CN114439876A - Friction electrification electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber - Google Patents
Friction electrification electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114439876A CN114439876A CN202210043560.XA CN202210043560A CN114439876A CN 114439876 A CN114439876 A CN 114439876A CN 202210043560 A CN202210043560 A CN 202210043560A CN 114439876 A CN114439876 A CN 114439876A
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- friction part
- permanent magnet
- magnetic liquid
- lower friction
- working unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
- F16F9/535—Magnetorheological [MR] fluid dampers
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction electrification electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber, which comprises: a housing; the friction part is positioned in the shell and comprises an upper friction part and a lower friction part, the upper friction part and the lower friction part are made of different materials, and the upper friction part, the lower friction part and the side wall of the shell form a vibration reduction cavity; the working unit is arranged in the vibration damping cavity and comprises a permanent magnet and an elastic rope used for connecting the permanent magnet and the side wall of the shell; the magnetic liquid is respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the permanent magnets facing the upper friction part and the lower friction part; a conductive portion including a conductive wire for electrically connecting the upper friction portion and the lower friction portion; the electricity utilization units are connected in series between the upper friction part and the lower friction part to form a closed loop. Therefore, the vibration mechanical energy is converted into usable electric energy, the conversion consumption of the vibration mechanical energy is accelerated, and the damping vibration attenuation efficiency of the friction electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering vibration control, in particular to a triboelectrification electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber.
Background
The magnetic liquid is used as a novel nanometer functional material, and is a stable colloidal solution formed by dispersing a surface active agent coated on the surface of nanometer-scale magnetic particles in a base carrier liquid. Due to the unique composition and structure, the magnetic liquid has both fluidity and magnetism, and can be applied to a plurality of fields such as vibration absorbers, sensors, sealing and the like. The magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber works based on the magnetic liquid second-order buoyancy principle, has the advantages of long service life, no need of external energy supply, simple structure, small volume, light weight, high reliability and the like, and is suitable for local vibration attenuation of long components (such as satellite antennas and solar sailboards) in spacecrafts at low frequency, small amplitude and small acceleration.
The working unit in the existing magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber has poor suspension stability and low damping vibration attenuation efficiency, and cannot convert the mechanical energy of vibration into usable energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a triboelectric-magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber which has an excellent damping effect and can convert the mechanical energy of vibration into usable electric energy.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, a frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber includes: the device comprises a shell, a friction part, a working unit, magnetic liquid, a conductive part and an electric unit. The friction parts are arranged at two ends of the shell and comprise an upper friction part and a lower friction part, the upper friction part and the lower friction part are made of different materials, and the upper friction part, the lower friction part and the shell form a vibration reduction cavity; the working unit is arranged in the vibration reduction cavity and comprises a permanent magnet and an elastic rope used for connecting the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the shell; the magnetic liquid is arranged between the working unit and the friction part; the conductive part comprises a lead connected with the friction part; the electricity utilization unit is connected with the upper friction part and the lower friction part through the conducting wire to form a closed loop.
When the friction-induced electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber is influenced by external vibration, the working unit generates displacement in the vibration attenuation cavity, the working unit does reciprocating motion under the action of the elastic rope, the magnetic liquid simultaneously generates friction with the upper friction part and the lower friction part, electric charges with opposite electric properties are generated in the upper friction part and the lower friction part according to a friction-induced electric effect, the upper friction part, the lower friction part, the electrode layer, the lead and the electricity utilization unit are connected to form a closed loop, the electric charges move in the closed loop to finally form current, and the current passes through the electricity utilization unit and is stored or utilized by the electricity utilization unit. Therefore, the vibration mechanical energy is converted into usable electric energy, the conversion consumption of the vibration mechanical energy is accelerated, the damping vibration attenuation efficiency of the frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber is improved, and the practicability of the frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber is also expanded.
Further, the side of the upper friction part facing the working unit and the side of the lower friction part facing the working unit are both formed with surface textures.
Further, the upper friction part and the lower friction part are both made of high polymer materials.
Further, the thickness of the upper friction part and the thickness of the lower friction part are both 200 um-500 um.
Further, the permanent magnet is a Halbach array permanent magnet.
Furthermore, the elastic rope comprises a first elastic rope and a second elastic rope, and the first elastic rope and the second elastic rope are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the permanent magnet; the two ends of the first elastic rope are fixedly connected with the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the shell respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic rope are fixedly connected with the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the shell respectively.
Further, the conductive part further comprises an electrode layer connected with the lead, and the electrode layer is respectively arranged on the side surface of the upper friction part far away from the working unit and the side surface of the lower friction part far away from the working unit.
Furthermore, the shell comprises a main body and end covers fixed to two ends of the main body, and the end covers fixed to two ends of the main body are arranged on the outer surfaces, far away from the friction portion, of the electrode layers.
Further, the shell is made of an electric insulation material.
Furthermore, the frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber also comprises a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is used for fixedly connecting the main body and the end cover.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a triboelectric electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rectangular surface texture structure of a friction portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a polygonal surface texture structure of a friction portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a circular surface texture of a friction portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a triangular surface texture structure of a friction part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the triboelectric electro-magnetic fluid damping shock absorber 100,
a housing 10, a body 11, an end cap 12, an opening 13, a damper chamber 14,
a friction part 20, an upper friction part 21, a lower friction part 22,
a working unit 30, a permanent magnet 31, a bungee cord 32, a first bungee cord 321, a second bungee cord 322,
the magnetic liquid (40) is in the form of a magnetic liquid,
the conductive portion 50, the conductive line 51, the electrode layer 52,
the power-using unit (60) is provided with a power supply,
a fixing member 70.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring now to fig. 1-7, a triboelectric-magnetic liquid damping shock absorber 100 is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, said triboelectric-magnetic liquid damping shock absorber 100 comprising: the device comprises a housing 10, a friction part 20, a working unit 30, a magnetic liquid 40, a conductive part 50 and an electricity using unit 60.
An accommodating chamber is formed in the housing 10, and the friction part 20, the working unit 30 and the magnetic liquid 40 are all located in the accommodating chamber. The housing 10 is made of an electrically insulating and magnetically non-conductive material, so that the housing 10 is prevented from affecting the normal movement of the working unit 30 in the damping chamber 14, and the housing 10 can isolate the conduction of current and prevent electric leakage.
The friction portion 20 is disposed in the housing 10, the friction portion 20 includes an upper friction portion 21 and a lower friction portion 22, the upper friction portion 21 and the lower friction portion 22 define the vibration damping cavity 14 together with the housing 10, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the upper friction portion 21 is adjacent to an upper wall surface of the housing 10, the lower friction portion 22 is adjacent to a lower wall surface of the housing 10, and both the upper friction portion 21 and the lower friction portion 22 completely occupy the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the housing 10, so that the vibration damping cavity 14 is configured by the upper friction portion 21, the lower friction portion 22 and a side wall surface of the housing 10.
Further, the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22 are made of different materials, so that after the friction is applied, the charges of the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22 are opposite. Friction portion 20 adopts macromolecular material, like PET and Kapton etc. macromolecular material produces electric charge more easily after the friction, and the thickness of friction portion 20 is between 200um ~ 500um, can guarantee like this that friction portion 20 receives normal production electric charge after the friction of magnetic fluid 40, and the electric charge of production can normally reach conductive part 50, and friction portion 20 can not occupy too big space simultaneously, and is rationally distributed.
Further, the side of the upper friction part 21 facing the working unit 30 is formed with a surface texture, and the side of the lower friction part 22 facing the working unit 30 is formed with a surface texture, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the surface texture may have various patterns, for example, the surface texture may be at least one of a parallel groove, a thread groove, a circular texture, an elliptical texture, a triangular texture, and a polygonal texture, and of course, the surface texture may also be other structural forms, which are not limited herein.
The magnetic liquid 40 is respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the permanent magnets 31 facing the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22, the contact area between the upper friction part 21 or the lower friction part 22 and the magnetic liquid 40 can be increased through the surface texture, the shearing rate of the magnetic liquid 40 is changed, the solid-liquid friction is increased, the vibration damping performance of the device is improved, and the friction electrification efficiency of the device is improved.
The working unit 30 is disposed between the upper friction portion 21 and the lower friction portion 22, and the working unit 30 is a composite magnet formed by combining a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are made of permanent magnetic materials, such as neodymium iron boron. Compared with a single magnet structure, the composite structure formed by connecting and combining the permanent magnets has larger magnetic field gradient, so that the suspension force of the magnetic liquid 40 borne by the working unit 30 is increased, the suspension stability of the working unit 30 is improved, the vibration reduction performance is improved, and the service life is prolonged. It should be noted that although the composite structure of multiple permanent magnets is adopted to generate a magnetic field gradient larger than that generated by a single magnet structure, so as to improve the stability of the frictional electromagnetic liquid damping shock absorber 100, the number of permanent magnets is not too large in consideration of the limitations of the volume, mass and other conditions, and in general, the working unit 30 may adopt 2-6 permanent magnets to form a composite structure according to the shock absorption requirement. Further, the permanent magnets in the working unit 30 may be arranged in a halbach array, which may generate the strongest magnetic field with the least amount of magnets, further improving the stability of the triboelectric liquid damping shock absorber 100.
There is a clearance between the working unit 30 and the friction part 20, and the width of the clearance is 1-3 mm, so that the working unit 30 and the friction part 20 can be ensured to generate relative movement, meanwhile, the clearance is filled with magnetic liquid 40, generally, the magnetic liquid 40 is oil-based or ester-based, and the magnetic liquid 40 is adsorbed on the surface of the permanent magnet 31. When the working unit 30 and the friction part 20 generate relative movement, friction is generated between the magnetic liquid 40 and the friction part 20.
Although the working unit 30 immersed in the magnetic liquid 40 may be suspended based on the second-order buoyancy principle of the magnetic liquid, and when the working unit 30 is suspended at rest, the working unit 30 is substantially in the center of the liquid, and when external vibration energy is received, random fluctuation of the working unit 30 is caused, and finally the working unit 30 returns to the equilibrium position in the form of return motion due to the pressure difference caused by asymmetry of the magnetic liquid 40, that is, returns to the center of the liquid, because the working unit 30 has a large mass formed by combining a plurality of permanent magnets, if only the acting force provided by the magnetic liquid 40 is applied, the working unit 30 is difficult to perform reciprocating motion, and therefore, elastic cords 32 for providing return force to the working unit 30 are provided at both ends of the working unit 30. One end of the elastic rope 32 is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 10, and the other end of the elastic rope 32 is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet 31. The working unit 30 is affected by vibration to displace to drive the elastic cord 32 to deform the elastic cord 32, and at this time, the elastic cord 32 has elastic potential energy and can provide restoring force for the reciprocating motion of the working unit 30. The elastic cord 32 is generally made of a non-magnetic material with good elastic deformation capability, such as spring steel, and the elastic cord 32 includes a first elastic cord 321 and a second elastic cord 322, the first elastic cord 321 and the second elastic cord 322 are symmetrically disposed at two ends of the permanent magnet 31, that is, two ends of the first elastic cord 321 are respectively fixedly connected to the permanent magnet 31 and the inner wall of the housing 10, two ends of the second elastic cord 322 are respectively fixedly connected to the permanent magnet 31 and the inner wall of the housing 10, and in addition, the first elastic cord 321 and the second elastic cord 322 can be in the same horizontal plane, so that the working unit 30 can be ensured to perform reciprocating motion stably.
The conductive part 50 includes a conductive wire 51 and an electrode layer 52. The electrode layer 52 is disposed on the outer surface of the upper friction part 21 or the lower friction part 22 away from the working unit 30, the electrode layer 52 is connected to the friction part 20, and the wire 51 is connected to the electrode layer 52 and the electricity using unit 60, that is, the electricity using unit 60 is connected in series between the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22, so that the upper friction part 21, the lower friction part 22, the electrode layer 52, the wire 51 and the electricity using unit 60 form a closed loop. The electrode layer 52 is generally made of a material having a high conductivity, such as copper.
The power consumption unit 60 may be an electronic component such as a capacitor or a diode, and can store or utilize the electric energy in the closed loop.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a triboelectric magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a housing 10 further includes a main body 11 and an end cap 12. Openings 13 are provided at both ends of the body 11, and end caps 12 are fixed to the openings 13 and cover the openings 13. The main body 11 and the end cap 12 are fixed by a fixing member 70, and the main body 11 and the end cap 12 are detachable. The fixing member 70 is a fixing bolt, which is convenient to install and disassemble.
In assembling, the main body 11 and the end cap 12 are detached, which facilitates assembling the friction part 20, the working unit 30, and the like into the housing 10. During assembly, the friction part 20 is arranged on the opening 13 and completely covers the opening 13, the surface of the friction part 20 is opposite to the end surface of the opening 13, so that the friction part 20 and the main body 11 form a damping cavity 14 together, and the working unit 30 is arranged in the damping cavity 14 and connected with the inner peripheral wall of the main body 11 through the elastic rope 32; the end cap 12 is disposed on a side of the friction portion 20 away from the working unit 30, and an electrode layer 52 is further disposed between the end cap 12 and the friction portion 20. The end cap 12 is fixedly connected to the main body 11 through a fixing member 70 to protect and fix the friction portion 20 and the electrode layer 52, thereby ensuring the stability of the whole structure of the frictional electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100. Since the working unit 30 includes the permanent magnet 31 and the frictional electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100 generates current during use, the body 11 and the end cap 12 are made of electric insulating and non-magnetic materials such as organic glass.
In the using process, the friction-induced electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100 is influenced by external vibration, the working unit 30 generates displacement in the vibration attenuation cavity 14, the working unit 30 reciprocates under the action of the elastic rope 32, the magnetic liquid 40 generates friction with the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22 at the same time, electric charges with opposite electric properties are generated in the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22 according to the friction-induced electric effect, the upper friction part 21, the lower friction part 22, the electrode layer 52, the lead 51 and the electricity utilization unit 60 are connected to form a closed loop, the electric charges move in the closed loop to finally form current, and the current passes through the electricity utilization unit 60 and is stored or utilized by the electricity utilization unit 60. Therefore, the vibration mechanical energy is converted into usable electric energy, the conversion consumption of the vibration mechanical energy is accelerated, the damping vibration attenuation efficiency of the frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100 is improved, and the practicability of the frictional electrification electromagnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100 is also expanded.
Further, the surfaces of the upper friction part 21 and the lower friction part 22 adjacent to the working unit 30 are provided with surface textures, and the surface textures can increase the contact area between the friction part 20 and the magnetic liquid 40, change the shear rate of the magnetic liquid 40, increase the solid-liquid friction, further accelerate the conversion and consumption of the vibration mechanical energy, improve the triboelectrification efficiency, and simultaneously improve the vibration reduction efficiency of the triboelectrification magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber 100.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "some embodiments," "optionally," "further," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A triboelectric, electromagnetic, liquid damping shock absorber, comprising:
a housing;
the friction part is positioned in the shell and comprises an upper friction part and a lower friction part, the upper friction part and the lower friction part are made of different materials, and the upper friction part, the lower friction part and the side wall of the shell form a vibration reduction cavity;
the working unit is arranged in the vibration reduction cavity and comprises a permanent magnet and an elastic rope used for connecting the permanent magnet and the side wall of the shell;
magnetic liquid, the said magnetic liquid locates at the side of the said permanent magnet towards said upper friction part and said lower friction part separately;
a conductive portion including a conductive wire for electrically connecting the upper friction portion and the lower friction portion;
and the power utilization unit is connected between the upper friction part and the lower friction part in series to form a closed loop.
2. The triboelectric, electromagnetic, liquid damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the side of said upper friction portion facing said working unit and the side of said lower friction portion facing said working unit are each formed with a surface texture.
3. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that said upper friction portion and said lower friction portion are both composed of a polymer material.
4. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the upper friction portion and the lower friction portion is 200-500 um each.
5. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet is a halbach array permanent magnet.
6. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein said bungee cord comprises a first bungee cord and a second bungee cord, said first bungee cord and said second bungee cord being symmetrically disposed on either side of said permanent magnet; the two ends of the first elastic rope are fixedly connected with the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the shell respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic rope are fixedly connected with the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the shell respectively.
7. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein said conductive portion further comprises electrode layers connected to said wires, said electrode layers being disposed on a side of said upper friction portion remote from said working unit and a side of said lower friction portion remote from said working unit, respectively.
8. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing comprises a main body and end caps fixed to both ends of the main body, and the end caps fixed to both ends of the main body are disposed on outer surfaces of the electrode layers away from the friction portion.
9. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping absorber according to claim 8, wherein said housing is of an electrically insulating material.
10. The triboelectric magnetic liquid damping shock absorber according to claim 8, further comprising a fixture for fixedly connecting the body and end cap.
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CN115681391A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-02-03 | 重庆邮电大学 | Self-sensing self-energy-supply self-adaptive control magnetorheological elastomer vibration isolation system |
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