CN114448038A - Battery charging control method - Google Patents
Battery charging control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114448038A CN114448038A CN202210079721.0A CN202210079721A CN114448038A CN 114448038 A CN114448038 A CN 114448038A CN 202210079721 A CN202210079721 A CN 202210079721A CN 114448038 A CN114448038 A CN 114448038A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a battery charging control method, which is suitable for a charging circuit comprising a battery, and comprises the following steps: acquiring the battery voltage of the battery; acquiring the charging current of the charging circuit; when the charging circuit is trickle charged until the battery voltage is a first threshold voltage, controlling the charging current to be a first charging current; and controlling the charging current to gradually drop from the first charging current to a second charging current in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to a second threshold voltage. The battery charging control method can control the charging current to gradually decrease along with the increase of the battery voltage in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, can accelerate the charging speed compared with the existing battery charging mode, simultaneously ensures that the charging current is always within the acceptable current curve safety range of the battery, and improves the charging safety and the charging speed of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a battery charging control method.
Background
At present, in the field of lithium battery charging, constant-current charging and constant-voltage charging are generally combined and applied to the battery charging process, so that charging safety and charging rate can be both considered, but a certain difference exists between a current curve of the charging mode and a current value acceptable by a battery, namely the charging rate also has a certain promotion space.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a battery charging control method, which improves the battery charging rate on the basis of ensuring the battery charging safety.
A battery charging control method is suitable for a charging circuit containing a battery, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring the battery voltage of a battery;
acquiring a charging current of a charging circuit;
when the charging circuit is charged trickle until the battery voltage is a first threshold voltage, controlling the charging current to be a first charging current;
and controlling the charging current to gradually decrease from the first charging current to the second charging current in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage.
According to the technical scheme, the battery charging control method provided by the invention can control the charging current to gradually decrease along with the increase of the battery voltage in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, can accelerate the charging speed compared with the existing battery charging mode, and meanwhile, ensures that the charging current is always within the acceptable current curve safety range of the battery, thereby improving the safety and the charging rate of the battery charging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging control method according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a signal graph in a charging circuit provided by an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a battery safe charging current curve.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a battery charge control method for a charging circuit including a linear circuit.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit including a linear circuit according to an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a battery charge control method applied to a charging circuit including a booster circuit and a linear circuit.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit including a voltage boosting circuit and a linear circuit according to an embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for selecting an operating state of a boost circuit according to an embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a battery charge control method suitable for a charging circuit including a voltage step-down circuit and a linear circuit.
Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit including a voltage step-down circuit and a linear circuit according to an embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for gradually decreasing the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current.
Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram suitable for a charging circuit including a current mirror and a linear circuit.
Fig. 13 is a flow chart of a method of determining a charging current based on a target distance.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a charge current reduction mode.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
In describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and/or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. Other orders of steps are possible as will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the particular order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as limitations on the claims. Further, the claims directed to the method and/or process should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the sequences may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Example (b):
a battery charging control method, applied to a charging circuit including a battery, see fig. 1, includes:
step S1: the battery voltage of the battery is acquired.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit may be connected between the power supply and the battery, and convert the electric energy output by the power supply into electric energy that can be used for charging the battery. The power supply may include, but is not limited to, an adapter, a USB port, a discharging device, etc. The battery may include a device capable of storing and discharging electric energy, for example, the battery may include a lithium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a cadmium-nickel battery, etc., and the type of the battery is not particularly limited herein. In addition, the battery may also be regarded as a battery assembly, which includes one or more charging units, and all the charging units in the battery may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination thereof, and output a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the structure of the battery is not particularly limited herein.
When the battery charging control method is applied to a charging circuit, the battery voltage of a battery needs to be acquired, the battery voltage can be obtained by calculating the difference between the positive voltage value and the negative voltage value, the negative electrode of the battery can also be connected with the grounding terminal, the battery voltage can be obtained by acquiring the positive voltage value, and the voltage which can be used for representing the battery voltage (for example, the voltage which has a linear relation and a functional relation with the battery voltage) can also be acquired.
Step S2: and acquiring the charging current of the charging circuit.
In this embodiment, the battery charging control method needs to obtain the charging current of the charging circuit, and the charging current can be regarded as the current flowing into the battery during charging (for example, the current flowing into the positive electrode of the battery). In some examples, the current of the battery may be directly detected, the current for characterizing the charging current (for example, the current having a linear relationship or a functional relationship with the charging current) may be obtained, the voltage for characterizing the charging current (for example, the voltage having a linear relationship or a functional relationship with the charging current) may be obtained, and the obtaining manner of the charging current is not particularly limited.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the execution sequence of the step S1 and the step S2 is not limited.
Step S3: when the charging circuit is charged to the battery voltage with the first threshold voltage, the charging current is controlled to be the first charging current.
Referring to fig. 2, the battery charge control method may preset a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, wherein the second threshold voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and specific values of the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage may be determined according to a battery or a charging circuit used. When the charging circuit charges the battery, if the battery voltage is less than the first threshold voltage, which indicates that the battery voltage is lower at present, the battery enters into an early-stage slow charging state, and the charging circuit can enter into a trickle mode to charge the battery. When the charging circuit is in the trickle mode, the charging circuit provides a trickle current to charge the battery, the trickle current being typically a small current, such as 1/10 or 1/20 which may be the normal charging current. The trickle current can be in a constant state in the whole charging process, and when the voltage of the battery reaches a first threshold voltage, the charging current is controlled to be the first charging current, so that the charging speed of the battery is improved.
It should be noted that according to the optimal charging current curve of the battery (such as the current Ic shown in fig. 2 and 3) in the gauss theory, in order to ensure the safety of the battery charging, the first charging current should be less than or equal to the optimal charging current at the moment when the charging voltage is the first threshold voltage, so as to ensure the safety of the battery charging under the condition of increasing the charging rate of the battery. Since the optimal charging current curves of different batteries may not be consistent, the curve may be obtained by fitting in advance before the battery charging control method is implemented, and the magnitude of the first charging current may be set based on actual requirements.
Step S4: and controlling the charging current to gradually decrease from the first charging current to the second charging current in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage.
In this embodiment, as the voltage of the battery increases during the charging process, in order to ensure charging safety, the charging circuit controls the charging current to gradually decrease, so that in a stage when the voltage of the battery increases from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, the charging circuit enters the current transformation mode, and controls the charging current to gradually decrease from the first charging current to the second charging current, where the magnitude of the second charging current may be determined according to the battery or the charging circuit used, and similarly, the second charging current should also be less than or equal to the optimal charging current at the moment when the charging voltage is the second threshold voltage. Additionally, the second threshold voltage may be a voltage at which the battery approaches a fully charged state, such as a battery voltage when the battery is charged to 90% of the total charge.
In this embodiment, after the battery voltage reaches the second threshold voltage, the battery voltage is maintained constant, the charging circuit gradually controls the charging current to decrease to the third threshold current, and after the charging current decreases to the third threshold current, the charging current stops working, and the charging process of the battery is finished. Wherein the third threshold current may be determined based on the particular battery or charging system being used. For example, the third threshold current may be set at 1/20 of the normal charging current.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a battery safe charging current curve, IcIndicating that the maximum charging current acceptable for the battery, the first charging current and the second charging current need to be less than IcTherefore, the charging current can be ensured to be always within the acceptable range of the charging current of the battery, and the charging safety of the battery is ensured.
It can be seen that when the battery voltage is less than the first threshold voltage, the battery voltage rises with time, and in the phase of the battery voltage rising from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, the battery voltage also rises with time, and in the two phases, the battery voltage may rise in a non-linear manner.
In this embodiment, by implementing the battery charging control method, the charging current can be controlled to gradually decrease along with the increase of the battery voltage in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, and compared with the existing battery charging mode, the charging speed can be increased, the charging current is ensured to be always within the acceptable current curve safety range of the battery, and the safety and the charging rate of the battery charging are improved.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit includes a linear circuit having a tuning tube, and referring to fig. 4, the battery charging control method further includes:
step S11: a first input voltage at an input terminal of the linear circuit is obtained.
Step S12: and controlling the working state of the adjusting tube according to the first input voltage and the battery voltage.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the linear circuit may include an adjusting tube 1 and a control circuit 2, a first end of the adjusting tube 1 is used as an input end of the linear circuit, a second end of the adjusting tube 1 is respectively connected to a first end of a battery 3 and a first end of the control circuit 2, a third end of the adjusting tube 1 is connected to a second end of the control circuit 2, and a second end of the battery 3 is connected to a ground end. The adjusting tube 1 may be a power tube, the third end of the adjusting tube 1 is a base, and if the first end of the adjusting tube 1 is a collector, the second end thereof is an emitter. If the first end of the tuning tube 1 is an emitter, the second end thereof is a collector. The first end of the battery 3 may be a positive electrode and the second end thereof a negative electrode. The first input voltage is Vin1 in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the control circuit 2 may set a reference current Iref, the reference current Iref may be used for comparing with the charging current, and the control circuit 2 controls the adjusting tube 1 according to the comparison result, so that the charging current output by the adjusting tube 1 and the reference current Iref are substantially consistent, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the charging current to a target current value. The control circuit 2 may set a corresponding relationship between the reference current Iref and the battery voltage, so that when the battery voltage is a first threshold voltage, the reference current Iref is a first charging current; in the stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, the reference current Iref gradually decreases from the first charging current to the second charging current. For example, the control circuit 2 may compare the reference current Iref with the charging current, and if the charging current is greater than the reference current Iref, which indicates that the charging current is greater than the target current value, the control circuit 2 controls the adjusting tube 1, and controls the frequency and duty ratio of the output current of the adjusting tube 1, so that the charging current is reduced to the reference current Iref. If the charging current is smaller than the reference current Iref, which indicates that the charging current is smaller than the target current value, the control circuit 2 controls the adjusting tube 1 to increase the charging current to the reference current Iref.
In this embodiment, the adjusting tube 1 is controlled by the first input voltage and the battery voltage, so that the adjusting tube 1 can bear a voltage difference between the first input voltage and the battery voltage, that is, the voltage difference borne by the adjusting tube 1 is larger when the first input voltage is larger, and it is ensured that the charging current can be reduced from the first charging current to the second charging current substantially according to the reference current Iref in a stage when the battery voltage is increased from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit includes a boost circuit and a linear circuit, and referring to fig. 6, the battery charging control method further includes:
step S21: and acquiring a second input voltage of the input end of the booster circuit.
Step S22: and if the second input voltage is less than the battery voltage, controlling the booster circuit to enter a boosting state so as to enable the first output voltage at the output end of the booster circuit to be greater than the battery voltage.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit may refer to fig. 7, the charging circuit includes a voltage boost circuit and a linear circuit, the voltage boost circuit includes an inductor 5, a first switch 6, a second switch 7 and a capacitor 4, and the linear circuit includes a regulating tube 1 and a control circuit 2. The first end of inductance 5 is as boost circuit's input, the first end of first switch 6 and the first end of second switch 7 are connected respectively to the second end of inductance 5, the ground is connected to the second end of second switch 7, the second end of first switch 6 is connected to the first end of electric capacity 4 and the first end of adjusting tube 1 respectively, the ground is connected to the second end of electric capacity 4, the second end of adjusting tube 1 is connected to the first end of battery 3 and the first end of control circuit 2 respectively, the third end connection control circuit 2's of adjusting tube 1 second end, the earthing terminal is connected to the second end of battery 3. The third terminal and the fourth terminal of the control circuit 2 are connected to the third terminal of the first switch 6 and the third terminal of the second switch 7, respectively. The first switch 6 and the second switch 7 may be transistors or diodes. In fig. 7, Vin2 is the second input voltage input by the voltage boost circuit, and Vcharge1 is the first output voltage output by the voltage boost circuit. The first switch 6 may also have two connection terminals, and at this time, the first switch 6 is a diode, an anode of the diode is connected to the first terminals of the inductor 5 and the second switch 7, respectively, and a cathode of the diode is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor 4.
In this embodiment, in the linear circuit of the actual charging circuit, there may be a situation that the first input voltage at the input terminal of the linear circuit is insufficient, and in this case, in order to ensure normal charging of the linear circuit, a voltage boost circuit needs to be added at the front end of the linear circuit to boost the first input voltage at the input terminal of the linear circuit.
In this embodiment, when the second input voltage Vin2 is less than the battery voltage Vbat, which indicates that the second input voltage Vin2 is insufficient, the voltage boost circuit is controlled to enter the boost state, and the first input voltage at the input end of the linear circuit is raised, that is, the first output voltage Vcharge1 at the output end of the voltage boost circuit is raised, so that the first output voltage Vcharge1 is greater than the battery voltage. For example, the control circuit 2 may control the first switch 6 to be in a normally-on state and control the second switch 7 to be in an on and off switching state, so that the voltage boosting circuit enters a voltage boosting state to operate.
It should be noted that, at this time, the first output voltage Vcharge1 may be controlled to be greater than the battery voltage, and the smaller the difference between the first output voltage Vcharge1 and the battery voltage, that is, the smaller the power consumption of the adjustment tube 1 itself, so that in the case where the first output voltage Vcharge1 satisfies the battery charging, the smaller the first output voltage Vcharge1, the lower the power consumption of the charging circuit. The first output voltage Vcharge1 may be variable or constant.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit control in the trickle mode, the variable current mode, and the constant voltage mode can be further realized by realizing the battery charging when the input voltage is small in step S21 and step S22.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit may include a boost circuit and a linear circuit, and the battery charging control method further includes:
and if the second input voltage is greater than the battery voltage, controlling the booster circuit to enter a non-boosting state, or controlling the booster circuit to enter a boosting state, and controlling the linear circuit to bear the voltage difference between the first output voltage and the battery voltage.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 7, when the battery voltage Vbat is less than the second input voltage Vin2, there are two control modes:
1) when the second input voltage Vin2 is greater than the battery voltage Vbat, the boost circuit may be controlled to enter a non-boost state and not be operated. For example, the control circuit 2 may control the second switch 7 to be in the off state and the first switch 6 to be in the normally-on state, so that the voltage boosting circuit enters the non-boosting state, and at this time, the first output voltage Vcharge1 is substantially equal to the sum of the voltage drop of the second input voltage Vin2 and the voltage drop of the first switch 6 itself. At this time, the charging current can be adjusted by controlling the adjusting tube 1, and the charging of the battery 3 is completed.
2) When the second input voltage Vin2 is greater than the battery voltage Vbat, the first switch 6 may be controlled to be in a normally-on state, and the second switch 7 may be controlled to be in a switching state of on and off, so that the voltage boost circuit enters a boost state to operate, and the first output voltage Vcharge1 is greater than the battery voltage Vbat. At this time, the charging current can be adjusted by controlling the adjusting tube 1, so that the adjusting tube 1 bears more voltage difference between the first output voltage Vcharge1 and the battery voltage Vbat, and the charging of the battery 3 is completed. The first output voltage Vcharge1 may be variable or constant.
In this embodiment, when the second input voltage Vin2 and the battery voltage Vbat have any magnitude relationship, the voltage boost circuit may be controlled to enter a boost state or a non-boost state, so that the first output voltage Vcharge1 and the charging current may meet the requirement of charging the battery.
Further, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, a battery charge control method includes:
step S31: the method comprises the steps of obtaining first power consumption and first efficiency required by a booster circuit in a boosting state.
Step S32: and acquiring second power consumption and second efficiency required by the linear circuit to bear the voltage difference.
Step S33: and determining that the boost circuit enters a non-boost state or a boost state when the second input voltage is greater than the battery voltage according to the first power consumption, the first efficiency, the second power consumption and the second efficiency.
In the present embodiment, in the charging circuit shown in fig. 7, when the battery voltage Vbat is lower than the second input voltage Vin2, the boost voltage may or may not be operated in the above two control methods. The present embodiment provides a method for controlling battery charging, which can control whether the boost circuit operates according to the comparison result of power consumption of the boost circuit and the linear circuit. In the charging process of the linear circuit, the working state of the adjusting tube 1 needs to be controlled, so that the adjusting tube 1 can bear the voltage difference between the first input voltage input by the linear circuit and the battery voltage, in the process, the linear circuit has second power consumption, and the second power consumption may include the self power consumption of the adjusting tube 1. When the booster circuit enters a boosting state to work, first power consumption exists, and the first power consumption can comprise the power consumption of the first switch 7 in a switching state of turning on and off and the power consumption of the second switch 7. The method can determine that the booster circuit enters a non-boosting state or a boosting state according to the first power consumption and the second power consumption, for example, if the sum of the first power consumption and the second power consumption is larger than the sum of the first power consumption and the second power consumption when the booster circuit enters the non-boosting state, the booster circuit is controlled to enter the non-boosting state, and vice versa.
In addition, if the circuit power consumption of the booster circuit is large, the circuit power consumption of the booster circuit, that is, the switching power consumption of the second switch 7 can be adjusted. If the circuit power consumption of the linear circuit is large, the circuit power consumption of the linear circuit can be reduced, that is, the power consumption of the adjusting tube 1 is adjusted, so that the power consumption of the charging circuit is small.
In the present embodiment, the first efficiency may include a ratio between the electric energy input by the power supply and the electric energy stored in the battery in the case that the first switch 7 is in the on-off state and the regulating tube 1 is normally on, and the larger the ratio, the lower the efficiency; the second efficiency may comprise the ratio between the electrical energy input by the power supply and the electrical energy stored in the battery in the case of a normally open regulating tube 1, the greater this ratio, the lower the efficiency. One skilled in the art can determine that the boost circuit enters a non-boost state or a boost state when the second input voltage is greater than the battery voltage based on the first power consumption, the first efficiency, the second power consumption and the second efficiency, so as to select an optimal operating state of the boost circuit.
In the present embodiment, through the implementation of the steps S31 to S33, the battery can be charged preferably in a manner that the power consumption of the charging circuit is small, and the waste of energy can be reduced.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit includes a voltage step-down circuit and a linear circuit, and referring to fig. 9, the battery charging control method further includes:
step S41: and acquiring a third input voltage of the input end of the voltage reduction circuit.
Step S42: if the third input voltage is greater than the battery voltage, the voltage reduction circuit is controlled to enter a voltage reduction state, so that the second output voltage of the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is closer to the battery voltage than the third input voltage.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 10, the charging circuit includes a voltage-reducing circuit including an inductor 5, a first switch 6, a second switch 7, and a capacitor 4, and a linear circuit including a regulating tube 1 and a control circuit 2. The first end of second switch 7 is as step-down circuit's input, the second end and the first switch 6 of second switch 7, the first end of inductance 5 is connected respectively, the second end and the first end of electric capacity 4 of inductance 5 are connected, the second end of electric capacity 4, the second end and the ground connection of first switch 6, the second end of adjusting tube 1 is connected to the first end of battery 3 and the first end of control circuit 2 respectively, the third end connection control circuit 2's of adjusting tube 1 second end, the earthing terminal is connected to the second end of battery 3. The third terminal and the fourth terminal of the control circuit 2 are connected to the third terminal of the first switch 6 and the third terminal of the second switch 7, respectively. The first switch 6 and the second switch 7 may be transistors or diodes. In fig. 10, Vin3 is the third input voltage input by the voltage-reducing circuit, and Vcharge2 is the second output voltage output by the voltage-reducing circuit. The first switch 6 may also have two connection terminals, and at this time, the first switch 6 is a diode, an anode of the diode is connected to the ground, and a cathode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the second switch 7 and the first terminal of the inductor 5, respectively.
In this embodiment, in the linear circuit of the actual charging circuit, there may be a situation where the first input voltage (Vin 1 in fig. 5) at the input terminal of the linear circuit is too high, and in order to ensure normal charging of the linear circuit, a voltage reduction circuit needs to be added at the front end of the linear circuit to reduce the first input voltage at the input terminal of the linear circuit.
In this embodiment, when the third input voltage Vin3 is greater than the battery voltage Vbat, it is indicated that the third input voltage Vin3 is too high, the first switch 6 is in a normally on state, and the second switch 7 is controlled to be in an on and off switching state, so that the voltage reduction circuit enters a voltage reduction state, and the first input voltage at the input end of the linear circuit is reduced, that is, the second output voltage Vcharge2 at the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is reduced, so that the second output voltage Vcharge2 at the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is closer to the battery voltage Vbat than the third input voltage Vin3, so that the second output voltage Vcharge2 at the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is closer to the battery voltage Vbat than the third input voltage, that is, the difference between the second output voltage Vcharge2 and the battery voltage Vbat is smaller than the difference between the third input voltage Vin3 and the battery voltage Vbat.
In this embodiment, when the battery voltage Vbat is smaller than the first threshold voltage, the charging circuit performs the trickle mode, the control circuit 2 may control the second switch 7 to be in the on/off switching state, control the first switch 6 to be in the unidirectional normal on state, and control the voltage reduction circuit to enter the voltage reduction state, at which time the second output voltage Vcharge2 is smaller than the third input voltage Vin3, and the control circuit 2 controls the regulating tube 1 to make the charging current in the trickle state, so that the battery voltage gradually increases. Or, the second switch 7 is controlled to be in a cut-off state, the first switch 6 is controlled to be in a normally cut-off state, the voltage reduction circuit enters a non-voltage reduction state, the control circuit 2 controls the adjusting tube 1 to enable the charging current to be in a trickle state, and the battery voltage is gradually increased.
When the battery voltage Vbat is greater than the first threshold voltage and less than the second threshold voltage, the charging circuit performs a current conversion mode, the control circuit 2 can control the second switch 7 to be in a conduction-stop switching state, the control circuit 2 can control the first switch 6 to be in a unidirectional conduction state, the voltage reduction circuit enters a voltage reduction state (or can be controlled to enter a non-voltage reduction state), at this time, the second output voltage Vcharge2 is less than the third input voltage Vin3, the battery voltage gradually increases, and the control circuit 2 controls the regulating tube 1 to reduce the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current.
When the battery voltage Vbat is equal to the second threshold voltage, the control circuit 2 may control the second switch 7 to be in an on/off switching state, the control circuit 2 may control the first switch 6 to be in a unidirectional on state, the voltage reduction circuit enters a voltage reduction state (or may be controlled to enter a non-voltage reduction state), at this time, the second output voltage Vcharge2 is smaller than the third input voltage Vin3, the battery voltage remains constant, the control circuit 2 controls the adjustment tube 1, so that the charging current reaches a value from the second charging current to the third threshold current, and when the charging current reaches the third threshold current, the second switch 7, the first switch 6, and the adjustment tube 1 are controlled to be off, and the charging is turned off.
In summary, when the charging circuit includes the voltage-reducing circuit, the voltage-reducing circuit is always in an operating state in the trickle mode, the variable current mode and the constant voltage mode to adjust the third input voltage Vin3 to the second output voltage Vcharge2, preferably, the second output voltage Vcharge2 is slightly larger than the battery voltage Vbat. In addition, in the trickle phase, the method can also control the voltage reduction circuit not to work, and adjust the charging current through the adjusting tube 1, so as to reduce the switching loss of the voltage reduction module.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit comprises a current mirror, and with reference to fig. 11, the gradually decreasing of the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current comprises:
step S51: and acquiring an electric signal of a mirror image input part of the current mirror, wherein the electric signal has a proportional relation with the charging current.
Step S52: and acquiring a reference current inversely proportional to the battery voltage in a stage when the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage.
Step S53: the charging current is controlled according to the electrical signal and the reference current.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit refers to fig. 12, the charging circuit may include a current mirror and a linear circuit, the current mirror includes a mirror image tube 8 and a resistor 9, the linear circuit includes an adjusting tube 1 and a control circuit 2, a first end of the adjusting tube 1 serves as an input end of the linear circuit, a first end of the mirror image tube 8 is connected to the first end of the adjusting tube 1, a second end of the mirror image tube 8 is connected to the first end of the resistor 9 and the first end of the control circuit 2, a second end of the resistor 9 is grounded, a second end of the adjusting tube 1 is connected to the first end of the battery 3, a third end of the adjusting tube 1 is connected to the third end of the mirror image tube 8 and the second end of the control circuit 2, and a second end of the battery 3 is connected to the ground.
In the present embodiment, the electrical signal of the mirror input portion of the current mirror is the output signal of the second end of the mirror tube 8 (i.e. the current flowing through the resistor 9), the current flowing through the resistor 9 is generally much smaller than the charging current, and there is a proportional relationship between the charging current and the current flowing through the resistor 9. The scaling factor can be determined according to the battery or charging circuit used, and the scaling factor can be set in advance or adjusted during the charging process. The electrical signal and the charging current may be positively or negatively correlated. For example, the electrical signal may be a current signal with different frequencies and different duty ratios, and the control circuit 2 controls the mirror tube 8 to output the current signal with different frequencies and different duty ratios, so as to control the output current of the regulating tube 1, and further control the charging current. The reference current Iref is related to the charging current as described above for the linear circuit.
In the present embodiment, since the current of the mirror tube 8 is much smaller than the current flowing through the adjustment tube 1, the power consumption used by the circuit for collecting the electrical signal (which can be regarded as the voltage signal converted by the resistor 9) representing the charging current is small, so that the power consumption of the circuit can be reduced.
Further, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 13, a battery charge control method includes:
step S61: a target charge rate for charging the battery is obtained.
Step S62: a target distance between the charging current and a maximum charging current receivable by the battery is determined based on the target charging rate.
Step S63: and controlling the magnitude of the charging current at the stage that the charging current is gradually reduced from the first charging current to the second charging current according to the target distance.
In this embodiment, the method may adjust the magnitude of the charging current in the variable current mode, so that the charging rate of the charging circuit reaches the target charging rate. The target charge rate may be determined at the discretion of the user. The target distance is the difference between the charging current and the maximum charging current which can be received by the battery, and the method determines the target distance according to the target charging rate, for example, the larger the target charging rate is, the smaller the target distance is. The method determines the charging current based on the target distance, e.g., the smaller the target distance, the larger the charging current. In this embodiment, since the optimal charging current curve of the battery can be pre-fitted, the difference between the charging current and the current of the corresponding optimal charging current curve of the battery can be obtained in real time during the charging process. Therefore, when the target charging rate is larger, the target distance can be reduced as much as possible, the charging rate is increased, and meanwhile, the charging safety of the battery is guaranteed.
Further, in some embodiments, the gradual decrease of the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current includes, but is not limited to, a linear decreasing manner, a step decreasing manner, and a curve decreasing manner.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 14, the manner in which the charging current can be decreased from the first charging current to the second charging current includes linear, step, curve, and the like. There is no particular limitation on the implementation of linear, stepped or curved descent. The user can select one or more modes of self-selection according to the used battery or the charging system to comprehensively regulate the charging current. The battery charging control method supports various charging current adjusting modes and is flexible in adjustment.
Further, in some embodiments, the charging circuit includes, but is not limited to, a Buck-Boost charging circuit, a Sepic charging circuit, a Cuk charging circuit, a Zeta charging circuit.
In this embodiment, the battery charging control method may also be applied to a Buck-Boost charging circuit, a Sepic charging circuit, a Cuk charging circuit, and a Zeta charging circuit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A battery charging control method is applied to a charging circuit containing a battery, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the battery voltage of the battery;
acquiring the charging current of the charging circuit;
when the charging circuit is trickle charged until the battery voltage is a first threshold voltage, controlling the charging current to be a first charging current;
and controlling the charging current to gradually drop from the first charging current to a second charging current in a stage that the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to a second threshold voltage.
2. The battery charge control method of claim 1, wherein the charging circuit comprises a linear circuit having a tuning tube, the battery charge control method further comprising:
acquiring a first input voltage of the input end of the linear circuit;
and controlling the working state of the adjusting tube according to the first input voltage and the battery voltage.
3. The battery charge control method according to claim 1, wherein the charging circuit includes a booster circuit and a linear circuit, the battery charge control method further comprising:
acquiring a second input voltage of the input end of the booster circuit;
and if the second input voltage is less than the battery voltage, controlling the booster circuit to enter a boosting state so as to enable the first output voltage of the output end of the booster circuit to be greater than the battery voltage.
4. The battery charge control method according to claim 1, wherein the charging circuit includes a booster circuit and a linear circuit, the battery charge control method further comprising:
and if the second input voltage is greater than the battery voltage, controlling the booster circuit to enter a non-boosting state, or controlling the booster circuit to enter a boosting state, and controlling the linear circuit to bear the voltage difference between the first output voltage and the battery voltage.
5. The battery charge control method according to claim 4, characterized by comprising:
acquiring first power consumption and first efficiency required by the booster circuit in the boosting state;
acquiring second power consumption and second efficiency required by the linear circuit to bear the pressure difference;
and determining that the booster circuit enters the non-boosting state or the boosting state when the second input voltage is greater than the battery voltage according to the first power consumption, the first efficiency, the second power consumption and the second efficiency.
6. The battery charge control method according to claim 1, wherein the charging circuit includes a voltage-reducing circuit and a linear circuit, the battery charge control method further comprising:
acquiring a third input voltage of the input end of the voltage reduction circuit;
and if the third input voltage is greater than the battery voltage, controlling the voltage reduction circuit to enter a voltage reduction state, so that the second output voltage of the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is closer to the battery voltage than the third input voltage.
7. The battery charge control method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the charging circuit comprises a current mirror, and wherein the gradually decreasing of the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current comprises:
acquiring an electric signal of a mirror image input part of the current mirror, wherein the electric signal and the charging current have a proportional relation;
acquiring a reference current inversely proportional to the battery voltage in a stage when the battery voltage rises from the first threshold voltage to a second threshold voltage;
controlling the charging current according to the electrical signal and the reference current.
8. The battery charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising:
acquiring a target charging rate for charging the battery;
determining a target distance between the charging current and a maximum charging current receivable by the battery according to the target charging rate;
and controlling the magnitude of the charging current in a stage that the charging current gradually decreases from the first charging current to the second charging current according to the target distance.
9. The battery charging control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the gradual decrease of the charging current from the first charging current to the second charging current includes, but is not limited to, a linear decreasing manner, a step decreasing manner, and a curve decreasing manner.
10. The battery charge control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the charging circuit includes, but is not limited to, a Buck-Boost charging circuit, a Sepic charging circuit, a Cuk charging circuit, a Zeta charging circuit.
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| CN202210079721.0A CN114448038A (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Battery charging control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116207828A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-06-02 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Charging method and electronic equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116207828A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-06-02 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Charging method and electronic equipment |
| CN116207828B (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-10-03 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Charging method and electronic equipment |
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