CN114439436A - Thermal recovery system for injecting nitrogen into oil shale - Google Patents
Thermal recovery system for injecting nitrogen into oil shale Download PDFInfo
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- CN114439436A CN114439436A CN202011214885.7A CN202011214885A CN114439436A CN 114439436 A CN114439436 A CN 114439436A CN 202011214885 A CN202011214885 A CN 202011214885A CN 114439436 A CN114439436 A CN 114439436A
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- gas separation
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen injection thermal recovery system for oil shale, which comprises an underground heating device, an underground oil extraction device and a ground processing device, wherein the underground heating device comprises a first heat insulation pipe and a nitrogen production device; the underground oil extraction device comprises a second heat insulation pipe, an oil well pump is arranged on the second heat insulation pipe, and the extraction well is communicated with the heat injection well through formation pores and cracks; the ground treatment device comprises a first-stage oil-gas separation device and a second-stage oil-gas separation device which are connected, a liquid inlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with the second heat insulation pipe, and a liquid outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device and a liquid outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device are both connected with an oil collecting pipeline. The invention solves the technical problems of high difficulty in implementation of shale oil thermal recovery site, high economic cost and low heating efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shale oil development, in particular to a nitrogen injection thermal recovery system for oil shale.
Background
The content of the shale oil in China is very rich, the resource amount is the fourth in the world, the technology can be adopted and the third in the world, the shale oil is an important successive source of petroleum resources in China, and the shale oil is related to domestic energy safety.
At present, the development of the low-maturity and medium-maturity oil shale in China has not taken substantial industrial breakthrough, the most effective mode at present is heating exploitation, the heating mode commonly used in China is a heat injection steam heating technology, and the foreign heating modes comprise a wireless radio frequency heating technology, an Electrofrac (TM) technology of Exxon-Mobil, an E-ICP (electronic coupled plasma) heating technology of Shell company and the like. However, the following problems exist in the technology:
firstly, the heating technology of heat injection steam needs to have extremely high dryness and high investment cost, and the injected steam is condensed into water at the bottom of a well, which can cause damage to the stratum, and serious water sensitivity can cause the complete blockage of the pores of the stratum, and oil gas can not flow.
Secondly, the wireless radio frequency heating technology needs large power and is difficult to realize on site;
thirdly, the electric frac TM technology has high investment cost, complex operation and great technical difficulty;
and fourthly, an E-ICP heating technology is difficult to control, a freezing separation wall needs to be built underground, the requirement on a heater is high, and the heater is easy to burn.
Aiming at the problems of large implementation difficulty, high economic cost and low heating efficiency of a shale oil thermal recovery field in the related technology, no effective solution is provided at present.
Therefore, the inventor provides an oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nitrogen injection thermal recovery system for oil shale, which has stable heat supply, can meet the heat requirement required in the shale oil development process, has low operation difficulty and high safety, effectively improves the heating efficiency and reduces the damage to the stratum.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system, which comprises an underground heating device, an underground oil extraction device and a ground processing device,
the underground heating device comprises a first heat insulation pipe positioned in a heat injection well and a nitrogen making device for conveying nitrogen into the heat injection well, wherein an igniter is arranged on the first heat insulation pipe, the igniter descends to an oil shale layer in the heat injection well along with the first heat insulation pipe, an ignition cable connected with the igniter is arranged inside the first heat insulation pipe, a nitrogen output port of the nitrogen making device is communicated with the inside of the first heat insulation pipe, and a gas injection hole for outputting the nitrogen to the heat injection well is formed in the bottom of the first heat insulation pipe;
the underground oil extraction device comprises a second heat insulation pipe positioned in the extraction well, an oil well pump is arranged on the second heat insulation pipe, the oil well pump is arranged in the oil shale layer in the extraction well along with the second heat insulation pipe, a sucker rod connected with the oil well pump is arranged in the second heat insulation pipe, and the extraction well is communicated with the heat injection well through formation pores and cracks;
the ground treatment device comprises a first-stage oil-gas separation device for separating gas in oil and a second-stage oil-gas separation device for removing residual moisture in the oil, wherein a liquid inlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a second heat insulation pipe, a gas outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a gas inlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device, a gas outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a tail gas ignition device, and a liquid outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a liquid outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device through an oil collection pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first insulating pipe is disposed in a vertical direction in the heat injection well, a top end of the first insulating pipe is located at a wellhead of the heat injection well, and the igniter is disposed at a bottom end of the first insulating pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first packer is disposed between the first insulating tube and a first sleeve located within the heat injection well, and the first packer is located above the igniter.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first heat insulation pipe is composed of a plurality of sections connected in series, and a centralizer is disposed between two adjacent sections of the first heat insulation pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a perforated pipe is connected to a bottom end of the first insulating pipe, and the gas injection hole is formed in the perforated pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downhole heating device further comprises a coiled tubing, the ignition cable is located inside the coiled tubing, one end of the coiled tubing passes through the inside of the first insulated tubing and extends to the bottom end of the first insulated tubing, and the other end of the coiled tubing is located on the surface and connected to a winch.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a gooseneck bracket for supporting the coiled tubing is arranged above the wellhead of the heat injection well.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a sealer and a blowout preventer are arranged at the wellhead of the heat injection well, the bottom of the blowout preventer is connected with the first heat insulation pipe, the bottom of the sealer is connected with the top of the blowout preventer, and the continuous pipe sequentially passes through the sealer and the blowout preventer and extends into the interior of the first heat insulation pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen gas outlet of the nitrogen generator is connected to the inside of the first insulating pipe through the sealer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downhole heating device further includes a monitoring cable for monitoring the temperature of the nitrogen gas in the heat injection well, and the monitoring cable is electrically connected to the monitoring controller.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second heat insulation pipe is disposed in a vertical direction in the production well, a top end of the second heat insulation pipe is located at a wellhead of the production well, and the oil well pump is disposed at a bottom end of the second heat insulation pipe;
the top end of the sucker rod is connected with an above-ground oil pumping unit, and the bottom end of the sucker rod is connected with the oil pumping unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second packer is disposed between the second insulating tube and a second casing located in the production well, and the second packer is located above the pump.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downhole oil production device further comprises a sample taking barrel and/or a testing rod, and the sample taking barrel and/or the testing rod is/are lowered into the production well through a multifunctional pry on the ground.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface treatment device further includes a desulfurization device for removing sulfur-containing impurities from the oil, the desulfurization device is located between the secondary oil-gas separation device and the tail gas ignition device, an air inlet of the desulfurization device is connected to an air outlet of the secondary oil-gas separation device, and an air outlet of the desulfurization device is connected to an air inlet of the tail gas ignition device;
and the liquid outlet of the desulfurization device is connected with the oil collecting pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cooler is disposed between the first-stage oil-gas separation device and the second-stage oil-gas separation device, an air inlet of the cooler is connected to an air outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device, an air outlet of the cooler is connected to an air inlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device, and an oil outlet of the cooler is connected to the oil collecting pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ground processing apparatus further includes a liquid metering device for metering the amount of the oil liquid conveyed to the oil collecting pipeline, a liquid inlet of the liquid metering device is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary oil-gas separating device, the liquid outlet of the secondary oil-gas separating device, the liquid outlet of the desulfurizing device, and the liquid outlet of the cooler, respectively, and a liquid outlet of the liquid metering device is connected to the oil collecting pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ground processing apparatus further includes a gas metering device for metering the discharged gas, a gas inlet of the gas metering device is connected to a gas outlet of the desulfurization device, a gas outlet of the gas metering device is connected to the tail gas ignition device, and a gas inlet of the gas metering device is further connected to a gas outlet of the liquid metering device.
From the above, the oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system has the characteristics and advantages that:
one, some firearm is along with first heat insulating pipe goes into down to annotating hot well oil shale layer, the inside of first heat insulating pipe is provided with the ignition cable of being connected with some firearm, it is linked together with the inside of first heat insulating pipe to be located subaerial nitrogen system device, the gas injection hole in confession nitrogen gas output to annotating hot well is seted up to the bottom of first heat insulating pipe, when needs bottom hole heating, start nitrogen system device, carry nitrogen gas to annotating hot well oil shale layer along first heat insulating pipe, heat and pour into the stratum into to nitrogen gas through some firearm, the realization is to the heating of oil shale, satisfy the development requirement of end well boiled oil shale, the heat supply is stable, the operation degree of difficulty is low, the security is high, effectively improve heating efficiency, reduce the injury to the stratum.
Secondly, the underground oil extraction device can be matched with the underground heating device for use, the oil well pump is arranged in an oil shale layer in the extraction well along with a second heat insulation pipe, a sucker rod connected with the oil well pump is arranged in the second heat insulation pipe, the extraction well is communicated with a heat injection well in the underground heating device through formation pores and cracks, nitrogen in the heat injection well is conducted into the extraction well along the formation pores and the cracks and is continuously displaced into the extraction well along with the movement of nitrogen airflow and is discharged to the ground, in addition, after the oil shale flows through the channel and is heated by nitrogen, the low-maturity oil shale is thermally cracked to generate oil and gas, under the action of the pressure difference between the heat injection well and the extraction well, the low-maturity oil shale cracked oil and gas products flow into the extraction well, thereby not only meeting the lifting requirement of oil, and can guarantee that the nitrogen gas that lets in the heat injection well is discharged smoothly, the production operation of being convenient for, with low costs, be suitable for and use widely.
Three, carry out the two-stage separation to the gas in the fluid of producing, carry out the initial gross gas that thoughtlessly goes on in to fluid through one-level oil-gas separation device, remaining a small amount of moisture is got rid of in fluid to rethread second grade oil-gas separation device, guarantees the abundant separation of oil gas, and the gas of isolating moreover carries out desulfurization treatment through desulphurization unit, purifies fully, avoids causing the pollution to the environment.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention is a structural schematic diagram of an underground heating device in the oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system.
FIG. 2: the invention is a schematic structural diagram of an underground oil extraction device in an oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system.
FIG. 3: the invention is a structural schematic diagram of a ground processing device in an oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system.
The reference numbers in the invention are:
1. a first insulating tube; 2. A coiled tubing;
3. a nitrogen making device; 4. An igniter;
5. a floral tube; 6. A first packer;
7. monitoring the cable; 8. A centralizer;
9. a sealer; 10. A blowout preventer;
11. a winch; 12. A gooseneck bracket;
13. a first sleeve; 14. An oil shale layer;
15. monitoring a controller; 16. A second insulating tube;
17. a sucker rod; 18. A second packer;
19. an oil well pump; 20. A second sleeve;
21. a pumping unit; 22. A first-stage oil-gas separation device;
23. a cooler; 24. A secondary oil-gas separation device;
25. a desulfurization unit; 26. A liquid metering device;
27. an exhaust gas ignition device; 100. A downhole heating device;
200. a downhole oil production device; 300. A ground processing device.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system, which comprises a downhole heating device 100, a downhole oil production device 200 and a surface processing device 300, wherein:
the downhole heating device 100 comprises a first insulated pipe 1 located inside the heat injection well and a nitrogen making device 3 for delivering nitrogen gas into the heat injection well, wherein: the first heat insulation pipe 1 is arranged in the heat injection well along the vertical direction, the top end of the first heat insulation pipe 1 is fixed at the wellhead of the heat injection well, the bottom end of the first heat insulation pipe 1 is provided with an igniter 4, the igniter 4 is arranged in the oil shale layer 14 in the heat injection well along with the first heat insulation pipe 1, and an ignition cable connected with the igniter 4 is arranged inside the first heat insulation pipe 1; the nitrogen gas delivery outlet of nitrogen generator 3 is linked together with the inside of first heat insulating pipe 1, and a plurality of gas injection holes (not shown) have been seted up to the bottom of first heat insulating pipe 1, and nitrogen generator 3 carries nitrogen gas in to first heat insulating pipe 1, and nitrogen gas discharges to heat injection well oil shale layer 14 through each gas injection hole after the heating of some firearm 4 to reach the mesh of downhole heating.
The underground oil extraction device 200 comprises a second heat insulation pipe 16, the second heat insulation pipe 16 is arranged in the extraction well along the vertical direction, the top end of the second heat insulation pipe 16 is fixed at the wellhead of the extraction well, an oil well pump 19 is arranged at the bottom end of the second heat insulation pipe 16, the oil well pump 19 goes into an oil shale layer 14 in the extraction well along with the second heat insulation pipe 16, a sucker rod 17 is arranged in the second heat insulation pipe 16 along the vertical direction, the top end of the sucker rod 17 is connected with an oil pumping unit 21 on the ground, and the bottom end of the sucker rod 17 is connected with the oil well pump 19; the production well is communicated with the heat injection well in the underground heating device through formation pores and cracks.
Ground processing apparatus 300 includes one-level oil-gas separation device 22, second grade oil-gas separation device 24 and desulphurization unit 25, and one-level oil-gas separation device 22 is arranged in separating the gas of mixing in the fluid, and second grade oil-gas separation device 24 is arranged in getting rid of remaining moisture in the fluid, and desulphurization unit 25 is arranged in getting gaseous the sulphur impurity that contains of separation and gets rid of, wherein: a liquid inlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device 22 is connected with the second heat insulation pipe 16 in the underground oil production device, a gas outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device 22 is connected with a gas inlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device 24, a gas outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device 24 is connected with a gas inlet of the desulfurization device 25, and a gas outlet of the desulfurization device 25 is connected with the tail gas ignition device 27; the liquid outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device 22, the liquid outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device 24 and the liquid outlet of the desulfurization device 25 are connected with an oil collecting pipeline.
According to the invention, the igniter 4 is lowered into the oil shale layer 14 in the heat injection well along with the first heat insulation pipe 1, the ignition cable connected with the igniter 4 is arranged in the first heat insulation pipe 1, the nitrogen making device 3 positioned on the ground is communicated with the inside of the first heat insulation pipe 1, the bottom of the first heat insulation pipe 1 is provided with a gas injection hole for outputting nitrogen into the heat injection well, when the bottom of the well is required to be heated, the nitrogen making device is started to convey nitrogen to the oil shale layer 14 in the heat injection well along the first heat insulation pipe 1, the nitrogen is heated and injected into the stratum through the igniter 4, the oil shale is heated, the development requirement of low-medium-maturity oil shale is met, the heat supply is stable, the operation difficulty is low, the safety is high, the heating efficiency is effectively improved, and the damage to the stratum is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a first sleeve 13 is arranged in the heat injection well, the first heat insulation pipe 1 is arranged in the first sleeve 13, a first packer 6 for packing an annular space between the first heat insulation pipe 1 and the first sleeve 13 is arranged between the outer wall of the first heat insulation pipe 1 and the inner wall of the first sleeve 13, and the first packer 6 is located above the igniter 4. Through the setting of first packer 6, can guarantee 6 top annuluses low temperature, the low pressure of first packer, improve the security of operation, avoid the high temperature to cause the harm to sleeve pipe and well head.
Further, the first packer 6 is a high-temperature-resistant heat injection downhole packer.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a perforated pipe 5 is connected to the bottom end of the first insulating pipe 1, and each gas injection hole is opened in the perforated pipe 5.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the first insulating pipe 1 is composed of multiple sections connected in sequence, a centralizer 8 is disposed between two adjacent sections of the first insulating pipe 1, and the two adjacent sections of the first insulating pipe 1 are fixed by the centralizer 8, so as to ensure the stability of the connection.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the downhole heating device further comprises a coiled tubing 2, the ignition cable is located inside the coiled tubing 2, one end of the coiled tubing 2 passes through the inside of the first insulated tubing 1 and extends to the bottom end of the first insulated tubing 1, and the other end of the coiled tubing 2 is located on the ground and connected to a winch 11, and the ignition cable is shielded by the coiled tubing 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a gooseneck bracket 12 is fixedly arranged above the wellhead of the heat injection well, the coiled tubing 2 positioned above the wellhead is erected on the gooseneck bracket 12, and the gooseneck bracket 12 is used for supporting the coiled tubing 2.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a sealer 9 and a blowout preventer 10 are arranged at the wellhead of the heat injection well, the bottom of the blowout preventer 10 is connected with the top end of the first insulated pipe 1, the bottom of the sealer 9 is connected with the top of the blowout preventer 10, and the continuous pipe 2 passes through the sealer 9 and the blowout preventer 10 in sequence and extends into the interior of the first insulated pipe 1. The well mouth is protected through the sealer 9 and the blowout preventer 10, so that the coiled tubing 2 can be taken off at any time, and safety and reliability are guaranteed.
Further, the sealer 9 is a high temperature and high pressure resistant sealer, and the blowout preventer 10 is a high temperature resistant blowout preventer.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the nitrogen gas outlet of the nitrogen generator 3 communicates with the inside of the first heat insulating pipe 1 through a sealer 9.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the downhole heating device further comprises a monitoring cable 7, the monitoring cable 7 passing through each centralizer 8 and extending to the bottom end of the first insulated pipe 1, the monitoring cable 7 being electrically connected to a monitoring controller 15 located on the surface. Each centralizer 8 plays spacing effect to monitoring cable 7, at the operation in-process, gathers nitrogen gas temperature in the heat injection well through monitoring cable 7 to in the signal output to the monitoring control ware 15 on ground that will gather, so that the staff knows downhole heating temperature in real time.
Further, the monitoring cable 7 is a high temperature resistant monitoring cable.
Further, the oil pump 19 is a high temperature resistant multifunctional pump.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, a second casing 20 is provided in the production well, the second insulating pipe 16 is lowered into the second casing 20, a second packer 18 for sealing off an annulus between the second insulating pipe 16 and the second casing 20 is provided between the outer wall of the second insulating pipe 16 and the inner wall of the second casing 20, and the second packer 18 is located above the pump 19.
Further, the second packer 18 is a high temperature resistant production downhole packer.
In an optional embodiment of the invention, the downhole oil production device further comprises a sample taking barrel and/or a testing rod, and the sample taking barrel and/or the testing rod are/is lowered into the production well through a multifunctional pry on the ground. During the operation, the produced sample can be fished through the sampling fishing barrel so as to analyze the produced sample, and parameters (such as temperature, pressure, flow, water content and the like) of the produced well can be monitored through the testing rod.
Furthermore, the multifunctional pry can be an existing prying device, and the sample barrel and/or the test rod can be fished down and fished up.
According to the invention, a large amount of gas mixed in oil is primarily separated through the primary oil-gas separation device 22, and a small amount of moisture remained in the oil is removed through the secondary oil-gas separation device 24, so that the oil and gas are fully separated, and the separated gas is subjected to desulfurization treatment through the desulfurization device 25, so that the full purification is realized, and the environmental pollution is avoided.
Further, the primary oil-gas separation device 22 may be, but is not limited to, a horizontal oil-gas separator.
Further, the secondary oil-gas separation device 24 may be, but is not limited to, a vertical oil-gas separator.
Further, the desulfurization unit 25 may employ, but is not limited to, a desulfurization tower. The desulfurizer 25 may be provided in plurality.
Further, the tail gas ignition device 27 may be, but is not limited to, a tail gas incinerator.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a cooler 23 is disposed between the first-stage oil-gas separation device 22 and the second-stage oil-gas separation device 24, an air inlet of the cooler 23 is connected to an air outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device 22, an air outlet of the cooler 23 is connected to an air inlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device 24, and an oil outlet of the cooler 23 is connected to an oil collection pipeline. The temperature of the gas is reduced by a cooler 23 to remove water vapor mixed in the gas.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the downhole heating device further includes a liquid metering device 26, a liquid inlet of the liquid metering device 26 is connected to a liquid outlet of the primary oil-gas separation device 22, a liquid outlet of the secondary oil-gas separation device 24, a liquid outlet of the desulfurization device 25, and a liquid outlet of the cooler 23, respectively, a liquid outlet of the liquid metering device 26 is connected to the oil collecting pipeline, and the amount of the oil liquid delivered to the oil collecting pipeline is metered by the liquid metering device 26.
Further, the liquid metering device 26 may be, but is not limited to, a liquid metering pump.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the downhole heating device further comprises a gas metering device (not shown), wherein a gas inlet of the gas metering device is connected with a gas outlet of the desulfurization device 25, a gas outlet of the gas metering device is connected with the tail gas ignition device 27, and a gas inlet of the gas metering device is further connected with a gas outlet of the liquid metering device 26, and the discharged gas is metered by the gas metering device.
Further, the gas metering device may employ, but is not limited to, a gas metering pump.
The working process of the downhole heating device 100 of the present invention is: when the bottom heating is needed, the nitrogen making device 3 on the ground is started, nitrogen is conveyed into the first heat insulation pipe 1 through the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen making device 3 and conveyed to the oil shale layer 14 in the heat injection well along the first heat insulation pipe 1, the igniter 4 is controlled to heat the flowing nitrogen, and the heated nitrogen is injected into the stratum. The temperature of the shaft bottom is collected in real time through the monitoring cable 7 in the heating process, and the parameter of the igniter 4 is adjusted to regulate and control the heating temperature so as to meet the requirement of the heating temperature and smoothly realize the heating of the oil shale.
The working process of the downhole oil extraction device 200 of the present invention is: the production well is communicated with a heat injection well in the underground heating device through stratum pores and cracks, nitrogen in the heat injection well is conducted into the production well along the stratum pores and the cracks and is continuously displaced into the production well along with the movement of nitrogen airflow and is discharged to the ground, the low-maturity oil shale is thermally cracked to generate oil and gas after flowing through a channel and being heated by the nitrogen, and the cracked oil and gas products of the low-maturity oil shale flow into the production well under the action of the pressure difference between the heat injection well and the production well. When the output of the production well is small, a sample fishing cylinder and/or a test rod can be put into the production well, the parameters of the production well can be monitored through the test rod, and a sample of the produced liquid can be fished through the sample fishing cylinder for analysis; when the output of the production well is large, the pumping unit 21 can be started, and the produced objects are lifted by the pumping unit 21, the sucker rod 17 and the oil well pump 19.
The working process of the ground processing device 300 in the invention is as follows: the produced materials reach the ground and then sequentially enter a first-stage oil-gas separation device 22 and a second-stage oil-gas separation device 24 along pipelines to realize gas-liquid separation, the separated oil liquid enters an oil collecting pipeline to realize metering storage after passing through a liquid metering device 26, and the separated gas is safely discharged to the outside after sequentially passing through a desulfurization device 25 and a tail gas ignition device 27.
The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system has the characteristics and advantages that:
the oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system can meet the development requirement of bottom-middle boiled oil shale, is stable in heat supply and low in operation difficulty, effectively improves heating efficiency, and reduces damage to strata.
The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system can monitor the temperature of the shaft bottom in real time through the monitoring cable 7, regulate and control the temperature through the igniter 4, facilitate the control of the heating process and ensure the smooth development of the oil shale.
Thirdly, the oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system is provided with the sealer 9 and the blowout preventer 10 at the wellhead of the heat injection well, so that the wellhead can be protected safely, and the coiled tubing 2 can be ensured to be taken off at any time, and safety and reliability are realized.
And fourthly, the extraction well in the oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system is communicated with the heat injection well through stratum pores and cracks, nitrogen in the heat injection well can be conducted into the extraction well, and is continuously displaced into the extraction well along with the movement of nitrogen airflow and is discharged to the ground.
Fifthly, this oil shale is annotated nitrogen gas thermal recovery system and is carried out the two-stage separation to the gas in the fluid of producing, carry out the initial gross gas that thoughtlessly goes on in to fluid through one-level oil-gas separation device 22, remaining a small amount of moisture is got rid of in fluid to rethread second grade oil-gas separation device 24, guarantee the abundant separation of oil gas, the gas of isolating moreover carries out desulfurization treatment through desulphurization unit, and light between gaseous outer arranging, purify fully, avoid causing the pollution to the environment.
The underground heating device 100, the underground oil extraction device 200 and the ground processing device 300 respectively correspond to three parts of a heat injection well process, an extraction well process and a ground processing process, and the three parts are used in a matched mode. During production, the nitrogen making device 3 is started, and the igniter 4 is turned on to enable nitrogen to be heated at the bottom of the well and then injected into the stratum to realize heating; lifting is realized by sample fishing and swabbing during extraction, and the test can be considered; the integrity of the pipe column is good, and the sealing of the oil sleeve annulus can be realized to protect the casing pipe; when the operation is stopped, only the nitrogen injection is stopped, the heating is stopped, and the continuous pipe 2 and the igniter 4 can be pulled out under pressure; the ground processing device 300 has a redundant function, thorough desulphurization and purification, can effectively avoid environmental pollution, and has good practicability.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. The thermal recovery system for injecting nitrogen into oil shale is characterized by comprising an underground heating device, an underground oil recovery device and a ground processing device,
the underground heating device comprises a first heat insulation pipe positioned in a heat injection well and a nitrogen making device for conveying nitrogen into the heat injection well, wherein an igniter is arranged on the first heat insulation pipe, the igniter descends to an oil shale layer in the heat injection well along with the first heat insulation pipe, an ignition cable connected with the igniter is arranged inside the first heat insulation pipe, a nitrogen output port of the nitrogen making device is communicated with the inside of the first heat insulation pipe, and a gas injection hole for outputting the nitrogen to the heat injection well is formed in the bottom of the first heat insulation pipe;
the underground oil extraction device comprises a second heat insulation pipe positioned in the extraction well, an oil well pump is arranged on the second heat insulation pipe, the oil well pump is arranged in the oil shale layer in the extraction well along with the second heat insulation pipe, a sucker rod connected with the oil well pump is arranged in the second heat insulation pipe, and the extraction well is communicated with the heat injection well through formation pores and cracks;
the ground treatment device comprises a first-stage oil-gas separation device for separating gas in oil and a second-stage oil-gas separation device for removing residual moisture in the oil, wherein a liquid inlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a second heat insulation pipe, a gas outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a gas inlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device, a gas outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a tail gas ignition device, and a liquid outlet of the first-stage oil-gas separation device is connected with a liquid outlet of the second-stage oil-gas separation device through an oil collection pipeline.
2. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 1, wherein the first insulating pipe is disposed in a vertical direction within the thermal injection well, a top end of the first insulating pipe is located at a wellhead of the thermal injection well, and the igniter is disposed at a bottom end of the first insulating pipe.
3. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 2, wherein a first packer is disposed between the first insulating tubing and a first casing located within the heat-injection well, and wherein the first packer is located above the igniter.
4. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 2, wherein the first insulating pipe is composed of a plurality of sections connected in sequence, and a centralizer is arranged between two adjacent sections of the first insulating pipe.
5. The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system of claim 2, wherein a perforated pipe is connected to a bottom end of the first insulating pipe, and the gas injection hole is opened on the perforated pipe.
6. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 1, wherein the downhole heating device further comprises a coiled tubing, the ignition cable is located inside the coiled tubing, one end of the coiled tubing passes through the inside of the first insulated tubing and extends to the bottom end of the first insulated tubing, and the other end of the coiled tubing is located on the surface and connected to a winch.
7. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 6, wherein a gooseneck bracket supporting the coiled tubing is disposed above a wellhead of the heat injection well.
8. The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system of claim 6, wherein a sealer and a blowout preventer are arranged at a wellhead of the thermal injection well, a bottom of the blowout preventer is connected with the first insulated pipe, a bottom of the sealer is connected with a top of the blowout preventer, and the continuous pipe sequentially passes through the sealer and the blowout preventer and extends into the interior of the first insulated pipe.
9. The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system of claim 8, wherein a nitrogen output port of the nitrogen plant is in communication with an interior of the first insulating pipe through the sealer.
10. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 1, wherein the downhole heating device further comprises a monitoring cable for monitoring the temperature of the nitrogen in the heat-injection well, and the monitoring cable is electrically connected with the monitoring controller.
11. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 1, wherein the second insulating pipe is arranged in a vertical direction in the production well, a top end of the second insulating pipe is located at a wellhead of the production well, and the oil pump is arranged at a bottom end of the second insulating pipe;
the top end of the sucker rod is connected with an above-ground oil pumping unit, and the bottom end of the sucker rod is connected with the oil pumping unit.
12. The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system of claim 11, wherein a second packer is disposed between the second insulating tubing and a second casing located within the production well, and the second packer is located above the pump.
13. The oil shale nitrogen-injected thermal recovery system of claim 12, wherein the downhole oil recovery device further comprises a sample taking barrel and/or a test rod, and the sample taking barrel and/or the test rod is lowered into the production well through a multifunctional pry on the ground.
14. The oil shale nitrogen injection thermal recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment device further comprises a desulfurization device for removing sulfur-containing impurities in oil, the desulfurization device is located between the secondary oil-gas separation device and the tail gas ignition device, an air inlet of the desulfurization device is connected with an air outlet of the secondary oil-gas separation device, and an air outlet of the desulfurization device is connected with an air inlet of the tail gas ignition device;
and the liquid outlet of the desulfurization device is connected with the oil collecting pipeline.
15. The nitrogen-injected thermal recovery system for oil shale as claimed in claim 14, wherein a cooler is arranged between the primary oil-gas separation device and the secondary oil-gas separation device, an air inlet of the cooler is connected with an air outlet of the primary oil-gas separation device, an air outlet of the cooler is connected with an air inlet of the secondary oil-gas separation device, and an air outlet of the cooler is connected with the oil collecting pipeline.
16. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 15, wherein the surface treatment device further comprises a liquid metering device for metering the amount of oil delivered to the oil collecting pipeline, a liquid inlet of the liquid metering device is connected to the liquid outlet of the primary oil-gas separation device, the liquid outlet of the secondary oil-gas separation device, the liquid outlet of the desulfurization device and the liquid outlet of the cooler, respectively, and a liquid outlet of the liquid metering device is connected to the oil collecting pipeline.
17. The oil shale nitrogen-injection thermal recovery system of claim 16, wherein the surface treatment device further comprises a gas metering device for metering the discharged gas, a gas inlet of the gas metering device is connected with a gas outlet of the desulfurization device, a gas outlet of the gas metering device is connected with the tail gas ignition device, and a gas inlet of the gas metering device is further connected with a gas outlet of the liquid metering device.
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| CN201496059U (en) * | 2009-06-27 | 2010-06-02 | 兰州海默科技股份有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation type well surveying device |
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| CN201496059U (en) * | 2009-06-27 | 2010-06-02 | 兰州海默科技股份有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation type well surveying device |
| US20160069170A1 (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2016-03-10 | Jinmin Zhao | Method and process for extracting shale oil and gas by fracturing and chemical retorting in oil shale in-situ vertical well |
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