CN114439393B - Blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of crushed soft coal seam - Google Patents
Blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of crushed soft coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN114439393B CN114439393B CN202111580880.0A CN202111580880A CN114439393B CN 114439393 B CN114439393 B CN 114439393B CN 202111580880 A CN202111580880 A CN 202111580880A CN 114439393 B CN114439393 B CN 114439393B
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000886569 Cyprogenia stegaria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011086 high cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/011—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
Abstract
The invention discloses a blowout prevention and dust drill slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal layer, which comprises an orifice tertiary blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drill slag transfer treatment system; wherein: the gas output port of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag outlet of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system and the sewage water outlet of the suction dust removal system are respectively connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system, and the gas output port of the drilling slag transferring and processing system is connected with the suction dust removal system. The whole system of the invention realizes closed-loop treatment of coal cinder and dust generated in drilling construction, plays a good role in dust removal of generated dust, transfers and treats large-particle coal dust drilling cinder, ensures that no gas, dust, sewage and the like are discharged from an operation drilling site, thereby greatly improving underground operation environment, reducing cleaning operation intensity and ensuring safe and efficient construction of high-pressure pneumatic directional drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine drilling, and particularly relates to a downhole pneumatic directional drilling blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for a crushed soft coal layer, which solves the problems of blowout prevention, dust removal and drilling slag treatment of a drilling hole opening of the crushed soft coal layer.
Background
Because the underground pneumatic directional drilling technology is limited by the geological conditions of the coal seam, the current hydraulic directional drilling technology cannot meet the drilling construction of the crushed soft coal seam, so that the underground pneumatic directional drilling technology is gradually popularized and applied; the technique is mainly used for the bedding drilling construction of the crushed soft coal layer. In the pneumatic directional drilling process, because the gas content of the coal bed is high and the pressure is high, a spray hole phenomenon often occurs, so that a large amount of coal dust and gas are sprayed out of the holes, and the gas at the holes is suddenly increased and seriously polluted by dust; and because the large-flow high-wind pressure or medium wind pressure is adopted for drilling, the gas flow rate of the gas containing a large amount of coal powder particles returned from the orifice is high, so that dust and gas are rapidly diffused around the orifice and even in the whole drilling site, and the construction environment is extremely bad. In addition, as the crushed soft coal layer is drilled to produce large slag drilling quantity, coal dust discharged from an orifice often cannot be cleaned in time, a large amount of dust is accumulated, the environment deterioration of a drilling site is further aggravated, the safety and the health of operators are affected, the construction is seriously affected, and the underground gas safety and high-efficiency treatment are not facilitated.
At present, various blowout preventers and dust collectors for compressed air drilling are commonly sleeved on a drill rod by simply using a rubber sealing gasket on an orifice device to play a sealing role, and the sealing gasket is quickly worn when the drill rod for soft coal such as a grooved drill rod, a triangular drill rod and the like rotates, so that the sealing effect is poor, and a large amount of orifice dust is easily diffused; the dust removing mode mainly comprises the forms of jet flow dust removing, spray dust removing and the like, has a certain effect on conventional low-pressure (generally less than or equal to 0.6 MPa) compressed air drilling, but has insufficient processing capacity for high-pressure (more than or equal to 1.2 MPa) high-speed air flow drilling, has poor adjustment and use reliability, can not timely process coal dust, and can not meet production requirements. In addition, dust, coal slime and sewage are all around in the underground drilling construction site, the environment is bad, and the labor intensity of manual cleaning is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal layer, so as to solve the problems of serious pollution and high cleaning labor intensity caused by the fact that dust, coal slime and sewage on a downhole drilling construction site cannot be timely treated in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal layer comprises a three-stage blowout prevention system for an orifice, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system; the gas output port of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag outlet of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system and the sewage water outlet of the suction dust removal system are respectively connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system, and the gas output port of the drilling slag transferring and processing system is connected with the suction dust removal system.
Further, the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe, a primary sealing device, a secondary sealing device and a rotary sealing device which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod of the pneumatic directional drilling tool; wherein the orifice pipe is connected with a primary sealing device; the primary sealing device is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe, and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device; the upper part of the primary sealing device is provided with a dust collection port, and the lower part of the primary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the secondary sealing device is of a four-way structure, the upper part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a dust collection port, and the lower part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the rear end of the secondary sealing device is connected with the rotary sealing device; the rotary sealing device is of a three-way structure, the lower end of the rotary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet, and the rear end of the slag outlet is provided with a rotary sealing structure.
Furthermore, the first-stage sealing device and the second-stage sealing device are internally provided with a sealing baffle plate with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket.
Further, the rotary sealing structure comprises a structural main body, wherein an end cover is arranged at the rear end of the structural main body, a spherical rubber core is arranged at the center of the structural main body, and thrust bearings are respectively arranged between the structural main body and the rear end of the slag hole and between the structural main body and the end cover; the inner wall of the main body of the structure is circumferentially provided with a rotating bearing, and a central through hole of the hemispherical rubber core is in interference fit with the drill rod; an annular sleeve is arranged in a cavity between the spherical rubber core and the rotating bearing and between the spherical rubber core and the thrust bearing at the rear end; inner bushings are respectively arranged in the cavities between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core and the thrust bearing and between the annular sleeve and the thrust bearing at the rear end; the rear end of the end cover is provided with a centralizing sleeve.
Further, the suction dust removing system comprises a suction dust removing fan, a connecting pipeline, a dust removing tank and a negative pressure connecting pipe; wherein:
the suction type dust removing fan comprises a suction end, an explosion-proof motor, a dust removing component and an exhaust end; the suction type dust removing fan is driven by the explosion-proof motor, and the suction end is respectively connected with dust suction openings of the primary sealing device and the secondary sealing device through two dust suction pipes; a water outlet is arranged below the outlet end of the suction type dust removing fan and is connected to the drilling slag transferring device through a fan water outlet pipe;
the exhaust end is connected with the dust removal tank through a connecting pipeline; a water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removal tank and is connected to a drill slag transferring and treating system through a water outlet pipe to drain the sewage in the dust removal tank; the dust removal tank body is provided with a connecting port with a valve, and the control port is connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connecting path.
Further, a horizontal screen is arranged in the dust removal tank, and a plurality of spray pipelines are arranged in the space above the screen in the dust removal tank; the upper part of the spraying pipeline is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe which is connected with the gas extraction negative pressure pipeline.
Further, the dust removing component comprises a high-pressure water pipe communicated with the inside of the suction type dust removing fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removing filter screen and a vibrating wire filter plate arranged in the inside of the suction type dust removing fan shell.
Further, the drilling slag transferring and treating system comprises a slag collecting box, a stirrer, a slag water transferring pump, a slag water transferring pipeline, a vibrating screen, a secondary sewage treating box, a slag slurry pump, a connecting pipe, a rotational flow mud removing device, a conveying belt, a drain pipe, a sewage pump, a sewage pipe and a water sump; wherein:
the slag collecting box is respectively connected with slag outlets of the primary sealing device, the secondary sealing device and the rotary sealing device through three slag outlet pipelines; the upper part of the slag collecting box is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe connected with high-pressure water, and a stirrer is arranged in the slag collecting box; the gas drainage interface arranged at the upper part of the slag collection box is connected with the dust removal tank through a negative pressure connecting pipe; two sewage connectors are arranged below the side surface of the slag collecting box, and one sewage connector is connected with a water outlet of the suction type dust removing fan through a fan water outlet pipe; the other sewage interface is connected with the dust removal tank through a drain pipe;
the lower part of the slag collecting box is provided with a slag discharging port connected with the suction end of a slag water transfer pump, the discharge end of the slag water transfer pump is connected with a slag water transfer pipeline, the slag water transfer pipeline is arranged along an underground roadway, the other end of the pipeline is connected to a vibrating screen, the vibrating screen is arranged on the upper part of a conveying belt of the underground roadway, and the solid output end of the vibrating screen is opposite to the conveying belt.
Further, the bottom exit linkage secondary sewage treatment case of shale shaker is equipped with electronic sediment stuff pump in the secondary sewage treatment case, and electronic sediment stuff pump passes through the input of connecting pipe connection whirl desilting device, and whirl desilting device mud mouth is just to the conveyer belt, and the outlet passes through drain pipe connection to the sump in the pit, is provided with the sewage pump in the sump in the pit, and the sewage pump is connected the blow off pipe.
Further, liquid level sensors are arranged in the slag collecting box, the secondary treatment box and the water sump, liquid level control switches are arranged in the slag water transfer pump, the slag slurry pump and the sewage pump, and the liquid level control switches are connected with the corresponding liquid level sensors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, a three-level blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drill slag transfer treatment system which are connected are designed; after the gas exhausted from the orifice is treated by the orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, the drilling slag and dust are respectively discharged to the drilling slag transferring treatment system and the suction dust removal system, the sewage of the suction dust removal system is also discharged to the drilling slag transferring treatment system, and the waste gas of the drilling slag transferring treatment system is sucked by the suction dust removal system. The whole system realizes closed-loop treatment of coal cinder and dust generated in drilling construction, plays a good dust removal role on the generated dust, transports and treats large-particle coal dust drilling cinder, ensures that no gas, dust, sewage and the like are discharged from an operation drilling site, thereby greatly improving underground operation environment, reducing cleaning operation intensity and ensuring safe and efficient construction of high-pressure pneumatic directional drilling.
(2) Through installing two-stage conventional seal and rotary seal from front to back in proper order on the drilling rod of pneumatic directional drilling tool for its sealed effectual, can effectively realize drilling blowout prevention, avoid gas and dust to spill over, guarantee the security and the health of drilling site constructor.
(3) The dust removal through suction type dust removal fan and dust removal jar and negative pressure dust removal, dust handling capacity is big, need not manual regulation, and dust removal effect is good, and greatly reduced dust harm overflows the gas in the hole and discharges simultaneously, guarantees construction safety.
(4) All drill slag generated in drilling construction is transferred and then treated through the drill slag transfer treatment system, so that the damage of dust emission of a drilling site is avoided, and the environment of the drilling site is improved; through mechanical treatment, manual shoveling and transferring are not needed, and labor intensity is greatly reduced.
(5) The pump used in the system adopts a liquid level control switch, and the pump automatically operates according to the height of the liquid level, so that manual monitoring and control are not needed; the dust removal fan is loaded and transported by the hydraulic crawler body, so that the dust removal fan is convenient to transport and use; compared with a jet flow treatment device, the large air volume treatment capacity of the dust removal fan is stable and reliable in operation treatment without manual adjustment.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the components of the system for preventing blowout and treating dust and slag in the drilling of crushed soft coal seam.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the primary seal and the secondary seal.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotary seal structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a vibrating wire filter plate.
Reference numerals meaning:
1-a primary sealing device; 2-secondary sealing means; 3-a rotary sealing device; 4-a drill rod; 5-orifice tube; 6-connecting a clamp; 7-a slag discharging pipe; 8-a slag collecting box; 9-a stirrer; 10-high pressure spray tube; 11-a negative pressure connecting pipe; 12-a dust collection pipe; 13-the suction end; 14-an explosion-proof motor; 15-a dust removal part; 16-an exhaust end; 17-a dust removal fan crawler body; 18-a fan drain pipe; 19-connecting pipelines; 20-a dust removal tank; 21-a screen; 22-spraying pipeline; 23-negative pressure connecting pipes; 24-gas extraction pipe; 25-drainage pipe; 26-a slag water transfer pump; 27-a slag water transfer pipeline; 28-a vibrating screen; 29-a secondary sewage treatment tank; 30-a slurry pump; 31-connecting pipes; 32-a rotational flow mud removing device; 33-a conveyor belt; 34-a drain pipe; 35-a sewage pump; 36-sewer pipe; 37-water bin; 101-sealing a baffle; 102-an annular gasket; 151-high pressure water pipe; 152-vibrating wire filter plates; 301-a structural body; 302-a rotating bearing; 303-thrust bearing; 304-end caps; 305-righting sleeve; 306-an annular sleeve; 307-inner liner; 308-spherical rubber cores; 309-connection terminal.
The details of the invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses an anti-blowout and dust drill slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal layer. The device comprises an orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drill slag transferring and processing system.
Referring to fig. 1, the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe 5, a primary sealing device 1, a secondary sealing device 2 and a rotary sealing device 3 which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod 4 of a pneumatic directional drilling tool.
The orifice tube 5 is connected to the primary seal 1 by a connector clip 6. The primary sealing device 1 is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe 5, and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device 2 by adopting a connecting clamp 6; the upper part of the primary sealing device 1 is provided with a dust collection opening, and the lower part is provided with a slag outlet. Preferably, a bushing (made of metal, preferably copper) is arranged inside the orifice tube 5 to avoid direct friction between the orifice tube 5 and the drill rod 4;
referring to fig. 2, specifically, a sealing baffle 101 with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket 102 are disposed in the primary sealing device 1, and the annular sealing gasket 102 is made of wear-resistant materials, such as wear-resistant rubber; the inner diameter of the annular sealing gasket 102 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, and the sealing gasket plays a role in sealing. The rear end cover plate of the primary sealing device 1 is of a buckle type structure, the annular sealing gasket 102 is mounted, the rear end cover is covered, the buckle is buckled along the periphery, and the sealing gasket can be effectively pressed and fixed.
The structure of the secondary sealing device 2 is the same as that of the primary sealing device 1, and is also of a four-way structure, the front end of the secondary sealing device 2 is connected with the rear end cover of the primary sealing device 1 through a clamp 6, the upper end of the secondary sealing device 2 is also a dust collection port, and the lower end of the secondary sealing device is a slag outlet; the rear end of the secondary sealing device 2 is connected with the rotary sealing device 3, the internal sealing structure of the secondary sealing device 2 is the same as that of the primary sealing device 1, a baffle and an annular wear-resistant rubber sealing gasket are also arranged, and the inner diameter of the sealing gasket is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod, so that the sealing effect is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1, the rotary sealing device 3 has a three-way structure, a connecting end 309 at the front end is connected with the secondary sealing device 2 through a clamp 6, and a slag hole is formed at the lower end of the rotary sealing device 3; the rear end of the slag outlet of the rotary sealing device 3 is provided with a rotary sealing structure.
Referring to fig. 3, as a preferred implementation manner of the present invention, the rotary sealing structure includes a main structure body 301, an end cover 304 is disposed at the rear end of the main structure body 301, a spherical rubber core 308 is disposed at the center of the main structure body 301, and thrust bearings 303 are disposed between the main structure body 301 and the rear end of the slag hole and between the main structure body and the end cover 304, respectively, so as to bear axial force; the inner wall of the structural main body 301 is circumferentially provided with a rotary bearing 302 for rotation, the middle part of the structural main body 301 is provided with a hemispherical rubber core 308 (preferably made of wear-resistant rubber material), the center of the structural main body is provided with a through hole, the inner diameter of the through hole is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, and the through hole is in interference fit with the drill rod 4; an annular sleeve 306 is arranged in the cavity between the spherical rubber core 308 and the rotating bearing 302 and between the spherical rubber core 308 and the thrust bearing 303 at the rear end, and the annular sleeve 306 is used for wrapping the circumference and the rear end of the spherical rubber core 308; an inner bushing 307 is provided in the cavity between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the thrust bearing 303 and between the annular sleeve 306 and the thrust bearing 303 at the rear end, respectively, for filling the space around the hemispherical rubber core 308. Preferably, the rear end of the end cap 304 is fitted with a centralizing sleeve 305, preferably of copper material, having an inner diameter slightly greater than the outer diameter of the drill pipe 4. In the above technical solution, after the rear end of the main structure body 301 is pressed by the end cover 304, the hemispherical rubber core 308 is extruded and deformed, and tightly holds the drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, so as to play a role in sealing. When the drill rod 4 rotates, friction force between the drill rod 4 and the hemispherical rubber core 308 drives the center hemispherical rubber core 308, the inner bushing 307 and the annular sleeve 306 to integrally rotate in the structure main body 301 along with the drill rod 4 due to the action of the rotary bearing 302 of the rotary sealing device 3, so that a rotary sealing effect is achieved; when the drill rod 4 moves forward or backward from the outside of the drill hole, the thrust bearing 303 bears axial force, the rotary sealing device 3 bears axial friction force between the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, axial relative displacement exists between the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, only the drill rod 4 moves forward and backward, the hemispherical rubber core 308 plays a sealing role, and the structural main body 301 and the end cover 304 do not move back and forth along with the drill rod 4. The centralizing sleeve 305 has centralizing effect on the drill rod 4.
The suction dust removing system comprises a suction dust removing fan, a connecting pipeline 19, a dust removing tank 20 and a negative pressure connecting pipe 23.
Referring to fig. 1, the suction type dust removing fan includes a suction end 13, an explosion-proof motor 14, a dust removing part 15, and an exhaust end 16.
Preferably, the suction type dust removing fan is integrally arranged on a downhole common carrier, namely a hydraulic crawler body 17, and is loaded and transported by the hydraulic crawler body 17, and the crawler is driven by an explosion-proof motor to drive a hydraulic pump to work so as to drive the crawler to walk; the suction type dust removing fan is driven by an explosion-proof motor 14, and the suction end 13 is respectively connected with dust suction openings of the primary sealing device 1 and the secondary sealing device 2 through two dust suction pipes 12; preferably, the dust removing component comprises a high-pressure water pipe 151 communicated with the inside of the suction type dust removing fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removing filter screen and a vibrating wire filter plate 152 arranged in the inside of the suction type dust removing fan shell, wherein the high-pressure water pipe 151 is connected with underground static pressure water, and the size of high-pressure water flow is controlled through a valve; preferably, the filter screen is a steel wire screen, and referring to fig. 4, a frame is arranged around the vibrating wire filter plate 152, and stainless steel wires are installed in the frame. A drain is provided below the outlet end of the suction dust removal blower, which drain is connected to the drill slag transfer device through a blower drain pipe 18. Under the above structure, the high pressure water entering the high pressure water pipe 151 forms spray inside the blower housing through the nozzle, and the spray is mixed with the dust-containing air flow flowing into the housing from the suction end 13; the spray flows to the dust removal filter screen and vibrating wire filter plate 152, the water curtain causes the dust to wet and increase weight and stay behind, then the dust descends along with the water flow, and the water outlet flows the sewage into the slag collecting box 8 of the drilling slag transferring and treating system along the fan drain pipe 18.
The exhaust end 16 of the dust removal fan is connected with a dust removal tank 20 through a connecting pipeline 19. Preferably, a horizontal screen 21 is arranged in the dust removal tank 20, and a plurality of spray pipelines 22 are arranged in the space above the screen 21 in the dust removal tank 20 to cover the whole plane range; the upper part of the spraying pipeline 22 is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe 23 which is connected, 2-3 negative pressure connecting pipes 23 or more can be arranged according to the negative pressure and pipeline thickness, the negative pressure connecting pipe 23 is connected with an original underground gas extraction negative pressure pipeline 24, and residual gas containing gas is sucked away through the gas extraction negative pressure pipeline 24.
A water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removal tank 20 and is connected to a drill slag transferring and treating system through a water outlet pipe 25 to drain the sewage in the dust removal tank 20; the dust removal tank 20 is provided with a connecting port with a valve, and the control port is connected with the drill slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connecting path 11 and is used for sucking the analyzed gas in the drill slag transferring and processing system into the dust removal tank 20 and then discharging the analyzed gas through a negative pressure pipeline 24.
The drilling slag transferring and treating system comprises a slag collecting box 8, a stirrer 9, a slag water transferring pump 26, a slag water transferring pipeline 27, a vibrating screen 28, a secondary sewage treatment box 29, a slag slurry pump 30, a connecting pipe 31, a rotational flow mud removing device 32, a conveying belt 33, a drain pipe 34, a sewage pump 35, a sewage pipe 36 and a water sump 37. Wherein:
the slag collecting box 8 is respectively connected with slag outlets of the primary sealing device 1, the secondary sealing device 2 and the rotary sealing device 3 through three slag outlet pipelines 7; the upper part of the slag collecting box 8 is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe 10 which is connected with high-pressure water, the slag collecting box 8 is internally provided with a stirrer 9 which is pneumatic or electric and is used for stirring, mixing and crushing liquid entering coal slag from the slag discharging pipe 7 and respectively converging from the high-pressure spray pipe 10, a dust removing fan drain pipe 18 and a dust removing tank drain pipe 25.
The gas drainage interface arranged at the upper part of the slag collecting box 8 is connected with the dust removing tank 20 through a negative pressure connecting pipe 11, and gas is analyzed from coal slag in the slag collecting box 8 and is discharged through the pipeline through the dust removing tank 20 and then to a gas drainage negative pressure pipe 24. Two sewage interfaces are arranged below the side surface of the slag collecting box 8, one sewage interface is connected with a water outlet of a suction type dust removing fan through a fan water outlet pipe 18, and most of sewage generated by dust removal in the dust removing fan is collected into the slag collecting box 8 through the fan water outlet pipe 18; the other sewage connection is connected to the dust tank 20 via a drain pipe 25, so that the sewage generated by spraying in the dust tank 20 is also collected in the slag collection box 8.
The lower part of the slag collecting box 8 is provided with a slag discharging port which is connected with the suction end of the slag water transfer pump 26, the discharge end of the slag water transfer pump 26 is connected with a slag water transfer pipeline 27, the slag water transfer pipeline 27 is arranged along an underground roadway, the other end of the slag water transfer pipeline is connected with a vibrating screen 28, the vibrating screen 28 is arranged on the upper part of a conveying belt 33 of the underground roadway, and the solid output end of the vibrating screen 28 is opposite to the conveying belt 33; preferably, the bottom outlet of the vibrating screen 28 is connected with a secondary sewage treatment tank 29, an electric slurry pump 30 is arranged in the secondary sewage treatment tank 29, the electric slurry pump 30 is connected with the input end of a rotational flow mud removing device 32 through a connecting pipe 31, the mud discharging port of the rotational flow mud removing device 32 is opposite to a conveying belt 33, a water discharging port is connected to an underground water bin 37 through a water discharging pipe 34, a sewage pump 35 is arranged in the underground water bin 37, and the sewage pump 35 is connected with a sewage discharging pipe 36. In the above scheme, the slurry water transfer pump 26 discharges the slurry water mixed slurry water to the vibrating screen 28 through the slurry water transfer pipeline 27, the slurry water mixed slurry water is filtered and screened by the vibrating screen 28, the separated coal slag is conveyed to the conveying belt 33 by the vibrating screen 28, the slurry water filtered and separated at the bottom of the vibrating screen 28 flows through the secondary sewage treatment tank 29, the electric slurry water mixed slurry water flowing into the treatment tank is conveyed to the cyclone mud removing device 32 through the connecting pipe 31 for cyclone centrifugal treatment by the electric slurry water pump 30 arranged in the secondary sewage treatment tank 29, the coal mud discharged from the mud discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device 32 and the coal slag discharged from the vibrating screen 28 are conveyed to the conveying belt 33 together, the discharged sewage water from the water discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device 32 flows to the underground water bin 37 through the drain pipe 34, and is discharged through the drain pipe 36 under the action of the sewage pump 35.
Referring to fig. 1, the system of the present invention specifically works as follows:
high-pressure gas enters a drill hole through a pneumatic directional drilling tool, high-speed air flow carries pulverized coal to return to an orifice along an annular gap between the drilling tool and a hole wall, the pulverized coal flows to a primary sealing device 1 through an orifice pipe 5, most of gas and fine dust enter the dust collection fan through a suction pipe 12 connected with a dust suction port at the upper part under the negative pressure effect of the dust collection fan, the sucked dust and spray generate liquid drops to be mixed and fall under the action of a dust collection filter screen of a dust collection component 15 and a vibrating wire filter plate 152, and dust collection generated sewage flows into a slag collection box 8 through a fan drain pipe 18 along a fan drain outlet. Large-particle coal slag contained in the wind flow flows into a slag collecting box 8 through a slag outlet of the primary sealing device 1 through a slag outlet pipe 7. The gas processed by the dust removing fan enters the dust removing tank 20 through the exhaust end 16, and after the dust removing treatment is further carried out through the filter screen 21 and the spray pipeline 22 in the dust removing tank 20, the residual gas enters the gas extraction pipe 24 through the negative pressure connecting pipe 23. The sewage generated by the spray and dust in the dust removing tank 20 flows into the slag collecting box 8 through the drain pipe 25.
After passing through the primary sealing device 1, due to the influence of tightness and processing capacity, a small part of dust, coal cinder and gas enter the secondary sealing device 2, small-particle coal cinder contained in the air flow flows into the slag collecting box 8 through the slag outlet of the secondary sealing device 2 through the slag outlet pipe 7, and the gas and the dust enter the dust removing tank 20 after being processed by the dust removing fan and finally enter the gas extraction pipeline.
A very small amount of dust and gas enters the rotary sealing device 3 and falls into the slag collecting box 8 through the slag discharging pipe 7. The spherical rubber core 308 in the rotary sealing device is extruded and deformed to tightly hold the drill rod 4, and under the action of circumferential friction force between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, the drill rod drives the spherical rubber core 308, the inner bushing 306 and the annular sleeve 307 to integrally rotate together, and the structural main body 301 does not rotate along with the drill rod 4 due to the existence of the rotating bearing 302; when the drill rod 4 moves back and forth, the rotary sealing device 3 bears axial friction force between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4 due to the thrust bearing 303, and axial relative displacement exists between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, namely the drill rod 4 moves back and forth, and the structural main body 301 and the end cover 304 do not move back and forth.
After entering the slag collecting box 8, the large-particle coal slag is mixed with water flowing in through the high-pressure spray pipe 10, the fan drain pipe 18 and the drain pipe 25 of the dust removal tank 20, and is uniformly mixed and fully crushed under the stirring action of the blades of the stirrer 9. The gas analyzed in the slag collecting box 8 enters the dust removing tank 20 through the negative pressure connecting pipe 11, and is pumped out through the negative pressure connecting pipe 23 by the gas pumping pipe 24.
The water-coal mixed slurry in the slag collecting box 8 is transported to a vibrating screen 28 on a roadway belt conveyor 33 from a drilling site through a slag water transporting pump 26 and a slag water transporting pipeline 27, large-particle coal slag is transported to a transporting belt 33 to be taken away after being processed by the vibrating screen, the residual slurry flows into a secondary treatment box 29, is transported to a rotational flow mud removing device 32 through a slag slurry pump 30 and a connecting pipe 31, is subjected to rotational flow centrifugal treatment, coal slime and coal slag at the vibrating screen are transported to the belt conveyor 33 together to be transported away, and the processed slurry flows to a water bin 37 through a drainage pipeline 34 and is discharged through a drainage pipe 36 by a drainage pump 35.
Preferably, the electric water pumps adopted by the systems comprise a slag water transfer pump 26, a slag slurry pump 30 and a sewage pump 35, wherein the liquid level control switches are respectively arranged and connected with liquid level sensors arranged in pumping containers of the pumps, the liquid level positions of the slag collecting tank 8, the secondary treatment tank 29 and the water sump 37 are respectively identified through the liquid level sensors, when the liquid level reaches a preset liquid level height, the switches are started, and the water pumps respectively start to work and operate; when the liquid level drops to a certain height, the switch is turned off and stopped, and the water pump stops working and running. By adopting the setting, the motor pump can automatically run according to actual needs, and manual monitoring and operation are not needed.
Claims (6)
1. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam is characterized by comprising an orifice tertiary blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system; wherein: the gas output port of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag outlet of the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system and the sewage water outlet of the suction dust removal system are respectively connected with the drill slag transferring and processing system, and the gas output port of the drill slag transferring and processing system is connected with the suction dust removal system;
the orifice tertiary blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe (5), a primary sealing device (1), a secondary sealing device (2) and a rotary sealing device (3) which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod (4) of a pneumatic directional drilling tool; wherein: the orifice pipe (5) is connected with the primary sealing device (1); the primary sealing device (1) is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe 5, and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device (2); the upper part of the primary sealing device (1) is provided with a dust collection port, and the lower part of the primary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the secondary sealing device (2) is of a four-way structure, the upper part of the secondary sealing device (2) is provided with a dust collection port, and the lower part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the rear end of the secondary sealing device (2) is connected with a rotary sealing device (3); the rotary sealing device (3) is of a three-way structure, a slag outlet is formed in the lower end of the rotary sealing device (3), and a rotary sealing structure is arranged at the rear end of the slag outlet;
the rotary sealing structure comprises a structural main body (301), wherein an end cover (304) is arranged at the rear end of the structural main body (301), a spherical rubber core (308) is arranged at the center of the structural main body (301), and thrust bearings (303) are respectively arranged between the structural main body (301) and the rear end of the slag hole and between the structural main body and the end cover (304); a rotating bearing (302) is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the structural main body (301), a hemispherical rubber core (308) is arranged in the middle of the structural main body (301), and a central through hole of the hemispherical rubber core is in interference fit with the drill rod (4); an annular sleeve (306) is arranged in a cavity between the spherical rubber core (308) and the rotating bearing (302) and between the spherical rubber core (308) and the thrust bearing (303) at the rear end; inner bushings (307) are respectively arranged in the cavities between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core (308) and the thrust bearing (303) and between the annular sleeve (306) and the thrust bearing (303) at the rear end; the rear end of the end cover (304) is provided with a centralizing sleeve (305);
the suction dust removal system comprises a suction dust removal fan, a connecting pipeline (19), a dust removal tank (20) and a negative pressure connecting pipe (23); wherein: the suction type dust removing fan comprises a suction end (13), an explosion-proof motor (14), a dust removing component (15) and an exhaust end (16); the suction type dust removing fan is driven by an explosion-proof motor (14), and the suction end (13) is respectively connected with dust suction openings of the primary sealing device (1) and the secondary sealing device (2) through two dust suction pipes (12); a water outlet is arranged below the outlet end of the suction type dust removing fan and is connected to a drilling slag transferring device through a fan water outlet pipe (18); the exhaust end (16) is connected with a dust removal tank (20) through a connecting pipeline (19); a water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removal tank (20), and is connected to a drill slag transferring and treating system through a water outlet pipe (25) to drain the sewage in the dust removal tank (20); a connecting port with a valve is arranged on the tank body of the dust removal tank (20), and the control port is connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connecting path (11);
the drilling slag transferring and treating system comprises a slag collecting box (8), a stirrer (9), a slag water transferring pump (26), a slag water transferring pipeline (27), a vibrating screen (28), a secondary sewage treatment box (29), a slag slurry pump (30), a connecting pipe (31), a rotational flow mud removing device (32), a conveying belt (33), a drain pipe (34), a sewage pump (35), a sewage pipe (36) and a water sump (37); wherein:
the slag collecting box (8) is respectively connected with slag outlets of the primary sealing device (1), the secondary sealing device (2) and the rotary sealing device (3) through three slag outlet pipelines (7); the upper part of the slag collecting box (8) is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe (10) connected with high-pressure water, and a stirrer (9) is arranged in the slag collecting box (8); the gas drainage interface arranged at the upper part of the slag collection box (8) is connected with the dust removal tank (20) through a negative pressure connecting pipe (11); two sewage connectors are arranged below the side surface of the slag collecting box (8), and one sewage connector is connected with a water outlet of a suction type dust removing fan through a fan water outlet pipe (18); the other sewage interface is connected with the dust removal tank (20) through a drain pipe (25);
the lower part of the slag collecting box (8) is provided with a slag discharging port which is connected with the suction end of the slag water transfer pump (26), the discharge end of the slag water transfer pump (26) is connected with a slag water transfer pipeline (27), the slag water transfer pipeline (27) is arranged along an underground roadway, the other end of the slag water transfer pipeline is connected to a vibrating screen (28), the vibrating screen (28) is arranged on the upper part of a conveying belt (33) of the underground roadway, and the solid output end of the vibrating screen (28) is aligned to the conveying belt (33).
2. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the primary sealing device (1) and the secondary sealing device (2) are internally provided with a sealing baffle plate (101) with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket (102); the inner diameter of the central through hole of the annular sealing gasket (102) is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod (4) of the pneumatic directional drilling tool.
3. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal screen (21) is arranged in the dust removal tank (20), and a plurality of spray pipelines (22) are arranged in the dust removal tank (20) in a space above the screen (21); the upper part of the spraying pipeline (22) is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe (23) which is connected, and the negative pressure connecting pipe (23) is connected with a gas extraction negative pressure pipeline (24).
4. The blowout prevention and dust and drill slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the dust removing component comprises a high-pressure water pipe (151) communicated with the inside of a suction type dust removing fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removing filter screen and a vibrating wire filter plate (152) arranged inside the suction type dust removing fan shell.
5. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the bottom outlet of the vibrating screen 28 is connected with a secondary sewage treatment tank (29), an electric slag slurry pump (30) is arranged in the secondary sewage treatment tank (29), the electric slag slurry pump (30) is connected with the input end of a rotational flow mud removing device (32) through a connecting pipe (31), the mud discharging opening of the rotational flow mud removing device (32) is opposite to a conveying belt (33), the water discharging opening is connected to an underground water bin (37) through a water discharging pipe (34), a sewage pump (35) is arranged in the underground water bin (37), and the sewage pump (35) is connected with a sewage discharging pipe (36).
6. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein liquid level sensors are arranged in the slag collecting box (8), the secondary treatment box (29) and the water sump (37), and liquid level control switches are arranged in the slag water transfer pump (26), the slag slurry pump (30) and the sewage pump (35) and are connected with the corresponding liquid level sensors.
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| CN115450576B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-07-25 | 北京科技大学 | Continuous drilling device for detecting deep stress field of coal seam |
| CN116733374B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-27 | 中铁上海工程局集团第七工程有限公司 | Long arm drill jumbo suitable for multiple construction methods |
| CN117404014B (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-02-09 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Liquid injection, solid-liquid and push pipe circulating type directional drilling protection hole device and technology |
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