CN114441402A - Method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone - Google Patents
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- CN114441402A CN114441402A CN202011210485.9A CN202011210485A CN114441402A CN 114441402 A CN114441402 A CN 114441402A CN 202011210485 A CN202011210485 A CN 202011210485A CN 114441402 A CN114441402 A CN 114441402A
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000019585 progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012314 multivariate regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development geology in the petroleum industry, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone. The method comprises the steps of dividing sandstone sections and mudstone sections of the same stratum unit of a target area according to well logging curves of single wells of the target area; then determining a base value SP0 of a mudstone section SP logging curve, an average value SP1 of points above a half-width point of the sandstone section SP logging curve to be evaluated, a lowest value AC0 of a sandstone section AC logging curve in a target area and an average value AC1 of points above a half-width point of the sandstone section AC logging curve to be evaluated, substituting the values into a constructed permeability evaluation model, and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section to be evaluated; the permeability evaluation model is as follows: PERM ═ a (SP1-SP0) + b (AC1-AC0) + c; a. and b, performing physical analysis on partial samples of the core section of the core well in the target area to obtain actual measurement permeability and performing fitting analysis on log data of corresponding depth. The method has low requirement on required data and data, and realizes the fine evaluation of the permeability of the compact sandstone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development geology in the petroleum industry, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone.
Background
The compact sandstone oil gas is a sandstone oil gas layer with overburden pressure matrix permeability less than or equal to 0.1mD (air permeability less than or equal to 1mD), has rich reserves and occupies an important position in the energy structure of China. The compact sandstone oil-gas reservoir has the characteristics of deep burial, strong reservoir heterogeneity, low development and exploitation degree and the like. The physical property characteristics of the compact sandstone reservoir determine the oil and gas output capacity, and the method is a key condition for realizing efficient development of the compact sandstone reservoir.
In the prior art, the research on the permeability of the compact sandstone mostly utilizes an acoustic logging curve and analysis data of the porosity and permeability of a core to make a porosity-acoustic time difference relation model and a permeability-porosity explanation model on the sandstone in a core section to determine the permeability. However, the logging is not sensitive to the response characteristics of the physical properties of the tight sandstone, and the conventional logging method is difficult to evaluate the permeability of the tight sandstone, so that the problems of large error and low precision exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone, which is used for solving the problems of large error and low precision caused by evaluating the permeability of the tight sandstone by using a conventional logging method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone, which comprises the following steps:
1) dividing sandstone sections and mudstone sections in the same stratigraphic unit of the target area according to the logging curves of the individual wells of the target area, which reflect lithology changes;
2) determining a base value SP0 of a mudstone section SP logging curve, an average value SP1 of points above a half-width point of a sandstone section SP logging curve to be evaluated, a lowest value AC0 of a sandstone section AC logging curve in a target area and an average value AC1 of points above a half-width point of an AC logging curve of a sandstone section to be evaluated, substituting the values into a constructed permeability evaluation model, and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section to be evaluated; further obtaining the permeability of the sandstone section in the target area;
wherein, the half-amplitude point is a point corresponding to half of the peak value of the logging curve; the sandstone section to be evaluated is a target area non-coring well, a target area non-coring well non-coring section or a sandstone section of the target area coring well, and physical property analysis is not performed on the sandstone section; the permeability evaluation model is as follows:
PERM＝a*(SP1-SP0)+b*(AC1-AC0)+c
and the model parameters are obtained by performing fitting analysis on the measured permeability and the logging data of the corresponding depth, which are obtained by performing physical analysis on part of samples of the coring section of the target area coring well.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: according to the logging curve, parameters related to a permeability evaluation model are obtained from the logging curve, including a base value of a mudstone section SP logging curve, an average value of points above a half-width point of the sandstone section SP logging curve, a minimum value of a sandstone section AC logging curve in a target area and an average value of points above a half-width point of the sandstone section AC logging curve, and are substituted into the constructed permeability evaluation model, so that the permeability of the sandstone section to be evaluated can be calculated, and further the permeability of the sandstone section in the target area is obtained, and the permeability evaluation model is determined according to the actually-measured permeability of a coring section of a coring well of the target area, wherein physical property experiments are carried out on the coring well. According to the method, after a reservoir permeability evaluation model is built, a core test is not needed, the requirement on required data information is low, the permeability of the tight sandstone is simply and quickly evaluated, the physical property characteristics of parameters in the permeability evaluation model are highlighted, the permeability is accurately evaluated, the precision is high, and the method has wide popularization and application values.
Further, in order to accurately divide the sandstone section and the mudstone section, in the step 1), the logging curve of the target area is a GR logging curve.
Further, in order to simply and quickly determine the model parameters in the permeability evaluation model, in step 2), the method for performing the fitting analysis is a multiple regression method.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method of evaluating tight sandstone permeability of the present invention;
figure 2 is a plot of a log of 2-segment tight sand in a target zone X well box of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for evaluating the permeability of the tight sandstone is used for solving the defects of large permeability evaluation error and low precision caused by insensitivity of logging to response characteristics of physical properties of the tight sandstone.
The permeability evaluation model used in the present invention is as follows:
PERM＝a*△SP+b*△AC+c (1)
wherein PERM is the permeability of the sandstone segments; Δ SP is SP1-SP0, Δ SP is the first index of the sandstone section, SP1 is the average value of points above the half-width point of the SP logging curve of the sandstone section, and SP0 is the base value of the SP logging curve of the mudstone section (the maximum value of the common natural potential is the mudstone base line); the delta AC is AC1-AC0, the delta AC is a second index of the sandstone section, AC1 is an average value of points above a half-amplitude point of an AC logging curve of the sandstone section, and AC0 is a lowest value of the AC logging curve of the sandstone section in a target area; a. and b and c are both model parameters, and are obtained by performing multivariate regression analysis on actually measured permeability in physical property data and logging data of corresponding depth, which are obtained by performing analysis and assay on partial samples of the coring section of the coring well of the target area. Wherein, the half-width point is a point corresponding to half of the peak value of the logging curve.
After model parameters a, b and c of the permeability evaluation model are obtained, logging curves of all single wells can be obtained according to targets, useful information including SP1, SP0, AC1 and AC0 is obtained from the logging curves and is substituted into the permeability evaluation model, and the permeability of the non-coring wells, the non-coring sections of the coring wells and the sandstone sections of any depth points of which the coring sections are not subjected to analysis and test is calculated.
The following describes a method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method comprises the following steps:
the flow chart of the embodiment of the method for evaluating the permeability of the tight sandstone is shown in figure 1.
Establishing a corresponding relation by using rock cores and rock debris data obtained by drilling in a target area and a logging curve reflecting lithological change, and dividing sandstone and mudstone in the same stratigraphic unit in the target area by limiting the range value of a GR logging curve.
Analyzing and testing a part of samples of the coring section of the coring well of the target area, and taking the actually measured permeability in the physical property data as the actually measured permeability PERM of the section; acquiring an AC logging curve (acoustic wave time difference logging curve) and an SP logging curve (natural potential logging curve) corresponding to the coring section, and calculating to obtain a first index delta SP and a second index delta AC corresponding to the actually measured permeability of the section; through multiple regression analysis, model parameters a, b and c in the permeability evaluation model shown as formula (1) are determined.
And thirdly, reading a base value SP0 of the mudstone section on the SP logging curve of the mudstone section, reading an average value SP1 of points above a half-width point of the SP logging curve of the sandstone section to be evaluated, calculating the delta SP as SP1-SP0, and taking the delta SP as a first index for calculating the permeability of the tight sandstone of the sandstone section. The sandstone section to be evaluated is a target area non-coring well, a target area non-coring well non-coring section or a sandstone section of the target area coring well, wherein physical property analysis is not performed on the sandstone section;
and step three, reading the minimum value AC0 of the sandstone section AC logging curve on the sandstone section AC logging curve (the minimum value is the minimum value of the AC logging curves of all the intervals of the target sandstone in the whole region), reading the average value AC1 of each point above the half-amplitude point of the sandstone section AC logging curve to be evaluated, calculating delta AC (AC1-AC0), and taking the delta AC as the second index of the sandstone section for calculating the permeability of the compact sandstone.
And step four, substituting the first index delta SP and the second index delta AC into a formula (1) with determined model parameters, and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section to be evaluated. And then the permeability of each sandstone section in the target area is obtained.
The method for evaluating the permeability of the tight sandstone according to the present invention is applied to the evaluation of the permeability of the tight sandstone in a certain target area in the north of the berdos basin.
Step one, establishing a corresponding relation according to a logging core, rock debris and GR logging (natural gamma logging curve) obtained by drilling 2 sections of the rock box group box under the target zone binary system, dividing sandstone sections and mudstone sections according to GR values, dividing the GR values into sandstone and GR >75API, and dividing the X wells in FIG. 2 into 2 sandstone sections according to the GR values.
And secondly, establishing data of actually measured permeability of the sandstone section of the 9-opening coring well in the target area, and data of delta SP and delta AC, and obtaining a compact sandstone permeability evaluation model in the target area through multivariate regression analysis as shown in a formula (2) in the table 1. Substituting data of Delta SP and Delta AC of a sandstone section of a coring well with 9 openings of a target area into an equation (2) to obtain calculated permeability, taking an absolute value of the calculated permeability and an actual measured permeability as an absolute error, and taking a percentage of the absolute error and the actual measured permeability as a relative error, wherein the relative error is within 25 percent as shown in Table 2, the multivariate regression analysis is considered to be reasonable, and the calculation result can be used for evaluating the permeability of the target area.
PERM＝-0.0327*△SP+0.0089*△AC-0.4117 (2)
TABLE 1 sandstone segment data sheet for core well
TABLE 2 Permeability error analysis Table
Step three, reading a base value SP0 of the mudstone section to be 104.3mV on a mudstone section SP logging curve, reading an average value SP1 of points above a half-amplitude point of a No. 1 sandstone section SP logging curve to be 69.2mV, calculating delta SP to be SP1-SP0 to be-35.1 mV, and taking the calculated delta SP as a first index of the permeability of the No. 1 sandstone section; reading the average value SP1 of points above the half-width point of the SP logging curve of the sandstone section No. 2, wherein the average value SP1 is 62.0mV, calculating the value delta SP which is SP1-SP0 is-42.3 mV, and taking the calculated delta SP as the first index of the permeability of the sandstone section No. 2.
Step three, reading the lowest value AC0 of the whole sandstone section AC logging curve to be 187.0 mu s/m, reading the average value AC1 of points above the half-amplitude point of the sandstone section AC logging curve No. 1 to be 266.7 mu s/m, calculating the Delta AC1-AC0 to be 79.7 mu s/m, and using the calculated Delta AC as the second index of the permeability of the sandstone section No. 1; and reading the average value AC1 of points above the half-width point of the AC logging curve of the sandstone section No. 2, namely 238.3 mu s/m, calculating the Delta AC1-AC0, namely 51.3 mu s/m, and taking the calculated Delta AC as a second index of the permeability of the sandstone section No. 2.
Step four, substituting the first index delta SP of the sandstone section No. 1 to-35.1 mV and the second index delta AC of the sandstone section No. 1 to an equation (2), and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section No. 1 to be 1.45 mD; substituting the first index delta SP of the sandstone section No. 2 with-42.3 mV and the second index delta AC of the sandstone section No. 2 with 51.3 mu s/m into the formula (2), and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section No. 2 with 1.43 mD; from this it can be determined that the permeability of the sandstone segment No. 1 is better than the permeability of the sandstone segment No. 2.
It should be noted that the values of the model parameters a, b, and c are not fixed, and different target areas correspond to different values of a, b, and c. In the first step, a GR logging curve is used to determine each mudstone segment and sandstone segment, and a GR value of 75 is used as a partition basis, which is applicable to the target zone illustrated in the present embodiment. As another embodiment, other well logs reflecting lithology changes can be selected according to the target region, for example, when potassium feldspar in sandstone components is high, the radioactivity of potassium element causes the GR well log of sandstone to be increased, and the lithology can be divided by using the GR well log and the CNL (neutron) well log in a combined manner.
On the whole, the method starts from common well logging data, utilizes a GR well logging curve to distinguish the compact sandstone in the same stratigraphic unit, then constructs a first index delta SP and a second index delta AC which highlight the permeability of the compact sandstone, and establishes a relation curve of the actually measured permeability of the sandstone section of the coring well and the delta SP and the delta AC, so that the sandstone in the same stratigraphic unit and the actually measured permeability have a better matching relation, the requirement on required data information is lower, the permeability characteristic of the compact sandstone is finely evaluated, and the method has wide popularization and application values. Moreover, the method makes up the defects that the traditional logging curve AC is insensitive to the response of the permeability of the compact sandstone and the logging curve SP is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the permeability, realizes the rapid and quantitative evaluation of the permeability of the compact sandstone, and has practical guiding significance for rapidly and accurately identifying the oil-gas reservoir in the exploration and development of the oil-gas field.
Claims (3)
1. A method for evaluating permeability of tight sandstone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) according to the logging curve of each single well in the target area reflecting the lithological change, each sandstone section and each mudstone section in the same stratum unit in the target area are divided;
2) determining a base value SP0 of a mudstone section SP logging curve, an average value SP1 of points above a half-width point of a sandstone section SP logging curve to be evaluated, a lowest value AC0 of a sandstone section AC logging curve in a target area and an average value AC1 of points above a half-width point of an AC logging curve of a sandstone section to be evaluated, substituting the values into a constructed permeability evaluation model, and calculating to obtain the permeability of the sandstone section to be evaluated; further obtaining the permeability of the sandstone section in the target area;
wherein, the half-width point is a point corresponding to half of the peak value of the logging curve; the sandstone section to be evaluated is a target area non-coring well, a target area non-coring well non-coring section or a sandstone section of the target area coring well, and physical property analysis is not performed on the sandstone section; the permeability evaluation model is as follows:
PERM＝a*(SP1-SP0)+b*(AC1-AC0)+c
and the model parameters are obtained by performing fitting analysis on the measured permeability and the logging data of the corresponding depth, which are obtained by performing physical analysis on part of samples of the coring section of the target area coring well.
2. The method for evaluating tight sandstone permeability according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the log of the target zone is a GR log.
3. The method for evaluating tight sandstone permeability according to claim 1, wherein the fitting analysis is performed by a multiple regression method in step 2).
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2020
- 2020-11-03 CN CN202011210485.9A patent/CN114441402A/en active Pending
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