CN114439393A - Blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of broken soft coal bed - Google Patents
Blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of broken soft coal bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN114439393A CN114439393A CN202111580880.0A CN202111580880A CN114439393A CN 114439393 A CN114439393 A CN 114439393A CN 202111580880 A CN202111580880 A CN 202111580880A CN 114439393 A CN114439393 A CN 114439393A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 125
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000886569 Cyprogenia stegaria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/011—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
Abstract
The invention discloses a blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a broken soft coal seam, which comprises an orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system; wherein: the gas delivery outlet of the tertiary blowout prevention system exhaust in drill way is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag hole of the tertiary blowout prevention system in drill way and the sewage outlet of the suction dust removal system are respectively connected with the drilling slag transfer treatment system, and the gas delivery outlet of the drilling slag transfer treatment system is connected with the suction dust removal system. The whole system realizes closed-loop treatment on coal slag and dust generated in drilling construction, plays a good role in removing dust generated in the drilling construction, transfers and treats large-particle pulverized coal drilling slag, and ensures that no gas, dust, sewage and the like are discharged from an operation drilling site, so that the underground operation environment is greatly improved, the cleaning operation intensity is reduced, and the safe and efficient construction of high-pressure pneumatic directional drilling is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine drilling, and particularly relates to a blowout prevention and dust and drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of an underground broken soft coal seam, which solves the problems of blowout prevention, dust removal and drilling slag treatment of a drill hole orifice of the broken soft coal seam.
Background
Because of the limitation of coal bed geological conditions, the prior hydraulic directional drilling technology cannot meet the drilling construction of broken soft coal beds, so that the underground pneumatic directional drilling technology is gradually popularized and applied; the technology is mainly used for bedding drilling construction of the broken soft coal seam. In the pneumatic directional drilling process, due to the fact that the coal seam gas content is high and the pressure is high, the orifice spraying phenomenon often occurs, a large amount of coal powder and gas are sprayed out of the orifice, and orifice gas is suddenly increased and serious dust pollution is caused; and because the drilling is carried out by adopting large-flow high-wind pressure or medium-wind pressure, the gas returning from the orifice contains a large amount of pulverized coal particles and has high flow velocity, the dust and the gas around the orifice and even in the whole drilling field are directly and rapidly diffused, and the construction environment is extremely severe. In addition, because the garrulous soft coal seam is bored and is produced and bore the sediment volume big, the drill way discharge buggy often can't in time be cleared up, causes a large amount of dust accumulations, can further aggravate the drilling site environment and worsen, influences operation personnel safety and health, produces serious influence to the construction, is unfavorable for the high-efficient management of gas safety in the pit.
At present, aiming at various blowout preventers and dust removers for compressed air drilling, a rubber sealing gasket is generally sleeved on a drill rod to play a sealing role on an orifice device, so that the sealing gasket is quickly abraded when the drill rod for soft coal such as a grooved drill rod, a triangular drill rod and the like rotates, the sealing effect is poor, and a large amount of orifice dust is easily diffused; the dust removal mode mainly comprises the forms of jet flow dust removal, spray dust removal and the like, has a certain effect on the conventional low-pressure (generally less than or equal to 0.6MPa) compressed air drilling, but has insufficient processing capacity, poor regulation and use reliability and incapability of timely processing pulverized coal and meeting the production requirement when the high-pressure (greater than or equal to 1.2MPa) high-speed air flow drilling is carried out. In addition, dust, coal slime and sewage are everywhere in the underground drilling construction site, the environment is severe, and the labor intensity of manual cleaning is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a broken soft coal seam so as to solve the problems that dust, coal slime and sewage in an underground drilling construction site cannot be treated in time to cause serious pollution and high cleaning labor intensity in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a broken soft coal seam comprises an orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system; the device comprises a three-level orifice blowout prevention system, a drilling slag transfer treatment system, a sewage outlet, a gas output port and a gas outlet, wherein the gas output port of the three-level orifice blowout prevention system is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag outlet of the three-level orifice blowout prevention system is connected with the drilling slag transfer treatment system, and the gas output port of the drilling slag transfer treatment system is connected with the suction dust removal system.
Further, the orifice three-stage blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe, a first-stage sealing device, a second-stage sealing device and a rotary sealing device which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod of the pneumatic directional drilling tool; wherein, the orifice pipe is connected with a primary sealing device; the primary sealing device is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe, and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device; the upper part of the primary sealing device is provided with a dust suction port, and the lower part of the primary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the secondary sealing device is of a four-way structure, the upper part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a dust suction port, and the lower part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the rear end of the secondary sealing device is connected with the rotary sealing device; the rotary sealing device is of a three-way structure, the lower end of the rotary sealing device is provided with a slag hole, and the rear end of the slag hole is provided with a rotary sealing structure.
Furthermore, a sealing baffle plate with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket are arranged inside the first-stage sealing device and the second-stage sealing device.
Furthermore, the rotary sealing structure comprises a structure main body, an end cover is arranged at the rear end of the structure main body, a spherical rubber core is arranged at the center of the structure main body, and thrust bearings are respectively arranged between the structure main body and the rear end of the slag outlet and between the structure main body and the end cover; the inner wall of the structure main body is circumferentially provided with a rotating bearing, and a central through hole of the hemispherical rubber core is in interference fit with the drill rod; an annular sleeve is arranged in a cavity between the spherical rubber core and the rotating bearing and between the spherical rubber core and the thrust bearing at the rear end; inner linings are respectively arranged in cavities between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core and the thrust bearing and between the annular sleeve and the thrust bearing at the rear end; and the rear end of the end cover is provided with a righting sleeve.
Furthermore, the suction dust removal system comprises a suction dust removal fan, a connecting pipeline, a dust removal tank and a negative pressure connecting pipe; wherein:
the suction type dust removal fan comprises an air suction end, an explosion-proof motor, a dust removal component and an exhaust end; the suction type dust removal fan is driven by an explosion-proof motor, and the air suction end is respectively connected with the dust suction ports of the primary sealing device and the secondary sealing device through two dust suction pipes; a water outlet is arranged below the outlet end of the suction type dust removal fan and is connected to the drilling slag transfer device through a fan water discharge pipe;
the exhaust end is connected with the dust removal tank through a connecting pipeline; a water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removing tank, and the water outlet is connected to a drilling slag transferring and treating system through a water discharging pipe to discharge sewage in the dust removing tank; the dust removal tank body is provided with a connecting port with a valve, and the control port is connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connecting path.
Furthermore, a horizontal screen is arranged in the dust removing tank, and a plurality of spraying pipelines are arranged in the dust removing tank above the screen; and the upper part of the spraying pipeline is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe which is connected with the spraying pipeline, and the negative pressure connecting pipe is connected with a gas extraction negative pressure pipeline.
Furthermore, the dust removal part comprises a high-pressure water pipe communicated with the interior of the suction type dust removal fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removal filter screen and a vibrating wire filter screen which are arranged in the interior of the suction type dust removal fan shell.
Further, the drilling slag transferring and treating system comprises a slag collecting box, a stirrer, a slag water transferring pump, a slag water transferring pipeline, a vibrating screen, a secondary sewage treating box, a slag slurry pump, a connecting pipe, a rotational flow mud removing device, a conveying belt, a drain pipe, a sewage pump, a sewage pipe and a water sump; wherein:
the slag collecting box is respectively connected with the slag outlets of the primary sealing device, the secondary sealing device and the rotary sealing device through three slag discharging pipelines; the upper part of the slag collecting box is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe connected with high-pressure water, and a stirrer is arranged in the slag collecting box; a gas drainage port arranged at the upper part of the slag collecting box is connected with the dust removing tank through a negative pressure connecting pipe; two sewage interfaces are arranged below the side surface of the slag collecting box, and one sewage interface is connected with a water outlet of a suction type dust removal fan through a fan water drain pipe; the other sewage interface is connected with the dust removal tank through a drain pipe;
the slag collecting box lower part sets up the suction end that row's cinder notch is connected the sediment water and transports the pump, and sediment water transports the pump discharge end and connects the sediment water transportation pipeline, and the sediment water transportation pipeline is arranged along underworkings, and this pipeline other end is connected to the shale shaker, and the shale shaker is installed in the conveyor belt upper portion in underworkings, and the solid output of shale shaker is just to conveyor belt.
Further, the bottom exit linkage secondary sewage treatment case of shale shaker is equipped with electronic sediment stuff pump in the secondary sewage treatment case, and electronic sediment stuff pump passes through the input of connecting pipe connection whirl desilting device, and whirl desilting device mud discharging port is just to the transportation belt, and the outlet is connected to the sump in the pit through the drain pipe, is provided with the sewage pump in the sump in the pit, and the blow off pipe is connected to the sewage pump.
Further, all be equipped with level sensor in collection sediment case, secondary treatment case and the sump, sediment water transport pump, sediment stuff pump and sewage pump all set up liquid level control switch, the level sensor that corresponds is connected to liquid level control switch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, a three-level orifice blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system which are connected are designed; after gas discharged from the orifice is treated by the orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, drilling slag and dust are respectively discharged to the drilling slag transfer treatment system and the suction dust removal system, sewage of the suction dust removal system is also discharged to the drilling slag transfer treatment system, and waste gas of the drilling slag transfer treatment system is sucked away by the suction dust removal system. The whole system realizes closed-loop treatment on coal slag and dust generated in drilling construction, plays a good role in dust removal on the generated dust, transports and treats large-particle coal dust drilling slag, and ensures that an operation drilling site is free from discharge of gas, dust, sewage and the like, so that the underground operation environment is greatly improved, the cleaning operation intensity is reduced, and safe and efficient construction of high-pressure pneumatic directional drilling is ensured.
(2) Through installing two-stage conventional seal and rotary seal backward by preceding in proper order on the drilling rod of pneumatic directional drilling tool for it is sealed effectual, can effectively realize the drilling and prevent spouting, avoids gas and dust to spill over, guarantees the safety and the health of drill site constructor.
(3) Through suction type dust removal fan dust removal and dust removal jar and negative pressure dust removal, the dust handling capacity is big, need not manual regulation, and dust removal effect is good, and greatly reduced dust harm discharges the downthehole gas that overflows simultaneously, guarantees construction safety.
(4) All drilling slag generated in the drilling construction is transferred and then treated through the drilling slag transferring and treating system, so that the dust raising hazard of a drilling site is avoided, and the environment of the drilling site is improved; through mechanical treatment, manual carrying and transferring are not needed, and labor intensity is greatly reduced.
(5) The pump used in the system adopts a liquid level control switch, and the pump automatically switches on and off according to the liquid level without manual monitoring and control; the dust removal fan is loaded and transported through the hydraulic crawler body, so that the transportation and the use are convenient; the large air volume processing capacity of the dust removal fan is compared with a jet flow processing device, manual adjustment is not needed, and the operation processing is stable and reliable.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system for preventing blowout and treating dust and drilling slag in the soft coal seam.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the primary and secondary sealing means.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotary seal structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vibrating wire filter plate.
Reference signs mean:
1-primary sealing device; 2-a secondary sealing device; 3-rotating the sealing device; 4-a drill pipe; 5-orifice tube; 6-connecting a clamp; 7-a slag pipe; 8-a slag collection box; 9-a stirrer; 10-high pressure spray pipe; 11-a negative pressure connecting pipe; 12-a dust suction pipe; 13-a suction end; 14-explosion-proof motor; 15-a dust removal component; 16-the exhaust end; 17-a dust removal fan crawler body; 18-a fan drain pipe; 19-connecting lines; 20-a dust removal tank; 21-a screen mesh; 22-a spray line; 23-negative pressure connecting pipe; 24-a gas extraction pipe; 25-a drain pipe; 26-a slag water transfer pump; 27-a slag water transfer pipeline; 28-a vibrating screen; 29-secondary sewage treatment tank; 30-a slurry pump; 31-a connecting tube; 32-a cyclone mud removal device; 33-a conveyor belt; 34-a drain pipe; 35-a sewage pump; 36-a sewer pipe; 37-a water sump; 101-a sealing baffle; 102-an annular seal; 151-high pressure water pipe; 152-vibrating wire filter plate; 301-a structural body; 302-a rotational bearing; 303-a thrust bearing; 304-end cap; 305-a centralizing sleeve; 306-an annular sleeve; 307-inner liner; 308-spherical rubber core; 309-connecting end.
The details of the present invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a broken soft coal seam. The device comprises three parts, namely an orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system.
Referring to fig. 1, the orifice three-stage blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe 5, a primary sealing device 1, a secondary sealing device 2 and a rotary sealing device 3 which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod 4 of a pneumatic directional drilling tool.
The orifice pipe 5 is connected with the primary sealing device 1 through a connecting clamp 6. The primary sealing device 1 is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe 5, and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device 2 by adopting a connecting clamp 6; the upper part of the primary sealing device 1 is provided with a dust suction port, and the lower part is provided with a slag outlet. Preferably, a bushing (made of metal, preferably copper) is arranged inside the orifice pipe 5 to avoid direct friction between the orifice pipe 5 and the drill rod 4;
referring to fig. 2, specifically, a sealing baffle 101 with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket 102 are arranged inside the primary sealing device 1, and the annular sealing gasket 102 is made of wear-resistant materials, such as wear-resistant rubber; the inner diameter of the annular sealing gasket 102 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, and the sealing gasket plays a sealing role. The rear end cover plate of the primary sealing device 1 is of a buckle type structure, the annular sealing gasket 102 is installed and then covers the rear end cover, the buckle is buckled along the periphery, and the fixed sealing gasket can be effectively compressed.
The structure form of the secondary sealing device 2 is the same as that of the primary sealing device 1, the secondary sealing device 2 is also of a four-way structure, the front end of the secondary sealing device 2 is connected with the rear end cover of the primary sealing device 1 through a hoop 6, the upper end of the secondary sealing device 2 is also a dust collection port, and the lower end of the secondary sealing device 2 is a slag outlet; the rear end of the second-stage sealing device 2 is connected with the rotary sealing device 3, the inner sealing structure of the second-stage sealing device 2 is the same as that of the first-stage sealing device 1, a baffle plate and an annular wear-resistant rubber sealing gasket are also arranged, and the inner diameter of the sealing gasket is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drill rod, so that the sealing effect is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1, the rotary sealing device 3 is of a three-way structure, a connecting end 309 located at the front end is connected with the secondary sealing device 2 through a clamp 6, and a slag outlet is arranged at the lower end of the rotary sealing device 3; the rear end of the slag outlet of the rotary sealing device 3 is provided with a rotary sealing structure.
Referring to fig. 3, as a preferred implementation manner of the present invention, the rotary sealing structure includes a main structure body 301, an end cover 304 is disposed at the rear end of the main structure body 301, a spherical rubber core 308 is disposed at the center of the main structure body 301, and thrust bearings 303 are disposed between the main structure body 301 and the rear end of the slag outlet and between the main structure body 301 and the end cover 304, respectively, so as to bear an axial force; the inner wall of the structure main body 301 is circumferentially provided with a rotating bearing 302 for rotating, the middle part of the structure main body 301 is provided with a hemispherical rubber core 308 (preferably made of wear-resistant rubber material), the center of the structure main body is provided with a through hole, the inner diameter of the through hole is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, and the through hole is in interference fit with the drill rod 4; an annular sleeve 306 is arranged in a cavity between the spherical rubber core 308 and the rotary bearing 302 and between the spherical rubber core 308 and the thrust bearing 303 at the rear end, and the annular sleeve 306 is used for wrapping the circumferential direction and the rear end of the spherical rubber core 308; inner liners 307 are respectively arranged in the cavities between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the thrust bearing 303 and between the annular sleeve 306 and the thrust bearing 303 at the rear end, and are used for filling the space around the hemispherical rubber core 308. Preferably, the rear end of the end cap 304 is provided with a centering sleeve 305, preferably made of copper, having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod 4. In the technical scheme, after the rear end of the structure main body 301 is tightly pressed by the end cover 304, the hemispherical rubber core 308 is extruded and deformed to tightly hold the drill rod 4 of the pneumatic directional drilling tool, so that the sealing effect is achieved. When the drill rod 4 rotates, due to the action of the rotary bearing 302 of the rotary sealing device 3, the friction force between the drill rod 4 and the hemispherical rubber core 308 drives the central hemispherical rubber core 308, the inner bushing 307 and the annular sleeve 306 to integrally rotate together with the drill rod 4 in the structure body 301, so that the rotary sealing effect is achieved; when the drill rod 4 moves forward inwards or retreats from the outside of the drill hole to move back and forth, the thrust bearing 303 bears an axial force, the rotary sealing device 3 bears an axial friction force between the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, an axial relative displacement exists between the hemispherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, only the drill rod 4 moves back and forth, the hemispherical rubber core 308 plays a sealing role, and the structure body 301 and the end cover 304 do not move back and forth along with the drill rod 4. The centralizing sleeve 305 plays a role in centralizing and centering the drill rod 4.
The suction dedusting system comprises a suction dedusting fan, a connecting pipeline 19, a dedusting tank 20 and a negative pressure connecting pipe 23.
Referring to fig. 1, the suction type dust removing fan includes a suction end 13, an explosion-proof motor 14, a dust removing part 15, and an exhaust end 16.
Preferably, the whole suction type dust removal fan is positioned on a hydraulic crawler body 17 which is a common underground carrier, the hydraulic crawler body 17 is used for loading and transporting, and the crawler drives a hydraulic pump to work by an explosion-proof motor to drive the crawler to walk; the suction type dust removal fan is driven by an explosion-proof motor 14, and a suction end 13 is respectively connected with dust suction ports of the primary sealing device 1 and the secondary sealing device 2 through two dust suction pipes 12; preferably, the dust removing component comprises a high-pressure water pipe 151 communicated with the interior of the suction type dust removing fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removing filter screen and a vibrating wire filter screen 152 arranged in the interior of the suction type dust removing fan shell, wherein the high-pressure water pipe 151 is connected with underground static water, and the size of high-pressure water flow is controlled by a valve; preferably, the filter screen is a steel wire screen, and referring to fig. 4, a frame is arranged around the vibrating wire filter 152, and a stainless steel wire is installed in the frame. A water outlet is arranged below the outlet end of the suction type dust removal fan and is connected to the drilling slag transfer device through a fan water discharge pipe 18. With the above structure, the high pressure water entering from the high pressure water pipe 151 forms a spray in the fan housing through the nozzle, and the spray is mixed with the dust-containing air flow flowing into the housing from the air suction end 13; the spray flows to the dedusting filter screen and the vibrating wire filter screen 152, the water curtain makes the dust descend with the water flow after the wet weight increment and detention, and the water outlet flows the sewage to the slag collecting tank 8 of the drilling slag transferring and treating system along the fan water outlet pipe 18.
The exhaust end 16 of the dust removing fan is connected with a dust removing tank 20 through a connecting pipeline 19. Preferably, a horizontal screen 21 is arranged in the dust removing tank 20, and a plurality of spraying pipelines 22 are arranged in the space above the screen 21 in the dust removing tank 20 to cover the whole plane range; the upper part of the spraying pipeline 22 is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe 23 which is connected with the spraying pipeline, 2-3 negative pressure connecting pipes 23 or more can be arranged according to the conditions of negative pressure and the thickness of the pipeline, the negative pressure connecting pipe 23 is connected with an original underground gas extraction negative pressure pipeline 24, and the residual gas containing the gas is sucked away through the gas extraction negative pressure pipeline 24.
A water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removing tank 20, and the water outlet is connected to a drilling slag transferring and treating system through a water discharging pipe 25 to discharge sewage in the dust removing tank 20; the body of the dust removing tank 20 is provided with a connection port with a valve, and the control port is connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connection path 11 and is used for sucking the analysis gas in the drilling slag transferring and processing system into the dust removing tank 20 and then discharging the gas through a negative pressure pipeline 24.
The drilling slag transferring and treating system comprises a slag collecting box 8, a stirrer 9, a slag water transferring pump 26, a slag water transferring pipeline 27, a vibrating screen 28, a secondary sewage treating box 29, a slag slurry pump 30, a connecting pipe 31, a rotational flow mud removing device 32, a conveying belt 33, a water discharging pipe 34, a sewage pump 35, a sewage pipe 36 and a water sump 37. Wherein:
the slag collection box 8 is respectively connected with slag outlets of the primary sealing device 1, the secondary sealing device 2 and the rotary sealing device 3 through three slag discharge pipelines 7; the upper part of the slag collection box 8 is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe 10 connected with high-pressure water, the pipeline is controlled to be opened and closed through a valve, a stirrer 9 is arranged in the slag collection box 8, and the stirrer 9 is pneumatic or electric and is used for stirring, mixing and crushing liquid entering coal slag from the slag discharge pipe 7 and liquid respectively entering the coal slag from the high-pressure spray pipe 10, the dust removal fan drain pipe 18 and the dust removal tank drain pipe 25.
The gas drainage interface arranged at the upper part of the slag collection box 8 is connected with the dust removal tank 20 through the negative pressure connecting pipe 11, and gas resolved from coal slag in the slag collection box 8 is discharged from the gas drainage negative pressure pipe 24 through the pipeline and the dust removal tank 20. Two sewage interfaces are arranged below the side surface of the slag collection box 8, one sewage interface is connected with a water outlet of a suction type dust removal fan through a fan water outlet pipe 18, and most of sewage generated by dust removal in the dust removal fan is collected into the slag collection box 8 through the fan water outlet pipe 18; the other sewage connection is connected to the dust-removing tank 20 via a drain pipe 25, so that the sewage generated by spraying in the dust-removing tank 20 is also collected into the slag collecting tank 8.
The lower part of the slag collection box 8 is provided with a slag discharge port connected with the suction end of a slag water transfer pump 26, the discharge end of the slag water transfer pump 26 is connected with a slag water transfer pipeline 27, the slag water transfer pipeline 27 is arranged along an underground roadway, the other end of the pipeline is connected with a vibrating screen 28, the vibrating screen 28 is arranged on the upper part of a conveying belt 33 of the underground roadway, and the solid output end of the vibrating screen 28 is over against the conveying belt 33; preferably, the bottom outlet of the vibrating screen 28 is connected with a secondary sewage treatment tank 29, an electric slurry pump 30 is arranged in the secondary sewage treatment tank 29, the electric slurry pump 30 is connected with the input end of a cyclone mud removing device 32 through a connecting pipe 31, a mud discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device 32 is right opposite to a conveying belt 33, a water discharging port is connected to a downhole sump 37 through a water discharging pipe 34, a sewage pump 35 is arranged in the downhole sump 37, and the sewage pump 35 is connected with a sewage discharging pipe 36. In the above scheme, the slag water transfer pump 26 discharges coal water mixed slurry to the vibrating screen 28 through the slag water transfer pipeline 27, the coal water mixed slurry is filtered and screened through the vibrating screen 28, the vibrating screen 28 conveys the separated coal slag to the conveying belt 33, the slurry filtered and separated from the bottom of the vibrating screen 28 flows through the secondary sewage treatment box 29, the electric slag pump 30 arranged in the secondary sewage treatment box 29 conveys the coal water mixed slurry flowing into the treatment box to the cyclone mud removing device 32 through the connecting pipe 31 for cyclone centrifugal treatment, the coal slime discharged from the mud discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device 32 and the coal slag screened by the vibrating screen 28 are conveyed to the conveying belt 33 together, the sewage discharged from the water discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device 32 flows to the underground water sump 37 through the water discharging pipe 34, and is discharged through the sewage discharging pipe 36 under the action of the sewage pump 35.
Referring to fig. 1, the system of the present invention specifically operates as follows:
high-pressure gas enters a drill hole through a pneumatic directional drilling tool, high-speed airflow carries pulverized coal to return to an orifice along an annular space between the drilling tool and the hole wall, the pulverized coal reaches a primary sealing device 1 through an orifice pipe 5, most of gas and fine dust enter a dedusting fan through a dust suction pipe 12 connected with an upper dust suction port through a suction end 13 of a suction type dedusting fan under the negative pressure action of the dedusting fan, the sucked dust and spray generate liquid drops to be mixed and fall under the action of a dedusting filter screen and a vibrating wire filter plate 152 of a dedusting part 15, and sewage generated by dedusting flows into a slag collection box 8 through a fan drain pipe 18 along a fan drain outlet. The large-particle coal slag contained in the wind flow flows into a slag collecting box 8 through a slag outlet of the primary sealing device 1 through a slag discharging pipe 7. The gas treated by the dust removing fan enters the dust removing tank 20 through the exhaust end 16, and after further dust removing treatment is carried out through the filter screen 21 and the spray pipeline 22 in the dust removing tank 20, the residual gas enters the gas extraction pipe 24 through the negative pressure connecting pipe 23. The sewage generated by the spraying and dust in the dust removing tank 20 flows into the slag collecting tank 8 through the drain pipe 25.
After passing through the primary sealing device 1, due to the influence of sealing performance and processing capacity, a small part of dust, coal slag and gas enter the secondary sealing device 2, small-particle coal slag contained in the air flow flows into the slag collecting box 8 through the slag outlet of the secondary sealing device 2 through the slag outlet pipe 7, and the gas and dust are processed by the dust removal fan, enter the dust removal tank 20 and finally enter the gas extraction pipeline.
A small amount of dust and gas enter the rotary sealing device 3 and fall into a slag collecting box 8 through a slag discharging pipe 7. The spherical rubber core 308 in the rotary sealing device is extruded and deformed to tightly hold the drill rod 4, the drill rod drives the spherical rubber core 308, the inner bushing 306 and the annular sleeve 307 to integrally rotate together under the action of circumferential friction force between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, and the structure main body 301 does not rotate along with the drill rod 4 due to the existence of the rotary bearing 302; when the drill rod 4 moves back and forth, due to the existence of the thrust bearing 303, the rotary sealing device 3 bears the axial friction force between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, and axial relative displacement exists between the spherical rubber core 308 and the drill rod 4, namely, the drill 4 moves back and forth, and the structure body 301 and the end cover 304 do not move back and forth.
After entering the slag collecting box 8, the large-particle coal slag is mixed with water flowing in through the high-pressure spray pipe 10, the fan drain pipe 18 and the drain pipe 25 of the dust removing tank 20, and is uniformly mixed and fully crushed under the stirring action of the blades of the stirrer 9. The gas resolved in the slag collection box 8 enters the dust removal tank 20 through the negative pressure connecting pipe 11, and is then pumped away through the negative pressure connecting pipe 23 by the gas extraction pipe 24.
Water-coal mixed slurry in the slag collection box 8 is conveyed to a vibrating screen 28 on a tunnel belt conveyor 33 from a drilling site through a slag water transfer pump 26 and a slag water transfer pipeline 27, after being processed by the vibrating screen, large-particle coal slag is conveyed to the conveying belt 33 to be taken away, residual slurry flows into a secondary processing box 29, is conveyed to a cyclone mud removal device 32 through a slag slurry pump 30 and a connecting pipe 31, is subjected to cyclone centrifugal processing, coal slime and the coal slag at the vibrating screen are conveyed to the belt conveyor 33 together to be conveyed away, the processed slurry flows to a water sump 37 through a drainage pipeline 34, and is discharged through a drainage pipe 36 by a sewage pump 35.
Preferably, the electric water pumps adopted by the systems comprise a slag water transfer pump 26, a slag pump 30 and a sewage pump 35 which are all provided with liquid level control switches, the control switches are connected with liquid level sensors arranged in pumping containers of the pumps, the liquid level positions in the slag collecting tank 8, the secondary treatment tank 29 and the water sump 37 are respectively identified through the liquid level sensors, and when the liquid level reaches a preset liquid level height, the switches are started, and the water pumps respectively start to work and run; when the liquid level drops to a certain height, the switch is switched off and stops, and the water pump stops working and running. Adopt this setting to realize motor pump according to actual need automatic operation, need not artifical monitoring and operation.
Claims (10)
1. A blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for pneumatic directional drilling of a broken soft coal seam is characterized by comprising an orifice three-stage blowout prevention system, a suction dust removal system and a drilling slag transfer treatment system; wherein: the gas delivery outlet of the tertiary blowout prevention system exhaust in drill way is connected to the suction dust removal system, the slag hole of the tertiary blowout prevention system in drill way and the sewage outlet of the suction dust removal system are respectively connected with the drilling slag transfer treatment system, and the gas delivery outlet of the drilling slag transfer treatment system is connected with the suction dust removal system.
2. The system for preventing blowout and dust drilling slag for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the orifice three-stage blowout prevention system comprises an orifice pipe (5), a primary sealing device (1), a secondary sealing device (2) and a rotary sealing device (3) which are sequentially sleeved on a drill rod (4) of the pneumatic directional drilling tool; wherein: the orifice pipe (5) is connected with the primary sealing device (1); the primary sealing device (1) is of a four-way structure, the front end of the primary sealing device is connected with the orifice pipe (5), and the rear end of the primary sealing device is connected with the secondary sealing device (2); the upper part of the primary sealing device (1) is provided with a dust suction port, and the lower part of the primary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the secondary sealing device (2) is of a four-way structure, the upper part of the secondary sealing device (2) is provided with a dust suction port, and the lower part of the secondary sealing device is provided with a slag outlet; the rear end of the secondary sealing device (2) is connected with a rotary sealing device (3); the rotary sealing device (3) is of a three-way structure, the lower end of the rotary sealing device (3) is provided with a slag hole, and the rear end of the slag hole is provided with a rotary sealing structure.
3. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the primary sealing device (1) and the secondary sealing device (2) are internally provided with a sealing baffle plate (101) with a central through hole and an annular sealing gasket (102); the inner diameter of a central through hole of the annular sealing gasket (102) is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a drill rod (4) of the pneumatic directional drilling tool.
4. The anti-spray and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal bed according to claim 2, wherein the rotary sealing structure comprises a structure main body (301), an end cover (304) is arranged at the rear end of the structure main body (301), a spherical rubber core (308) is arranged at the center of the structure main body (301), and thrust bearings (303) are respectively arranged between the structure main body (301) and the rear end of the slag outlet and between the structure main body and the end cover (304); the inner wall of the structure main body (301) is circumferentially provided with a rotating bearing (302), the middle part of the structure main body (301) is provided with a hemispherical rubber core (308), and the central through hole of the hemispherical rubber core is in interference fit with the drill rod (4); an annular sleeve (306) is arranged in a cavity between the spherical rubber core (308) and the rotating bearing (302) and between the spherical rubber core (308) and the thrust bearing (303) at the rear end; inner linings (307) are respectively arranged in cavities between the front end of the hemispherical rubber core (308) and the thrust bearing (303) and between the annular sleeve (306) and the thrust bearing (303) at the rear end; the rear end of the end cover (304) is provided with a righting sleeve (305).
5. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal bed according to claim 1, wherein the suction dust removal system comprises a suction dust removal fan, a connecting pipeline (19), a dust removal tank (20) and a negative pressure connecting pipe (23); wherein:
the suction type dust removal fan comprises an air suction end (13), an explosion-proof motor (14), a dust removal component (15) and an exhaust end (16); the suction type dust removal fan is driven by an explosion-proof motor (14), and a suction end (13) is respectively connected with dust suction ports of the primary sealing device (1) and the secondary sealing device (2) through two dust suction pipes (12); a water outlet is arranged below the outlet end of the suction type dust removal fan and is connected to the drilling slag transfer device through a fan water discharge pipe (18);
the exhaust end (16) is connected with a dust removal tank (20) through a connecting pipeline (19); a water outlet with a valve is arranged below the side surface of the dust removing tank (20), and the water outlet is connected to a drilling slag transferring and treating system through a water discharging pipe (25) to discharge sewage in the dust removing tank (20); the body of the dust removing tank (20) is provided with a connecting port with a valve, and the control port is connected with the drilling slag transferring and processing system through a negative pressure connecting path (11).
6. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal bed according to claim 5, wherein a horizontal screen (21) is arranged in the dust removing tank (20), and a plurality of spraying pipelines (22) are arranged in the dust removing tank (20) in the space above the screen (21); the upper part of the spraying pipeline (22) is provided with a negative pressure connecting pipe (23) which is connected with the spraying pipeline, and the negative pressure connecting pipe (23) is connected with a gas extraction negative pressure pipeline (24).
7. The system for preventing blowout and dust drilling slag for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal bed according to claim 5, wherein the dust removing component comprises a high-pressure water pipe (151) communicated with the interior of the suction type dust removing fan shell, a spray head arranged at the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe, and a dust removing filter screen and a vibrating wire filter screen (152) arranged in the interior of the suction type dust removing fan shell.
8. The blowout prevention and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the drilling slag transfer treatment system comprises a slag collection box (8), a stirrer (9), a slag water transfer pump (26), a slag water transfer pipeline (27), a vibrating screen (28), a secondary sewage treatment box (29), a slag pump (30), a connecting pipe (31), a rotational flow mud removal device (32), a conveying belt (33), a water discharge pipe (34), a sewage pump (35), a sewage pipe (36) and a water sump (37); wherein:
the slag collection box (8) is respectively connected with slag outlets of the primary sealing device (1), the secondary sealing device (2) and the rotary sealing device (3) through three slag discharge pipelines (7); a high-pressure spray pipe (10) is arranged at the upper part of the slag collection box (8) and connected with high-pressure water, and a stirrer (9) is arranged in the slag collection box (8); a gas drainage port arranged at the upper part of the slag collection box (8) is connected with the dust removal tank (20) through a negative pressure connecting pipe (11); two sewage interfaces are arranged below the side surface of the slag collection box (8), and one sewage interface is connected with a water outlet of a suction type dust removal fan through a fan water discharge pipe (18); the other sewage interface is connected with the dust removing tank (20) through a drain pipe (25);
the slag collecting box (8) lower part is provided with a slag discharging port and is connected with a suction end of a slag water transfer pump (26), a slag water transfer pipeline (27) is connected with a discharge end of the slag water transfer pump (26), the slag water transfer pipeline (27) is arranged along an underground roadway, the other end of the pipeline is connected to a vibrating screen (28), the vibrating screen (28) is installed on the upper part of a conveying belt (33) of the underground roadway, and a solid output end of the vibrating screen (28) is over against the conveying belt (33).
9. The system for preventing the blowout and dust drilling slag for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam according to claim 8, wherein a bottom outlet of the vibrating screen 28 is connected with a secondary sewage treatment tank (29), an electric slurry pump (30) is arranged in the secondary sewage treatment tank (29), the electric slurry pump (30) is connected with an input end of a cyclone mud removing device (32) through a connecting pipe (31), a mud discharging port of the cyclone mud removing device (32) is right opposite to a conveying belt (33), a water discharging port is connected to a downhole water sump (37) through a water discharging pipe (34), a sewage pump (35) is arranged in the downhole water sump (37), and the sewage pump (35) is connected with a sewage discharging pipe (36).
10. The anti-spraying and dust drilling slag treatment system for the pneumatic directional drilling of the crushed soft coal seam according to claim 8, wherein liquid level sensors are arranged in the slag collection tank (8), the secondary treatment tank (29) and the water sump (37), liquid level control switches are arranged in the slag water transfer pump (26), the slag pump (30) and the sewage pump (35), and the liquid level control switches are connected with the corresponding liquid level sensors.
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