linear expansion rate, volume expansion rate, resistivity, radiation characteristic, thermal noise and the like and the temperature, and measuring the physicochemical properties to measure the reaction temperature. In industrial applications, it is often necessary to measure the temperature of a high-temperature object to monitor the operating state, obtain information, and the like. Temperature detection can be divided into two broad categories: contact and non-contact thermometry. Contact thermometry generally uses thermocouples, optical fibers, pressure thermometers, and the like. The non-contact temperature measuring method comprises a sound wave method, a radiation spectroscopy method, a laser interference method, an infrared thermal imaging method and the like. The contact type temperature measurement has the advantages of simple operation, high measurement precision, direct measurement result acquisition and the like, but is limited by the influence of materials and working environment, and is not convenient to use under certain conditions. The temperature measuring equipment is in direct contact with the measured object and is in full contact with the measured object, so that interference on the measured object is possible. The non-contact measurement does not need to be in contact with a measured object, generally does not interfere with a temperature field, and has better dynamic response characteristic.
Nowadays, smart phones have gained more and more applications in the mass life and become indispensable articles for daily life. According to the statistics of the research institution of Stretegy Analytics, the global sales of smart phones reaches 13.71 hundred million in 2019, and the vigorous development of the mobile phone industry provides a new solution for many problems. Especially, the mobile phone camera has been greatly developed in recent years. In recent years, researchers have applied smart phones to medical diagnosis, physiological monitoring, image recognition, temperature measurement, and the like.
Modern smart phone cameras generally consist of a PCB substrate, an image sensor, an optical filter, a lens group, a focusing motor and other accessories. The optical signal is uniformly distributed on the image sensor after passing through the lens group, and is converted into an analog electrical signal, then is quantized into a digital signal, and finally is synthesized into a picture. In this process, since the image sensor can only receive the intensities of different light signals and cannot distinguish specific colors, a filter needs to be added in front of the sensor to obtain the values of different color components, so as to reversely deduce the color of the actual scene. The filters are typically arranged in a Bayer array, i.e., an RGGB arrangement. The image sensor generally uses a CMOS sensor.
At present, temperature measuring methods of main temperature measuring devices, such as thermocouples, thermal resistors, radiation thermometers and the like, are mature in technology and can meet the requirements of common application occasions. When measuring high temperature, the environment has environmental factors such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotation, high impact, strong noise and the like, and strong coupling interference can be generated on the test system. Although a plurality of temperature measuring methods are successfully used, the radiation and the thermocouple are more or less complicated to operate, high in cost, inaccurate and the like in the prior art in consideration of a plurality of influencing factors of high-temperature measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a pyrometric survey device based on cell-phone camera includes image capture device and image analysis software based on the smart mobile phone camera, the camera comprises the smart mobile phone and the purpose-made cell-phone shell of an adjustable exposure time, the camera lens position department of cell-phone shell installs a three band pass filter that can filter specific wavelength spectrum, and three band pass filter's central wavelength is 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, and the half bandwidth is 100nm, and the transmissivity R passageway is 10%, and the G passageway is 20%, and the B passageway is 90%. The device acquires the high-temperature image and analyzes the high-temperature image through image processing software in the mobile phone.
The invention also provides a high-temperature measuring method based on the mobile phone camera, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calibrating the high-temperature measuring device by using the black body furnace, adjusting the temperature of the black body furnace from 800-1600 ℃, and calibrating once every 50 ℃;
step two: operating a mobile phone camera, switching to a RAW image format mode, facing a lens to a temperature measuring hole of the blackbody furnace, and adjusting the distance between a temperature measuring device and the blackbody furnace to ensure that a hearth image of the blackbody furnace is positioned at the center of a viewing frame, and the images are all positioned in the viewing frame and account for the largest proportion;
step three: after the black body furnace reaches a temperature and is stable, the light sensing time of the mobile phone camera and the matching exposure compensation are adjusted to be minimum, only the shutter time of the mobile phone camera is adjusted, and an initial picture is taken;
step four: the photos are transmitted to the image analysis software for processing, and the intensity of the three-channel image at the center R, G, B of the obtained image is measured;
step five: taking the measured R channel image intensity as a reference, adjusting the parameters of the camera to enable the R, G, B three-channel image intensity to be lower than 250 at most;
step six: after the proper exposure time is adjusted, shooting the same temperature for a plurality of times, and recording exposure time parameters;
step seven: software averages the three-channel image intensities calculated by a plurality of images obtained at the same temperature, inputs exposure time, and determines the corresponding monochromatic blackbody radiation intensity under a certain image intensity, wherein the obtained average value corresponds to the temperature one by one;
step eight: calculating the radiation intensity of the black body at each temperature according to the black body radiation law, respectively taking the mathematical transformation formulas of the image intensity and the radiation intensity of the black body as horizontal and vertical coordinates, and fitting by using a second-order polynomial;
step nine: and when the actual high-temperature object is measured, repeating the steps from two to six, converting the intensities of the monochromatic images of the three channels into the radiation intensity by adopting a linear emissivity model, and further solving the temperature corresponding to the image.
The further improvement is that: and seventhly, the blackbody radiation intensity is a function of temperature and wavelength according to Planck's law:
in the formula (1) Ib(lambda, T) is the blackbody radiation intensity, W/(m)3Sr); h is Planck constant-6.626X 10- 34J·s(ii) a c is the speed of light-2.998X 108m/s; k is Boltzmann constant-1.3806505 x 10-23J/K; λ is wavelength, in m; t is the temperature of the heat radiation object in K.
The further improvement lies in that: the abscissa of the calibration curve of the black body furnace obtained in the step eight is R, G and the monochrome image intensity S of the three channels BR、SG、SBLog of ratio to exposure time τ -lg (S)R/τ)、lg(SG/τ)、lg(SBτ), where τ is in units: s; image intensity range: 0 to 255. Ordinate is ln [ I ]b(λR)]、ln[Ib(λG)]、ln[Ib(λB)]I.e. logarithmic of the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum, where the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum IbThe unit of (lambda) is W/(m)3·sr)。
The further improvement lies in that: in the ninth step, the radiation of the actual high-temperature object is mainly generated by solid thermal radiation, and the actual radiation intensity of the actual high-temperature object is related to the temperature and emissivity of the object:
I(λ,T)＝ε(λ)Ib(λ,T) (2)
wherein ε (λ) is the spectral emissivity;
the further improvement lies in that: in the ninth step, the linear emissivity model refers to a spectral emissivity of a thermal radiation object such as a solid surface, a continuous spectrum in a flame visible light waveband and the like, which can be expressed as a first-order polynomial function of wavelength. Expression of the linear emissivity model:
ε(λ)＝(a0+a1λ) (3)
wherein: a is0、a1Is a polynomial coefficient.
The actually measured three-color channel image intensity can be converted into the actual radiation intensity I (lambda) of the object according to the radiation calibration result of the blackbody furnaceR,T)、I(λG,T)、I(λBT), the following system of equations is obtained:
for three unknowns a in the system of equations0、a1And T, the equation set is determined positively, and the optimal solution can be obtained according to the least square method. The desired temperature is obtained.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: based on spectral analysis and a common smart phone, a new method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature object is developed, according to the radiation spectrum of the object in a visible light wave band (200nm-1100nm), a linear emissivity model is used, and the actual spectral emissivity and the actual temperature of the object are obtained through spectral analysis and calculation. Compared with the prior art, the flexibility is high, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high temperature measuring device based on a mobile phone camera; wherein: 1-a handset housing; 2-a three-band pass filter; 3-a smart phone; 4-mobile phone camera.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of spectral transmittance of a three-bandpass filter;
FIG. 3 is a calibration curve of radiation intensity of R, G, B three-channel monochromatic spectrum obtained from the interval of 800-1600 deg.C on black-body furnace;
FIG. 4 is an image of a candle flame taken using a three band pass filter at different shutter speeds;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Examples candle flame temperature measurements using the present invention were made to enhance the explanation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a pyrometry device based on a mobile phone camera includes an image capturing device based on a mobile phone camera and image analysis software, where the image capturing device includes: the device comprises a specially-made mobile phone shell 1, three band-pass filters 2 arranged on the mobile phone shell 1, a smart phone 3 and a smart phone 3, wherein the smart phone 3 comprises camera software capable of adjusting exposure time and a lens 4 with certain pixels, and the device acquires a high-temperature image and transmits the high-temperature image to image processing software in the mobile phone 3 for analysis.
The shooting device is remarkably characterized in that a camera 4 of a smart phone 3 is wrapped by a mobile phone shell 1 provided with a three-band-pass filter 2, the center wavelength of the three-band-pass filter is 400nm, 500nm and 600nm, the half-band width of the three-band-pass filter is 100nm, the transmittance R channel is 10%, the transmittance G channel is 20% and the transmittance B channel is 90%.
The invention also provides a high-temperature measuring method based on the mobile phone camera, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calibrating the high-temperature measuring device by using the black body furnace, adjusting the temperature of the black body furnace from 800-1600 ℃, and calibrating once every 50 ℃;
step two: operating a mobile phone camera, switching to a RAW image format mode, facing a lens to a temperature measuring hole of the blackbody furnace, and adjusting the distance between a temperature measuring device and the blackbody furnace to ensure that a hearth image of the blackbody furnace is positioned at the center of a viewing frame, and the images are all positioned in the viewing frame and account for the largest proportion;
step three: after the black body furnace reaches a temperature and is stable, the light sensing time of the mobile phone camera and the matching exposure compensation are adjusted to be minimum, only the shutter time of the mobile phone camera is adjusted, and an initial picture is taken;
step four: the photos are transmitted to the image analysis software for processing, and the intensity of the three-channel image at the center R, G, B of the obtained image is measured;
step five: taking the measured R channel image intensity as a reference, adjusting the parameters of the camera to enable the R, G, B three-channel image intensity to be lower than 250 at most;
step six: after the proper exposure time is adjusted, shooting the same temperature for a plurality of times, and recording exposure time parameters;
step seven: software averages the three-channel image intensities calculated by a plurality of images obtained at the same temperature, inputs exposure time, and determines the corresponding monochromatic blackbody radiation intensity under a certain image intensity, wherein the obtained average value corresponds to the temperature one by one;
step eight: calculating the radiation intensity of the black body at each temperature according to the black body radiation law, respectively taking the mathematical transformation formulas of the image intensity and the radiation intensity of the black body as horizontal and vertical coordinates, and fitting by using a second-order polynomial;
step nine: and when the actual high-temperature object is measured, repeating the steps from two to six, converting the intensities of the monochromatic images of the three channels into the radiation intensity by adopting a linear emissivity model, and further solving the temperature corresponding to the image.
The black body radiation intensity is a function of temperature and wavelength according to planck's law:
in the formula (1) Ib(λ, T) is the blackbody radiation intensity, unit W/(m)3Sr); h is Planck constant-6.626X 10-34J · s; c is the speed of light-2.998X 108m/s; k is Boltzmann constant-1.3806505 x 10-23J/K; λ is wavelength, in m; t is the temperature of the heat radiation object in K.
The mobile phone camera collects images passing through the three-band-pass filter, monochromatic visible light intensity of the images is obtained in the image analysis software, and the principle of the image analysis program is as follows.
The abscissa of the calibration curve of the black-body furnace is R, G and the monochromatic image intensity S of the three channels BR、SG、SBLog of ratio to exposure time τ -lg (S)R/τ)、lg(SG/τ)、lg(SBτ), where τ is in units: s; image intensity range: 0 to 255. Ordinate is ln [ I ]b(λR)]、ln[Ib(λG)]、ln[Ib(λB)]I.e. logarithmic of the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum, where the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum IbThe unit of (lambda) is W/(m)3·sr)。
The radiation for a real high temperature object is mainly generated by solid particle thermal radiation on the surface of the object or in the flame, and the real radiation intensity is related to the temperature and emissivity of the flame:
I(λ,T)＝ε(λ)Ib(λ,T) (2)
where ε (λ) is the spectral emissivity.
The linear emissivity model refers to the spectral emissivity of a thermal radiation object such as a solid surface, a continuous spectrum in a flame visible light waveband and the like, which can be expressed as a first-order polynomial function of wavelength. Expression of the linear emissivity model:
ε(λ)＝(a0+a1λ) (3)
wherein: a is0、a1Is a polynomial coefficient.
Actually measuring to obtain the three-color image intensity S of the candle flame imageR：208.147；SG：124.435；SB: 61.932: exposure time τ: 0.00025 s.
According to the radiation calibration result of the blackbody furnace, the actually measured three-color channel image intensity can be sequentially calculated on a second-order polynomial fitting curve calibrated by the blackbody furnace to obtain the corresponding monochromatic radiation intensity which is taken as the actual radiation intensity I (lambda) of the objectR,T)、I(λG,T)、I(λBT), the following system of equations is obtained:
for three unknowns a in the system of equations0、a1And T, the equation set is positive, and the candle flame temperature is 1429.52K, namely 1156.37 ℃ according to the least square method.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high temperature measurement device based on cell-phone camera which characterized in that:
the high-temperature measuring device comprises a mobile phone camera temperature measuring device and image analysis software; the mobile phone camera temperature measuring device comprises a camera capable of adjusting exposure time and outputting an RAW format image; the image analysis software can obtain an average R, G, B image intensity value at the central point of a shot image, and a three-band-pass filter is additionally arranged at the position of a lens of a mobile phone camera; only R, G, B three-channel monochromatic radiation images are reserved, the central wavelengths of the three-band-pass filter are 400nm, 500nm and 600nm, the half-band width is 100nm, the transmittance R channel is 10%, the transmittance G channel is 20% and the transmittance B channel is 90%, the intensity of the three-channel monochromatic images is converted into the radiation intensity through image analysis software, and then the high-temperature corresponding to the images is obtained.
2. The mobile phone camera-based pyrometric device of claim 1, wherein: the pixel of the mobile phone exceeds 1000 ten thousand.
3. The mobile phone camera-based pyrometric device of claim 1, wherein: the three-band-pass filter is installed on the mobile phone shell and is tightly attached to the mobile phone camera.
4. A high temperature measuring method based on a mobile phone camera, which uses the high temperature measuring device of claim 1, 2 or 3, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calibrating the high-temperature measuring device by using the black body furnace, adjusting the temperature of the black body furnace from 800-1600 ℃, and calibrating once every 50 ℃;
step two: operating a mobile phone camera, switching to a RAW image format mode, facing a lens to a temperature measuring hole of the blackbody furnace, and adjusting the distance between a temperature measuring device and the blackbody furnace to ensure that a hearth image of the blackbody furnace is positioned at the center of a viewing frame, and the images are all positioned in the viewing frame and account for the largest proportion;
step three: after the black body furnace reaches a temperature and is stable, the light sensing time of the mobile phone camera and the matching exposure compensation are adjusted to be minimum, only the shutter time of the mobile phone camera is adjusted, and an initial picture is taken;
step four: the photos are transmitted to the image analysis software for processing, and the intensity of the three-channel image at the center R, G, B of the obtained image is measured;
step five: taking the measured R channel image intensity as a reference, adjusting the parameters of the camera to enable the R, G, B three-channel image intensity to be lower than 250 at most;
step six: after the proper exposure time is adjusted, shooting the same temperature for a plurality of times, and recording exposure time parameters;
step seven: software averages the three-channel image intensities calculated by a plurality of images obtained at the same temperature, inputs exposure time, and determines the corresponding monochromatic blackbody radiation intensity under a certain image intensity, wherein the obtained average value corresponds to the temperature one by one;
step eight: calculating the radiation intensity of the black body at each temperature according to the black body radiation law, respectively taking the mathematical transformation formulas of the image intensity and the radiation intensity of the black body as horizontal and vertical coordinates, and fitting by using a second-order polynomial;
step nine: and when the actual high-temperature object is measured, repeating the steps from two to six, converting the intensities of the monochromatic images of the three channels into the radiation intensity by adopting a linear emissivity model, and further solving the temperature corresponding to the image.
5. The method for measuring the high temperature based on the mobile phone camera according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step seven is that the radiation intensity of the monochromatic black body is a function of temperature and wavelength
In the formula Ib(λ, T) is the monochromatic blackbody radiation intensity, with the unit W/(m)3Sr); h is Planck constant-6.626X 10-34J · s; c is the speed of light-2.998X 108m/s; k is Boltzmann constant-1.3806505 x 10-23J/K；λiIs the wavelength, in m; i ═R, G, B, respectively; t is the temperature of the heat radiation object in K.
6. The method for measuring the high temperature based on the mobile phone camera according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the abscissa of the black body furnace calibration curve obtained in the step eight is the monochromatic image intensity S of R, G and B channelsR、SG、SBLogarithmic conversion of the ratio of the respective exposure times τ -lg (S)R/τ)、lg(SG/τ)、lg(SB/τ), where the unit of τ: s; image intensity range: 0 to 255; ordinate is ln [ I ]b(λR)]、ln[Ib(λG)]、ln[Ib(λB)]I.e. logarithmic of the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum, where the intensity of radiation of the monochromatic spectrum IbThe unit of (lambda) is W/(m)3·sr)。
7. The method for measuring the high temperature based on the mobile phone camera according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the radiation of the actual high-temperature object in the ninth step is generated by the thermal radiation of solid particles on the surface of the object or in the flame: i (λ, T) ═ epsilon (λ) Ib(λ, T), wherein ∈ (λ) is spectral emissivity; the linear emissivity model refers to the spectral emissivity of a thermal radiation object such as a solid surface, a continuous spectrum in a flame visible light waveband and the like, which can be expressed as a polynomial function of wavelength: epsilon (lambda) ═ a0+a1λ+a2λ2+···+amλm(ii) a If m is 1, the emissivity can be expressed as a first order polynomial; expression of the linear emissivity model: i (λ, T) ═ a0+a1λ)Ib(λ,T)；
Converting the actually measured three-color channel image intensity into the actual radiation intensity I (lambda) of the object according to the radiation calibration result of the blackbody furnaceR,T)、I(λG,T)、I(λBT), the following system of equations is obtained:
for three unknowns in the equation set, the equation set is positive, according to the least square methodAnd (5) obtaining an optimal solution.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116448739A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-07-18 | 华北电力大学 | Method for measuring gas phase alkali metal concentration in furnace based on flame self-emission spectrum |
| CN117074321A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江大学 | Method for detecting chemical components of extracting solution based on infrared light information smart phone |
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