CN114440727A - Vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method - Google Patents
Vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114440727A CN114440727A CN202210105590.9A CN202210105590A CN114440727A CN 114440727 A CN114440727 A CN 114440727A CN 202210105590 A CN202210105590 A CN 202210105590A CN 114440727 A CN114440727 A CN 114440727A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/20—Slide gauges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a clamping piece is arranged on the bottom plate, and the clamping piece is used for fixing the vernier caliper; the bottom plate is also provided with a guide rail, the guide rail is connected with an automatic zero calibration mechanism through a sliding block, the automatic zero calibration mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a first stepping motor is arranged on the fixed plate, an output shaft of the first stepping motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with a rack fixed on the bottom plate; the fixed plate is provided with an image acquisition module, and the image acquisition module is in communication connection with the image processing module; a stepping motor support is further arranged on the fixing plate, a second stepping motor is mounted on the stepping motor support, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with a cam; the invention has the advantages of high precision, simple structure, easy operation, intellectualization and the like, realizes automatic verification operation and improves zero calibration and verification efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vernier caliper calibration, in particular to a vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method.
Background
The vernier caliper is a measuring tool for measuring length, inner diameter, outer diameter and depth, mainly comprises a main ruler, a slidable vernier and two pairs of measuring jaws, and is mainly divided into a mechanical vernier caliper and a digital display vernier caliper. The method is widely applied to the fields of processing and manufacturing industry, installation of equipment such as metalworking, woodworking, hydropower and the like, measuring institutions, scientific research institutions and other industries. The detection precision of the vernier caliper directly influences the qualification rate of products in various industry fields, and has important influence on the economic benefit of enterprises, the processing and manufacturing precision, the installation precision and the scientific research level. The vernier caliper can be stably and accurately measured by zero calibration and verification, the smooth development of measurement work in various industrial fields is ensured, the level of products and scientific research is strictly ensured in measurement, meanwhile, the efficiency and the precision of verification work can be improved by realizing automatic verification, and a large amount of time, labor, material resources and other costs are saved.
Therefore, a good vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method are very important in practical application, and in order to design a good vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method, accurate control and intelligent identification of vernier caliper zero calibration and calibration are a difficult and very important research design, and in order to better realize vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration, people are constantly dedicated to research and design of the vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method.
The prior vernier caliper zero calibration and calibration device and method mainly comprise a scalar block manual detection method, a semi-automatic calibration device and method and the like, and have the defects of low precision, low efficiency, complex structure, difficult operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device and method which have the advantages of high precision, simple structure, easy operation, intellectualization and the like, can automatically calibrate operation and improve zero calibration and calibration efficiency.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device which comprises a bottom plate, wherein a clamping piece is arranged on the bottom plate and used for fixing the vernier caliper; the bottom plate is also provided with a guide rail, the guide rail is connected with an automatic zero calibration mechanism through a sliding block, the automatic zero calibration mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a first stepping motor is arranged on the fixed plate, an output shaft of the first stepping motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with a rack fixed on the bottom plate; the fixed plate is provided with an image acquisition module, and the image acquisition module is in communication connection with the image processing module; the fixed plate is further provided with a stepping motor support, a second stepping motor is mounted on the stepping motor support, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with a cam.
Preferably, the clamping member includes a first butterfly clamp and a second butterfly clamp, and the first butterfly clamp and the second butterfly clamp are respectively fixed on the bottom plate along the extending direction of the guide rail.
Preferably, the rack is disposed along an extending direction of the guide rail.
Preferably, a third butterfly clamp is fixed to the fixing plate.
As an optimized technical scheme, a light supplement lamp is further installed on the fixing plate and is close to the image acquisition module.
As a preferred technical scheme, the image acquisition module comprises a camera, and the lower computer software and hardware controls the camera to acquire images, acquire image data and store the image data in the SD card.
As a preferred technical scheme, the image processing module is in communication connection with the upper computer through a wireless transmission module or a serial port module.
As a preferred technical solution, the processing procedure of the image processing module is as follows: acquiring an image of the vernier caliper through an image acquisition module; preprocessing the image and then identifying the scale number pattern; if the digital display type vernier caliper is adopted, the maximum information entropy image is segmented, then the image is inverted, the number is identified according to the established number database, and the numerical value of the vernier caliper is output; if the scale type vernier caliper is used, wavelet convolution processing, image segmentation and image inversion are carried out, then scale value alignment optimal identification algorithm processing is carried out, scale degree is identified, and the numerical value of the vernier caliper is output.
As a preferred technical scheme, two ends of the guide rail are provided with limit switches.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, a vernier caliper to be tested is placed on any one of the vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration devices and fixed on the clamping piece;
step two, the device is powered on and started, and the first stepping motor rotates to drive the automatic zero calibration mechanism to slide on the sliding rail;
step three, when the two catches of the vernier caliper are tightly combined, the image acquisition module transmits the shot vernier caliper vernier image to the image processing module, the image processing module processes the image so as to read the numerical value D1 of the vernier caliper, and judges whether D1 is zero? If D1 is zero, then the operator is prompted to enter a certification measurement size L; if D1 is not zero, then determine if D1 is a digital display value? If the digital display numerical value is obtained, the vernier caliper is a digital display type vernier caliper, the second stepping motor is controlled to rotate so as to drive the cam to rotate, the cam rotates so as to press a zero calibration key of the vernier caliper, and then the cam is controlled to reset so as to remind an operator to input a calibration measurement size L; if the numerical value is not a digital display numerical value, the vernier caliper is a scale type vernier caliper, an operator is reminded of manually correcting zero, and a system reset program is entered after the vernier caliper manually corrects zero;
step four, after the operator inputs the verification measurement size L, the first stepping motor continues to rotate to enable the vernier to slide L and move, the image acquisition module shoots an image of the vernier caliper vernier and transmits the image to the image processing module, the image processing module processes the image so as to read the numerical value D2 of the vernier caliper, and then whether L is equal to D2 is judged? If the two are equal, the verification is qualified; if not, the verification is not qualified; then determine to the operator whether to verify again? If the verification is needed again, returning to the system resetting program; and if the secondary verification is not needed, outputting a verification result, finally entering a system standby state, and finishing the zero calibration and the automatic verification of the vernier caliper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the vernier caliper is fixed through the fixture mechanism, and the numerical value image acquisition of the mechanical vernier caliper is realized through the image acquisition module; the digital display vernier caliper has the advantages of high precision, simple structure, easy operation, intellectualization and the like, greatly saves manpower in practical application, realizes automatic verification operation, and improves the efficiency of zero calibration and verification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a state diagram of the use of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the auto zero mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control system hardware circuitry of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of image processing in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a software control flow chart of the lower computer in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the embodiment provides a vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device, which includes a bottom plate 11, a guide rail 110 is further disposed on the bottom plate 11, and the guide rail 110 is connected to an automatic zero calibration mechanism 3 through a slider 112; in addition, a clamping piece is arranged on the bottom plate 11 and used for fixing the vernier caliper 2; in the present embodiment, the clamping member comprises a first butterfly clamp 12 and a second butterfly clamp 16, and the first butterfly clamp 12 and the second butterfly clamp 16 are respectively fixed on the bottom plate 11 by a butterfly clamp support 18 and a butterfly clamp support 19 along the extending direction of the guide rail 110. The first butterfly clamp 12 and the second butterfly clamp 16 are respectively used for clamping two ends of the vernier caliper 2.
Further, the automatic zero calibration mechanism 3 comprises a fixing plate 113, a first stepping motor 15 is arranged on the fixing plate 113, an output shaft through which the first stepping motor 15 passes is connected with a gear 35, the gear 35 is meshed with a rack 17, and the rack 17 is fixed on the bottom plate 11 through a rack support 111. In the present embodiment, the rack 17 is provided along the extending direction of the guide rail 110.
In addition, a bracket 14 is arranged on the fixing plate 113, an image acquisition module 13 is fixed on the bracket 14, and the image acquisition module 13 is in communication connection with an upper computer through a wireless transmission module or a serial port module; a stepping motor support 32 is further arranged on the fixing plate 113, a second stepping motor 34 is mounted on the stepping motor support 32, and a cam 33 is connected to an output shaft of the second stepping motor 34.
Further, a third butterfly clamp 114 is fixed on the fixing plate 113. The third butterfly clamp 114 is used for clamping the vernier of the vernier caliper 2.
In addition, a light supplement lamp 31 is further installed on the fixing plate 113, and the light supplement lamp 31 is disposed close to the image capturing module 13.
In the present embodiment, both ends of the guide rail 110 are provided with limit switches 18.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the image processing module includes an MCU processor main control module, a wireless module, a serial port module, a camera module, an SD card storage module, a limit travel switch module, a step motor driver module, a step motor, an LCD display module, a control button module, a buzzer module, an infrared remote control module, and a system power supply module. The buzzer is used for reminding a user of operation and device operation condition prompt, and the LCD screen can real-timely realize the operation condition of the device; the infrared remote control can control the operation of the device such as running, starting, pausing, continuing, stopping and the like in real time; MCU and host computer PC are superior to have two kinds of communication modes of wireless and serial ports, and the user can select according to the demand, and the slide caliper rule scale image photo that the camera was shot can be deposited in the SD card, and wireless or serial port communication mode is sent to the PC again and is carried out data processing, also can carry out data processing through data line direct upload to the PC. As shown in fig. 5, the image processing flow chart is that the PC-side image data processing performs perspective transformation on an image obtained first, and then performs scale type recognition after image preprocessing such as graying, denoising, filtering and the like; if the number is the digital display type vernier caliper 2, performing maximum information entropy image segmentation, then inverting the image, identifying the number according to the established digital database, and outputting the numerical value of the vernier caliper 2; if the scale type vernier caliper 2 is adopted, wavelet convolution processing, image segmentation and image inversion are carried out, then scale value alignment optimal identification algorithm processing is carried out, and the scale degree is identified and then the numerical value of the vernier caliper 2 is output.
Referring to fig. 6, the method for using the vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device in this embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the vernier caliper 2 to be tested is placed on the vernier caliper 2 zero calibration and automatic calibration device described in the above embodiment, the first butterfly clamp 13 fixes one end of the main ruler measuring jaw of the vernier caliper 2, the second butterfly clamp 16 fixes the other end of the vernier caliper 2, the third butterfly clamp 114 clamps the vernier caliper of the vernier caliper 2, the vernier caliper slides along with the motion of the power and motion mechanism for measurement, the limit switch on the left side prevents the power and motion structure from sliding out of the left end preset safety position, and the limit switch 18 on the right side prevents the power and motion structure from sliding out of the right end preset safety position.
And step two, the device is powered on and started, the system is initialized and then reset, an operator inputs a calibration instruction through a control key, an infrared remote controller and PC computer end software, then the MCU processor of the lower computer controls the first stepping motor 15 to rotate through the first stepping motor driver, and the gear 35 which is matched and connected with the shaft of the first stepping motor 15 is meshed with the rack 17 for transmission, so that the automatic zero calibration structure and the power and motion structure are driven to slide on the sliding rail 110 through the sliding block 112.
Step three, when the two grabs of the vernier caliper 2 are tightly combined by movement, the image acquisition module 13 transfers the shot numerical value D1 of the vernier caliper 2 into the SD card, sends the numerical value D1 to the PC terminal according to the wireless or serial communication mode selected by the operator, performs image processing in the image processing of the PC terminal to read the numerical value D1 of the vernier caliper 2, and determines whether D1 is zero? If D1 is zero, then the operator is prompted to enter a certification measurement size L; if D1 is not zero, then determine if D1 is a digital display value? If the digital display value is the digital display value, the vernier caliper 2 is the digital display vernier caliper 2, the lower computer MCU processor controls the second stepping motor 34 to rotate through the second stepping motor driver, so that the cam 33 rotates to press a zero calibration key of the vernier caliper 2, and then the cam 33 is controlled to reset to remind an operator to input a calibration measurement size L; if the numerical value is not the digital display numerical value, the vernier caliper 2 is a scale type vernier caliper 2, an operator is reminded of manually correcting zero, and a system reset program is entered after the vernier caliper 2 is manually corrected zero.
Step four, after the operator inputs the verification measurement size L, the MCU processor controls the first stepping motor 15 to continue rotating through the first stepping motor driver, the power and the motion structure enable the vernier to slide L to move, the image acquisition module 13 shoots the numerical value D2 of the vernier caliper 2 and stores the numerical value D2 into the SD card, the numerical value D2 is sent to the PC end according to the wireless or serial communication mode selected by the operator, and the image processing is carried out in the image processing of the PC end to read the numerical value D2 of the vernier caliper 2; and then determine if L is equal to D2? If the two are equal, the verification is qualified; if not, the verification is not qualified; then determine to the operator whether to verify again? If the verification is needed again, returning to the system resetting program; if the verification is not needed again, the verification result is output at the LCD display module and the PC end, finally the system is in standby, and the zero calibration and the automatic verification of the vernier caliper 2 are finished.
The vernier caliper is fixed through the fixture mechanism, and the numerical value image acquisition of the mechanical vernier caliper is realized through the image acquisition module; the digital display vernier caliper has the advantages of high precision, simple structure, easy operation, intellectualization and the like, greatly saves manpower in practical application, realizes automatic verification operation, and improves the efficiency of zero calibration and verification.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for zero calibration and automatic calibration of the vernier caliper is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, wherein a clamping piece is arranged on the bottom plate and used for fixing the vernier caliper; the bottom plate is also provided with a guide rail, the guide rail is connected with an automatic zero calibration mechanism through a sliding block, the automatic zero calibration mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a first stepping motor is arranged on the fixed plate, an output shaft of the first stepping motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with a rack fixed on the bottom plate; the fixed plate is provided with an image acquisition module, and the image acquisition module is in communication connection with the image processing module; still be provided with the step motor support on the fixed plate, install second step motor on the step motor support, the output shaft of second step motor is connected with the cam.
2. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping piece comprises a first butterfly clamp and a second butterfly clamp, and the first butterfly clamp and the second butterfly clamp are respectively fixed on the bottom plate along the extending direction of the guide rail.
3. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: the rack is arranged along the extending direction of the guide rail.
4. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: and a third butterfly clamp is fixed on the fixing plate.
5. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: still install the light filling lamp on the fixed plate, the light filling lamp is close to the image acquisition module sets up.
6. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the image acquisition module comprises a camera, the lower computer software and hardware controls the camera to acquire images, and acquired image data are stored in the SD card.
7. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 6, wherein: the image processing module is in communication connection with the upper computer through a wireless transmission module or a serial port module.
8. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: the processing procedure of the image processing module is as follows:
acquiring an image of the vernier caliper through an image acquisition module;
preprocessing the image and then identifying the scale number pattern;
if the digital display type vernier caliper is adopted, the maximum information entropy image is segmented, then the image is inverted, the number is identified according to the established number database, and the numerical value of the vernier caliper is output; if the scale type vernier caliper is used, wavelet convolution processing, image segmentation and image inversion are carried out, then scale value alignment optimal identification algorithm processing is carried out, scale degree is identified, and the numerical value of the vernier caliper is output.
9. The vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein: and two ends of the guide rail are provided with limit switches.
10. A vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a vernier caliper to be tested on the vernier caliper zero calibration and automatic calibration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and fixing the vernier caliper on the clamping piece;
step two, the device is powered on and started, and the first stepping motor rotates to drive the automatic zero calibration mechanism to slide on the sliding rail;
step three, when the two catches of the vernier caliper are tightly combined, the image acquisition module transmits the shot vernier caliper vernier image to the image processing module, the image processing module processes the image so as to read the numerical value D1 of the vernier caliper, and judges whether D1 is zero? If D1 is zero, then the operator is prompted to enter a certification measurement size L; if D1 is not zero, then determine if D1 is a digital display value? If the digital display numerical value is obtained, the vernier caliper is a digital display type vernier caliper, the second stepping motor is controlled to rotate so as to drive the cam to rotate, the cam rotates so as to press a zero calibration key of the vernier caliper, and then the cam is controlled to reset so as to remind an operator to input a calibration measurement size L; if the numerical value is not a digital display numerical value, the vernier caliper is a scale type vernier caliper, an operator is reminded of manually correcting zero, and a system reset program is entered after the vernier caliper manually corrects zero;
step four, after the operator inputs the verification measurement size L, the first stepping motor continues to rotate to enable the vernier to slide L and move, the image acquisition module shoots an image of the vernier caliper vernier and transmits the image to the image processing module, the image processing module processes the image so as to read the numerical value D2 of the vernier caliper, and then whether L is equal to D2 is judged? If the two are equal, the verification is qualified; if not, the verification is not qualified; then determine to the operator whether to verify again? If the verification is needed again, returning to the system resetting program; and if the secondary verification is not needed, outputting a verification result, finally entering a system standby state, and finishing the zero calibration and the automatic verification of the vernier caliper.
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