CN114441642A - Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology - Google Patents
Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114441642A CN114441642A CN202011195919.2A CN202011195919A CN114441642A CN 114441642 A CN114441642 A CN 114441642A CN 202011195919 A CN202011195919 A CN 202011195919A CN 114441642 A CN114441642 A CN 114441642A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- detection
- phased array
- scanning
- nuclear
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0609—Display arrangements, e.g. colour displays
- G01N29/0645—Display representation or displayed parameters, e.g. A-, B- or C-Scan
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/221—Arrangements for directing or focusing the acoustical waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/262—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by electronic orientation or focusing, e.g. with phased arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/267—Welds
- G01N2291/2675—Seam, butt welding
Abstract
The invention belongs to a detection method, and particularly relates to a method for detecting a nuclear grade ferrite steel weld joint of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology. It includes: step 1: selecting the types of equipment and a scanner; step 2: selecting a probe and a wedge block; and step 3: setting the sound field in a full-coverage mode; and 4, step 4: a focus setting; and 5: image display settings; step 6: calibrating the detection system; and 7: a defect detection scanning mode step 8: storing data; and step 9: analyzing the image; step 10: and (6) checking and accepting. The invention has the following remarkable effects: the energy focusing performance is good, the sensitivity is high, and the defect detection rate is high; the display is visual, and the defect qualification is facilitated; the equipment is light, and working strength is low, and detection efficiency is high, and can carry out the cross operation, radiationless safety risk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a detection method, and particularly relates to a method for detecting a nuclear grade ferrite steel weld joint of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology.
Background
At present, the nuclear power construction in China has entered a high-speed development period, and by 12 months and 12 months in 2017, 37 nuclear power generating units are transported in China, the total installed capacity is 3581 ten thousand kilowatts, 19 nuclear power generating units under construction are installed, the total installed capacity is 2207 thousand kilowatts, and the scale accounts for more than 40% of the whole world. At present, nondestructive detection technologies mainly adopted by nuclear grade ferrite steel welding seams of nuclear power stations are ray detection and ultrasonic detection, and the application proportion of the ray detection is relatively large.
Most of welding seams of nuclear power ferrite steel pipes are not provided with ray plugs, internal transillumination cannot be carried out, only double-wall single-image ray detection can be carried out, the detection time is greatly prolonged (the maximum continuous exposure time even needs to reach 16-18 hours), the time window of ray detection is few or no, the working intensity of field inspection personnel is high, and the efficiency is low.
Meanwhile, the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the ray detection are rapidly reduced along with the increase of the penetrating thickness of the ray, the detection rate of the area type defects with high dangerousness such as cracks and incomplete fusion is obviously reduced, the detection is easy to miss, the ray detection cannot obtain the depth information of the defects, the accurate repair is difficult, and the safe operation of the nuclear power station is influenced.
From the aspect of safety, the gamma ray source and the developing film adopted in the ray detection can bring the problems of environmental pollution, radiation safety risk and the like. During ray detection operation, other people are not allowed to operate in a certain ray dose area, and a special ray detection time window is needed, so that more night operations are performed, and radiation safety risks and industrial safety risks are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seams of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology. The method aims at the problems that the traditional ray detection technology cannot obtain defect depth information, is difficult to accurately repair, has high radiation safety and industrial safety risks, is low in detection efficiency and the like, and by utilizing the phased array ultrasonic detection technology, the nuclear grade ferrite steel weld defects of the nuclear power station are quickly positioned and quantitatively detected, so that the operation efficiency is improved, and the construction risk is reduced.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seams of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting the types of equipment and a scanner;
step 2: selecting a probe and a wedge block;
and step 3: setting the sound field in a full-coverage mode;
and 4, step 4: a focus setting;
and 5: image display settings;
step 6: calibrating the detection system;
and 7: defect detection scanning mode
And 8: storing data;
and step 9: analyzing the image;
step 10: and (6) checking and accepting.
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power station by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is characterized in that the step 1 comprises the step of using a SyncScan32PT portable phased array detector, and using an LPS-08 chain belt type scanning device and a customized FC02Doppler scanning device by using a scanner, wherein the LPS-08 chain belt type scanning device is mainly used for phased array detection of 4-inch 13.49mm, 6-inch 18.26mm and 10-inch 12.7mm test pieces, and the FC02Doppler scanning frame is mainly used for TOFD detection of all specifications and phased array detection of 10-inch 28mm, 18-inch 31.75mm and 51.75mm flat-plate T.
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power station by adopting the phased array ultrasonic technology comprises the following steps of 2, selecting a phased array probe and a wedge block according to the method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam, and selecting main parameters as follows:
TABLE 1 phased array Probe and wedge types
| Serial number | Pipe specification | Probe | Wedge block | |
| 1 | 4 inch 13.49mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-114 | |
| 2 | 6 cun 18.26mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-168 | |
| 3 | 10 inch and 12.7mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-273 | |
| 4 | 10 inch 28mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S-I-AOD-273 | |
| 5 | 18 inch 31.75mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S-I-AOD-457 | |
| 6 | Flat plate T51.75 mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S |
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferrite steel weld joint of the nuclear power station by adopting the phased array ultrasonic technology comprises the following steps of 3, wherein the ultrasonic detection is influenced by the extra height of the weld joint on the surface, the scanning movement of a probe is limited, and in order to ensure the coverage and no leakage of the weld joint, according to the requirements of the phased array ultrasonic detection technical specification of the welding joint of the DLT 1718-powered 2017-powered power plant, the sector scanning is adopted, and the display mode can be selected from sound path display imaging or geometric structure display imaging, and the specific partitioning principle is as follows:
a) the welding seam with the nominal thickness less than 1.75mm is preferably detected by simultaneously arranging a primary wave and a secondary wave;
b) the welding line with the nominal thickness of 51.75mm is preferably detected by separately arranging the primary wave and the secondary wave,
the method comprises the following steps of:
TABLE 2 detection of echo and scanning angle
| Serial number | Pipe specification | Number of | Scanning angle | |
| 1 | 4 inch 13.49mm | Simultaneous detection of primary and secondary waves | 35°-73° | |
| 2 | 6 cun 18.26mm | Simultaneous detection of primary and secondary waves | 35°-73° | |
| 3 | 10 inch and 12.7mm | Simultaneous detection of primary and secondary waves | 35°-73° | |
| 4 | 10 inch 28mm | Simultaneous detection of primary and secondary waves | 35°-73° | |
| 5 | 18 inches, 31.75mm | Simultaneous detection of primary and secondary waves | 40°-70° |
For a flat plate with larger thickness, T is 51.75mm, the method adopts subarea detection: the method is characterized in that a first secondary wave is set separately, two sensitivities are adopted for detection, the quality of a final scanning image is clear, a defect image is visual, and the defect is accurate in qualification, and by combining an early-stage simulation result, for a test piece with a flat plate T of 51.75mm, a secondary wave with a scanning angle of 35-55 degrees is used for detecting the upper half area of the test piece, and a primary wave with a scanning angle of 55-73 degrees is used for detecting the lower half area of the test piece.
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferrite steel weld joint of the nuclear power station by adopting the phased array ultrasonic technology is characterized in that the step 4 comprises the steps that the focusing depth of initial scanning of the weld joint is generally set to be avoided in a near field region, when the detection sound path range is below 50mm, the focusing depth is set to be 1.5T, and T is the thickness of a workpiece; when the detection sound path range is above 50mm, the depth of focus is selected to be 2/3 depth of each detection depth range,
the related parameters of the method are set as follows:
TABLE 3 phased array-related parameter settings
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power station by adopting the phased array ultrasonic technology comprises the step 5 of displaying scanning data in the form of A scanning signals and images, wherein the images can be displayed in the forms of B scanning, C scanning, S scanning, D scanning and the like,
there is an encoder scan position display in the image of the scan data.
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power plant by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is described above, wherein the step 6 comprises (1) sound velocity calibration
According to the specification of a workpiece and a reference standard, the instrument is adjusted to enter a sound velocity calibration guide interface, the sound velocity is calibrated by using semi-circular arcs on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks,
(2) delay calibration
Adjusting the instrument to enter a wedge block delay calibration guide interface according to the performance of the instrument and a reference standard, performing wedge block delay calibration by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks,
(3) angle gain compensation calibration
Adjusting the instrument to enter a sensitivity calibration guide interface according to the performance of the instrument and a reference standard, performing sensitivity calibration by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks,
(4) TCG calibration
Combining the thickness of a workpiece and a reference standard, respectively carrying out depth calibration by using phi 2 transverse through holes with different depths on a calibration test block, wherein the calibration depth at least reaches the depth of 2 times of the thickness of the plate, and the specific calibration test block and the calibration depth are as follows:
table 4 calibration test block and calibration depth
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power plant by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is described as above, wherein the step 7 comprises the following steps according to no-damage detection part 2 of nuclear island mechanical equipment of the nuclear power plant, NB/T _ 20003.2-2010: ultrasonic testing, phased array ultrasonic testing technical procedures of DLT 1718 and 2017 thermal power plant welding joint, and a GBT 32563 and 2016-phased array ultrasonic testing method, wherein linear scanning is selected as the testing method by combining with the design specification of test blocks,
1) longitudinal defect detection scanning mode in welding seam
Adopts a scanning mode that the direction of the sound beam of the probe is vertical to the central line of the welding seam and the moving direction of the probe is parallel to the central line of the welding seam to carry out single-sided and double-sided scanning,
2) scanning mode for detecting transverse defects in welding seam
Manual ultrasonic detection is used, a K2 transverse wave probe is adopted to perform oblique scanning in the forward and reverse directions along the direction of a welding seam,
according to GBT 32563-2016-phased array ultrasonic detection method, during detection, detection is carried out along a marking direction from a 0 point of a test piece as a starting point, a detection end point crosses over the starting point by more than 20mm, scanning speed is guaranteed to be smaller than or equal to a maximum scanning speed Vmax during scanning, and the maximum scanning speed is calculated according to the following formula:
Vmax＝(PFR/N·M)·Δx。
the method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel welding seam of the nuclear power station by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is described above, wherein the step 8 includes that after the detection is completed, the detection data is stored in an instrument, and after the detection data is derived by an SD card, image analysis can be performed by using SuperUp V2.01.00 software.
The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power station by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is characterized in that the step 9 comprises the steps of performing image analysis on phased array data by using SuperUp V2.01.00 software to obtain information such as the detection quantity, the positioning and the quantification of the defects,
cracking
The probe detects at different positions that a series of continuous signals with bell-shaped pulse envelopes displayed on a display screen have a plurality of small auxiliary wave crests, when the probe moves, each small auxiliary wave crest also moves in the pulse envelopes, the amplitude of the wave gradually rises and then falls when the auxiliary wave crests move to the center of the pulse envelopes, the fluctuation of signal waves is larger,
no fusion of
The probe detects different positions, the display scale displays a single sharp echo waveform, the amplitude starts to rise smoothly to the maximum amplitude when the probe moves forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, the amplitude is basically unchanged or the amplitude change range is not more than 4dB when the probe moves continuously, the amplitude smoothly drops along with the separation of the probe from the reflector,
(iii) lack of penetration
The defect wave amplitude appears at the position slightly ahead of the root of the workpiece, when the probe detects at different positions, a single echo wave with very high wave amplitude appears on the display screen, when the probe moves, the display change of the echo wave amplitude is not large,
fourthly, point defect
Namely, a single sharp echo waveform is displayed on the display screen, when the probe moves forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, the amplitude of the single sharp echo waveform smoothly rises from zero to the maximum value and then smoothly falls to zero,
(v) dense defect
When the probe detects different positions, a group of dense reflector echoes are displayed on the display screen, and when the probe moves, the reflector echoes fall off.
The method for detecting the nuclear grade ferrite steel welding seam of the nuclear power plant by using the phased array ultrasonic technology is characterized in that the step 10 comprises evaluating when the amplitude is larger than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB, recording,
fail in the following cases:
for non-volume type defects, such as cracks or unfused, no acceptable regardless of amplitude;
-for volume type defects, the following are in any case unacceptable;
1) when the amplitude is more than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB and less than the basic sensitivity D0-17dB, the length L is more than or equal to 3/t, and the maximum length is not more than 30 mm;
2) the amplitude is larger than or equal to the equivalent amplitude of the basic sensitivity D0-17 dB.
The invention has the following remarkable effects: (1) the phased array ultrasonic technology for the nuclear-grade ferrite steel pipeline welding seam has the advantages of good energy focusing, high sensitivity and high defect detection rate, and has very high detection rate for both area type and volume type defects;
(2) the defect reflection display of the phased array ultrasonic detection technology is visual, projection images and three-dimensional views of the defects in all directions can be displayed respectively or simultaneously, and the defect qualitative determination is facilitated;
(3) the nuclear-grade ferrite welding seam carbon steel pipeline welding seam phased array ultrasonic detection technical equipment is light, low in working strength and high in detection efficiency, can perform cross operation, and has no radiation safety risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates an alternative phased array apparatus
FIG. 2 shows two alternative scanners
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a reference block
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a scanning mode
FIG. 5 is an example of scanning to obtain an image
FIG. 6 is an exemplary graph of crack analysis
FIG. 7 is an exemplary unfused analysis diagram
FIG. 8 is an exemplary illustration of a lack of penetration analysis
FIG. 9 is a reflection diagram of a point defect
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of dense defect reflection
Detailed Description
The invention refers to 'NB/T _20003.2-2010_ nuclear power plant nuclear island mechanical equipment nondestructive testing _ part 2': and the ultrasonic detection, and the technical specification of phased array ultrasonic detection of welding joints of thermal power plants, DLT 1718 and 2017 are adopted to set process parameters. The technical scheme is as follows: a method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seams of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology. The method is characterized in that the nuclear-grade ferrite steel weld defects are quickly and effectively detected by adopting a scanning mode of a phased array probe through fan scanning and scanning along the line, according to different partition principles and by utilizing a method of determining the detection position by an encoder. The method comprises the following specific processes:
1. and (3) equipment and scanner model selection: the method adopts a SyncScan32PT portable phased array detector, and the scanner adopts an LPS-08 chain belt type scanning device and a customized FC02Doppler scanning device. The LPS-08 chain belt type scanner is mainly used for phased array detection of test pieces with the specifications of 4 inches, 13.49mm, 6 inches, 18.26mm and 10 inches, 12.7 mm. The FC02Doppler scanning frame is mainly used for TOFD detection of all specifications and phased array detection of test pieces with the specifications of 10 inches 28mm, 18 inches 31.75mm and 51.75mm flat plates T. Such as fig. 1 and fig. 2.
2. Selecting a probe and a wedge block: the phased array probe and the wedge block are selected according to the method for welding the ferritic steel, and the main parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1 phased array Probe and wedge types
| Serial number | Pipe specification | Probe | Wedge block | |
| 1 | 4 inch 13.49mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-114 | |
| 2 | 6 cun 18.26mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-168 | |
| 3 | 10 inches, 12.7mm | 7.5L16-0.6-10-R35E | 8R(35)60S4-I-AOD-273 | |
| 4 | 10 inch 28mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S-I-AOD-273 | |
| 5 | 18 inch 31.75mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S-I-AOD-457 | |
| 6 | Flat plate T51.75 mm | 5L32-0.6-10 | 16N55S |
3. Full coverage setting of sound field
The ultrasonic detection is affected by the extra height of a surface weld joint, the scanning movement of a probe is limited, in order to ensure the coverage and no leakage of the detection, fan-shaped scanning is adopted according to the requirements of the technical specification of phased array ultrasonic detection of welding joints of DLT 1718-2017 thermal power plants, the display mode can select sound path display imaging or geometric structure display imaging, and the specific partitioning principle is as follows:
a) the welding line with the nominal thickness less than 1.75mm is preferably detected by simultaneously arranging a primary wave and a secondary wave;
b) the weld seam with nominal thickness of 51.75mm is preferably detected by separately arranging the primary wave and the secondary wave.
The method comprises the following steps of:
TABLE 2 detection of echo and scanning angle
For the plate with larger thickness (T is 51.75mm), the method adopts the subarea detection: the first secondary wave is separately arranged, two sensitivities are adopted for detection, and finally, the quality of a scanned image is clear, a defect image is visual, and the defect qualification is accurate. Combining the early-stage simulation result, for a test piece with a flat plate T being 51.75mm, detecting the upper half area of the test piece by using a secondary wave with a scanning angle of 35-55 degrees, and detecting the lower half area of the test piece by using a primary wave with a scanning angle of 55-73 degrees.
4. Focus setting
The depth of focus setting for the initial scan of the weld should generally be avoided in the near field region. When the detection sound path range is below 50mm, the focusing depth is set at 1.5T (T is the thickness of the workpiece); when the detection sound path range is above 50mm, the depth of focus selects 2/3 depths for each detection depth range.
The related parameters of the method are set as follows:
TABLE 3 phased array-related parameter settings
5. Image display arrangement
The scanning data is displayed in the form of A scanning signals and images, and the images can be displayed in the forms of B scanning, C scanning, S scanning, D scanning and the like.
There is an encoder scan position display in the image of the scan data.
6. Detection system calibration
(1) Sound velocity calibration
According to the workpiece specification and the reference standard, the instrument is adjusted to enter a sound velocity calibration guide interface, and the sound velocity calibration is carried out by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks.
(2) Delay calibration
According to the performance of the instrument and a reference standard, the instrument is adjusted to enter a wedge block delay calibration guide interface, and the wedge block delay calibration is carried out by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks.
(3) Angle gain compensation calibration
The instrument was adjusted into the sensitivity calibration wizard interface based on the instrument performance and reference standards and sensitivity calibration was performed using a half-arc on the PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks.
(4) TCG calibration
And (3) combining the thickness of the workpiece and a reference standard, and respectively carrying out depth calibration by using phi 2 transverse through holes with different depths on the calibration test block, wherein the calibration depth is at least 2 times of the depth of the plate thickness. The specific calibration test block and calibration depth are as follows:
table 4 calibration test block and calibration depth
Note: the drawing of the test block is shown in figure 3.
7. Defect detection scanning mode
According to NB/T _20003.2-2010_ Nuclear island mechanical device nondestructive testing _ part 2 of the nuclear power plant: ultrasonic testing, phased array ultrasonic testing technical procedures of DLT 1718 and 2017 thermal power plant welding joint, and a GBT 32563 and 2016-phased array ultrasonic testing method, wherein linear scanning is selected as the testing method according to the design specification of test blocks.
1) Longitudinal defect detection scanning mode in welding seam
And scanning the single side and the two sides by adopting a scanning mode that the direction of the sound beam of the probe is vertical to the central line of the welding line and the moving direction of the probe is parallel to the central line of the welding line. As shown in fig. 4.
2) Scanning mode for detecting transverse defects in welding seam
And (3) carrying out manual ultrasonic detection, and carrying out oblique scanning in the forward and reverse directions along the direction of the weld joint by adopting a K2 transverse wave probe.
According to GBT 32563-2016-phased array ultrasonic inspection method, inspection is performed along the marking direction from the 0 point of the specimen as the starting point, and the detection end point crosses over the starting point by more than 20 mm. During scanning, the scanning speed is ensured to be less than or equal to the maximum scanning speed Vmax, and the maximum scanning speed is calculated according to the following formula:
Vmax＝(PFR/N·M)·Δx
8. data storage (original data storage)
After the detection is finished, the detection data is stored in the instrument and can be subjected to image analysis through the SuperUp V2.01.00 software after being exported through the SD card.
9. Image analysis
By using the SuperUp V2.01.00 software, image analysis can be performed on phased array data to obtain information such as the detection amount, positioning and quantification of defects. As shown in fig. 5.
Cracking
The lower graph shows the waveform produced by the crack reflector, and the probe detects at each different position a series of continuous signals (with many small secondary peaks) with bell-shaped pulse envelopes displayed on the display screen. When the probe moves, each small secondary wave peak also moves in the pulse envelope, the amplitude of the wave gradually rises when the secondary wave peak moves to the center of the pulse envelope, then the wave falls, and the fluctuation of the signal wave is large. As shown in fig. 6.
No fusion of
The lower diagram shows the waveform generated by the reflector without fused defects, the probe displays a single sharp echo waveform in each position detection, the amplitude starts to smoothly rise to the maximum amplitude when the probe moves forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, and the amplitude is basically unchanged or the amplitude change range is not more than 4dB when the probe continues to move. The amplitude drops off smoothly again as the probe leaves the reflector. As shown in fig. 7.
(iii) lack of penetration
The defect wave amplitude appears at the position slightly ahead of the root of the workpiece, when the probe detects at different positions, a single echo wave with very high wave amplitude appears on the display screen, and when the probe moves, the display change of the echo wave amplitude is not large. As shown in fig. 8.
Fourthly, point defect
The lower graph shows the waveform produced by a point-like reflector, i.e. a single sharp echo waveform is displayed on the display screen, and the amplitude smoothly rises from zero to the maximum value and then smoothly falls to zero when the probe moves back and forth and left and right. As shown in fig. 9.
(v) dense defect
The lower graph shows a waveform mode generated by the intensive defect reflectors, when the probe detects at different positions, a group of intensive reflector echoes are displayed on the display screen, and when the probe moves, the reflector echoes fall off. As shown in fig. 10.
10. Acceptance inspection
When the amplitude is larger than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB, the evaluation is carried out and the recording is carried out.
Fail in the following cases:
for non-volume type defects, such as cracks or unfused, no acceptable regardless of amplitude;
-for volume type defects, the following are in any case unacceptable;
1) when the amplitude is larger than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB and smaller than the basic sensitivity D0-17dB, and the length L is larger than or equal to 3/t (the maximum is not more than 30 mm);
2) the amplitude is larger than or equal to the equivalent amplitude of the basic sensitivity D0-17 dB.
The invention creates an improved innovation point
(1) Aiming at technical parameters (including a probe, an emission angle, sound field coverage, focusing parameters and the like) of the nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam carbon steel pipeline welding seam phased array ultrasonic detection, technical parameter preparation is provided for a process for detecting the nuclear-grade ferrite steel pipeline welding seam by the phased array ultrasonic technology.
(2) The detection process of the nuclear-grade ferrite steel pipeline welding seam is replaced by a detection process of a coder and a phased array ultrasonic technology, so that the defect detection rate is improved, the construction risk is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved;
(3) aiming at the interpretation and qualitative technology of nuclear grade ferrite steel welding seam carbon steel pipeline welding seam defect reflection, the effective detection and the qualitative of the defect are ensured.
Claims (11)
1. A method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seams of a nuclear power station by adopting a phased array ultrasonic technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting the types of equipment and a scanner;
step 2: selecting a probe and a wedge block;
and step 3: setting the sound field in a full-coverage mode;
and 4, step 4: a focus setting;
and 5: image display settings;
step 6: calibrating the detection system;
and 7: defect detection scanning mode
And 8: storing data;
and step 9: analyzing the image;
step 10: and (6) checking and accepting.
2. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by adopting the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1 comprises the steps that a SyncScan32PT portable phased array detector is adopted, an LPS-08 chain belt type scanning device and a customized FC02Doppler scanning device are adopted for a scanner, wherein the LPS-08 chain belt type scanning device is mainly used for phased array detection of test pieces with the specifications of 4 inches, 13.49mm, 6 inches, 18.26mm and 10 inches, 12.7mm, and the FC02Doppler scanning frame is mainly used for TOFD detection of all specifications and phased array detection of test pieces with the specifications of 10 inches, 28mm, 18 inches, 31.75mm and 51.75mm of a flat plate T.
3. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the step 2 comprises the following steps of selecting a phased array probe and a wedge block according to the method for welding the ferritic steel, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
TABLE 1 phased array Probe and wedge types
。
4. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the step 3 comprises that the ultrasonic detection is affected by the extra height of the surface weld, the scanning movement of the probe is limited, in order to ensure the coverage and no leakage of the detection, according to the requirements of the technical specification of phased array ultrasonic detection of welding joints of DLT 1718-:
a) the welding line with the nominal thickness less than 1.75mm is preferably detected by simultaneously arranging a primary wave and a secondary wave;
b) the welding line with the nominal thickness of 51.75mm is preferably detected by separately arranging the primary wave and the secondary wave,
the method comprises the following steps of:
TABLE 2 detection of echo and scanning angle
For a flat plate with larger thickness, T is 51.75mm, the method adopts subarea detection: the method is characterized in that a first secondary wave is set separately, two sensitivities are adopted for detection, the quality of a final scanning image is clear, a defect image is visual, and the defect is accurate in qualification, and by combining an early-stage simulation result, for a test piece with a flat plate T of 51.75mm, a secondary wave with a scanning angle of 35-55 degrees is used for detecting the upper half area of the test piece, and a primary wave with a scanning angle of 55-73 degrees is used for detecting the lower half area of the test piece.
5. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the step 4 comprises that the focusing depth of the initial scanning of the welding seam is generally set to be avoided in a near field region, when the detection sound path range is below 50mm, the focusing depth is set to be 1.5T, and T is the thickness of a workpiece; when the detection sound path range is above 50mm, the depth of focus is selected to be 2/3 depth of each detection depth range,
the related parameters of the method are set as follows:
TABLE 3 phased array-related parameter settings
6. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the step 5 comprises displaying the scanned data in the form of A scanning signal and image, wherein the image can be in the form of B scanning, C scanning, S scanning, D scanning, etc.,
there is an encoder scan position display in the image of the scan data.
7. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: step 6 comprises (1) sound speed calibration
Adjusting the instrument to enter a sound velocity calibration guide interface according to the specification of the workpiece and a reference standard, performing sound velocity calibration by using a semi-circular arc on a PGD-7 and ISO19675 test block,
(2) delay calibration
Adjusting the instrument to enter a wedge block delay calibration guide interface according to the performance of the instrument and a reference standard, performing wedge block delay calibration by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks,
(3) angle gain compensation calibration
Adjusting the instrument to enter a sensitivity calibration guide interface according to the performance of the instrument and a reference standard, performing sensitivity calibration by using a semi-circular arc on PGD-7 and ISO19675 test blocks,
(4) TCG calibration
Combining the thickness of a workpiece and a reference standard, respectively carrying out depth calibration by using phi 2 transverse through holes with different depths on a calibration test block, wherein the calibration depth at least reaches the depth of 2 times of the thickness of the plate, and the specific calibration test block and the calibration depth are as follows:
table 4 calibration test block and calibration depth
8. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: step 7 comprises that according to the no-damage detection part 2 of the nuclear island mechanical equipment of the nuclear power plant NB/T _ 20003.2-2010: ultrasonic testing, phased array ultrasonic testing technical procedures of DLT 1718 and 2017 thermal power plant welding joint, and a GBT 32563 and 2016-phased array ultrasonic testing method, wherein linear scanning is selected as the testing method by combining with the design specification of test blocks,
1) longitudinal defect detection scanning mode in welding seam
Adopts a scanning mode that the direction of the sound beam of the probe is vertical to the central line of the welding seam and the moving direction of the probe is parallel to the central line of the welding seam to carry out single-sided and double-sided scanning,
2) scanning mode for detecting transverse defects in welding seam
Manual ultrasonic detection is used, a K2 transverse wave probe is adopted to perform oblique scanning in the forward and reverse directions along the direction of a welding seam,
according to GBT 32563-2016-phased array ultrasonic detection method, during detection, detection is carried out along a marking direction from a 0 point of a test piece as a starting point, a detection end point crosses over the starting point by more than 20mm, scanning speed is guaranteed to be smaller than or equal to a maximum scanning speed Vmax during scanning, and the maximum scanning speed is calculated according to the following formula:
Vmax＝(PFR/N·M)·Δx。
9. the method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the step 8 comprises that after the detection is finished, the detection data is stored in the instrument and can be subjected to image analysis through SuperUp V2.01.00 software after being exported through an SD card.
10. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the step 9 comprises utilizing SuperUp V2.01.00 software to perform image analysis on phased array data to obtain information such as defect detection amount, defect positioning, defect quantification, etc.,
cracking
The probe detects at different positions that a series of continuous signals with bell-shaped pulse envelopes displayed on a display screen have a plurality of small auxiliary wave crests, when the probe moves, each small auxiliary wave crest also moves in the pulse envelopes, the amplitude of the wave gradually rises and then falls when the auxiliary wave crests move to the center of the pulse envelopes, the fluctuation of signal waves is larger,
no fusion of
The probe detects different positions, the display scale displays a single sharp echo waveform, the amplitude starts to rise smoothly to the maximum amplitude when the probe moves forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, the amplitude is basically unchanged or the amplitude change range is not more than 4dB when the probe moves continuously, the amplitude smoothly drops along with the separation of the probe from the reflector,
(iii) lack of penetration
The defect wave amplitude appears at the position slightly ahead of the root of the workpiece, when the probe detects at different positions, a single echo wave with very high wave amplitude appears on the display screen, when the probe moves, the display change of the echo wave amplitude is not large,
fourthly, point defect
Namely, a single sharp echo waveform is displayed on the display screen, when the probe moves forwards and backwards and leftwards and rightwards, the amplitude of the single sharp echo waveform smoothly rises from zero to the maximum value and then smoothly falls to zero,
(v) dense defect
When the probe detects different positions, a group of dense reflector echoes are displayed on the display screen, and when the probe moves, the reflector echoes fall off.
11. The method for detecting the nuclear-grade ferritic steel weld joint of the nuclear power plant by the phased array ultrasonic technology as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: the step 10 comprises, when the amplitude is greater than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB, evaluating and recording,
fail in the following cases:
for non-volume type defects, such as cracks or unfused, no acceptable regardless of amplitude;
-for volume type defects, the following are in any case unacceptable;
1) when the amplitude is more than or equal to the basic sensitivity D0-30dB and less than the basic sensitivity D0-17dB, the length L is more than or equal to 3/t, and the maximum length is not more than 30 mm;
2) the amplitude is larger than or equal to the equivalent amplitude of the basic sensitivity D0-17 dB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011195919.2A CN114441642A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011195919.2A CN114441642A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114441642A true CN114441642A (en) | 2022-05-06 |
Family
ID=81357193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011195919.2A Pending CN114441642A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114441642A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117268297A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 国营川西机器厂 | Method and device for detecting transverse size of welding spot of double-layer catheter based on ultrasonic longitudinal wave |
-
2020
- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011195919.2A patent/CN114441642A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117268297A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 国营川西机器厂 | Method and device for detecting transverse size of welding spot of double-layer catheter based on ultrasonic longitudinal wave |
| CN117268297B (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-02-02 | 国营川西机器厂 | Method and device for detecting transverse size of welding spot of double-layer catheter based on ultrasonic longitudinal wave |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8250923B2 (en) | Ultrasonic inspection method and ultrasonic inspection apparatus | |
| WO2020048373A1 (en) | Intermediate and large diameter thin-walled tube non-destructive detection method based on phased array ultrasonic flaw detector | |
| CN104849349B (en) | The method that thin-walled small diameter tube weld seam is detected using phased array supersonic combination technique | |
| CN108414616A (en) | TMCP steel plate butt weld phased array ultrasonic detecting methods | |
| CN108414622A (en) | Stainless steel tube butt weld phased array ultrasonic detecting method | |
| CN110261476A (en) | A kind of phased array detection method for the butt weld of Austenitic stainless steel pipe road | |
| CN106680374A (en) | Phased array ultrasonic imaging detection method for large-diameter and thick-wall alloy steel weld with stainless steel surfacing layer | |
| CN207020131U (en) | Thin-walled tube girth joint phased array ultrasonic detection reference block | |
| CN105699492A (en) | An ultrasonographic method used for weld seam detection | |
| CN108414617A (en) | Ferrite type steel small diameter tube butt girth welding seam phased array ultrasonic detecting method | |
| CN109307713A (en) | A kind of nuclear power steel containment vessel butt weld detection method | |
| Jung et al. | PAUT-based defect detection method for submarine pressure hulls | |
| CN102967654A (en) | Ultrasonic flaw detection method of surfacing steel pipe from base material side | |
| CN114441642A (en) | Method for detecting nuclear-grade ferrite steel welding seam of nuclear power station by adopting phased array ultrasonic technology | |
| CN103487509B (en) | Ultrasonic manual longitudinal-longituwavel-longitudinal wavel-longitudinal detection method | |
| CN209247705U (en) | The ultrasound examination reference block of stainless steel oil pipe weld seam | |
| CN110208380A (en) | A kind of ultrasonic phase array detection device and its method for steel tube tower weld seam detection | |
| CN113030272B (en) | Advanced ultrasonic detection method and system for nuclear component welding joint | |
| CN113834874B (en) | Method for simulating and analyzing joint fillet weld defects based on CIVA | |
| CN113109436A (en) | Omnibearing phased array detection method for welding seam of small-diameter tube of power station boiler | |
| CN112326799A (en) | Method for applying phased array technology to pressure pipeline regular inspection and grading | |
| Xie et al. | Comparative experimental study on phased array and X-ray detection of small diameter pipe weld | |
| CN216285085U (en) | Stainless steel clad steel plate welding seam ultrasonic testing calibration test block | |
| CN117347492A (en) | Method for detecting quality of welding seam of high-chromium alloy steel pipeline | |
| CN211235663U (en) | Automatic detection system for spiral/longitudinal submerged arc welded pipe by utilizing phased array technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |