CN114441128A - Testing device and testing method for detecting spare wheel carrier - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for detecting spare wheel carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN114441128A CN114441128A CN202210030410.5A CN202210030410A CN114441128A CN 114441128 A CN114441128 A CN 114441128A CN 202210030410 A CN202210030410 A CN 202210030410A CN 114441128 A CN114441128 A CN 114441128A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device and a test method for spare wheel carrier detection, and relates to the field of spare wheel carrier testing. The test device comprises a test bed, a supporting structure, a frame structure and a sensor assembly, wherein the supporting structure is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the test bed, and the frame structure is fixedly arranged on the supporting structure; the frame structure comprises two longitudinal beams and two cross beams, the cross beams are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams, a reinforcing part is arranged between the longitudinal beams and the supporting structure, and assembling holes for fixing the spare wheel carrier are formed in the lower sides of the longitudinal beams; the sensor assembly comprises a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor, wherein the second sensor is arranged on the frame structure to detect the vibration acceleration of the frame structure; the third sensor is used for mounting the spare wheel frame to detect the vibration acceleration of the spare wheel frame. The vibration parameters of all parts of the test device can be comprehensively detected so as to determine the resonance condition of the frame structure and the spare wheel frame, and the durability of the spare wheel frame can be accurately simulated and detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spare wheel carrier testing, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for spare wheel carrier testing.
Background
The automobile is usually provided with spare tires or spare wheels, which are divided into hidden spare wheels, back-hanging spare wheels and bottom-hanging spare wheels according to the installation form. The bottom-hanging spare wheel can save the space at the rear part of the carriage, and is widely applied to truck types, such as MPV (multi-purpose vehicle), SUV (sports utility vehicle) and the like.
At present, the prior art discloses an automobile spare tire bracket, which specifically comprises a bracket arranged between two frame longitudinal beams, wherein a spare tire is arranged on the bracket; the support has even the cradling piece of a parallel to constitute, and two cradling pieces are connected through two and cradling piece vertically connecting rod, all are equipped with on two cradling pieces and two connecting rods with the corresponding hole of bolt hole on the wheel hub of spare tyre, use the bolt with the wheel hub of spare tyre and two connecting rods and the cradling piece of support together fixed, prevent that the spare tyre from droing and losing.
In order to ensure that the reliability of the spare wheel carrier (equivalent to an automobile spare tire bracket) reaches the standard, two longitudinal beams are usually directly fixed on a test bed, and the spare wheel carrier is fixedly connected to the upper wing surface of the longitudinal beam by using bolts so as to simulate the stress condition of the spare wheel carrier in a driving state.
However, when the test tool of the existing spare wheel carrier is used for detection, the structural rigidity of the two longitudinal beams is insufficient, and the tool is easy to generate a resonance condition; in addition, the spare wheel carrier is only mounted on the upper wing surface, and the mounting position of the spare wheel carrier is not consistent with that of the actual vehicle, so that the durability of the spare wheel carrier cannot be accurately simulated and detected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a test device for detecting a spare wheel carrier and a test method thereof, so as to solve the problem that when the test device of the existing spare wheel carrier is used for detection, the structural rigidity of two longitudinal beams is insufficient, and a tool is easy to generate resonance; in addition, the spare wheel carrier can be only installed on the upper wing surface, and the problem that the durability of the spare wheel carrier cannot be accurately simulated and detected because the spare wheel carrier is not in accordance with the assembling position of the spare wheel carrier in the actual vehicle state is solved.
The technical scheme of the test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier comprises the following steps:
the test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier comprises a test bed, a supporting structure, a frame structure and a sensor assembly, wherein the supporting structure is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the test bed, and the frame structure is fixedly arranged on the supporting structure;
the frame structure comprises two longitudinal beams and two cross beams, the two longitudinal beams are arranged in parallel at intervals, the cross beams are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams, the two cross beams are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams and distributed at intervals, a reinforcing part is arranged between the longitudinal beams and the supporting structure, and assembling holes for fixing spare wheel carriers are formed in the lower sides of the longitudinal beams;
the sensor assembly comprises a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor, wherein the first sensor is mounted on the test bed to detect the vibration acceleration of the test bed; the second sensor is mounted on the frame structure to detect the vibration acceleration of the frame structure; the third sensor is used for mounting on the spare wheel frame to detect the vibration acceleration of the spare wheel frame.
Furthermore, the cross section profile of the longitudinal beam is U-shaped, the two longitudinal beams are oppositely arranged in an opening manner, each longitudinal beam comprises an upper wing surface, a lower wing surface and a web plate, and the web plate is fixedly connected between the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface;
crossbeam fixed connection is in two the web of longeron is inboard, reinforcement fixed connection in the web outside of longeron, the reinforcement correspond set up in the tip outside of crossbeam.
Furthermore, the cross section of each cross beam is U-shaped, the two cross beams are oppositely arranged in an opening manner, and the structure of each cross beam is the same as that of each longitudinal beam;
an L-shaped connecting plate is arranged between the web of the longitudinal beam and the end part of the transverse beam, the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting plate is attached and fixed with the web of the longitudinal beam, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting plate is attached and fixed with the upper wing surface of the transverse beam or the lower wing surface of the transverse beam.
Furthermore, the longitudinal beam is of a two-layer beam structure and comprises an inner beam part and an outer beam part, the inner beam part is attached to the inner side of the outer beam part, and the inner beam part and the outer beam part are riveted or bolted.
Furthermore, the supporting structure comprises two door-shaped structures, the two door-shaped structures are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the door-shaped structures comprise two upright posts and an upper frame beam fixed at the upper ends of the upright posts, and the cross beam and the upper frame beam are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding manner;
the lower part of the upright post is provided with a bottom plate, a reinforced inclined strut is fixedly connected between the upright post and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a fixing hole, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the fixing hole and the positioning hole of the test bed.
Further, the reinforcement is right angle channel section spare, the vertical side of right angle channel section spare with the web laminating of longeron is fixed, the horizontal bottom surface of right angle channel section spare with bearing structure laminating is fixed.
Further, the test bed is an 18T vibration test bed, and the test bed is used for performing a frequency sweep test on the spare wheel carrier to detect whether the spare wheel carrier resonates or not and performing an endurance test on the spare wheel carrier to detect the endurance performance of the spare wheel carrier.
The technical scheme of the test method for detecting the spare wheel carrier comprises the following steps:
the test method using the test apparatus for testing the wheel stand according to claim 1 comprises the steps of:
step one, sweep frequency test
The method comprises the steps that the acceleration input to a spare wheel frame by a frame structure is used as a control signal, and X, Y, Z frequency sweep tests in three directions are respectively carried out to search the resonance frequency in the three directions;
step two, confirming whether the frame structure meets the design requirements
The first sensor detects the vibration acceleration a1 of the test bed, the second sensor detects the vibration acceleration a2 of the frame structure, and the third sensor detects the vibration acceleration a3 of the spare wheel frame;
if the amplitude ratio
The frame structure is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the frame structure has no resonance, and the design requirements are met;
amplitude ratio
The spare wheel frame is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the spare wheel frame has no resonance;
step three, endurance test
If the spare wheel frame has resonance in the steps, and the resonance frequencies are fx1, fy1 and fz1 respectively, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance endurance test scheme;
if the spare wheel carrier does not resonate in the above step, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance-free endurance test scheme;
step four, determining the detection result
Through a frequency sweep test and an endurance test, if the tested spare wheel carrier has no faults such as obvious deformation, cracking and the like, judging that the spare wheel carrier passes the test; otherwise, the spare wheel rack is judged to fail the test.
Further, in step three, the resonant endurance test scheme is as follows:
under the resonance frequency fx1, loading 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration on a spare wheel frame by the frame structure, carrying out an endurance test with the duration of 0.5h, and checking whether a part has a fault or not; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fy1, the frame structure loads a Y-direction vibration acceleration of 4.5g to the spare wheel frame, the endurance test lasts for 0.5h, and whether the part has a fault is checked; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fz1, the frame structure loads a Z-direction vibration acceleration of 7g on the spare wheel frame, the endurance test lasts for 1h, and whether the part has a fault is checked; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 7g of Z-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 3 h.
Further, in step three, the no-resonance endurance test protocol is as follows:
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
and (3) loading 7g of Z-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame by the frame structure under the constant frequency of 33Hz, and carrying out an endurance test with the duration of 4 h.
Has the advantages that: the test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier adopts the design form of a test bed, a support structure, a frame structure and a sensor assembly, wherein the support structure is fixed on the upper side of the test bed, the frame structure is fixedly arranged on the support structure, two longitudinal beams of the frame structure are arranged in parallel at intervals, and a cross beam is fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams; and moreover, the reinforcing part is arranged between the longitudinal beam and the supporting structure, the integrity of the frame structure and the supporting structure is improved through the reinforcing part, and the test bed is ensured to effectively transmit the vibration load to the spare wheel frame.
The lower side of the longitudinal beam is provided with an assembling hole, the spare wheel frame can be fixed on the lower side of the longitudinal beam through a fastening bolt, the assembling mode is the same as the assembling position of the spare wheel frame in the actual vehicle state, and vibration parameters of all parts of the testing device can be comprehensively detected by combining a first sensor arranged on the testing table, a second sensor arranged on the frame structure and a third sensor arranged on the spare wheel frame, so that the resonance condition of the frame structure and the spare wheel frame can be determined, and the durability of the spare wheel frame can be accurately simulated and detected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a test apparatus for spare wheel carrier inspection according to an embodiment of the present invention (when the spare wheel carrier and the spare wheel are installed);
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a testing apparatus for testing a spare wheel carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the testing apparatus for detecting the spare wheel carrier in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the testing apparatus for detecting the spare wheel carrier of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic step diagram of a testing method using the testing apparatus for wheel carrier detection in the embodiment of the testing apparatus for wheel carrier detection of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a test bed, 11-a first sensor, 12-a second sensor, 13-a third sensor;
2-supporting structure, 21-upper frame beam, 22-upright post, 23-bottom plate and 24-reinforced diagonal brace;
3-frame structure, 31-longitudinal beam, 310-web of longitudinal beam, 311-upper wing surface of longitudinal beam, 312-lower wing surface of longitudinal beam;
32-beam, 33-right-angle groove profile, 34-L-shaped connecting plate, 4-spare wheel frame and 5-spare wheel.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In embodiment 1 of the test apparatus for detecting a spare wheel carrier of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the test apparatus for detecting a spare wheel carrier includes a test bed 1, a support structure 2, a frame structure 3 and a sensor assembly, the support structure 2 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the test bed 1, and the frame structure 3 is fixedly installed on the support structure 2; the frame structure 3 comprises two longitudinal beams 31 and two cross beams 32, the two longitudinal beams 31 are arranged in parallel at intervals, the cross beams 32 are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams 31, the two cross beams 32 are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams 31 and are distributed at intervals, a reinforcing part is arranged between the longitudinal beams 31 and the supporting structure 2, and assembling holes for fixing the spare wheel frames 4 are formed in the lower sides of the longitudinal beams 31; the sensor assembly comprises a first sensor 11, a second sensor 12 and a third sensor 13, wherein the first sensor 11 is installed on the test bed 1 to detect the vibration acceleration of the test bed 1; a second sensor 12 is mounted on the frame structure 3 to detect a vibrational acceleration of the frame structure 3; the third sensor 13 is provided on the wheel carriage 4 to detect the vibration acceleration of the wheel carriage 4.
The test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier adopts the design form of a test bed 1, a support structure 2, a frame structure 3 and a sensor assembly, wherein the support structure 2 is fixed at the upper side of the test bed 1, the frame structure 3 is fixedly arranged on the support structure 2, two longitudinal beams 31 of the frame structure 3 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and a cross beam 32 is fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams 31; moreover, a reinforcing member is arranged between the longitudinal beam 31 and the support structure 2, the integrity of the frame structure 3 and the support structure 2 is improved through the reinforcing member, and the test bed 1 is ensured to effectively transmit vibration load to the spare wheel frame 4.
The lower side of the longitudinal beam 31 is provided with an assembling hole, the spare wheel frame 4 can be fixed on the lower side of the longitudinal beam 31 through a fastening bolt, the assembling mode is the same as the assembling position of the spare wheel frame in the actual vehicle state, and the vibration parameters of all parts of the testing device can be comprehensively detected by combining the first sensor 11 arranged on the test bed 1, the second sensor 12 arranged on the frame structure 3 and the third sensor 13 arranged on the spare wheel frame 4, so that the resonance condition of the frame structure and the spare wheel frame can be determined, and the durability of the spare wheel frame can be accurately simulated and detected.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional profile of the longitudinal beam 31 is U-shaped, the two longitudinal beams 31 are oppositely arranged in an opening, the longitudinal beam 31 includes an upper wing surface, a lower wing surface and a web, and the web is fixedly connected between the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface; the cross beam 32 is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the webs 310 of the two longitudinal beams, and the reinforcing members are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the webs 310 of the longitudinal beams and correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of the ends of the cross beam 32. The longitudinal beam 31 is made of steel with a U-shaped cross section, the structure of the longitudinal beam is the same as that of a real vehicle, the transverse beam 32 is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the webs 310 of the two longitudinal beams, and the reinforcing part is fixed to the outer sides of the webs 310 of the longitudinal beams and corresponds to the end part of the transverse beam 32, so that the overall performance and the connection reliability between the frame structure 3 and the supporting structure 2 are improved.
Correspondingly, the cross section profile of the cross beam 32 is U-shaped, the two cross beams 32 are oppositely arranged in an opening manner, and the structure of the cross beam 32 is the same as that of the longitudinal beam 31; an L-shaped connecting plate 34 is arranged between the web plate 310 of the longitudinal beam and the end part of the cross beam 32, the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting plate 34 is attached and fixed with the web plate 310 of the longitudinal beam, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting plate 34 is attached and fixed with the upper wing surface of the cross beam or the lower wing surface of the cross beam. Specifically, the opening width of the longitudinal beam 31 is slightly larger than that of the cross beam 32, and the distance between the upper wing surface 311 of the longitudinal beam and the lower wing surface 312 of the longitudinal beam is larger than the distance between the upper wing surface of the cross beam and the lower wing surface of the cross beam, that is, the cross beam 32 can be clamped inside the opening of the longitudinal beam 31, so that the longitudinal beam and the cross beam can be conveniently assembled and connected.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal beam 31 is a two-layer beam structure, and includes an inner beam portion and an outer beam portion, the inner beam portion is attached to the inner side of the outer beam portion, and the inner beam portion and the outer beam portion are riveted or bolted. The longitudinal beam 31 is designed by adopting a two-layer beam structure, the shape and the outline of the inner beam part are similar to those of the outer beam part, and the inner beam part and the outer beam part are fixedly connected through rivets or bolts, so that the vibration characteristic of the longitudinal beam of the frame structure is ensured to be closer to that of a real vehicle longitudinal beam. The reinforcing part is a right-angle channel profile 33, the vertical side surface of the right-angle channel profile 33 is fixedly attached to the web plate 310 of the longitudinal beam, and the horizontal bottom surface of the right-angle channel profile 33 is fixedly attached to the supporting structure 2.
Moreover, the supporting structure 2 comprises two door-shaped structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 31, each door-shaped structure comprises two upright posts 22 and an upper frame beam 21 fixed at the upper ends of the upright posts 22, and the cross beams of the frame structure 3 and the upper frame beam 21 are arranged up and down correspondingly; the lower part of the upright column 22 is provided with a bottom plate 23, a reinforced inclined strut 24 is fixedly connected between the upright column 22 and the bottom plate 23, the bottom plate 23 is provided with a fixing hole, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the fixing hole and a positioning hole of the test bed 1. The design of the support legs of the upright posts 22, the bottom plate 23 and the reinforcing inclined struts 24 is adopted, so that the firmness degree of the supporting structure 2 assembled on the test bed 1 is improved.
In addition, the test stand 1 is an 18T vibration test stand, and the test stand 1 is used for a frequency sweep test of the wheel stand 4 to detect the presence or absence of resonance of the wheel stand 4 and an endurance test of the wheel stand 4 to detect endurance performance of the wheel stand 4.
The test method using the test device for detecting the spare wheel rack comprises the following steps:
step one, sweep frequency test
The acceleration input to the spare wheel frame 4 by the frame structure is used as a control signal, and X, Y, Z frequency sweep tests in three directions are respectively carried out to search the resonance frequency in the three directions; specifically, an 18T vibration test bed is used for providing an excitation effect on the frame structure, and the acceleration input to the spare wheel frame 4 by the frame structure is used as a control signal, that is, the vibration acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal, so that the frequency sweep test in the three-dimensional direction is respectively carried out; preferably, the sweep frequency range is 5Hz to 50Hz, the sweep frequency displacement is 0.4mm, and the sweep frequency time is any size between 5min and 20 min.
Step two, confirming whether the frame structure meets the design requirements
Taking a Z-direction frequency sweep as an example, the first sensor 11 detects a vibration acceleration a1 of the test bed 1, the second sensor 12 is mounted on the lower wing surface 312 of the longitudinal beam and is close to the mounting position of the spare wheel carrier 4, the second sensor 12 detects a vibration acceleration a2 of the frame structure, the third sensor 13 is mounted on the spare wheel carrier 1, and the third sensor 13 detects a vibration acceleration a3 of the spare wheel carrier 4;
if the amplitude ratio
The frame structure is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the frame structure has no resonance, and the design requirements are met;
amplitude ratio
The spare wheel frame 4 is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the spare wheel frame has no resonance;
step three, endurance test
If the spare wheel frame 4 has resonance in the steps and the resonance frequencies are fx1, fy1 and fz1 respectively, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance endurance test scheme;
the test scheme of the resonance endurance test is as follows:
under the resonance frequency fx1, the frame structure applies 4.5g of vibration acceleration in the X direction to the spare wheel frame 4 (the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal), and the endurance test lasts for 0.5h to check whether the part has faults or not; if no fault exists, loading 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration (taking the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 as a control signal) on the spare wheel frame 4 by the lower frame structure at the fixed frequency of 33Hz, and carrying out an endurance test with the duration of 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fy1, the frame structure applies a vibration acceleration in the Y direction of 4.5g (the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal) to the spare wheel frame 4, and the endurance test lasts for 0.5h to check whether the part has a fault or not; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration (the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal) on the spare wheel frame 4, and the endurance test lasts for 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fz1, the frame structure applies a vibration acceleration in the Z direction of 7g (the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal) to the spare wheel frame 4, and an endurance test lasts for 1h to check whether the part has a fault or not; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads the auxiliary wheel frame 4 with the vibration acceleration in the Z direction of 7g (the acceleration detected by the second sensor 12 is used as a control signal), and the endurance test lasts for 3 h.
If the spare wheel carrier does not resonate in the steps, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance-free endurance test scheme;
the no resonance endurance test protocol is:
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame 4, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame 4, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 7g of Z-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame 4, and the duration is an endurance test of 4 h;
step four, determining the detection result
Through a frequency sweep test and an endurance test, if the tested spare wheel carrier 4 has no faults such as obvious deformation, cracking and the like, the spare wheel carrier 4 is judged to pass the test; otherwise, the standby rack 4 is judged to fail the test.
The specific embodiments of the test method for detecting a spare wheel rack of the present invention are the same as the specific embodiments of the test method using the test apparatus for detecting a spare wheel rack in the specific embodiments of the test apparatus for detecting a spare wheel rack of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test device for detecting a spare wheel carrier is characterized by comprising a test bed, a supporting structure, a frame structure and a sensor assembly, wherein the supporting structure is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the test bed;
the frame structure comprises two longitudinal beams and two cross beams, the two longitudinal beams are arranged in parallel at intervals, the cross beams are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal beams, the two cross beams are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams and distributed at intervals, a reinforcing part is arranged between the longitudinal beams and the supporting structure, and assembling holes for fixing spare wheel carriers are formed in the lower sides of the longitudinal beams;
the sensor assembly comprises a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor, wherein the first sensor is mounted on the test bed to detect the vibration acceleration of the test bed; the second sensor is mounted on the frame structure to detect the vibration acceleration of the frame structure; the third sensor is used for mounting on the spare wheel frame to detect the vibration acceleration of the spare wheel frame.
2. The test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional profile of the longitudinal beam is U-shaped, the two longitudinal beams are oppositely arranged in an opening manner, the longitudinal beam comprises an upper wing surface, a lower wing surface and a web plate, and the web plate is fixedly connected between the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface;
crossbeam fixed connection is in two the web of longeron is inboard, reinforcement fixed connection in the web outside of longeron, the reinforcement correspond set up in the tip outside of crossbeam.
3. The test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier according to claim 2, wherein the cross section of the cross beam is U-shaped, the two cross beams are oppositely arranged in an opening manner, and the structure of each cross beam is the same as that of each longitudinal beam;
the transverse beam is characterized in that an L-shaped connecting plate is arranged between the web of the longitudinal beam and the end part of the transverse beam, the vertical section of the L-shaped connecting plate is attached and fixed to the web of the longitudinal beam, and the horizontal section of the L-shaped connecting plate is attached and fixed to the upper wing surface of the transverse beam or the lower wing surface of the transverse beam.
4. The testing device for detecting the spare wheel carrier according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the longitudinal beam is of a two-layer beam structure and comprises an inner beam part and an outer beam part, the inner beam part is attached to the inner side of the outer beam part, and the inner beam part and the outer beam part are riveted or bolted.
5. The test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the supporting structure comprises two door-shaped structures, the two door-shaped structures are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the door-shaped structures comprise two upright columns and upper frame beams fixed at the upper ends of the upright columns, and the cross beams and the upper frame beams are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding manner;
the lower part of the upright post is provided with a bottom plate, a reinforced inclined strut is fixedly connected between the upright post and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a fixing hole, and a fixing bolt penetrates through the fixing hole and the positioning hole of the test bed.
6. The test device for detecting the spare wheel carrier according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reinforcing member is a right-angle channel section, the vertical side surface of the right-angle channel section is fixedly attached to the web plate of the longitudinal beam, and the horizontal bottom surface of the right-angle channel section is fixedly attached to the supporting structure.
7. The testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the testing stand is an 18T vibration testing stand, and the testing stand is used for performing a frequency sweep test on the spare wheel stand to detect the existence of resonance of the spare wheel stand and a durability test on the spare wheel stand to detect the durability of the spare wheel stand.
8. A test method using the test apparatus for testing a spare wheel stand according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, sweep frequency test
The method comprises the steps of taking the acceleration input to a spare wheel frame by a frame structure as a control signal, respectively carrying out X, Y, Z frequency sweep tests in three directions, and searching for resonance frequencies in the three directions;
step two, confirming whether the frame structure meets the design requirements
The first sensor detects the vibration acceleration a1 of the test bed, the second sensor detects the vibration acceleration a2 of the frame structure, and the third sensor detects the vibration acceleration a3 of the spare wheel frame;
if the amplitude ratio
The frame structure is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the frame structure has no resonance, and the design requirements are met;
amplitude ratio
The spare wheel frame is indicated to have resonance; otherwise, the spare wheel frame has no resonance;
step three, endurance test
If the spare wheel frame has resonance in the steps, and the resonance frequencies are fx1, fy1 and fz1 respectively, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance endurance test scheme;
if the spare wheel carrier does not resonate in the steps, carrying out an endurance test according to a resonance-free endurance test scheme;
step four, determining the detection result
Through a frequency sweep test and an endurance test, if the tested spare wheel carrier has no faults such as obvious deformation, cracking and the like, judging that the spare wheel carrier passes the test; otherwise, the spare wheel rack is judged to fail the test.
9. The test method for detecting the spare wheel carrier of claim 8, wherein in the third step, the resonance endurance test scheme is as follows:
under the resonance frequency fx1, loading 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration on a spare wheel frame by the frame structure, carrying out an endurance test with the duration of 0.5h, and checking whether a part has a fault or not; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fy1, the frame structure loads a Y-direction vibration acceleration of 4.5g to the spare wheel frame, the endurance test lasts for 0.5h, and whether the part has a fault is checked; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 1.5 h;
under the resonance frequency fz1, the frame structure loads a Z-direction vibration acceleration of 7g on the spare wheel frame, the endurance test lasts for 1h, and whether the part has a fault is checked; if no fault exists, under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 7g of Z-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 3 h.
10. The test method for spare wheel carrier detection according to claim 8, wherein in step three, the resonance-free endurance test protocol is:
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of X-direction vibration acceleration on the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads 4.5g of Y-direction vibration acceleration to the spare wheel frame, and the endurance test lasts for 2 h;
and under the fixed frequency of 33Hz, the frame structure loads a Z-direction vibration acceleration of 7g on the spare wheel frame, and the duration is 4 h.
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