CN109441577A - Absorption heat pump cogeneration units recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing - Google Patents
Absorption heat pump cogeneration units recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109441577A CN109441577A CN201811153935.8A CN201811153935A CN109441577A CN 109441577 A CN109441577 A CN 109441577A CN 201811153935 A CN201811153935 A CN 201811153935A CN 109441577 A CN109441577 A CN 109441577A
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- cooling water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种吸收式热泵热电联产机组循环冷却水零上塔运行方法，包括供热抽汽流程、循环冷却水循环流程和热网循环水循环流程；所述循环冷却水不经过冷却水塔时应满足多个运行条件，该运行条件包括：⑴控制循环冷却水流量：循环冷却水流量小于等于吸收式热泵系统中吸收式热泵的额定流量值；⑵循环冷却水在凝汽器中的温升和余热水在吸收热泵热泵中的温降相差在1～3℃之内；⑶凝汽器真空满足机组安全运行的标准，取值范围为5～12kPa。本发明大大提高了热电联产机组在供热期的能源利用效率,每日回收循环水余热量近10000GJ，汽轮机系统发电煤耗预计可降低30g/kW.h以上。
The invention relates to a zero-top tower operation method for circulating cooling water of an absorption heat pump cogeneration unit, which includes a heating and steam extraction process, a circulating cooling water circulating process, and a heating network circulating water circulating process; the circulating cooling water should not pass through the cooling water tower. Multiple operating conditions are met, including: (1) Controlling the circulating cooling water flow: the circulating cooling water flow is less than or equal to the rated flow value of the absorption heat pump in the absorption heat pump system; (2) The temperature rise and The temperature drop of the residual hot water in the absorption heat pump heat pump is within 1 to 3 °C; (3) the vacuum of the condenser meets the standard for safe operation of the unit, and the value ranges from 5 to 12 kPa. The invention greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency of the cogeneration unit during the heating period, recovers nearly 10,000 GJ of residual heat from circulating water every day, and is expected to reduce coal consumption for power generation by the steam turbine system by more than 30 g/kW.h.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cogeneration units power generation and heat supply process fields, especially a kind of to be based on absorption heat pump thermoelectricity
Coproduction unit heat supply period recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing.
Technical background
Cogeneration of heat and power refers to that power plant not only produces electric energy, but also does the steam of function to user's heat supply using steam turbine generator
Production method produces the technical process of electricity, thermal energy simultaneously, save fuel compared with production electricity, thermal energy mode respectively, joined with thermoelectricity
The thermal power plant that production mode is run is known as steam power plant, and the steam of cogeneration of heat and power does not have cold source energy, so can be increased to the thermal efficiency
85%, it is more still much higher than large-scale condensing-type unit (thermal efficiency up to 40%).
Cogeneration units generally use the solidifying mode operation of pumping during heat supply in winter, and it is straight to extract heating steam from steam turbine
It taps into and heats heat supply network recirculated water into heat exchangers for district heating, under such method of operation, it is laggard that recirculated cooling water from condenser takes away heat
It is cooling to enter cooling tower, this partial heat can not utilize, cause to waste, efficiency of energy utilization is lower.In order to utilize circulating cooling
Water waste heat, some power plants carry out absorption heat pump transformation, part circulating water afterheat are utilized, and efficiency is improved, however such as
What makes the effect of absorption heat pump perform to maximum, currently, relevant research not yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide through parameter adjustment, valve transfer to realize circulating cooling
Water is without cooling tower, and a kind of absorption heat pump cogeneration units circulation for being totally immersed into absorption heat pump recovery waste heat is cold
But water tower operation method above freezing.
The technical proposal adopted by the invention to solve the above technical problems is that:
A kind of absorption heat pump cogeneration units recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing, it is characterised in that: including supplying
Hot steam extraction process, recirculated cooling water circulation process and heat supply network recirculated water circulation process；
The recirculated cooling water circulation process includes:
Recirculated cooling water exchanges heat in condenser, and temperature increases, and then whole recirculated cooling waters go to absorption heat pump system
System carry out waste heat recycling, during operation valve 1,3 open and 2,4 close, recirculated cooling water after having carried out waste heat recycling without
Supercooling water tower directly returns to condenser, completes circulation；
Without should meet multiple service conditions when cooling tower, which includes: the recirculated cooling water
(1) control loop cooling water flow: circulating cooling water flow is less than or equal to absorption heat pump in absorption type heat pump system
Metered flow value；
(2) temperature drop of temperature rise and remaining hot water of the recirculated cooling water in condenser in sorption type heat pump heat pump is differed 1~3
Within DEG C；
(3) condenser vacuum meets the standard of unit safety operation, and value range is 5~12kPa.
Further more,
The heat supply steam extraction process includes:
A part removes absorption type heat pump system and as driving heat source, is made more than heat supply network recirculated water absorbs by absorption heat pump
Heat achievees the purpose that heat heat supply network recirculated water；
Another part goes heat supply network heater system, continues to heat heat supply network recirculated water, and formed and gone here and there with absorption type heat pump system
Connection heating；
After two bursts of steam extraction heat exchange condensations, hydrophobic return condenser is formed；
The heat supply network recirculated water circulation process includes:
For heat supply network recirculated water after heat user return, temperature is lower, absorption type heat pump system heat exchange heating is first passed through, if do not had
Have and reach heat demand temperature, exchange heat and heat up using heat exchangers for district heating system, finally leads to again and carry out heat supply at heat user.
Further more, the service condition further include: unit low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust steam flow lower numerical limit be unit design low pressure (LP) cylinder most
Small steaming flow, limit value be kept when vacuum degree meets safe operation demand recirculated cooling water not under the premise of overtemperature most
Big low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust steam flow.
What the present invention obtained has the technical effect that
The present invention passes through for the improved heat supply period cogeneration units of absorption heat pump, this method is carried out in heat supply period
Interior adjustment unit generation load, heating demand, circulating water flow, heating steam extraction to the parameters such as heat pump flow, make cogeneration of heat and power machine
Group recirculated cooling water is not necessarily to enter cooling tower cooler, reaches recirculated cooling water tower operational mode above freezing.This method essentially eliminates
The cold source energy of cogeneration units, and a large amount of recirculated water evaporations bring water source consumption is avoided, there is huge economy
Benefit substantially increases cogeneration units in the efficiency of energy utilization of heat supply period, and daily recycling circulating water afterheat amount is close
10000GJ, turbine system coal consumption for power generation is estimated can to reduce 30g/kW.h or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the typical condition figure of recirculated cooling water tower above freezing in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by case study on implementation and comparative example, the present invention is further elaborated, but is not limited to the present embodiment.
A kind of absorption heat pump cogeneration units recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing, as shown, of the invention
Innovation is: including heat supply steam extraction process, recirculated cooling water circulation process and heat supply network recirculated water circulation process；
Recirculated cooling water circulation process includes:
Recirculated cooling water flow direction is as shown by arrows in figure, and recirculated cooling water carries out in condenser (at the upper right corner Fig. 1)
Heat exchange, temperature increase, and then whole recirculated cooling waters go absorption type heat pump system (Fig. 1 lower right-hand corner) to carry out waste heat recycling, fortune
Valve 1,3 is opened between the departure date and 2,4 close, and recirculated cooling water is after having carried out waste heat recycling without the cooling tower (bottom right Fig. 1
At angle) condenser is directly returned, complete circulation；
Without should meet multiple service conditions when cooling tower, which includes: the recirculated cooling water
(1) control loop cooling water flow makes remaining hot water (recirculated cooling water) flow no more than the specified remaining hot water of heat pump system
Flow, i.e. remaining hot water (lower section center in Fig. 1) flow is less than or equal to the specified stream of absorption heat pump in absorption type heat pump system
Magnitude；
(2) temperature rise of the recirculated cooling water in condenser should be equal to temperature drop of the remaining hot water in absorption heat pump, however by
There is radiation loss in pipeline flow process in water, it is also possible to the error for thering is temperature to measure, it is considered that recirculated cooling water is solidifying
The temperature drop of temperature rise and remaining hot water in absorption heat pump in vapour device is differed to be met the requirements within 1~3 DEG C, certain temperature drop phase
Poor 1 DEG C；
(3) under recirculated cooling water tower mode above freezing, recirculated water leaving water temperature is higher, should ensure that condenser vacuum meets unit
The standard of safe operation.Under normal circumstances, the design vacuum degree of 300MW level steam turbine group is in 5kPa or so, and is maintained at 12kPa
Within can meet the needs of unit safety operation, preferably remain within 10kPa.
Meet it is above-mentioned (1)~(3) under conditions of, unit can for a long time under recirculated cooling water tower operational mode above freezing safety
Stable operation.(4) and (5) but in order to more optimize the operation of unit, unit can also be made to meet condition:
(4) unit low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust steam flow should not be too large, and otherwise existing circulating cooling water flow can not take away steamer enough
Machine exhausted spare heat.Unit low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust steam flow lower numerical limit is unit design low pressure (LP) cylinder minimum steaming flow, and limit value is
Maximum low pressure (LP) cylinder exhaust steam flow of the recirculated cooling water not under the premise of overtemperature (vacuum degree meets safe operation demand) is kept, this
Value is not fixed value, related to the factors such as environment temperature and heat pump system scale；
(5), according to required generation load and heating demand, unit main steam flow, heating steam extraction to heat pump stream are rationally controlled
Amount, heating steam extraction to heat exchangers for district heating flow and low pressure (LP) cylinder match into steam flow amount, matching principle are as follows:
Heating steam extraction to heat pump flow meets the driving demand (related to circulating cooling water flow) of heat pump system；
Low pressure (LP) cylinder meets the requirement of condition (4) into steam flow amount；
In the case where heat pump is not sufficiently effective, need to need heating steam extraction extremely using heat exchangers for district heating series connection heating
Heat exchangers for district heating flow meets hot net water heating demands；
It is met the requirements in heating steam extraction to heat pump flow, heating steam extraction to heat exchangers for district heating flow and low pressure (LP) cylinder into steam flow amount
Under the premise of, main steam flow can determine.
Heat supply steam extraction process includes:
Heating steam extraction a part removes absorption type heat pump system and as driving heat source (" heat pump driving steam " in Fig. 1), leads to
Crossing absorption heat pump makes heat supply network recirculated water absorb waste heat, achievees the purpose that heat heat supply network recirculated water；
Heating steam extraction another part is directly entered heat exchangers for district heating system, continue heat heat supply network recirculated water, and with it is absorption
Heat pump system forms series connection heating；
After two bursts of steam extraction heat exchange condensations, forms hydrophobic (" heat exchangers for district heating is hydrophobic " in Fig. 1) and return to condenser.
Heat supply network recirculated water circulation process includes:
For heat supply network recirculated water after heat user (Fig. 1 left upper) return, temperature is lower, first passes through absorption type heat pump system and changes
Heat heating exchanges heat using heat exchangers for district heating system and heats up if not reaching heat demand temperature, finally leads to heat user again
Place carries out heat supply.
Embodiment
By taking certain 300MW grades of power plant's heat pump system as an example, which is mounted with 8 steam type lithium bromide absorption type heat pumps, heat
The technical parameter of pump assembly is as shown in table 1.It can be seen that single machine heating capacity 38.96MW；It designs under heating condition, steam type bromine
Changing lithium-absorbing formula heat pump unit hot water inlet temperature is 50 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 76.8 DEG C；Remaining hot water inlet temperature is 41 DEG C, out
Mouth temperature is 33 DEG C.Capital equipment includes: 8 lithium bromide absorption type heat pump units, 4 water circulating pumps, 4 condensate pumps, 1
Vaporized temperature-reducing device etc..
1 steam type lithium bromide absorption type heat pump machine set technology parameter (design conditions) of table
Illustrate:
A) each external condition in technical data sheet --- steam, hot water, remaining hot water is nominal condition value, when actual motion
It can appropriate adjustment.
B) steam pressure 0.2MPa (G) fingering unit pressure, the pressure loss without valve.Hot water allows outlet temperature most
It is 95 DEG C high.
C) steam consumption quantity refers to the consumption of saturated vapor in table, if steam is superheated steam, the highest degree of superheat be must not exceed
10℃。
D) heat regulation range nominally is 20~100%.
E) hot water, remaining hot water side sealing factor 0.086m2K/kW (0.0001m2h DEG C/kcal).
F) hot water, remaining hot water water chamber design pressure-bearing 0.8MPa (G).
G) use environment is operated normally: it is indoor non-explosion-proof, 5~50 DEG C of temperature, humidity 30%~85%, non-corrosive gas
The operating status of recirculated cooling water as shown in Figure 1 tower above freezing is:
Table 2 shows main operation data under recirculated water tower mode above freezing, in figure 5 it can be seen that
1. circulating water water flow is 11330.4t/h, it is less than absorption heat pump metered flow 14128t/h.
2. temperature rise of the recirculated cooling water in condenser is 9.4 DEG C, temperature drop of the recirculated cooling water (remaining hot water) in heat pump
It is 9.2 DEG C, the temperature difference matches within 1 DEG C, can run steadily in the long term；
3. unit vacuum is maintained at 6.2kPa, meet the design standard of unit safety operation；
4. turbine discharge flow is 234.1t/h, because unit vacuum meets the design standard of safe operation, illustrate existing
There is circulating cooling water flow to take away steam turbine exhaust heat enough；
5. steam turbine load is 192.2MW, heating demand 1090.5GJ/h, main steam flow 771.9t/h, heating is taken out
Steam flow amount summation is 268.1t/h, and low pressure (LP) cylinder is into steam flow amount 234.1t/h, and all parameters are in recirculated water tower operational process above freezing
It keeps stablizing, realizes recirculated water tower operational mode stable operation above freezing.
In addition, thermal loss of steam turbine completes 5501.5kJ/ (kW.h), recycling circulating water afterheat amount reaches 391.7GJ/h, generates electricity
204.8g/ (kW.h) is completed in coal consumption, and heat supply coal consumption is completed to reduce 32g/ compared to the coal consumption for power generation under the specified supplying thermal condition of unit
KW.h, greatly improves the thermal efficiency of unit, sufficiently shows the superiority of this operational mode.
Main operation data under 2 recirculated water of table tower mode above freezing
| Load | MW | 192.2 |
| Main steam flow | t/h | 771.9 |
| Low pressure (LP) cylinder is into steam flow amount | t/h | 234.1 |
| Condenser vacuum | kPa | 6.2 |
| Circulating cooling water flow | t/h | 11330.4 |
| Recirculated cooling water is in condenser temperature rise | ℃ | 9.4 |
| Remaining hot water is in heat pump temperature drop | ℃ | 9.2 |
| 5 sections of extraction flows | t/h | 268.1 |
| #2 gross heat input | GJ/h | 1090.5 |
| 5 sections of steam extractions are to heat pump flow | t/h | 221.1 |
| Heat pump heat supply amount | GJ/h | 962.5 |
| 5 sections of steam extractions are to heat exchangers for district heating flow | t/h | 47 |
| Heat exchangers for district heating heating load | GJ/h | 127.9 |
| Recovery waste heat hydro-thermal amount | GJ/h | 391.7 |
| Thermal loss of steam turbine | kJ/(kW.h) | 5501.5 |
| Coal consumption for power generation | g/(kW.h) | 204.8 |
The present invention passes through for the improved heat supply period cogeneration units of absorption heat pump, this method is carried out in heat supply period
Interior adjustment unit generation load, heating demand, circulating water flow, heating steam extraction to the parameters such as heat pump flow, make cogeneration of heat and power machine
Group recirculated cooling water is not necessarily to enter cooling tower cooler, reaches recirculated cooling water tower operational mode above freezing.This method essentially eliminates
The cold source energy of cogeneration units, and a large amount of recirculated water evaporations bring water source consumption is avoided, there is huge economy
Benefit substantially increases cogeneration units in the efficiency of energy utilization of heat supply period, and daily recycling circulating water afterheat amount is close
10000GJ, turbine system coal consumption for power generation is estimated can to reduce 30g/kW.h or more.
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| CN201811153935.8A CN109441577A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Absorption heat pump cogeneration units recirculated cooling water tower operation method above freezing |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110544183A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-06 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | combined heat and power generation unit recovery waste heat benefit calculation method based on absorption heat pump |
| CN110713265A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-21 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Automatic dosing water-saving treatment system and method for absorption heat pump waste heat water |
| CN114110714A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Low-pressure cylinder low-flow working condition waste heat deep recovery heat supply system and application method thereof |
| CN116608458A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-18 | 福步睿特(北京)科技有限公司 | Liquid supplementing and heating system utilizing waste heat |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110544183A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-06 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | combined heat and power generation unit recovery waste heat benefit calculation method based on absorption heat pump |
| CN110713265A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-21 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Automatic dosing water-saving treatment system and method for absorption heat pump waste heat water |
| CN114110714A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Low-pressure cylinder low-flow working condition waste heat deep recovery heat supply system and application method thereof |
| CN116608458A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-18 | 福步睿特(北京)科技有限公司 | Liquid supplementing and heating system utilizing waste heat |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |
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