CN114439047A - Method for controlling, guiding and preventing seepage of pollution of tailing pond - Google Patents

Method for controlling, guiding and preventing seepage of pollution of tailing pond Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114439047A
CN114439047A CN202210097222.4A CN202210097222A CN114439047A CN 114439047 A CN114439047 A CN 114439047A CN 202210097222 A CN202210097222 A CN 202210097222A CN 114439047 A CN114439047 A CN 114439047A
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China
Prior art keywords
diversion
tailing pond
pond
seepage
tailing
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CN202210097222.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李超
舒荣波
程蓉
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Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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Priority to CN202210097222.4A priority Critical patent/CN114439047A/en
Publication of CN114439047A publication Critical patent/CN114439047A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/02Restraining of open water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/10Restraining of underground water by lowering level of ground water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/12Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
    • E02D19/16Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by placing or applying sealing substances
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/006Sealing of existing landfills, e.g. using mining techniques

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling, guiding and preventing seepage of pollution of a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a crushed development area of subbase rock of a tailing pond and a damaged area of an impermeable layer made of natural or artificial materials, and performing grouting impermeable reinforcement treatment on the damaged area; calculating precipitation radius and an advantageous channel according to the permeability coefficient of each stratum in a tailing pond area, and arranging a peripheral vertical diversion well array at the periphery of the tailing pond; and then, the inside of the slag pile of the sealed warehouse is provided with a transverse diversion hole for diversion, so that the water content of the slag pile in the warehouse can be reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and diffusion migration rate of pollutants can be reduced. The method is suitable for the tailing pond with the problem of migration and diffusion of pollutants, grouting and seepage prevention are carried out after a damaged area is found out, then the peripheral vertical diversion well array of the tailing pond is constructed to conduct diversion on the peripheral underground water, the peripheral underground water passes through a water-resisting layer and is directly drained to a deep underground water channel, and meanwhile, the surface drainage prevention measure and the bottom seepage prevention measure of the tailing pond are combined, so that the external shallow underground water can be effectively isolated, and the interaction between the peripheral underground water and the interior of the tailing pond is greatly reduced.

Description

Method for controlling, guiding and preventing seepage of pollution of tailing pond
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pollution prevention and seepage technology of a tailing pond, in particular to a method for pollution control diversion prevention and seepage control of the tailing pond.
Background
The tailings pond is an important part of normal operation of a mine, and 12273 tailings ponds are shared in China as late as 2012. Pollution control of tailing ponds is always highly valued by countries in the world. The bottom of the early I-type tailing pond in China hardly meets the anti-seepage requirement, and only the II-type tailing pond requires that the anti-seepage layer reaches the permeability coefficient of 1.0 to 10-7The clay layer with the thickness of 1.5m per second has equivalent anti-seepage effect (refer to the national standard GB 18599), so the tailing pond built at an early stage has more environmental pollution problems. Pollution problem of tailing pond the pollution of the tailing pond has the characteristics of complexity, concealment, long incubation period, lasting influence and the like, and the pollutants are migrated and diffused to hinder the normal operation of mine enterprises and threaten the life health of downstream people to cause ecological environment pollution.
Effective drainage and seepage in the tailing pond are important links for solving the environmental pollution of the tailing pond. At present, the drainage measures of the tailing pond mainly comprise a flood interception ditch (drainage of surface water), a percolate drainage guide system (drainage of percolate) and the like. The existing guide drainage system of the tailing pond mainly aims at the guide drainage of internal percolate, almost no guide drainage measure is set for external underground water, a small amount of underground water guide drainage arranged in the tailing pond is only limited below a bottom impermeable layer, the influence range is limited, the interaction between the internal percolate of the tailing pond and the peripheral underground water cannot be effectively isolated, particularly, the impermeable layer which is natural or artificially constructed at the bottom is in contact with shallow underground water for a long time, the service life of the impermeable layer is easily shortened, the existing external underground water needs to be reasonably discharged after being guided, and the operation cost of the tailing pond is increased. The underground water level of the tailing pond still has the possibility of rising, the damage risk of the impermeable layer at the bottom is increased in the past, and the whole drainage system of the tailing pond is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the tailing pond with the problem of migration and diffusion of pollutants, the invention determines a crushed development area of basement rock and a damaged area of a natural or artificial material impervious layer of the tailing pond through comprehensive geological survey, respectively performs grouting seepage-proofing reinforcement treatment on the crushed development area of the basement rock and the damaged area of the impervious layer, simultaneously constructs a peripheral vertical diversion well array of the tailing pond to guide peripheral groundwater, directly crosses to a deep groundwater channel through a relative waterproof layer, and simultaneously arranges a transverse diversion hole in a slag pile for diversion, thereby reducing the water content of the slag pile in the tailing pond and reducing the oxidation dissolution release and diffusion migration rate of the pollutants.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for controlling diversion and seepage prevention of pollution of a tailing pond mainly comprises the following steps:
1) determining a damaged area of a crushed and developed basement rock area at the bottom of the tailings pond and a damaged area of an impermeable layer made of natural or artificial materials through comprehensive geological exploration, and respectively performing grouting impermeable repair treatment on the determined damaged areas;
2) calculating precipitation radius and an advantageous channel according to the permeability coefficient of each stratum in a tailing pond area, and arranging a peripheral vertical diversion well array at the periphery of the tailing pond;
3) a plurality of transverse diversion holes are arranged in a tailing pond slag pile of a sealed pond for conducting drainage, so that the water content of the slag pile in the pond is reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and migration rate of pollutants are reduced.
In the step 1), the comprehensive geological survey means is as follows: resistivity detection, drilling coring, tracer testing, and the like.
In the step 1), the grouting seepage-proofing thickness of the damaged area of the crushed and developed basement rock area at the bottom of the reservoir is 5-15m, and the grouting thickness of the damaged area of the seepage-proofing layer made of natural or artificial materials is 2-5 m; the grouting seepage-proofing material is one or more of cement paste and chemical slurry for grouting, and the permeability coefficient is required to be 1.0 multiplied by 10-7cm/s or an anti-seepage effect equivalent to a clay layer having a thickness of 1.5 m.
In step 2), the layout of the vertical diversion well array is as follows: the hole spacing is 5-30m and the borehole diameter is 50-300 mm.
In the step 2), the drilling depth of the vertical diversion well array is designed as follows: the bottom of the vertical diversion well is more than 5m lower than the bottom of the tailing pond, and the vertical diversion well penetrates through the water-resisting layer to directly intersect with the deep underground water channel.
In the step 2), a sleeve for draining the protection wall is arranged in the vertical diversion well, and the sleeve sequentially comprises a top, a whole pipe and a perforated pipe from bottom to bottom; the top is 5-50cm higher than the ground, and the length of the whole pipe is 2-4 m; the bottom of the sleeve is deep below the weathered layer or directly reaches the bottom; the surface layer of the floral tube is covered with gauze.
In step 3), the layout of the transverse diversion holes is as follows: the transverse diversion holes extend from the dam of the tailing pond to the inside of the pile of the tailing pond and are provided with a plurality of rows of transverse diversion holes, the hole pitch of the same row of transverse diversion holes is 5-10m, the row pitch is 5-20m, and the hole diameter is 50-300 mm.
In the step 3), a plastic anti-corrosion perforated pipe is arranged inside the transverse diversion hole, and a porous anti-corrosion blind pipe is arranged in the perforated pipe to prevent the pipe from being blocked.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1) finding out a crushed and developed subbase rock area and a damaged area of a natural or artificial material impervious barrier of the tailing pond where the migration and diffusion of pollutants occur through comprehensive geological exploration, and performing local grouting impervious repair treatment in a targeted manner to meet the standard impervious requirement of the tailing pond;
2) shallow groundwater is guided by constructing a vertical guide well array on the periphery of the tailing pond, so that the interaction between the peripheral groundwater and the interior of the tailing pond is reduced fundamentally, the external part of an impermeable layer is prevented from contacting with the peripheral shallow groundwater for a long time, and the impermeable layer is effectively protected, so that the safety and the environmental protection of the tailing pond are ensured;
3) the construction cost of the vertical diversion well array at the periphery of the tailing pond is controllable, the later maintenance cost is low, extra power is not needed in operation, and the method is environment-friendly and energy-saving. The vertical diversion well array can cover the underground water drainage of the tailing pond in a full range, and the effect is obviously superior to the underground water drainage outside the existing tailing pond;
4) the drainage of the transverse diversion holes is arranged in the tailings pond slag pile of the sealed pond, and the plastic anti-corrosion perforated pipe protective wall and the porous blind pipe prevent blockage, so that the water content of the slag pile in the pond can be effectively reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and migration rate of pollutants can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for controlling diversion and seepage prevention of pollution of a tailing pond mainly comprises the following steps:
1) determining a damaged area of a crushed and developed basement rock area at the bottom of the tailings pond and a damaged area of an impermeable layer made of natural or artificial materials through comprehensive geological exploration, and respectively performing grouting impermeable repair treatment on the determined damaged areas;
2) calculating precipitation radius and an advantageous channel according to the permeability coefficient of each stratum in a tailing pond area, and arranging a peripheral vertical diversion well array at the periphery of the tailing pond;
3) a plurality of transverse diversion holes are arranged in a tailing pond slag pile of a sealed pond for conducting drainage, so that the water content of the slag pile in the pond is reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and migration rate of pollutants are reduced.
The method is implemented as follows:
the topography of a certain manganese ore tailing pond area in the southwest region belongs to erosion and corrosion gully topography, the original topography of the area is a wide and slow U-shaped gully, the gradient of a longitudinal slope is 1-6 degrees, the cutting depth is 10-60m, and the topography is relatively high. The lowest point elevation of the field in the middle part is 418.18m, the highest point elevation of the field in the south and west sides of the middle part is 513.5m, and the relative height difference is 95.32 m. Mainly used for piling electrolytic manganese slag (belonging to II-class common industrial solid waste) and occupying about 88356m of land2First design capacity 111.37 km3The long-term storage capacity can reach 400 ten thousand meters3. A method for controlling diversion and seepage prevention of pollution of a tailing pond mainly comprises the following steps:
1) determining a crushed and developed zone of subbase rock and a damaged zone of a natural or artificial material impervious barrier by a method combining resistivity detection, drilling coring and a tracing test, and respectively combining cement slurry and chemical slurry to perform grouting impervious reinforcement treatment;
2) and (3) calculating precipitation radius and an advantageous channel according to the permeability coefficient of each stratum in the tailing pond area, and arranging a peripheral vertical flow guide well array, wherein the hole spacing is 20m, and the diameter of a well hole is 168 mm. The vertical diversion well is internally provided with a sleeve for protecting the wall, the sleeve comprises a full pipe at the upper end and a perforated pipe at the lower end, and the length of the full pipe is 4 m. The bottom of the sleeve is deeply embedded below the weathering layer or directly reaches the bottom, the surface layer of the perforated pipe is covered with gauze, and the top of the vertical diversion well is 20cm higher than the ground;
3) a transverse diversion hole is arranged in the slag pile for draining, so that the water content of the slag pile in the storage is reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and migration rates of pollutants are reduced. The diversion holes extend from the dam of the tailing pond to the interior of the pond body, the hole pitch is 10m, the row pitch is 15m, and the hole diameter is 168 mm. The inside anticorrosive floral tube of plastics that sets up of water conservancy diversion hole, the intraductal porous anticorrosive blind pipe that sets up of floral prevents intraductal jam.
By implementing the method, the water level of shallow groundwater below the tailing pond is reduced by 8m compared with that before implementation, and an impermeable layer is effectively protected, so that the high controllability of pollutant release is realized.

Claims (9)

1. The method for controlling diversion and seepage prevention of pollution of the tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) determining a damaged area of a crushed and developed basement rock area at the bottom of the tailings pond and a damaged area of an impermeable layer made of natural or artificial materials through comprehensive geological exploration, and respectively performing grouting impermeable repair treatment on the determined damaged areas;
2) calculating precipitation radius and an advantageous channel according to the permeability coefficient of each stratum in a tailing pond area, and arranging a peripheral vertical diversion well array at the periphery of the tailing pond;
3) a plurality of transverse diversion holes are arranged in a tailing pond slag pile of a sealed pond for conducting drainage, so that the water content of the slag pile in the pond is reduced, and the oxidation, dissolution, release and migration rate of pollutants are reduced.
2. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive geological exploration means at least comprises one or more of resistivity detection, drilling coring and tracing test.
3. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grouting seepage-proofing thickness of the damaged area of the basement rock crushing and developing area at the bottom of the reservoir is 5-15m, and the grouting thickness of the damaged area of the seepage-proofing layer made of natural or artificial materials is 2-5 m.
4. The method for pollution control diversion and seepage prevention of the tailing pond according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grouting anti-seepage material is selected from one or more of cement paste and chemical paste for grouting according to actual conditions, and the permeability coefficient is required to be 1.0 multiplied by 10-7cm/s or an anti-seepage effect equivalent to a clay layer having a thickness of 1.5 m.
5. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical diversion well array comprises a plurality of vertical diversion wells; the drilling depth of the vertical diversion well is designed to be more than 5m below the bottom of the tailing pond at the bottom of the well bottom, and the vertical diversion well penetrates through a relative water-resisting layer and directly intersects with a deep underground water channel; the hole spacing of the vertical diversion well array is 5-30m, and the diameter of the well hole is 50-300 mm.
6. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 5, characterized in that: a sleeve for drainage and wall protection is arranged in the vertical diversion well, and the sleeve sequentially comprises a top, a whole pipe and a perforated pipe from bottom to top; the top is 5-50cm higher than the ground, and the length of the whole pipe is 2-4 m; the surface layer of the floral tube is covered with gauze.
7. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transverse diversion holes extend to the inside of a slag pile of the tailing pond from the direction of the dam of the tailing pond.
8. The method for pollution control diversion and seepage prevention of the tailings pond according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of rows of transverse guide flow holes are arranged in a slag pile of the tailing pond, the hole pitch of the same row of transverse guide flow holes is 5-10m, the row pitch is 5-20m, and the hole diameter is 50-300 mm.
9. The tailings pond pollution control diversion and seepage prevention method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the transverse diversion hole is provided with a plastic anti-corrosion perforated pipe, and a porous anti-corrosion blind pipe is arranged in the perforated pipe.
CN202210097222.4A 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Method for controlling, guiding and preventing seepage of pollution of tailing pond Pending CN114439047A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115094820A (en) * 2022-07-09 2022-09-23 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Underground water pollution risk control system for valley type landfill

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102304924A (en) * 2011-06-28 2012-01-04 沈阳中建东设岩土工程有限公司 Non-resource-exploitation dewatering construction method and dewatering well
CN108374384A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-07 兰州有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 A kind of zero-emission system of tailings and implementation
CN110158665A (en) * 2019-04-03 2019-08-23 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 Tailings Dam leachate collecting device and percolation liquid treating system
CN111980044A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-24 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 Dewatering well structure for separating adjacent aquifers and method for backfilling outside well wall
CN213086926U (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-04-30 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Karst area reservoir catchments and seepage prevention structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102304924A (en) * 2011-06-28 2012-01-04 沈阳中建东设岩土工程有限公司 Non-resource-exploitation dewatering construction method and dewatering well
CN108374384A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-07 兰州有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 A kind of zero-emission system of tailings and implementation
CN110158665A (en) * 2019-04-03 2019-08-23 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 Tailings Dam leachate collecting device and percolation liquid treating system
CN213086926U (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-04-30 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 Karst area reservoir catchments and seepage prevention structure
CN111980044A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-24 济南轨道交通集团有限公司 Dewatering well structure for separating adjacent aquifers and method for backfilling outside well wall

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115094820A (en) * 2022-07-09 2022-09-23 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Underground water pollution risk control system for valley type landfill
CN115094820B (en) * 2022-07-09 2023-12-05 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Groundwater pollution risk control system for valley type landfill

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