CN114443654A - Method and system for modifying length of spatial data block of database table on line - Google Patents

Method and system for modifying length of spatial data block of database table on line Download PDF

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CN114443654A
CN114443654A CN202210046141.1A CN202210046141A CN114443654A CN 114443654 A CN114443654 A CN 114443654A CN 202210046141 A CN202210046141 A CN 202210046141A CN 114443654 A CN114443654 A CN 114443654A
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data block
tablespace
original
temporary
block
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CN114443654B (en
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马国良
陈彬
张洪宾
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Suzhou Inspur Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Inspur Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/121923 priority patent/WO2023134224A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/22Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/2282Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23Updating
    • G06F16/235Update request formulation

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for modifying the length of a data block in a database table space on line, wherein the method comprises the steps of establishing a temporary table space according to the sum of the sizes of objects in an original table space, wherein the length of a data block in the temporary table space is different from the length of the data block in the original table space; acquiring an object data block of an original tablespace, moving the object data block, merging the object data block of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data block is enlarged, and writing the merged object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively; and deleting the original tablespace until the object of the original tablespace is processed, and modifying the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace. The invention provides a new choice for the database to adjust the database performance by changing the size of the data block, and is convenient for optimizing the database.

Description

Method and system for modifying length of spatial data block of database table on line
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of databases, in particular to a method and a system for modifying the length of a spatial data block of a database table on line.
Background
The data BLOCK length DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE is used as the minimum unit of operation of the database, and DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE is generally set to be a multiple of the operating system BLOCK, i.e., 2K,4K,8K,16K, or 32K, but its SIZE is generally influenced by the use of the database. For online transactions, which are characterized by a large number of transactions but a small amount of data per transaction, it is sufficient to set the DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE small, typically 4K or 8K, so that setting too large a portion of the data read at one time is useless and can slow down the read and write time of the database while increasing unnecessary I/O operations. For applications in data warehouse and ERP, the data SIZE of each transaction is large, so the DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE is generally set to be large, generally 8K,16K or 32K, and if the DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE is small, the I/O frequency will naturally increase, and the consumption will also increase.
A larger DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE provides a certain improvement in index performance because a larger DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE allows a larger number of rows of indices to be read at a time by a DB _ BLOCK. For a record with a large row, if a DB _ BLOCK cannot be placed in the next row, the database needs to perform row linking when reading data, and the row linking affects the reading performance. This situation can be avoided if DB _ BLOCK _ SIZE is a little larger.
A database may require the use of different sized data blocks for different purposes, but the impact of the data block size on performance may not be considered when creating the database or table space, and it may be appreciated that the data block size needs to be adjusted to improve performance only when performance is affected by the data block size, but it is very cumbersome to adjust the data block size for an already-on-line production database. After a tablespace is created, its block size is not changed, if the block size used by an object (table, index, etc.) is to be adjusted, a tablespace using a specific data block size needs to be newly created, and then the object in the tablespace is moved to the new tablespace by a MOVE command. Or, the data in the tablespace is exported, then the tablespace is deleted to reconstruct the tablespace, and then the data is exported back to the tablespace. The two modes can cause the problem that objects in the table space cannot be accessed in the operation process, and the normal use of the database is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for modifying the length of a spatial data block of a database table on line, which are used for solving the problem that the normal use of the database is influenced by the conventional data block length adjustment mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for modifying the length of a spatial data block of a database table on line in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
creating a temporary table space according to the sum of the sizes of the objects in the original table space, wherein the length of a data block in the temporary table space is different from that of the data block in the original table space;
acquiring an object data block of an original tablespace, moving the object data block, merging the object data block of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data block is enlarged, and writing the merged object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively; setting a read-write strategy for the meter space data block in the moving process;
repeating the operation of the previous step until the object of the original tablespace is processed, deleting the original tablespace, and modifying the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace.
Further, the method further comprises the steps of:
and adding a processing process for modifying the length of the data block in the tablespace, and adding a process parameter, wherein the process parameter is used for specifying the number of processes for modifying the data block to be processed at the same time.
Further, the specific processing procedure of the database in the read-write strategy to perform the read operation on the current object is as follows:
if the read data block is still in the original table space, reading according to the size of the original data block;
if the read data block is in the temporary tablespace and the data block of the temporary tablespace is smaller than the data block of the original tablespace, reading the data block corresponding to the original tablespace object, merging the data blocks and returning the data blocks to the database according to the length of the data block of the original tablespace;
and if the read data block is in the temporary tablespace, and the data block of the temporary tablespace is larger than the data block of the original tablespace, reading the data block corresponding to the original tablespace object, splitting the data block, and returning the data block to the database according to the length of the data block of the original tablespace.
Further, the specific processing procedure of the database in the read-write strategy to perform the write operation on the current object is as follows:
if the data block needing to be written is in the original table space, writing according to the size of the original data block;
if the data block to be written is in the temporary tablespace, the data block in the temporary tablespace is larger than the data block in the original tablespace, and the data block to be written is not a new block, finding the combined data block corresponding to the data block to be written in the temporary tablespace, and updating the combined data block to complete writing; if the data block to be written is a new block, combining the new block and writing the new block into the temporary table space data block;
if the data block to be written is in the temporary tablespace, the data block in the temporary tablespace is smaller than the data block in the original tablespace, and the data block to be written is not a new block, finding the split data block corresponding to the data block to be written in the temporary tablespace, and updating the split data block to complete writing; and if the data block to be written is a new block, splitting and writing the new block into the temporary tablespace data block.
Further, the writing of the temporary tablespace data block further comprises: data block header data is constructed for the temporary tablespace data block.
Further, the creating of the temporary tablespace may be preceded by invoking a command to modify a data block of the tablespace.
Further, the data block length is one of 2K,4K,8K,16K or 32K.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a system for modifying the length of a spatial data block of a database table online, comprising:
the temporary tablespace creating unit is used for creating a temporary tablespace according to the sum of the sizes of the objects in the original tablespace, and the length of a data block in the temporary tablespace is different from that of the data block in the original tablespace;
the object moving unit is used for acquiring the object data blocks of the original tablespace, moving the object data blocks, merging the object data blocks of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data blocks are enlarged, and writing the merged object data blocks into the temporary tablespace data blocks; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively; setting a read-write strategy for the meter space data block in the moving process;
and the tablespace replacing unit deletes the original tablespace after the object of the original tablespace is processed, and modifies the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a process control unit, wherein the process control unit is used for adding a processing process for modifying the length of the data block in the tablespace and adding a process parameter, and the process parameter is used for specifying the number of processes for modifying the data block to be processed at the same time.
Furthermore, the object moving unit further comprises a data reading and writing processing subunit, which is used for controlling the reading and writing operations of the data block by the database in the moving process of the data block.
The system for modifying the length of the spatial data block of the database table according to the second aspect of the present invention can implement the methods in the first aspect and the implementation manners of the first aspect, and achieve the same effects.
The effect provided in the summary of the invention is only the effect of the embodiment, not all the effects of the invention, and one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the invention establishes the temporary tablespace based on the total size of the object in the original tablespace, moves the object from the original tablespace to the temporary tablespace, and sets the read-write strategy of the database in the moving process, so that the normal use of the object is not influenced in the whole moving process. In addition, the number of the processes of the object to be processed is controlled through the parameters, so that the IO efficiency of the object processing is controlled, and resource consumption is avoided. When the object data block is processed, the size of the data block is changed under the condition of not influencing the reading and writing of the data block through the merging and splitting of the data block. Through the method, the change of the size of the tablespace data block is completed on line, and meanwhile, the condition that the object cannot be accessed due to the modes of rebuilding the tablespace or modifying the tablespace of the object through the MOVE command and the like is avoided through logic processing, so that the usability of the database is improved, the operation complexity is reduced, the operation efficiency of changing the size of the tablespace data block is improved, and the data risk existing in the batch operation of personnel is reduced. And a new choice is provided for the database to adjust the performance of the database by changing the size of the data block, so that the database optimization is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of one implementation of the method embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for modifying length of a spatial data block of a database table online according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, creating a temporary table space according to the sum of the sizes of the objects in the original table space, wherein the length of the data block in the temporary table space is different from that of the data block in the original table space;
s2, obtaining the object data block of the original tablespace, moving the object data block, if the temporary tablespace data block is bigger, merging the object data block of the original tablespace, and writing the merged object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively;
and S3, repeating the previous step until the object of the original tablespace is processed, deleting the original tablespace, and modifying the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace.
In step S2, in the process of moving the object in the original tablespace to the temporary tablespace, since the object has not been completely moved to the temporary tablespace, the object data block is still processed according to the size of the data block in the original tablespace, and the database may read and write the object as follows.
The first condition is as follows: and when the read data block is still in the original table space, reading the data block according to the size of the original data block in the situation.
Case two: when the read data block is in the temporary table space, the size of the data block is changed, and the data block needs to be processed and then read by the database. And if the temporary tablespace data block is smaller than the original data block, reading the data blocks with corresponding quantity, merging the data, and returning the data to the database for reading according to the size of the original tablespace data block. And if the temporary tablespace data block is larger than the original data block, the data block is read, the data in the temporary tablespace data block is split, and the data is returned to the database for reading according to the size of the original tablespace data block.
Case three: and when the data block needing to be written is still in the original table space, writing the data block according to the size of the original data block.
Case four: when the written data block is in the temporary table space, the size of the data block is changed in the case, and the data block needs to be written into the temporary table space after being processed. If the data block in the temporary table space is larger than the data block to be written, if the data block to be written is not a new block, the data block is already merged and written into the temporary table space, the merged data block corresponding to the data block to be written needs to be found in the temporary table space, and the merged data block is updated to complete writing. And if the data block is a new block, merging the written data blocks and writing the merged data blocks into the temporary table space. If the data block in the temporary table space is smaller than the data block to be written, if the data block to be written is not a new block, the data block is already split and written into the temporary table space, the split data block corresponding to the data block to be written needs to be found in the temporary table space, and the split data block is updated to complete writing. If the data block is a new block, splitting the written data block and writing the split data block into the temporary table space.
After the data block is completely moved to the temporary table space, the object completes the movement to the temporary table space, all the subsequent read-write requests occur in the temporary table space, the read-write data block can not be merged and split, and the object completes the modification of the data block.
As shown in fig. 2, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, a command for modifying a table space data block is added: alter tablespace tb _ name modification block size to nK, n takes the value 2/4/8/16/32. After the command is executed, the operations of step S1 through step S3 described above are performed.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, a processing process BSMn (block size modification process, n is a process number) is added for online modifying the length of a data block in a table space, and the process modifies the size of the data block according to the above steps. When processing the object, one process only processes the data block of one object at the same time, and continues to process other objects after the processing is finished until all the processing is finished.
In order to accelerate the modification of the object data block, a process parameter blocksize _ modification _ processes is added, wherein the process parameter is used for specifying the number of processes for simultaneously processing the modification of the object data block, default to 1, and maximum to 10. When a plurality of processes are designated, the corresponding processes such as the BSM 1/the BSM2 … and the like are started after the database, each process only processes the data block of one object at the same time, the other objects are continuously processed after the processing is finished, and the process exits after the objects are processed. The more the number of processes, the higher the processing efficiency, but the more the I/O consumption, the parameter value can be adjusted according to the resource consumption. The parameters can be adjusted at any time according to the resource consumption condition, and when the value is increased, a new process is started immediately, and the object is distributed for processing. When the value is reduced, the process which has processed the object is preferentially recycled until the number of the remaining processes meets the parameter requirement.
After writing the temporary tablespace data block, the method also comprises the following steps: data block header data is constructed for the temporary tablespace data block.
The data block length is one of 2K,4K,8K,16K or 32K.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for modifying a length of a data block in a database table space online, where the system includes a temporary table space creating unit 1, an object moving unit 2, a table space replacing unit 3, and a process control unit 4:
the temporary tablespace creating unit 1 creates a temporary tablespace according to the sum of the sizes of objects in the original tablespace, wherein the length of a data block in the temporary tablespace is different from the length of the data block in the original tablespace; the object moving unit 2 acquires the object data block of the original tablespace, moves the object data block, merges the object data block of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data block is enlarged, and writes the merged object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively; setting a read-write strategy for the meter space data block in the moving process; after the object of the original tablespace is processed, the tablespace replacing unit 3 deletes the original tablespace and modifies the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace. The process control unit 4 is configured to add a processing process to the length of the data block in the modification table space, and add a process parameter, where the process parameter is used to specify the number of processes for modifying the data block to be processed at the same time.
The object moving unit 2 further comprises a data read-write processing subunit 21, configured to control the database to read and write the data block during the data block moving process.
The following situations may occur when the database reads from or writes to the object.
The first condition is as follows: and when the read data block is still in the original table space, reading the data block according to the size of the original data block in the situation.
Case two: when the read data block is in the temporary table space, the size of the data block is changed, and the data block needs to be processed and then read by the database. And if the temporary tablespace data block is smaller than the original data block, reading the data blocks with corresponding quantity, merging the data, and returning the data to the database for reading according to the size of the original tablespace data block. And if the temporary tablespace data block is larger than the original data block, the data block is read, the data in the temporary tablespace data block is split, and the data is returned to the database for reading according to the size of the original tablespace data block.
Case three: and when the data block needing to be written is still in the original table space, writing the data block according to the size of the original data block.
Case four: when the written data block is in the temporary table space, the size of the data block is changed in the case, and the data block needs to be written into the temporary table space after being processed. If the data block in the temporary table space is larger than the data block to be written, if the data block to be written is not a new block, the data block is already merged and written into the temporary table space, the merged data block corresponding to the data block to be written needs to be found in the temporary table space, and the merged data block is updated to complete writing. And if the data block is a new block, merging the written data blocks and writing the merged data blocks into the temporary table space. If the data block in the temporary table space is smaller than the data block to be written, if the data block to be written is not a new block, the data block is already split and written into the temporary table space, the split data block corresponding to the data block to be written needs to be found in the temporary table space, and the split data block is updated to complete writing. If the data block is a new block, splitting the written data block and writing the split data block into the temporary table space.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for modifying the length of a data block in the space of a database table on line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
creating a temporary table space according to the sum of the sizes of the objects in the original table space, wherein the length of a data block in the temporary table space is different from that of the data block in the original table space;
acquiring an object data block of an original tablespace, moving the object data block, merging the object data block of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data block is enlarged, and writing the merged object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace, and respectively writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block; setting a read-write strategy for the meter space data block in the moving process;
repeating the operation of the previous step until the object of the original tablespace is processed, deleting the original tablespace, and modifying the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace.
2. The method for modifying the length of a spatial data block of a database table online as claimed in claim 1, wherein said method further comprises the steps of:
and adding a processing process for modifying the length of the data block in the tablespace, and adding a process parameter, wherein the process parameter is used for specifying the number of processes for modifying the data block to be processed at the same time.
3. The method for modifying the length of the spatial data block of the database table online as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the database reading the current object in the read-write strategy is as follows:
if the read data block is still in the original table space, reading according to the size of the original data block;
if the read data block is in the temporary tablespace and the data block of the temporary tablespace is smaller than the data block of the original tablespace, reading the data block corresponding to the original tablespace object, merging the data blocks and returning the data blocks to the database according to the length of the data block of the original tablespace;
and if the read data block is in the temporary tablespace, and the data block of the temporary tablespace is larger than the data block of the original tablespace, reading the data block corresponding to the original tablespace object, splitting the data block, and returning the data block to the database according to the length of the data block of the original tablespace.
4. The method for modifying the length of the spatial data block of the database table on line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific processing procedure of the database to write the current object in the read-write strategy is as follows:
if the data block needing to be written is in the original table space, writing according to the size of the original data block;
if the data block to be written is in the temporary tablespace, the data block in the temporary tablespace is larger than the data block in the original tablespace, and the data block to be written is not a new block, finding the combined data block corresponding to the data block to be written in the temporary tablespace, and updating the combined data block to complete writing; if the data block to be written is a new block, combining the new block and writing the new block into the temporary table space data block;
if the data block to be written is in the temporary tablespace, the data block in the temporary tablespace is smaller than the data block in the original tablespace, and the data block to be written is not a new block, finding the split data block corresponding to the data block to be written in the temporary tablespace, and updating the split data block to complete writing; and if the data block to be written is a new block, splitting and writing the new block into the temporary tablespace data block.
5. The method for modifying the length of the spatial data block of the database table online as claimed in claim 1, wherein writing the temporary table spatial data block further comprises: data block header data is constructed for the temporary tablespace data block.
6. The method for modifying the length of a data block in the space of a database table according to any of the claims 1-5, wherein before creating the temporary tablespace, it further comprises calling the command to modify the data block in the tablespace.
7. The method for modifying the length of the data block in the space of the database table in the online way as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the length of the data block is one of 2K,4K,8K,16K or 32K.
8. A system for modifying length of a spatial data block of a database table online, the system comprising:
the temporary tablespace creating unit is used for creating a temporary tablespace according to the sum of the sizes of the objects in the original tablespace, and the length of a data block in the temporary tablespace is different from that of the data block in the original tablespace;
the object moving unit is used for acquiring the object data blocks of the original tablespace, moving the object data blocks, merging the object data blocks of the original tablespace if the temporary tablespace data blocks are enlarged, and writing the merged object data blocks into the temporary tablespace data blocks; if the temporary tablespace data block becomes small, splitting the object data block of the original tablespace and writing the object data block into the temporary tablespace data block respectively; setting a read-write strategy for the meter space data block in the moving process;
and the tablespace replacing unit deletes the original tablespace after the object of the original tablespace is processed, and modifies the name of the temporary tablespace into the name of the original tablespace.
9. The system for on-line modification of length of a spatial block of a database table as recited in claim 8, further comprising a process control unit for adding a process progress for the modification of length of the spatial block of the table and adding a process parameter for specifying the number of processes for the modification of the block of data to be processed simultaneously.
10. The system for on-line modification of length of a data block in space of a database table as claimed in claim 8, wherein said object moving unit further comprises a data read/write processing subunit for controlling the read/write operation of the database on the data block during the moving of the data block.
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WO2023134224A1 (en) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-20 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Method for online modification of length of data block in database table space

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