CN114442005A - Atomic magnetometer course error restraining method and system - Google Patents
Atomic magnetometer course error restraining method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114442005A CN114442005A CN202111585406.7A CN202111585406A CN114442005A CN 114442005 A CN114442005 A CN 114442005A CN 202111585406 A CN202111585406 A CN 202111585406A CN 114442005 A CN114442005 A CN 114442005A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for inhibiting course error of an atomic magnetometer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: scanning the wavelength of a first driving light source, setting the wavelength of the first driving light source at a ground state first hyperfine energy level, calculating to obtain a first phase difference between a first atomic gas chamber magnetic resonance signal and an excitation magnetic field signal and a second phase difference between a second atomic gas chamber magnetic resonance signal and the excitation magnetic field signal, and adjusting the frequency of the excitation magnetic field to lock the sum of the first phase difference and the second phase difference at 180 degrees; and scanning the wavelength of the second driving light source, setting the wavelength at a ground state second hyperfine energy level, and increasing the power of the second driving light source until the sum of the first power of the third driving laser after penetrating through the first atomic gas chamber and the second power of the fourth driving laser after penetrating through the second atomic gas chamber is greater than or equal to 0.9 time of the power of the second driving light source. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the technical problem that the course error suppression technology in the prior art is not suitable for application scenes such as high sensitivity, high measurement bandwidth and the like is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetometers, in particular to a method and a system for inhibiting course errors of an atomic magnetometer.
Background
The atomic magnetometer achieves measurement of the magnitude of a magnetic field by larmor precession of atomic spins in an external magnetic field. The method has the characteristics of high sensitivity, insensitivity to magnetic field direction, stable scale factor and the like, and is widely applied to the field of measurement of various magnetic fields. With the progress of quantum regulation and control technology, the static noise of the atomic magnetometer is lower and lower, and the heading error dominated by the atomic spin nonlinear Zeeman effect and the like becomes a main reason for restricting the noise level of the magnetometer under the dynamic condition.
The traditional suppression technology for the heading error of the atomic magnetometer is always developed around the nonlinear Zeeman effect for suppressing the spin of the atom. For example, the magnetometer is locked on a single Zeeman energy level transition under an extremely narrow line width, and the resonant frequency of the magnetometer is reduced by the influence of other Zeeman energy level population fluctuations caused by the direction change of the probe, so that the heading error is restrained. However, the limitation of the extremely narrow line width makes the method only suitable for the atomic magnetometer constructed based on potassium atoms, and is not suitable for application scenarios such as high sensitivity and high measurement bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for restraining a course error of an atomic magnetometer, which can solve the technical problem that a course error restraining technology in the prior art is not suitable for application scenes such as high sensitivity, high measurement bandwidth and the like.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method based on spin polarized light compression, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method including: the first driving laser enters the first atomic gas chamber to polarize atomic spin, and the second driving laser enters the second atomic gas chamber to polarize atomic spin; the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism and then polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser respectively, the third driving laser enters the first atomic gas chamber to polarize atomic spin, and the fourth driving laser enters the second atomic gas chamber to polarize atomic spin; heating the first atomic gas chamber and the second atomic gas chamber to a normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, setting the power of a first driving light source to the normal set working power of the magnetometer, scanning the wavelength of the first driving light source, setting the wavelength of the first driving light source to a ground state first hyperfine energy level, transversely polarizing atomic spins in the first atomic gas chamber and the second atomic gas chamber by adopting the same excitation magnetic field, calculating to obtain a first phase difference between a first atomic gas chamber magnetic resonance signal and an excitation magnetic field signal and a second phase difference between a second atomic gas chamber magnetic resonance signal and the excitation magnetic field signal, and adjusting the frequency of the excitation magnetic field to lock the sum of the first phase difference and the second phase difference at 180 degrees, wherein the frequency of the excitation magnetic field is the set excitation magnetic field frequency; setting the power of a second driving light source to the normal set working power of the magnetometer, observing the first power of a third driving laser after the third driving laser penetrates through the first atomic gas chamber and the second power of a fourth driving laser after the fourth driving laser penetrates through the second atomic gas chamber, scanning the wavelength of the second driving light source, setting the wavelength of the second driving light source at a second hyperfine energy level, and increasing the power of the second driving light source until the sum of the first power of the third driving laser after the third driving laser penetrates through the first atomic gas chamber and the second power of the fourth driving laser after the fourth driving laser penetrates through the second atomic gas chamber is greater than or equal to 0.9 times of the power of the second driving light source; and setting the magnetic resonance frequencies of the first atomic gas chamber and the second atomic gas chamber as the set excitation magnetic field frequency to finish the course error suppression of the atomic magnetometer.
Further, the method for suppressing the heading error of the atomic magnetometer further comprises the following steps: arranging a light source controller, wherein the light source controller is respectively connected with the first atomic gas chamber and the second driving light source; the heating of the first atomic gas chamber is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a first emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded; and recovering the heating of the first atom air chamber to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, recording the power of the first real-time emergent air chamber, and adjusting the power of the second driving light source through the light source controller to enable the power of the first real-time emergent air chamber to be equal to 0.9 time of the power of the first emergent air chamber.
Further, the method for suppressing the heading error of the atomic magnetometer further comprises the following steps: a light source controller is arranged and is respectively connected with the second atomic gas chamber and the second driving light source; the heating of the second atomic gas chamber is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a second emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded; and recovering the heating of the second atom air chamber to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, recording the power of a second real-time emergent air chamber, and adjusting the power of a second driving light source through a light source controller to enable the power of the second real-time emergent air chamber to be equal to 0.9 times of the power of the second emergent air chamber.
Further, a first hyperfine level F1Is F1I +1/2, second hyperfine level F2Is F2I-1/2, where I is the nuclear spin.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin polarized light compression, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system performing atomic magnetometer heading error suppression using the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method as described above.
Further, the heading error suppression system of the atomic magnetometer comprises a first driving light source, a second driving light source, a beam splitter prism, a first circular polarizer, a second circular polarizer, a first heating unit and a second heating unit, the laser device comprises a first atomic gas chamber, a second atomic gas chamber, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector and an excitation magnetic field unit, wherein a first driving light source and a second driving light source are connected with a beam splitter prism; the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism and then polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser respectively, the third driving laser enters the first atom air chamber after being converted into circularly polarized light by the first circular polarizer, the fourth driving laser enters the second atom air chamber after being converted into circularly polarized light by the second circular polarizer and then polarizes atom spin, the first heating unit is used for heating the first atom air chamber, the second heating unit is used for heating the second atom air chamber, and the excitation magnetic field unit is used for applying an excitation magnetic field to the first atom air chamber and the second atom air chamber.
Furthermore, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system also comprises a light source controller, and the light source controller is respectively connected with the first photoelectric detector and the second driving light source.
Furthermore, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system further comprises a light source controller, and the light source controller is respectively connected with the second photoelectric detector and the second driving light source.
The invention provides a spin polarization light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method, which reversely polarizes two parts of atomic spins by circularly polarized light with opposite polarization directions and the same power, the two parts of atomic spins can feel equal and reverse nonlinear Zeeman effects, and the atomic spin nonlinear Zeeman effects can be suppressed by averaging the magnetic field intensity measured by the two parts of atomic spins; by keeping the polarizability of the atomic spin close to 1 unchanged, the atomic spin does not strongly absorb the circularly polarized light any more, so that a large amount of circularly polarized light can penetrate through the atomic gas chamber to serve as a judgment basis for realizing atomic autorotation compression, and stable control of the nuclear spin Zeeman effect is realized. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method for inhibiting the course error of the atomic magnetometer provided by the invention combines the spin polarized light compression technology on the basis of the double-beam reverse polarization circular polarization, has a better inhibiting effect on the nuclear spin Zeeman effect and the residual nonlinear Zeeman effect course error caused by the light path asymmetry, can reduce the course error of the magnetometer by more than 1 order of magnitude, and is suitable for application scenes such as high sensitivity, high measurement bandwidth and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin-polarized light compression according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a comparative plot of course error curves for various course error mitigation methods provided in accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a beam splitter prism; 20. a first circular polarizer; 30. a second circular polarizer; 40. a first atomic gas cell; 50. a second atomic gas cell; 60. a first photodetector; 70. a second photodetector; 80. and a light source controller.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method based on spin polarized light compression, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method including: the first driving light source and the second driving light source are both connected with the beam splitter prism 10, the first atom air chamber 40 and the second atom air chamber 50 are both connected with the beam splitter prism 10, the first driving laser is polarized into a first driving laser and a second driving laser after being split by the beam splitter prism 10, the first driving laser enters the first atom air chamber 40 to polarize atomic spin, and the second driving laser enters the second atom air chamber 50 to polarize atomic spin; the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism 10 and then polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser respectively, the third driving laser enters the first atomic gas chamber 40 to polarize atomic spin, and the fourth driving laser enters the second atomic gas chamber 50 to polarize atomic spin; heating the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second atomic gas chamber 50 to a normal set working temperature of a magnetometer, setting the power of a first driving light source to the normal set working power of the magnetometer, scanning the wavelength of the first driving light source, setting the wavelength of the first driving light source to a ground state first hyperfine energy level, transversely polarizing atomic spins in the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second atomic gas chamber 50 by using the same excitation magnetic field, calculating and obtaining a first phase difference between a magnetic resonance signal of the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the excitation magnetic field signal and a second phase difference between a magnetic resonance signal of the second atomic gas chamber 50 and the excitation magnetic field signal, and adjusting the frequency of the excitation magnetic field to lock the sum of the first phase difference and the second phase difference at 180 degrees, wherein the frequency of the excitation magnetic field is the set excitation magnetic field frequency; setting the power of a second driving light source to the normal set working power of the magnetometer, observing the first power of a third driving laser after the third driving laser penetrates through the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second power of a fourth driving laser after the fourth driving laser penetrates through the second atomic gas chamber 50, scanning the wavelength of the second driving light source, setting the wavelength of the second driving light source at a ground state second hyperfine energy level, and increasing the power of the second driving light source until the sum of the first power of the third driving laser after the third driving laser penetrates through the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second power of the fourth driving laser after the fourth driving laser penetrates through the second atomic gas chamber 50 is larger than or equal to the power of the second driving light source in a set proportion; the magnetic resonance frequencies of the first atomic gas cell 40 and the second atomic gas cell 50 are set as the set excitation magnetic field frequency, and the heading error suppression of the atomic magnetometer is completed.
By applying the configuration mode, a spin polarization light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method is provided, the method reversely polarizes two parts of atomic spins by circularly polarized light with opposite polarization directions and the same power, the two parts of atomic spins can feel the equal and reverse nonlinear Zeeman effect, and the atomic spin nonlinear Zeeman effect can be suppressed by averaging the magnetic field intensity measured by the two parts of atomic spins; by keeping the polarization rate of atomic spin close to 1 unchanged, the atomic spin does not strongly absorb circularly polarized light any more at the moment, so that a large amount of circularly polarized light can penetrate through the atomic gas chamber to serve as a judgment basis for realizing atomic autorotation compression, thereby realizing the stable control of the nuclear spin Zeeman effect. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method for inhibiting the course error of the atomic magnetometer provided by the invention combines the spin polarized light compression technology on the basis of the double-beam reverse polarization circular polarization, has a better inhibiting effect on the nuclear spin Zeeman effect and the residual nonlinear Zeeman effect course error caused by the light path asymmetry, can reduce the course error of the magnetometer by more than 1 order of magnitude, and can be suitable for application scenes such as high sensitivity, high measurement bandwidth and the like.
Specifically, in the present invention, the error in the measurement of the magnetometer caused by the nuclear spin zeeman effect can be approximately expressed by the following equation:
ωNZ＝f(a,b)·g1μNB0
in the formula, ωNZThe influence of the nuclear spin Zeeman effect on the atomic spin resonance frequency is represented and is in direct proportion to the course error corresponding to the nuclear spin Zeeman effect; f (a, b) represents the function of the number a, b of the hyperfine energy level layouts of atomic spins in two ground states, and can be approximately considered to be related to the spin polarizability of atoms; g1、μNThe nuclear spin g factor and the magneton are constant for determining the atomic source; b is0Is the magnetic field intensity to be measured.
The spin polarization optical compression method of the invention keeps the atomic spin polarization rate close to 1 and constant, and the atomic spin polarization rate can ensure that the functions f (a, b) of the atomic spin in the hyperfine energy level layout numbers a and b of the two ground states are constant, and g1、μNIs a constant, B0The method is used for measuring the magnetic field intensity, so that the stable control of the nuclear spin Zeeman effect can be realized according to the formula, and the suppression of the course error of the atomic magnetometer is realized by combining a reverse polarization method.
Further, in the invention, the change of the included angle of the polarized circularly polarized light relative to the direction of the magnetic field to be measured affects the polarization capability of the light beam, so that the compression effect of the spin polarized light under the dynamic condition of the magnetometer is unstable. In order to ensure the stability of the compression effect of the spin polarized light under the magnetometer dynamic condition, as shown in fig. 1, the method for suppressing the heading error of the atomic magnetometer may further include: a light source controller 80 is arranged, and the light source controller 80 is respectively connected with the first atom air chamber 40 and the second driving light source; the heating of the first atomic gas chamber 40 is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a first emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded; the heating of the first atomic gas chamber 40 is recovered to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, the power of the first real-time emergent gas chamber is recorded, and the power of the second driving light source is adjusted through the light source controller 80 so that the power of the first real-time emergent gas chamber is equal to 0.9 times of the power of the first emergent gas chamber. Under the configuration mode, the stable control of the spin polarization light compression can be realized by arranging a light compression polarization light power closed loop feedback loop.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, not shown in the figure, the light source controller may also be connected to the second atomic gas cell and the second driving light source. Specifically, the method for suppressing the heading error of the atomic magnetometer further comprises the following steps: a light source controller 80 is arranged, and the light source controller 80 is respectively connected with the second atom air chamber 50 and the second driving light source; the heating of the second atomic gas chamber 50 is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a second emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded; and the heating of the second atom air chamber 50 is recovered to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, the power of the second real-time emergent air chamber is recorded, and the power of the second driving light source is adjusted through the light source controller 80 so that the power of the second real-time emergent air chamber is equal to 0.9 time of the power of the second emergent air chamber. Under the configuration mode, the stable control of the spin polarization light compression can be realized by arranging a light compression polarization light power closed loop feedback loop.
Further, as an embodiment of the present invention, the first hyperfine level F1Is F1I +1/2, second hyperfine level F2Is F2I-1/2, where I is the nuclear spin.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin-polarized light compression, which performs atomic magnetometer heading error suppression using the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method as described above.
By applying the configuration mode, the heading error suppression system of the atomic magnetometer based on spin polarization light compression is provided, the system reversely polarizes two parts of atomic spins by circularly polarized light with opposite polarization directions and the same power, the two parts of atomic spins can feel the equal and reverse nonlinear Zeeman effect, and the atomic spin nonlinear Zeeman effect can be suppressed by averaging the magnetic field intensity measured by the two parts of atomic spins; by keeping the polarization rate of atomic spin close to 1 unchanged, the atomic spin does not strongly absorb circularly polarized light any more at the moment, so that a large amount of circularly polarized light can penetrate through the atomic gas chamber to serve as a judgment basis for realizing atomic autorotation compression, thereby realizing the stable control of the nuclear spin Zeeman effect. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the system for inhibiting the course error of the atomic magnetometer provided by the invention combines the spin polarized light compression technology on the basis of double-beam reverse polarization circular polarization, has a good inhibiting effect on the nuclear spin Zeeman effect and the residual nonlinear Zeeman effect course error caused by the optical path asymmetry, and can be suitable for application scenes of high sensitivity, high measurement bandwidth and the like.
Further, in the present invention, in order to suppress the heading error, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppressing system may be configured to include a first driving light source, a second driving light source, a beam splitter prism 10, a first circular polarizer 20, a second circular polarizer 30, a first heating unit, a second heating unit, a first atomic gas chamber 40, a second atomic gas chamber 50, a first photodetector 60, a second photodetector 70, and an excitation magnetic field unit, where the first driving light source and the second driving light source are both connected to the beam splitter prism 10, the first circular polarizer 20, the first atomic gas chamber 40, and the first photodetector 60 are sequentially connected, the second circular polarizer 30, the second atomic gas chamber 50, and the second photodetector 70 are sequentially connected, the first driving laser is polarized into a first driving laser and a second driving laser after being split by the beam splitter prism 10, the first driving laser enters the first atomic gas chamber 40 after being converted into circularly polarized light by the first circular polarizer 20, the second driving laser is converted into circularly polarized light by the second circular polarizer 30 and enters the second atomic gas chamber 50; the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism 10 and polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser respectively, the third driving laser is converted into circularly polarized light by the first circular polarizer 20 and enters the first atom air chamber 40, the fourth driving laser is converted into circularly polarized light by the second circular polarizer 30 and enters the second atom air chamber 50 to spin polarized atoms, the first heating unit is used for heating the first atom air chamber 40, the second heating unit is used for heating the second atom air chamber 50, and the excitation magnetic field unit is used for applying an excitation magnetic field to the first atom air chamber 40 and the second atom air chamber 50.
Further, in the invention, the change of the included angle of the polarized circularly polarized light relative to the direction of the magnetic field to be measured will affect the polarization capability of the light beam, resulting in the instability of the compression effect of the spin polarized light under the dynamic condition of the magnetometer. In order to ensure the stability of the compression effect of the spin-polarized light under the dynamic condition of the magnetometer, as shown in fig. 1, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system further includes a light source controller 80, and the light source controller 80 is respectively connected to the first photodetector 60 and the second driving light source. As other alternative embodiments of the present invention, the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system further comprises a light source controller 80, and the light source controller 80 is connected to the second photodetector 70 and the second driving light source, respectively.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following describes the method for suppressing the heading error of the atomic magnetometer based on spin polarization optical compression, which is provided by the present invention, in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a spin polarized light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method is provided, and the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method has the following specific flow.
Firstly, the nonlinear Zeeman effect of atomic spin is inhibited by reverse polarization.
Polarized atomic spins are a prerequisite for atomic magnetometers to work, and the nonlinear zeeman effect of atomic spins is related to the spin polarization direction. Two atom air chambers with the same parameter but the same polarization direction are polarized by circularly polarized light with the same polarization direction, so that atom spins in the two atom air chambers can feel equal and opposite nonlinear Zeeman effect errors, and the course error caused by the nonlinear Zeeman effect can be inhibited by solving the average value of the magnetic resonance frequency of the atom spins in the two air chambers as the resonance frequency of the magnetic field to be measured. The specific implementation steps are as follows.
(1.1) connecting the first driving light source and the second driving light source with the beam splitter prism 10, connecting the first atom air chamber 40 and the second atom air chamber 50 with the beam splitter prism 10, wherein the parameters of the first atom air chamber 40 and the second atom air chamber 50 are consistent, and the first atom air chamber 40 and the second atom air chamber 50 are closely arranged. The first driving laser is polarized into a first driving laser and a second driving laser respectively by a first circular polarizer 20 and a second circular polarizer 30 after being split by the light splitting prism 10, the first driving laser and the second driving laser are both circularly polarized light, the first driving laser enters a first atom air chamber 40 to polarize atomic spin, and the second driving laser enters a second atom air chamber 50 to polarize atomic spin.
(1.2) heating the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second atomic gas chamber 50 to the working temperature which is normally set by the magnetometer, setting the power of the first driving light source to the working power which is normally set by the magnetometer, scanning the wavelength of the first driving light source, observing the power of the light beam after the light beam passes through the first atomic gas chamber and the second atomic gas chamber, and setting the wavelength of the first driving light source to the ground state F +1/2 hyperfine energy level.
(1.3) transversely polarize the atomic spins in the first and second atomic gas cells 40 and 50 using the same excitation magnetic field.
(1.4) calculating a first phase difference of the magnetic resonance signal of the first atomic gas cell 40 and the excitation magnetic field signal and a second phase difference of the magnetic resonance signal of the second atomic gas cell 50 and the excitation magnetic field signal, and adjusting the frequency of the excitation magnetic field so that the sum of the first phase difference and the second phase difference is locked at 180 °. The frequency of the excitation magnetic field at this time is the set excitation magnetic field frequency.
And step two, suppressing the course error through spin polarized light compression.
The atom spin can absorb the polarized circular polarized light to obtain energy and angular momentum, so that the power of the circular polarized light beam after transmitting through the atom gas chamber can be obviously attenuated under the general condition. When the atomic spins enter the optical compression state, the polarizability approaches 1, at which point the atomic spins no longer strongly absorb circularly polarized light. Therefore, a large amount of circularly polarized light can penetrate through the atomic gas chamber to be used as a judgment basis for realizing atomic autorotation compression. Step two can be performed simultaneously with step. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(2.1) after the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism 10, the second driving laser is polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser by the first circular polarizer 20 and the second circular polarizer 30 respectively, the third driving laser and the fourth driving laser are both circularly polarized light, the third driving laser enters the first atom gas chamber 40 to polarize atomic spin, and the fourth driving laser enters the second atom gas chamber 50 to polarize atomic spin.
(2.2) setting the power of the second driving light source to the normal set working power of the magnetometer, observing the first power of the third driving laser after the third driving laser penetrates through the first atom gas chamber 40 and the second power of the fourth driving laser after the fourth driving laser penetrates through the second atom gas chamber 50, scanning the wavelength of the second driving light source, observing the power of the light beam after the light beam penetrates through the first atom gas chamber 40 and the second atom gas chamber 50, and setting the wavelength of the second driving light source to be the ground state F-I-1/2 hyperfine energy level.
And (2.3) increasing the power of the second driving light source, and observing the power of the light beam after the light beam passes through the first atom gas chamber 40 and the second atom gas chamber 50 until the sum of the first power of the third driving laser after passing through the first atom gas chamber 40 and the second power of the fourth driving laser after passing through the second atom gas chamber 50 is more than or equal to 0.9 times of the power of the second driving light source.
Step three: stable control of spin-polarized light compression.
The change of the included angle of the polarized circular polarized light relative to the direction of the magnetic field to be measured can affect the polarization capability of the light beam, so that the compression effect of the spin polarized light under the dynamic condition of the magnetometer is unstable. The stable control of the spin-polarized light compression is achieved by a closed loop feedback loop for the power of the light compression polarized light as shown in fig. 1. The method comprises the following specific steps.
(3.1) arranging a light source controller 80, wherein the light source controller 80 is respectively connected with the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the second driving light source to construct a closed-loop feedback loop.
(3.2) turning off the heating of the first atomic gas cell 40, and scanning the light source power setting value I of the second driving light sourceinRecording and second drivingThe power P of the first emergent air chamber corresponding to the set value of the light source power of the light sourceout。
(3.3) recovering the heating of the first atomic air chamber 40 to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, and recording the power P of the first real-time emergent air chamberout' the power of the second driving light source is adjusted by the light source controller 80 to make the first real-time emergent air chamber power Pout' equal to 0.9 times of first emergent air chamber power Pout。
(3.4) setting the magnetic resonance frequency of the first atomic gas chamber 40 and the magnetic resonance frequency of the second atomic gas chamber 50 as the set excitation magnetic field frequency, and finishing the heading error suppression of the atomic magnetometer.
Comparing the course error curve with the same condition as shown in FIG. 2, 1) the course error is not inhibited; 2) only adopting a reverse polarization circular polarization mode to restrain course errors; 3) the method for restraining the course error has a restraining effect on the course error of the atomic magnetometer.
The mode of reverse polarization circular polarization polarizes atom spin in the two-atom air chamber by two beams of circularly polarized light with opposite polarization directions. The method has higher requirement on the symmetry of the corresponding light paths of the two air chambers, and the course error suppression effect is influenced by the inconsistency of the air chambers and the light beam parameters; the method can not effectively inhibit the course error caused by the nuclear spin Zeeman effect, and the integral inhibition capability of the course error is limited. The invention combines the spin polarized light compression technology on the basis of the double-beam reverse polarized circular polarization, and has better inhibiting effect on the nuclear spin Zeeman effect and the residual nonlinear Zeeman effect course error caused by the asymmetry of the light path. The advantages of the present invention over the manner of oppositely polarizing circularly polarized polarization can be seen in fig. 2.
In conclusion, the invention provides a spin-polarized light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error inhibition method, which can obviously inhibit the heading error of a magnetometer, and adopts circularly polarized atomic spins with opposite polarization directions to eliminate the heading error dominated by the nonlinear Zeeman effect; the method can reduce the heading error of the magnetometer by more than 1 order of magnitude and is particularly suitable for various dynamic application occasions of the magnetometer.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … … surface," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and unless otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A spin-polarized light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
connecting a first driving light source and a second driving light source with a beam splitter prism (10), connecting a first atom air chamber (40) and a second atom air chamber (50) with the beam splitter prism (10), wherein the first driving laser is split by the beam splitter prism (10) and then polarized into a first driving laser and a second driving laser respectively, the first driving laser enters the first atom air chamber (40) for polarized atom spinning, and the second driving laser enters the second atom air chamber (50) for polarized atom spinning; the second driving laser is split by the splitting prism (10) and then polarized into a third driving laser and a fourth driving laser respectively, the third driving laser enters the first atomic gas chamber (40) to polarize atomic spin, and the fourth driving laser enters the second atomic gas chamber (50) to polarize atomic spin;
heating the first atomic gas chamber (40) and the second atomic gas chamber (50) to a normal set working temperature of a magnetometer, setting the power of the first driving light source to a normal set working power of the magnetometer, scanning the wavelength of the first driving light source, setting the wavelength of the first driving light source to a ground state first hyperfine energy level, transversely polarizing atomic spins in the first atomic gas chamber (40) and the second atomic gas chamber (50) by adopting the same excitation magnetic field, calculating and obtaining a first phase difference between a magnetic resonance signal of the first atomic gas chamber (40) and an excitation magnetic field signal and a second phase difference between a magnetic resonance signal of the second atomic gas chamber (50) and the excitation magnetic field signal, and adjusting the frequency of the excitation magnetic field to lock the sum of the first phase difference and the second phase difference at 180 degrees, wherein the frequency of the excitation magnetic field is the set excitation magnetic field frequency;
setting the power of the second driving light source to the normal set working power of a magnetometer, observing the first power of the third driving laser after penetrating through the first atomic gas chamber (40) and the second power of the fourth driving laser after penetrating through the second atomic gas chamber (50), scanning the wavelength of the second driving light source, setting the wavelength of the second driving light source at a ground state second hyperfine energy level, and increasing the power of the second driving light source until the sum of the first power of the third driving laser after penetrating through the first atomic gas chamber (40) and the second power of the fourth driving laser after penetrating through the second atomic gas chamber (50) is greater than or equal to 0.9 times of the power of the second driving light source;
and setting the magnetic resonance frequency of the first atomic gas chamber (40) and the magnetic resonance frequency of the second atomic gas chamber (50) as the set excitation magnetic field frequency, and finishing the heading error suppression of the atomic magnetometer.
2. The atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method based on spin polarized light compression according to claim 1, wherein the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method further comprises:
arranging a light source controller (80), wherein the light source controller (80) is respectively connected with the first atom air chamber (40) and the second driving light source;
the heating of the first atomic gas chamber (40) is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a first emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded;
and the heating of the first atom air chamber (40) is recovered to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, the power of a first real-time emergent air chamber is recorded, and the power of the second driving light source is adjusted through the light source controller (80) so that the power of the first real-time emergent air chamber is equal to 0.9 time of the power of the first emergent air chamber.
3. The atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method based on spin polarized light compression according to claim 1, wherein the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method further comprises:
arranging a light source controller (80), wherein the light source controller (80) is respectively connected with the second atom gas chamber (50) and the second driving light source;
the heating of the second atomic gas chamber (50) is closed, the light source power set value of the second driving light source is scanned, and the power of a second emergent gas chamber corresponding to the light source power set value of the second driving light source is recorded;
and recovering the heating of the second atomic air chamber (50) to the normal set working temperature of the magnetometer, recording the power of a second real-time emergent air chamber, and adjusting the power of the second driving light source through the light source controller (80) to enable the power of the second real-time emergent air chamber to be equal to 0.9 time of the power of the second emergent air chamber.
4. The spin-polarized light compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method according to claim 3, wherein the first hyperfine energy level F is1Is F1I +1/2, the second hyperfine energy level F2Is F2I-1/2, where I is the nuclear spin.
5. An atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin polarized light compression, characterized in that the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system performs atomic magnetometer heading error suppression using the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin polarization light compression as claimed in claim 5, wherein the atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system comprises a first driving light source, a second driving light source, a beam splitter prism (10), a first circular polarizer (20), a second circular polarizer (30), a first heating unit, a second heating unit, a first atomic gas chamber (40), a second atomic gas chamber (50), a first photodetector (60), a second photodetector (70), and an excitation magnetic field unit, wherein the first driving light source and the second driving light source are connected to the beam splitter prism (10), the first circular polarizer (20), the first atomic gas chamber (40), and the first photodetector (60) are connected in sequence, and the second circular polarizer (30), the second atomic gas chamber (50), and the second photodetector (70) are connected in sequence, the first driving laser is split by the splitting prism (10) and then polarized into a first driving laser and a second driving laser respectively, the first driving laser is converted into circularly polarized light by the first circular polarizer (20) and then enters the first atomic gas chamber (40), and the second driving laser is converted into circularly polarized light by the second circular polarizer (30) and then enters the second atomic gas chamber (50); second drive laser process polarizing respectively after beam split prism (10) is split and is third drive laser and fourth drive laser, third drive laser gets into after first circular polarizer (20) convert the circular polarization first atom air chamber (40), fourth drive laser gets into after second circular polarizer (30) convert the circular polarization second atom air chamber (50) polarization atom spin, first heating unit is used for right first atom air chamber (40) heat, second heating unit is used for right second atom air chamber (50) heat, excitation magnetic field unit is used for right first atom air chamber (40) with excitation magnetic field is applyed to second atom air chamber (50).
7. The atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system based on spin polarized light compression of claim 6, further comprising a light source controller (80), wherein the light source controller (80) is connected to the first photodetector (60) and the second driving light source, respectively.
8. The spin-polarized-light-compression-based atomic magnetometer heading error suppression system according to claim 6, further comprising a light source controller (80), wherein the light source controller (80) is connected to the second photodetector (70) and the second driving light source, respectively.
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