CN112326799A - Method for applying phased array technology to pressure pipeline regular inspection and grading - Google Patents
Method for applying phased array technology to pressure pipeline regular inspection and grading Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
A method for applying phased array technology to pressure pipeline periodic inspection and grading comprises the following steps: determining a detection object, performing early-stage preparation, and performing surface treatment on the pressure pipeline to meet the detection requirement; establishing a focusing rule according to the specification of the detected pipeline and the size of a welding seam; calibrating the detection parameters of the linear array probe and making a curve; carrying out field detection: scanning the pressure pipeline welding joint by using the adjusted phased array detection system; and (3) analyzing the scanned image: measuring the length and height of the defect, and determining the defect type; and finishing the grade evaluation of the safety condition according to the corresponding clauses of the pressure pipeline regular inspection rule-industrial pipeline according to the type, the length and the height of the defect. The method has the advantage of more accurate defect qualitative and quantitative determination, can quickly and accurately perform qualitative and height measurement on the buried defects in the welded joint of the pressure pipeline, and effectively avoids the problem of deviation in the safety condition grade evaluation of the pressure pipeline caused by inaccurate defect qualitative and quantitative determination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for regularly inspecting and grading a pressure pipeline. In particular to a method for applying phased array technology to the regular inspection and grading of pressure pipelines.
Background
The pressure pipeline can generate welding defects in manufacturing and installation, new defects can also occur in the using process, and some defects can be expanded in the using process. Defects in welded joints are directly related to safe use of pressure pipes, so the pressure pipe periodic inspection rule-industrial pipes TSG _ D7005-2018 specifies a method for grading the safety conditions of welding defects (undercut, circular defects, strip defects, lack of penetration, lack of fusion, misalignment).
Nondestructive testing is the most direct and effective method for finding defects in a pressure pipeline welding joint and preventing accidents such as leakage, explosion, instability and the like of the pressure pipeline. At present, ray detection and ultrasonic detection methods are mainly adopted for detecting the buried defects in the pressure pipeline inspection, the qualitative and height measurement of the defects are the key and difficult points of the detection, and the safety condition grade evaluation of the pressure pipeline is directly influenced.
Ray detection can carry out comparatively accurate nature to the defect, need use the slot to compare the test block to the survey of defect height, because factors such as welding seam surplus height, the geometry of defect, radiation field intensity, blackness meter precision error are to the influence of blackness, and the measurement precision of defect self height is not high, and the error is great, and the defect that defect self height is greater than 1.5mm can't be measured, has great limitation. Namely, the ray detection is insensitive to area type defects such as cracks with great harmfulness, incomplete fusion and the like, so that the missed detection is easy to occur, and the defect height detection has great limitation. The conventional ultrasonic detection has the defects of poor accessibility, difficulty in rapid and accurate detection and the like, the accuracy of a detection result is easily influenced by coupling conditions and the level of technical personnel, and the defects are difficult to determine qualitatively and measure the height of the defects and have large errors.
The A-type ultrasonic detection method needs to analyze waveform characteristics, and meanwhile, the defect properties are evaluated according to the defect position, the welding method and the like, so that the difficulty is high. The height of the defect itself can be determined by the end point diffraction method, the end maximum echo method and the-6 dB method. But the height of the defect is difficult to measure and the precision is not high.
The concept of phased array technology has originated from radar antenna electromagnetic wave technology, and ultrasound phased arrays were first used only in the medical field. In recent years, with the rapid development of new technologies such as microelectronics, computers, and the like, ultrasonic phased arrays are gradually applied to the field of industrial nondestructive testing. The ultrasonic phased array can flexibly generate deflection and focusing sound beams through the orderly superposition of the sound beams emitted by each array element, high-resolution detection on a detection area can be completed without replacing a probe, and the specific working modes of linear scanning, fan-shaped scanning, dynamic focusing and the like can carry out high-efficiency detection under the condition of not moving or slightly moving the probe. Therefore, compared with other ultrasonic detection methods, the ultrasonic phased array has the advantages of more flexible sound beam, higher detection speed, higher resolution and more visual imaging detection result, and can realize accurate qualitative and more accurate height measurement of the defects.
The phased array technology can be used for accurately measuring the buried defects in the pressure pipeline welding joint qualitatively and highly, and a reliable and efficient detection technical means is provided for the pressure pipeline safety condition grade evaluation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for applying a phased array technology which provides a reliable and efficient detection technical means for pressure pipeline safety condition grade evaluation to pressure pipeline regular inspection and grade.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for applying phased array technology to pressure pipeline periodic inspection and grading comprises the following steps:
1) determining a detection object and performing early-stage preparation, including determining the frequency, the array element width and spacing, the wedge angle and a scanner of a probe according to the specification, the material and the welding seam type of the detected pressure pipeline, and performing surface treatment on the pressure pipeline to meet the detection requirement;
2) establishing a focusing rule according to the specification of the detected pipeline and the size of a welding seam;
3) calibrating the detection parameters of the linear array probe and making a curve, wherein the calibration comprises sound velocity calibration, delay calibration, angle sensitivity calibration and curve making;
4) carrying out field detection: scanning the pressure pipeline welding joint by using the adjusted phased array detection system;
5) and (3) analyzing the scanned image: measuring the length and height of the defect, determining the defect type, and recording;
6) and finishing the grade evaluation of the safety condition according to the type, the length and the height of the defect and corresponding terms of a pressure pipeline periodic inspection rule-industrial pipeline, wherein the grading according to the local thinning defect, the strip defect, the incomplete penetration defect and the incomplete fusion defect is graded according to the height of the defect.
The method for applying the phased array technology to the periodic inspection and grading of the pressure pipeline has the advantages of more accurate defect qualitative and quantitative determination, can quickly and accurately perform qualitative and height measurement on the buried defects in the welded joint of the pressure pipeline, further enables the grade evaluation of the safety condition of the pressure pipeline to be more accurate, effectively avoids the problem that the grade evaluation of the safety condition of the pressure pipeline has deviation due to inaccurate defect qualitative and quantitative determination, provides a basis for the accurate grade evaluation of the comprehensive inspection of the safety condition of the pressure pipeline, further guarantees the use safety of the pressure pipeline, and avoids unnecessary unplanned shutdown.
Compared with other ultrasonic detection methods, the ultrasonic phased array deflects, focuses and scans the sound beam by using a plurality of wafers in a single probe assembly. The ultrasonic wave with a plurality of angles can be simultaneously used by utilizing the deflection of the acoustic beam which is generally called as fan-shaped scanning, namely, the ultrasonic wave with a plurality of angles can be simultaneously used, so that the phased array does not need sawtooth scanning, only the probe is moved along a welding line, and the detection efficiency is higher.
Furthermore, B scanning, D scanning, S scanning and C scanning can be simultaneously possessed, a three-dimensional graph can be established through modeling, the defect display is very visual, the focusing function can be possessed, and the sensitivity and the resolution of phased array detection are higher than those of conventional ultrasonic detection. Therefore, the ultrasonic phased array sound beam is more flexible, the detection speed is higher, the resolution ratio is higher, the imaging detection result is more visual, the self height of the defect can be measured by adopting a-6 dB half-wave height method or an end point diffraction method on an S scanning view or a D scanning view, the defect height is not required to be measured by moving a probe back and forth, the influence of human factors is reduced, and the accurate qualitative and accurate height measurement of the defect can be realized.
Furthermore, ray detection has radiation damage to the human body, needs to be protected, can generally only operate at night to the production device district, and the phased array does not have the factor to human body injury, can carry out cross operation, need not special protection, and relative ray detection is safer feasible in actual detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a phased array scanning perspective;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a phased array scan;
fig. 3 is a top view of a phased array scan.
In the figure:
1: the pressure pipeline 2: weld seam
3: and (3) linear array probe 4: reference line for moving linear array probe
Detailed Description
The following provides a detailed description of the method of the present invention for applying the phased array technology to the periodic inspection and rating of pressure pipes, with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The method for applying the phased array technology to the regular inspection and grading of the pressure pipeline comprises the following steps:
1) determining a detection object and performing early-stage preparation, including determining the frequency, the array element width and spacing, the wedge angle and a scanner of a probe according to the specification, the material and the welding seam type of the detected pressure pipeline, and performing surface treatment on the pressure pipeline to meet the detection requirement; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
when the thickness of the workpiece is 6-15 mm, the frequency of the linear array probe is 7.5MHz, and when the thickness of the workpiece is 15-70 mm, the frequency of the probe is 5 MHz; the phased array probe is in close contact with the detection surface; when the curvature radius of the detected pipeline is smaller and the clearance between the linear array probe wedge and the contact surface of the detected part is larger than 0.5mm, a matched curved surface wedge is adopted.
The surface treatment of the pressure pipeline is to remove all paint, rust, splash and dirt which influence the detection in the area where the linear array probe passes through the detection surface, the detection surface is flat, the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 25 mu m, the probe is convenient to move, and the effectiveness of the detection result cannot be influenced by the irregular state of the surface. When scanning by adopting parallel lines, the polishing width is determined according to the process setting; for the surface of the welding seam, removing irregular shapes which make defect signals fuzzy or can not be found; selecting a corresponding coupling agent according to the detected material;
before detection, marking a detection mark on a workpiece scanning surface, wherein the mark content at least comprises a scanning starting point, a scanning direction and a scanning surface, the starting point mark is represented by '0', the scanning direction is represented by '→' and the scanning surface is represented by 'A, B', and when the butt weld is long and needs to be detected in a segmented mode, the segmented mark needs to be drawn.
2) Establishing a focusing rule according to the specification of the detected pipeline and the size of a welding seam;
the method comprises the following steps: setting the focusing depth of initial scanning to be avoided in a near field region, and setting the focusing depth at the maximum detection sound path when the detection sound path range is below 50 mm; when the detection sound path range is more than 50mm, the focusing depth selects the middle value of the detection sound path range or the set depth; when the defect is accurately quantified, or when higher sensitivity and resolution are required for detection of a specific region, the depth of focus is set to the region.
Further comprising: the scanning angle range of the transverse wave oblique sound beam fan does not exceed 35-75 degrees, and if sound velocity detection exceeding the angle range is required, the process verification is required, and the phased array ultrasonic sound beam is ensured to realize at least twice full coverage on a detection area: when the thickness of the workpiece is 3.5 mm-7 mm and the butt joint with the thickness of 7mm is not included, detecting by adopting a triple wave and a secondary wave or a quadruple wave division device, and detecting on two sides of a single surface of the butt joint; the thickness of the workpiece is 7 mm-30 mm, when the workpiece comprises a 30mm butt joint, primary waves and secondary waves are arranged simultaneously, and detection is carried out on two sides of a single surface of the butt joint; the butt joint with the workpiece thickness of 30-60 mm is separately arranged by adopting primary waves and secondary waves, and detection is carried out on two sides of the double surfaces or two sides of the single surface of the butt joint; if the double-sided or single-sided double-sided detection cannot be realized due to structural limitation, at least one time of scanning by parallel lines at different positions is added, but the included angle of the sound beams covered at any two times is not less than 10 degrees.
3) Calibrating the detection parameters of the linear array probe and making a curve, wherein the calibration comprises sound velocity calibration, delay calibration, angle sensitivity (ACG) calibration and curve making; wherein:
(3.1) the sound speed calibration: calibrating the real sound velocity of the detected workpiece by using a test block with two known curvature radii; if the cambered surface of the CSK-IA test block or the GS test block is adopted for calibration, the linear array probe is placed on the test block, the reflector is aligned, two radius values of the known reflector are input, the reflection signals of the two cambered surfaces are successively found, and the real sound velocity of the detected workpiece is calculated together;
(3.2) the delay calibration: the distance from each A scanning line to a reflector of the same sound path in the full sector scanning range is equal, delay calibration ensures accurate defect positioning, the cambered surface of a CSK-IA test block or a GS test block is adopted for calibration, a linear array probe is placed on the test block, the reflector is aligned, parameters of a gate are adjusted, the probe is moved back and forth on the selected reflector, all angles can be ensured to reflect the reflector, an envelope curve is established, after calibration, the probe is moved back and forth again, whether the envelope curve is between error lines is judged, and if not, recalibration is carried out;
(3.3) the angular sensitivity calibration: in order to ensure that the sound beam sensitivity of each angle in the range of a radiation sound field of the linear array probe is uniform, the arc surface of a CSK-IA test block or a GS test block is adopted for calibration, the linear array probe is placed on the test block, a reflector is aligned, parameters of a gate are set, the gate has the width for accommodating the whole signal, the linear array probe is moved back and forth on the reflector to enable an envelope signal to tend to be smooth, the linear array probe is moved again after the calibration, whether envelope lines are all within an error line is checked, if the envelope lines are not within the error line, the linear array probe is removed and moved back and forth on the reflector again, and the calibration is carried;
(3.4) preparing the curve: manufacturing a distance-amplitude curve (TCG curve) by using through holes of a CSK-IIA test block or a GS test block, placing a linear array probe on the test block, finding out reflection signals of the through holes with different depths and recording the reflection signals, wherein the curve comprises the maximum sound path to be detected;
the coupling loss and material attenuation of the workpiece surface are obtained by measuring the acoustic energy transmission loss difference, the detection sensitivity is compensated according to the actual measurement result, the compensation quantity is calculated into a distance-amplitude curve, and the compensation is not carried out when the maximum acoustic energy transmission loss difference in a span acoustic path is less than or equal to 2 dB.
After the linear array probe detection parameter calibration and curve manufacturing are completed, a process verification test is carried out on a simulation test piece when one of the following conditions is met:
a) workpieces of complex structures and shapes;
b) the detection condition can not meet the detection grade requirement to be adopted;
c) the contract agreement requires a process verification test.
The material of the simulation test piece for the process verification test is as same as or similar to the detected workpiece as possible, and the material is uniform, free of impurities and free of other defects affecting the purpose; the size of the simulation test piece is as same as or similar to that of the detected workpiece as possible; the simulation test piece and the detected workpiece are the same or similar in main geometric dimension, welding groove type, welding process and the like; the test piece contains a representative artificial defect or a natural defect, and the defect is set at a position needing to be verified; the process verification test results are to ensure that defects or reflectors in the simulated test piece can be clearly displayed and measured.
4) Carrying out field detection: scanning the pressure pipeline welding joint by using the adjusted phased array detection system, wherein a linear array probe moves along a reference line in a direction parallel to a welding seam during scanning, and the scanning is shown in attached figures 1-3; the method comprises the following steps:
(4.1) drawing a moving reference line of the linear array probe on the scanning surfaces at two sides of the welding line, determining the distance between the reference line and the central line of the welding line according to process setting, wherein the distance error between the reference line and the central line of the welding line is +/-1 mm;
(4.2) rotating the linear array probe to detect the welding joint, wherein the deviation of the moving track of the linear array probe relative to a reference line is not more than +/-2 mm, and the scanning speed of the linear array probe is not more than 50 mm/s;
(4.3) parallel line scanning and fan scanning are adopted for detection, fan scanning is adopted for suspicious parts, and detection is carried out by combining various scanning modes of sawtooth, front and back, left and right, rotation and surrounding;
(4.4) scanning the pipe butt welding joint, ensuring that a starting point and an end point of a scanning area have certain overlap, and setting the width of one probe in the overlap area to be 50 mm;
(4.5) after the scanning is finished, generating a phased array map, evaluating the effectiveness of phased array map data, and storing the phased array map;
(4.6) repeating (4.1) to (4.5), and when all the scans are finished, cleaning the surface of the workpiece.
5) And (3) analyzing the scanned image: measuring the length and height of the defect, determining the defect type, and recording;
the measuring the length and height of the defect comprises:
the parallel scanning adopts an evaluation line absolute sensitivity method to measure the length of a defect image, and then the actual length I of the defect is calculated by the following formula:
I＝L*(R-H)/R (1)
in the formula: l is the defect image length, mm; r is the outer diameter of the pipe and is mm; h is the depth of the defect from the outer surface, and is mm;
the measurement of the height of the defect is carried out by adopting a-6 dB half-wave height method or an end point diffraction method on an S scanning view or a D scanning view; the defect types include: local thinning defects, strip defects, lack of penetration defects, and lack of fusion defects.
6) And finishing the grade evaluation of the safety condition according to the corresponding clauses of the pressure pipeline periodic inspection rule-industrial pipeline according to the types, the lengths and the heights of the defects, wherein the grades of the local thinning defects, the strip defects, the incomplete penetration defects and the incomplete fusion defects are regulated according to the grade contents of 3.2.6 welding defects (containing no cracks) of a pipe inspection rule according to the self heights of the defects.
For example, the following steps are carried out:
pressure pipe periodic inspection rule-industrial pipe 3.2.6 fifth item of rating content for weld defects (no cracks included): when the single welded joint of the GC1 grade pipeline is not fused and the total length of the fusion is not more than 50 percent of the length of the welded joint, the pipeline is graded according to the table 1, otherwise, the pipeline is graded as 4; the unfused lengths of the GC2 grade and GC3 grade pipelines are not limited, and the grades are determined according to the following table 1;
TABLE 1 maximum value of unfused self height in single welded joint allowed by each stage of pipe
When the effective thickness t of the pipeline is GC1 gradeeAt 8mm, the pipe is rated as grade 3 according to the table above when the height of the unfused defect itself is 1.5mm at a maximum.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the application of the periodic inspection and rating of the pressure pipeline is implemented based on an ultrasonic phased array imaging technology, by which the defect property can be determined according to the morphological characteristics of the defect, assisted by the weld groove structure, the welding method, the defect position, and the like, and the defect height can be directly measured on the S-scan view or the D-scan view. The ultrasonic phased array imaging technology not only can accurately determine the nature, but also can make up for the short plates of the conventional ray and ultrasonic detection in the height measurement of the defect. Therefore, the aim of improving the accuracy of the regular inspection and the rating of the pressure pipeline is fulfilled.
Various modifications and alterations of this invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A method for applying phased array technology to periodic inspection and grading of pressure pipelines is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining a detection object and performing early-stage preparation, including determining the frequency, the array element width and spacing, the wedge angle and a scanner of a probe according to the specification, the material and the welding seam type of the detected pressure pipeline, and performing surface treatment on the pressure pipeline to meet the detection requirement;
2) establishing a focusing rule according to the specification of the detected pipeline and the size of a welding seam;
3) calibrating the detection parameters of the linear array probe and making a curve, wherein the calibration comprises sound velocity calibration, delay calibration, angle sensitivity calibration and curve making;
4) carrying out field detection: scanning the pressure pipeline welding joint by using the adjusted phased array detection system;
5) and (3) analyzing the scanned image: measuring the length and height of the defect, determining the defect type, and recording;
6) and finishing the grade evaluation of the safety condition according to the type, the length and the height of the defect and corresponding terms of a pressure pipeline periodic inspection rule-industrial pipeline, wherein the grading according to the local thinning defect, the strip defect, the incomplete penetration defect and the incomplete fusion defect is graded according to the height of the defect.
2. The method for applying the phased array technology to the regular inspection and rating of the pressure pipelines according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), when the thickness of the workpiece is 6-15 mm, the frequency of the linear array probe is 7.5MHz, and when the thickness of the workpiece is 15-70 mm, the frequency of the probe is 5 MHz; the phased array probe is in close contact with the detection surface; when the clearance between the linear array probe wedge and the contact surface of the detected piece is more than 0.5mm, a matched curved surface wedge is adopted.
3. The method for applying the phased array technology to the periodic inspection and grading of the pressure pipelines according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment of the pressure pipelines in the step 1) is to remove all paint, rust, splash and dirt which influence the detection on the area of the line array probe passing through the detection surface, the detection surface is flat, the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 25 μm, and when the parallel lines are adopted for scanning, the grinding width is determined according to the process setting; for the surface of the welding seam, removing irregular shapes which make defect signals fuzzy or can not be found; selecting a corresponding coupling agent according to the detected material;
marking a detection mark on a workpiece scanning surface before detection, wherein the mark at least comprises a scanning starting point, a scanning direction and a scanning surface, and when a butt welding seam needs to be detected in a segmented mode, a segmented mark needs to be drawn.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein step 2) comprises: setting the focusing depth of initial scanning to be avoided in a near field region, and setting the focusing depth at the maximum detection sound path when the detection sound path range is below 50 mm; when the detection sound path range is more than 50mm, the focusing depth selects the middle value of the detection sound path range or the set depth; when the defect is accurately quantified, or when higher sensitivity and resolution are required for detection of a specific region, the depth of focus is set to the region.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein step 2) further comprises: the scanning angle range of the transverse wave oblique sound beam fan does not exceed 35-75 degrees, and if sound velocity detection exceeding the angle range is required, the process verification is required, and the phased array ultrasonic sound beam is ensured to realize at least twice full coverage on a detection area: when the thickness of the workpiece is 3.5 mm-7 mm and the butt joint with the thickness of 7mm is not included, detecting by adopting a triple wave and a secondary wave or a quadruple wave division device, and detecting on two sides of a single surface of the butt joint; the thickness of the workpiece is 7 mm-30 mm, when the workpiece comprises a 30mm butt joint, primary waves and secondary waves are arranged simultaneously, and detection is carried out on two sides of a single surface of the butt joint; the butt joint with the workpiece thickness of 30-60 mm is separately arranged by adopting primary waves and secondary waves, and detection is carried out on two sides of the double surfaces or two sides of the single surface of the butt joint; if the double-sided or single-sided double-sided detection cannot be realized due to structural limitation, at least one time of scanning by parallel lines at different positions is added, but the included angle of the sound beams covered at any two times is not less than 10 degrees.
6. Method of application of phased array technology in pressure pipe periodic inspection rating according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 3):
(3.1) the sound speed calibration: calibrating the real sound velocity of the detected workpiece by using a test block with two known curvature radii;
(3.2) the delay calibration: the distance from each A scanning line to the reflector of the same sound path in the full fan scanning range is equal;
(3.3) the angular sensitivity calibration: the arc surface of a CSK-IA test block or a GS test block is adopted for calibration, a linear array probe is placed on the test block, a reflector is aligned, parameters of a gate are set, the gate has the width for accommodating the whole signal, the linear array probe is moved back and forth on the reflector to enable an envelope signal to tend to be smooth, the linear array probe is moved again after the calibration, whether envelope lines are all within an error line is checked, if the envelope lines are not within the error line, the envelope lines are removed, the linear array probe is moved back and forth on the reflector again, and the calibration is carried out again;
(3.4) preparing the curve: manufacturing a distance-amplitude curve (TCG curve) by using through holes of a CSK-IIA test block or a GS test block, placing a linear array probe on the test block, finding out reflection signals of the through holes with different depths and recording the reflection signals, wherein the curve comprises the maximum sound path to be detected;
the coupling loss and material attenuation of the workpiece surface are obtained by measuring the acoustic energy transmission loss difference, the detection sensitivity is compensated according to the actual measurement result, the compensation quantity is calculated into a distance-amplitude curve, and the compensation is not carried out when the maximum acoustic energy transmission loss difference in a span acoustic path is less than or equal to 2 dB.
7. Method of application of phased array technology in pressure pipe periodic inspection rating according to claim 6, characterized in that in step 3): after the linear array probe detection parameter calibration and curve manufacturing are completed, a process verification test is carried out on a simulation test piece when one of the following conditions is met:
a) workpieces of complex structures and shapes;
b) the detection condition can not meet the detection grade requirement to be adopted;
c) the contract agreement requires a process verification test.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein step 4) comprises:
(4.1) drawing a moving reference line of the linear array probe on the scanning surfaces at two sides of the welding line, determining the distance between the reference line and the central line of the welding line according to process setting, wherein the distance error between the reference line and the central line of the welding line is +/-1 mm;
(4.2) rotating the linear array probe to detect the welding joint, wherein the deviation of the moving track of the linear array probe relative to a reference line is not more than +/-2 mm, and the scanning speed of the linear array probe is not more than 50 mm/s;
(4.3) parallel line scanning and fan scanning are adopted for detection, fan scanning is adopted for suspicious parts, and detection is carried out by combining various scanning modes of sawtooth, front and back, left and right, rotation and surrounding;
(4.4) scanning the pipe butt welding joint, ensuring that a starting point and an end point of a scanning area have certain overlap, and setting the width of one probe in the overlap area to be 50 mm;
(4.5) after the scanning is finished, generating a phased array map, evaluating the effectiveness of phased array map data, and storing the phased array map;
(4.6) repeating (4.1) to (4.5), and when all the scans are finished, cleaning the surface of the workpiece.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 5) of measuring the length and height of the defect comprises:
the parallel scanning adopts an evaluation line absolute sensitivity method to measure the length of a defect image, and then the actual length I of the defect is calculated by the following formula:
I＝L*(R-H)/R (1)
in the formula: l is the defect image length, mm; r is the outer diameter of the pipe and is mm; h is the depth of the defect from the outer surface, and is mm;
the measurement of the height of the defect is carried out by adopting a-6 dB half-wave height method or an end point diffraction method on an S scanning view or a D scanning view;
the defect types include: local thinning defects, strip defects, lack of penetration defects, and lack of fusion defects.
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