CN114440203B - Self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114440203B CN114440203B CN202111560523.8A CN202111560523A CN114440203B CN 114440203 B CN114440203 B CN 114440203B CN 202111560523 A CN202111560523 A CN 202111560523A CN 114440203 B CN114440203 B CN 114440203B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B3/00—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F22B3/04—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system and a working method thereof, wherein the system comprises an overlapping heat pump system and a water system, wherein the water system comprises water pretreatment equipment, a first water pump, a second water pump, a condenser and a flash evaporator; the cascade heat pump system comprises a low-temperature-stage circulating system and a high-temperature-stage circulating system. The working method of the system is that the cascade heat pump absorbs the heat of the ambient air, the high-temperature-level condenser heats water, the quantity of the running water pumps is adjusted to adjust the pressure of the water entering the condenser, and the pressure reducing valve is combined with the working or not and the pressure adjustment in the flash evaporator to realize hot water preparation or steam preparation. The invention utilizes the heat pump energy-saving technology, can simultaneously realize the functions of a heat pump water heater and steam of an industrial boiler, can recover the heat of steam condensation water, and can complete steam preparation only by recovering waste heat of waste water without operating a low-temperature-level air source heat pump in the field of waste water application with proper temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature steam and hot water production and heat recovery, in particular to a self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system and a working method thereof.
Background
The energy consumption of China is large, but the problem of energy shortage restricts the further development of the industry of China, particularly the chemical industry, the biological equipment industry, the packaging industry and the like, and high-temperature steam and high-temperature hot water are the necessities of manufacturing production in the above industries, so that a large amount of energy is consumed to produce the high-temperature steam each year.
The existing method for producing high-temperature steam mainly adopts a boiler, and a large amount of coal is consumed for producing the high-temperature steam and the high-temperature hot water by the boiler, so that the cost is high, carbon dioxide is also produced, and the method is contrary to the aim of 'double carbon' advocated by China; the electric heating is adopted, the heat supply instability problem is caused by different power of the electric heating, and the consumption of electric energy is huge due to the long-time adoption of the electric heating, so that the energy-saving requirement is not facilitated. The traditional high-temperature steam production method has the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of high temperature steam production by waste heat recovery technology is currently the most common and effective energy-saving method.
The compression heat pump adopting the refrigerant is a heat recovery energy-saving technology for heat supply, and along with the development of high-temperature refrigerant, the condensation temperature of more than 100 ℃ is not limited by the compression heat pump technology. Based on the analysis, the heat pump energy-saving technology is utilized, a heat pump hot water and steam preparation system capable of simultaneously realizing the functions of a heat pump water heater and steam of an industrial boiler is provided, heat of high-temperature condensed water after steam use is recovered through reasonable design, and in the field of wastewater application with proper temperature, a low-temperature-level air source heat pump can be not operated, steam preparation can be completed only by recovering waste heat of wastewater, and then high-energy-efficiency operation of the system is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects of the prior art and provide a self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system and a working method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system comprises a water system and an overlapping heat pump system, wherein the water system comprises a water pretreatment device 1, a first water pump 2, a second water pump 3, a condenser 4 and a flash evaporator 5; the cascade heat pump system comprises a low-temperature-stage circulation system and a high-temperature-stage circulation system, wherein the low-temperature-stage circulation system comprises a first compressor 9, a condensation evaporator 7, a first throttle valve 28 and a first evaporator 10; the high-temperature-stage circulating system comprises a second compressor 6, a condenser 4, a second throttle valve 25, a condensing evaporator 7 and a second evaporator 8;
in the water system, an outlet of water pretreatment equipment 1 is connected with an inlet of a first water pump 2 through a pipeline, the outlet of the first water pump 2 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a second water pump 3 through a first valve 11, the other path is connected with an outlet of the second water pump 3 through a pipeline together through a second valve 12 and an inlet a1 at the upper part of a condenser 4, the outlet a2 at the upper part of the condenser 4 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a pressure reducing valve 14 through a third valve 13, the other path is connected with an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 14 through a pipeline together through a fourth valve 15 and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 14 to an inlet g4 of a flash evaporator 5, the lower outlet g3 of the flash evaporator 5 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet pipeline of the second water pump 3 through a fifth valve 20, the other path is connected with a sixth valve 21, the outlet g1 at the upper part of the flash evaporator 5 is connected with a seventh valve 16, and the outlet g2 is sequentially connected with a using equipment 29 through an eighth valve 17 and a first regulating valve 18; the condensed water after the steam is subjected to heat release condensation by the using device 29 is connected to an inlet d1 of the second evaporator 8 through a ninth valve 31 and a second regulating valve 30, and an outlet d2 of the second evaporator 8 is connected back to the water pretreatment device 1 through a pipeline;
in the low-temperature-stage circulating system, the outlet of the first compressor 9 is connected to the lower inlet f1 of the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline, the lower outlet f2 of the condensation evaporator 7 is connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 28, the outlet of the first throttle valve 28 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator 10, and the outlet of the first evaporator 10 is connected to the inlet of the first compressor 9 through a pipeline;
in the high-temperature-stage circulating system, the outlet of the second compressor 6 is connected to the inlet b1 at the lower part of the condenser 4 through a pipeline, one path of the outlet b2 at the lower part of the condenser 4 is connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 25 through a tenth valve 24, the other path of the outlet b2 at the lower part of the condenser 4 is connected to the inlet c1 at the upper part of the second evaporator 8 through an eleventh valve 22 and a third throttle valve 23, the outlet of the second throttle valve 25 is connected to the inlet e1 at the upper part of the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline, and the outlet e2 at the upper part of the condensation evaporator 7 and the outlet c2 at the lower part of the second evaporator 8 are connected to the inlet of the second compressor 6 through a second one-way valve 27 together through a first one-way valve 26.
Further preferably, the flash evaporator 5 is provided with a pressure controller 19, and a signal of the pressure controller 19 is connected to the first regulating valve 18 through a wire.
It is further preferable that a temperature controller 32 is disposed on the outlet c2 of the second evaporator 8, and the signal of the temperature controller 32 is connected to the second regulating valve 30 through a wire.
Further preferably, the first evaporator 10 is an air source heat pump evaporator exchanging heat with ambient air, the condenser 4 is a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, evaporation does not occur on the water side, and the second water pump 3 is a high-temperature-resistant high-lift pump;
it is further preferred that the water pretreatment apparatus 1 is used for filtering out solid impurities in makeup water and softening the water to avoid or reduce scaling of high temperature water in the condenser 4.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts another technical scheme that:
the working method of the self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system is divided into two working methods of hot water preparation and steam preparation, and the specific contents and steps are as follows:
1. hot water preparation:
opening the second valve 12, the fourth valve 15, the seventh valve 16 and the tenth valve 24, closing the first valve 11, the third valve 13, the eighth valve 17 and the eleventh valve 22, and simultaneously, opening the first water pump 2, the first compressor 9 and the second compressor 6; the low-temperature-level refrigerant is firstly sucked and compressed by the first compressor 9 to become high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam, then enters the condensing evaporator 7 to release heat and condense, the liquefied liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttle valve 28, and finally the liquefied liquid refrigerant is sucked and compressed by the first compressor 9 after absorbing the heat of the air by the first evaporator 10 and being changed back into refrigerant steam again; in the high-temperature-stage circulation, the high-temperature-stage refrigerant liquid absorbs the condensation heat of the low-temperature-stage refrigerant in the condensation evaporator 7, is vaporized into vapor, is sucked and compressed by the second compressor 6, is discharged from the outlet of the second compressor 6, enters the condenser 4 to release heat and give working medium water to become liquid-state refrigerant, and then enters the condensation evaporator 7 to absorb heat and evaporate after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 25.
Working medium water firstly passes through the water pretreatment equipment 1, then flows out and is pumped into the condenser 4 by the first water pump 2 through the second valve 12 to absorb heat from the high-temperature heat pump circulation system, high-temperature water from the condenser 4 passes through the fourth valve 15 and then enters the flash evaporator 5, at the moment, the seventh valve 16 above the flash evaporator 5 is communicated with the atmosphere, the hot water does not flash in the flash evaporator 5, and after the liquid level in the flash evaporator 5 reaches a set height, the sixth valve 21 supplies high-temperature hot water to the outside.
2. Steam preparation:
when the steam temperature in the system preparation is lower than 100 ℃, the seventh valve 16 is required to be opened firstly, other valves are closed, the seventh valve 16 is externally connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the flash evaporator 5, and the seventh valve 16 is closed after the vacuum reaches the requirement;
during normal operation, the first valve 11, the third valve 13, the eleventh valve 22, the tenth valve 24, the ninth valve 31, the eighth valve 17 and the fifth valve 20 are opened, the other valves are closed, and simultaneously, the first water pump 2, the second water pump 3, the first compressor 9 and the second compressor 6 are started; the water of the water pretreatment equipment 1 is initially raised in lift by the first water pump 2 and then enters the second water pump 3 through the first valve 11, the pressure is raised by the second water pump 3 to be not lower than the saturated water pressure corresponding to the temperature of the condenser 4, then the water enters the condenser 4 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature heat pump refrigerant and becomes high-temperature water, then the high-temperature water enters the flash evaporator 5 through the third valve 13 and the pressure reducing valve 14 in sequence to be subjected to flash evaporation treatment to obtain high-temperature steam, the obtained high-temperature steam is conveyed to the using equipment 29 through the eighth valve 17 and the first regulating valve 18 to be subjected to exothermic condensation, and the high-temperature condensed water enters the second evaporator 8 through the ninth valve 31 and the second regulating valve 30 to be subjected to exothermic cooling and then returns to the lower inlet of the water pretreatment equipment 1; the water not evaporated in the flash evaporator 5 is continuously heated together with the makeup water at the outlet of the first water pump 2 through the fifth valve 20 and flashed to generate steam;
the cascade heat pump circulation process main body is consistent with the hot water preparation process, the difference is that the refrigerant liquid at the outlet of the condenser 4 is throttled and depressurized by an eleventh valve 22 and a third throttle valve 23 to enter the second evaporator 8, the heat of condensed water is absorbed and evaporated, the self-heating recovery of the system is realized, and the refrigerant gas generated by evaporation enters the second compressor 6 together with the refrigerant gas flowing out from the outlet of the condensing evaporator 7 through a first one-way valve 26;
when there is a large amount of wastewater with the temperature similar to that of the condensed water in the system operation place, the wastewater can enter the second evaporation generator 8 together with the condensed water, and at the moment, the low-temperature-stage circulation system of the cascade heat pump system can be closed, and meanwhile, the tenth valve 24 is closed.
Further preferably, the first regulating valve 18 is controlled by the pressure of the pressure controller 19, and the opening of the first regulating valve 18 is in direct proportion to the pressure in the flash evaporator 5.
Further preferably, the second regulating valve 30 is controlled by the temperature of the temperature controller 32, and the opening degree of the second regulating valve 30 is inversely proportional to the temperature at the outlet c2 of the second evaporator 8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the pressure of water entering the condenser is regulated by regulating the number of the running water pumps, and different running modes of hot water preparation or steam preparation can be realized by combining the working condition of the pressure reducing valve and the regulation of the pressure in the flash evaporator. The system has more complete functions, can prepare high-temperature hot water and can replace a boiler to generate high-temperature steam. In the steam preparation mode, the second evaporator of the high-temperature-stage heat pump cycle can recycle the self-heating recovery of the heat of the steam condensate, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved. By regulating the pressure in the flash evaporator, different steam supply temperatures and pressures can be provided, and the application range is wider. In the application field of the wastewater with proper temperature, the low-temperature-level air source heat pump can be not operated, and the steam preparation can be completed only by recovering the waste heat of the wastewater, so that the method has good industrial application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 is a water pretreatment apparatus, 2 is a first water pump, 3 is a second water pump, 4 is a condenser, 5 is a flash evaporator, 6 is a second compressor, 7 is a condensing evaporator, 8 is a second evaporator, 9 is a first compressor, 10 is a first evaporator, 11 is a first valve, 12 is a second valve, 13 is a second water pump, 14 is a pressure reducing valve, 15 is a fourth valve, 16 is a seventh valve, 18 is a first regulating valve, 19 is a pressure controller, 20 is a fifth valve, 21 is a sixth valve, 22 is an eleven valve, 23 is a third throttle valve, 24 is a tenth valve, 25 is a second throttle valve, 26 is a first check valve, 27 is a second check valve, 28 is a first throttle valve, 29 is a steam use apparatus, 30 is a second regulating valve, 31 is a ninth valve, 32 is a temperature controller.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system comprises a water system and an overlapping heat pump system, wherein the water system comprises water pretreatment equipment 1, a first water pump 2, a second water pump 3, a condenser 4 and a flash evaporator 5; the cascade heat pump system comprises a low-temperature-stage circulation system and a high-temperature-stage circulation system, wherein the low-temperature-stage circulation system comprises a first compressor 9, a condensation evaporator 7, a first throttle valve 28 and a first evaporator 10; the high-temperature-stage circulating system comprises a second compressor 6, a condenser 4, a second throttle valve 25, a condensing evaporator 7 and a second evaporator 8;
in the water system, an outlet of water pretreatment equipment 1 is connected with an inlet of a first water pump 2 through a pipeline, the outlet of the first water pump 2 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a second water pump 3 through a first valve 11, the other path is connected with an outlet of the second water pump 3 through a pipeline together through a second valve 12 and an inlet a1 at the upper part of a condenser 4, the outlet a2 at the upper part of the condenser 4 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a pressure reducing valve 14 through a third valve 13, the other path is connected with an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 14 through a pipeline together through a fourth valve 15 and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve 14 to an inlet g4 of a flash evaporator 5, the lower outlet g3 of the flash evaporator 5 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet pipeline of the second water pump 3 through a fifth valve 20, the other path is connected with a sixth valve 21, the outlet g1 at the upper part of the flash evaporator 5 is connected with a seventh valve 16, and the outlet g2 is sequentially connected with a using equipment 29 through an eighth valve 17 and a first regulating valve 18; the condensed water after the steam is subjected to heat release condensation by the using device 29 is connected to an inlet d1 of the second evaporator 8 through a ninth valve 31 and a second regulating valve 30, and an outlet d2 of the second evaporator 8 is connected back to the water pretreatment device 1 through a pipeline;
in the low-temperature-stage circulating system, the outlet of the first compressor 9 is connected to the lower inlet f1 of the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline, the lower outlet f2 of the condensation evaporator 7 is connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 28, the outlet of the first throttle valve 28 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporator 10, and the outlet of the first evaporator 10 is connected to the inlet of the first compressor 9 through a pipeline;
in the high-temperature-stage circulating system, the outlet of the second compressor 6 is connected to the inlet b1 at the lower part of the condenser 4 through a pipeline, one path of the outlet b2 at the lower part of the condenser 4 is connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 25 through a tenth valve 24, the other path of the outlet b2 at the lower part of the condenser 4 is connected to the inlet c1 at the upper part of the second evaporator 8 through an eleventh valve 22 and a third throttle valve 23, the outlet of the second throttle valve 25 is connected to the inlet e1 at the upper part of the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline, and the outlet e2 at the upper part of the condensation evaporator 7 and the outlet c2 at the lower part of the second evaporator 8 are connected to the inlet of the second compressor 6 through a second one-way valve 27 together through a first one-way valve 26.
The flash evaporator 5 is provided with a pressure controller 19, and a signal of the pressure controller 19 is connected to a first regulating valve 18 through a wire.
The outlet c2 of the second evaporator 8 is provided with a temperature controller 32, and the signal of the temperature controller 32 is connected with the second regulating valve 30 through a wire.
The first evaporator 10 is an air source heat pump evaporator exchanging heat with ambient air, the condenser 4 is a plate heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which does not evaporate on the water side, and the second water pump 3 is a high-temperature-resistant high-lift pump;
the water pretreatment device 1 is used for filtering out solid impurities in the makeup water, and softening the water to avoid or reduce the scaling of the high-temperature water in the condenser 4.
The invention relates to a working method of a self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system, which is divided into two working methods of hot water preparation and steam preparation, and comprises the following specific contents and steps:
1. hot water preparation:
opening the second valve 12, the fourth valve 15, the seventh valve 16 and the tenth valve 24, closing the first valve 11, the third valve 13, the eighth valve 17 and the eleventh valve 22, and simultaneously, opening the first water pump 2, the first compressor 9 and the second compressor 6; the low-temperature-level refrigerant is firstly sucked and compressed by the first compressor 9 to become high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam, then enters the condensing evaporator 7 to release heat and condense, the liquefied liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttle valve 28, and finally the liquefied liquid refrigerant is sucked and compressed by the first compressor 9 after absorbing the heat of the air by the first evaporator 10 and being changed back into refrigerant steam again; in the high-temperature-stage circulation, the high-temperature-stage refrigerant liquid absorbs the condensation heat of the low-temperature-stage refrigerant in the condensation evaporator 7, is vaporized into vapor, is sucked and compressed by the second compressor 6, is discharged from the outlet of the second compressor 6, enters the condenser 4 to release heat and give working medium water to become liquid-state refrigerant, and then enters the condensation evaporator 7 to absorb heat and evaporate after being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 25.
Working medium water firstly passes through the water pretreatment equipment 1, then flows out and is pumped into the condenser 4 by the first water pump 2 through the second valve 12 to absorb heat from the high-temperature heat pump circulation system, high-temperature water from the condenser 4 passes through the fourth valve 15 and then enters the flash evaporator 5, at the moment, the seventh valve 16 above the flash evaporator 5 is communicated with the atmosphere, the hot water does not flash in the flash evaporator 5, and after the liquid level in the flash evaporator 5 reaches a set height, the sixth valve 21 supplies high-temperature hot water to the outside.
2. Steam preparation:
when the steam temperature in the system preparation is lower than 100 ℃, the seventh valve 16 is required to be opened firstly, other valves are closed, the seventh valve 16 is externally connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the flash evaporator 5, and the seventh valve 16 is closed after the vacuum reaches the requirement;
during normal operation, the first valve 11, the third valve 13, the eleventh valve 22, the tenth valve 24, the ninth valve 31, the eighth valve 17 and the fifth valve 20 are opened, the other valves are closed, and simultaneously, the first water pump 2, the second water pump 3, the first compressor 9 and the second compressor 6 are started; the water of the water pretreatment equipment 1 is initially raised in lift by the first water pump 2 and then enters the second water pump 3 through the first valve 11, the pressure is raised by the second water pump 3 to be not lower than the saturated water pressure corresponding to the temperature of the condenser 4, then the water enters the condenser 4 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature heat pump refrigerant and becomes high-temperature water, then the high-temperature water enters the flash evaporator 5 through the third valve 13 and the pressure reducing valve 14 in sequence to be subjected to flash evaporation treatment to obtain high-temperature steam, the obtained high-temperature steam is conveyed to the using equipment 29 through the eighth valve 17 and the first regulating valve 18 to be subjected to exothermic condensation, and the high-temperature condensed water enters the second evaporator 8 through the ninth valve 31 and the second regulating valve 30 to be subjected to exothermic cooling and then returns to the lower inlet of the water pretreatment equipment 1; the water not evaporated in the flash evaporator 5 is continuously heated together with the makeup water at the outlet of the first water pump 2 through the fifth valve 20 and flashed to generate steam;
the cascade heat pump circulation process main body is consistent with the hot water preparation process, the difference is that the refrigerant liquid at the outlet of the condenser 4 is throttled and depressurized by an eleventh valve 22 and a third throttle valve 23 to enter the second evaporator 8, the heat of condensed water is absorbed and evaporated, the self-heating recovery of the system is realized, and the refrigerant gas generated by evaporation enters the second compressor 6 together with the refrigerant gas flowing out from the outlet of the condensing evaporator 7 through a first one-way valve 26;
when there is a large amount of wastewater with the temperature similar to that of the condensed water in the system operation place, the wastewater can enter the second evaporation generator 8 together with the condensed water, and at the moment, the low-temperature-stage circulation system of the cascade heat pump system can be closed, and meanwhile, the tenth valve 24 is closed.
The first regulating valve 18 is controlled by the pressure of the pressure controller 19, the opening of the first regulating valve 18 is in a proportional relation with the pressure in the flash evaporator 5, when the pressure in the flash evaporator 5 is too high, the flash evaporator 5 needs to release a certain pressure to ensure the temperature and the flow of the flash steam, and at the moment, the opening of the first regulating valve 18 needs to be increased to increase the flow of the high-temperature steam to release the pressure of the flash evaporator 5.
The second regulating valve 30 is controlled by the temperature of the temperature controller 32, the opening of the second regulating valve 30 is inversely proportional to the temperature at the outlet c2 of the second evaporator 8, when the temperature at the outlet c2 of the second evaporator 8 is lower, it indicates that the condensate flow is insufficient, so that the high-temperature circulating refrigerant cannot reach the set temperature condition after absorbing heat, and at this time, the opening of the second regulating valve needs to be increased, and the heat exchange amount of the second evaporator 8 needs to be increased.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system is characterized by comprising a water system and an overlapping heat pump system, wherein the water system comprises water pretreatment equipment (1), a first water pump (2), a second water pump (3), a condenser (4) and a flash evaporator (5); the cascade heat pump system comprises a low-temperature-stage circulating system and a high-temperature-stage circulating system, wherein the low-temperature-stage circulating system comprises a first compressor (9), a condensation evaporator (7), a first throttle valve (28) and a first evaporator (10); the high-temperature-stage circulating system comprises a second compressor (6), a condenser (4), a second throttle valve (25), a condensing evaporator (7) and a second evaporator (8);
in the water system, an outlet of the water pretreatment equipment (1) is connected with an inlet of a first water pump (2) through a pipeline, the outlet of the first water pump (2) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a second water pump (3) through a first valve (11), the other path is connected with an inlet (a 1) at the upper part of a condenser (4) through a pipeline together with an outlet of the second water pump (3) through a second valve (12), the outlet (a 2) at the upper part of the condenser (4) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a pressure reducing valve (14) through a third valve (13), the other path is connected with an inlet (g 4) of a flash evaporator (5) through a pipeline together with an outlet of the pressure reducing valve (14) through a fourth valve (15), the outlet (g 3) at the lower part of the flash evaporator (5) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet pipeline of the second water pump (3) through a fifth valve (20), and the other path is connected with a sixth valve (21); an outlet (g 1) at the upper part of the flash evaporator (5) is connected with a seventh valve (16), and an outlet (g 2) is connected to a using device (29) through an eighth valve (17) and a first regulating valve (18) in sequence; the condensed water of the steam after the heat release condensation of the using equipment (29) is connected to the inlet (d 1) of the second evaporator (8) through a ninth valve (31) and a second regulating valve (30), and the outlet (d 2) of the second evaporator (8) is connected to the water pretreatment equipment (1) through a pipeline;
in the low-temperature-stage circulating system, the outlet of a first compressor (9) is connected to the lower inlet (f 1) of a condensation evaporator (7) through a pipeline, the lower outlet (f 2) of the condensation evaporator (7) is connected to the inlet of a first throttle valve (28), the outlet of the first throttle valve (28) is connected to the inlet of a first evaporator (10), and the outlet of the first evaporator (10) is connected to the inlet of the first compressor (9) through a pipeline;
in the high-temperature-stage circulating system, an outlet of a second compressor (6) is connected to an inlet (b 1) at the lower part of a condenser (4) through a pipeline, one path of an outlet (b 2) at the lower part of the condenser (4) is connected to an inlet of a second throttle valve (25) through a tenth valve (24), the other path of the outlet is connected to an inlet (c 1) at the upper part of a second evaporator (8) through an eleventh valve (22) and a third throttle valve (23), the outlet of the second throttle valve (25) is connected to an inlet (e 1) at the upper part of a condensing evaporator (7) through a pipeline, and an outlet (e 2) at the upper part of the condensing evaporator (7) is commonly connected to an inlet of the second compressor (6) through a first one-way valve (26) and an outlet (c 2) at the lower part of the second evaporator (8) through a second one-way valve (27).
2. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flash evaporator (5) is provided with a pressure controller (19), the signal of the pressure controller (19) is connected to a first regulating valve (18) through a wire.
3. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a temperature controller (32) is arranged on the outlet (c 2) pipeline of the second evaporator (8), and the signal of the temperature controller (32) is connected with a second regulating valve (30) through a wire.
4. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first evaporator (10) is an air source heat pump evaporator exchanging heat with ambient air.
5. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the condenser (4) is a plate heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger where evaporation does not occur on the water side.
6. The self-heating recovery heat pump hot water and steam production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the second water pump (3) is a high-temperature resistant high-lift pump.
7. A method of operating an autothermal recovery heat pump hot water and steam production system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterised by the two operating methods of hot water production and steam production, in particular:
1. hot water preparation:
opening the second valve (12), the fourth valve (15), the seventh valve (16) and the tenth valve (24), closing the first valve (11), the third valve (13), the eighth valve (17) and the eleventh valve (22), and simultaneously, starting the first water pump (2), the first compressor (9) and the second compressor (6); the low-temperature-level refrigerant is firstly sucked and compressed by a first compressor (9) to be changed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam, then enters a condensing evaporator (7) to release heat and condense, the liquefied liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by a first throttle valve (28), and finally the liquefied liquid refrigerant is sucked and compressed by the first compressor (9) after absorbing the heat of air and being changed back into the refrigerant steam again by the first evaporator (10); in the high-temperature-stage circulating system, high-temperature-stage refrigerant liquid absorbs condensation heat of low-temperature-stage refrigerant in a condensation evaporator (7) to be vaporized into vapor, then is sucked and compressed by a second compressor (6), is discharged from an outlet of the second compressor (6), enters a condenser (4) to release heat and give working medium water to be changed into liquid refrigerant, and then enters the condensation evaporator (7) to absorb heat and evaporate after being throttled and depressurized by a second throttle valve (25);
working medium water firstly passes through water pretreatment equipment (1), then flows out and is pumped into a condenser (4) by a first water pump (2) through a second valve (12) to absorb heat from a high-temperature heat pump circulation system, high-temperature water coming out of the condenser (4) passes through a fourth valve (15) and then enters a flash evaporator (5), at the moment, a seventh valve (16) above the flash evaporator 5 is communicated with the atmosphere, the hot water does not flash in the flash evaporator (5), and after the liquid level in the flash evaporator (5) reaches a set height, the high-temperature hot water is externally supplied by a sixth valve (21);
2. steam preparation:
when the steam temperature for preparing the system is lower than 100 ℃, opening a seventh valve (16), closing other valves, externally connecting the seventh valve (16) with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the flash evaporator (5), and closing the seventh valve (16) after the vacuum reaches the requirement;
during normal operation, the first valve (11), the third valve (13), the eleventh valve (22), the tenth valve (24), the ninth valve (31), the eighth valve (17) and the fifth valve (20) are opened, other valves are closed, and simultaneously, the first water pump (2), the second water pump (3), the first compressor (9) and the second compressor (6) are opened; after the lift of the water pretreatment equipment (1) is initially improved by a first water pump (2), the water enters a second water pump (3) through a first valve (11), the pressure of the water is raised by the second water pump (3) to be not lower than the saturated water pressure corresponding to the temperature of a condenser (4), then the water enters the condenser (4) to absorb the heat of a high-temperature heat pump refrigerant and becomes high-temperature water, the high-temperature water enters a flash evaporator (5) through a third valve (13) and a pressure reducing valve (14) in sequence to be subjected to flash evaporation treatment to obtain high-temperature steam, the obtained high-temperature steam is conveyed to a using equipment (29) through an eighth valve (17) and a first regulating valve (18) to be subjected to heat release and condensation, and the high-temperature condensed water enters a second evaporator (8) through a ninth valve (31) and a second regulating valve (30) to be subjected to heat release and temperature reduction and then returns to a lower inlet of the water pretreatment equipment (1); the water which is not evaporated in the flash evaporator (5) is continuously heated together with the make-up water at the outlet of the first water pump (2) through a fifth valve (20) and is flashed to generate steam;
the cascade heat pump circulation process main body is consistent with the hot water preparation process, the difference is that a part of refrigerant liquid at the outlet of the condenser (4) enters the second evaporator (8) through the throttle and depressurization of the eleventh valve (22) and the third throttle valve (23), the heat of condensed water is absorbed and evaporated, the self-heating recovery of the system is realized, and the refrigerant gas generated by evaporation enters the second compressor (6) together through the second one-way valve (27) and the refrigerant gas flowing out through the first one-way valve (26) at the outlet of the condensation evaporator (7);
when a large amount of wastewater with the temperature similar to that of the condensed water exists in the system operation place, the wastewater enters the second evaporator (8) together with the condensed water, and at the moment, a low-temperature-stage circulation system in the cascade heat pump system is closed, and meanwhile, a tenth valve (24) is closed.
8. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that the first regulating valve (18) is controlled by the pressure of the pressure controller (19), the opening of the first regulating valve (18) being in direct proportional relation to the pressure in the flash vessel (5).
9. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that the second regulating valve (30) is temperature-controlled by a temperature controller (32), the opening of the second regulating valve (30) being inversely proportional to the temperature at the outlet c2 of the second evaporator (8).
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| CN113739444A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Cold and hot steam heat pump system that allies oneself with confession |
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| US3202134A (en) * | 1963-01-03 | 1965-08-24 | G & J Weir Ltd | Regeneration of the heat of boiler flue gases |
| JP2010164223A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-29 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Steam generator |
| WO2016002878A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-07 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat-pump-type steam-generating device |
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