CN114438503B - Converter heat treatment method for sleeve hardware workpiece - Google Patents
Converter heat treatment method for sleeve hardware workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN114438503B CN114438503B CN202110937520.5A CN202110937520A CN114438503B CN 114438503 B CN114438503 B CN 114438503B CN 202110937520 A CN202110937520 A CN 202110937520A CN 114438503 B CN114438503 B CN 114438503B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces, which comprises the steps of carburizing and nitriding, quenching and tempering. The invention can well control the precipitation of a large amount of netlike cementite, does not generate unmelted ferrite, avoids grain boundary cracking, reduces product deformation, reduces surface defects, is easy to store, is not easy to rust and has good comprehensive mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hardware workpiece production, in particular to a converter heat treatment method of a sleeve type hardware workpiece.
Background
The hardware workpiece processing procedure comprises a die forming procedure and a heat treatment procedure, wherein the heat treatment is a process of placing the formed hardware workpiece in a certain medium for heating, heat preservation and cooling, and controlling the performance of the hardware workpiece by changing the surface or internal organization structure of the hardware workpiece. The converter is a heat treatment device frequently used in the heat treatment industry, and mainly utilizes current to enable a heating element in the resistance furnace to emit heat, so that workpieces or materials in the furnace body are heated.
Carburizing and quenching are common heat treatment processes for metal parts, and can make the surface of a part subjected to carburizing obtain high hardness and improve the wear resistance of the part. In the traditional heat treatment process, kerosene, carbon powder and the like are used as carburizing agents, calcium chloride dihydrate and industrial salt are used as cooling agents, and the defects exist: the field environment is poor, and a large amount of carbon powder particles and dust are generated in the air, so that the environment is greatly harmed; the hardness of the workpiece is not uniform, the internal structure of the workpiece product is not completely changed, the number of soft points is large, and the mechanical property of the product is not high. The product has obvious shade and sun surfaces, serious oxidation and general yield, particularly, the storage time of the product at the later stage is extremely short, and the product is easy to rust, so that the product dares not to be produced in batches, and the normal production inventory and stock are influenced. The cooling is unstable, and the product is easy to crack and scrap.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces, which can well control the precipitation of a large amount of netlike cementite, has no generation of unmelted ferrite, avoids grain boundary cracking, reduces product deformation, reduces surface defects, is easy to store, is not easy to rust and has good comprehensive mechanical properties.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a converter heat treatment method for sleeve type hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of low-carbon steel material into a converter, heating to 890-940 ℃, keeping the temperature, simultaneously introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 110-140 minutes in total;
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1-2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching;
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 160-410 ℃ for 60-100 minutes. After quenching and cooling, uniform quenching lath-shaped martensite is obtained, no bainite is precipitated, and a small amount of retained austenite is obtained. The toughness and plasticity of the product after tempering are greatly improved, the stress relief effect is excellent, and the mechanical property of the product is improved.
The temperature is raised to 890-940 ℃ to completely transform the product structure into an austenitizing state, and the carbon capacity is maximum in the period. The carburizing agent propane is decomposed into activated carbon atoms at high temperature, so that a relatively deep high carbon layer (hardened layer) is obtained on the surface of the workpiece, the wear resistance is improved, and the propane is adopted as the carburizing agent without dust pollution.
The nitrating agent urea is decomposed into active nitrogen atoms, so that a thin nitrating layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece, and the surface wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved.
Preferably, the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.12-0.24L/min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the cooling liquid is a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 6-10%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25-40 ℃.
A converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of medium carbon steel or alloy steel material into a converter, heating to 830-880 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 40-60 minutes in total;
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1-2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching;
(3) Tempering: cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering at 250-480 ℃ for 60-120 minutes. After quenching, the product obtains uniform quenched martensite (lath-shaped and needle-mounted martensite) and a very small amount of retained austenite. The tempering obtains stable true phase structure, and greatly improves the comprehensive mechanical property of the product.
The carburizing agent propane is decomposed into activated carbon atoms at high temperature so as to keep the carbon balance of the workpiece and make up for insufficient spheroidization for surface micro-infiltration treatment, so that the wear resistance is improved, and the propane is adopted as the carburizing agent without dust pollution. The nitrating agent urea is decomposed into active nitrogen atoms, so that a thin nitrating layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece, and the surface wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved.
Preferably, the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.06-0.10L/min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the cooling liquid is a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 8-14%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25-40 ℃.
Preferably, the nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 20-30 g/furnace.
Preferably, the surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the amount of the surface defect improver is 30 to 50 g/furnace. According to the invention, calcium carbonate is added into the converter as a surface defect improver, so that the calcium carbonate does not react with furnace gas comprehensively, and the problem that the surface of a workpiece is stained with material slag can be solved. If calcium carbonate is not added, the surface of a workpiece is very easy to be infected with granular slag, so that the surface defect is caused, the product is unqualified, and the product is qualified and needs to be polished smoothly by taking a great deal of effort.
Preferably, in step (1), the rotation speed of the converter is 0.5 to 1 rpm.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the converter during the quenching in the step (2) is 9-10 revolutions per minute.
In the invention, the cooling liquid in the cooling tank flows out from the bottom of the cooling tank upwards in a circulating manner during quenching; the specific process is as follows: bilateral symmetry is provided with two gushing pipes in the cooling bath, gushes the pipe and is the crook shape, gushes the jet of pipe and is located the lower part of cooling bath and spout the coolant liquid upwards, and coolant liquid circulation collecting pipe connects the circulating pump import, and the circulating pump export passes through the pipeline and gushes a tub access connection, and coolant liquid is from gushing the pipe blowout back like this, flows to the circulating pump in from coolant liquid circulation collection mouth again, carries again to gushing the pipe, forms the circulation of coolant liquid and gushes.
The cooling tank is used for reducing the temperature of the workpiece, when the workpiece falls into cooling liquid from the converter, the temperature difference between cold and hot is large, a steam film can be formed on the surface of the workpiece, and if the steam film is not removed, the hardness of the surface of the workpiece is uneven, soft spots exist, the surface is shaded and the product is unqualified. In order to overcome the problem, the invention adopts a specific sodium hydroxide solution as a coolant and adopts a gushing outflow mode of spraying from bottom to top, so that the steam film can be rapidly broken and removed.
The quenching of the present invention uses 6-10% sodium hydroxide solution as the coolant so that only a very small area of the workpiece surface will produce very slight, almost negligible, light oxidation. And the oxidation degree is not changed during tempering treatment after cleaning. If the existing coolant such as industrial salt, calcium chloride and the like is adopted, light yellowish mild oxidation is generated on a large area of the surface of the workpiece when the workpiece is taken out by quenching, and the oxidation degree is rapidly increased during tempering treatment after cleaning, so that rust spots are easy to appear.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the method can well control the precipitation of a large amount of netlike cementite, does not generate unmelted ferrite, avoids grain boundary cracking, reduces product deformation, reduces surface defects, is easy to store, is not easy to rust and has good comprehensive mechanical properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling bath according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a workpiece pick-up slag.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a workpiece being free of material residue.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples.
In the present invention, the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, unless otherwise specified. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The approved power of the converter in the embodiment of the invention is 45 kilowatts, and the charging amount is as follows: the power is calculated according to the approved power of the circuit, namely about 112.5-135KG of 45 kilowatts per heat, and the product amount is about 2.5-3KG per kilowatt.
Example 1
A converter heat treatment method for sleeve type hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of a low-carbon steel material (A3 steel) into a converter, heating to 890 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 140 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.12L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 20 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 30 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 0.5 r/min.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased to 9 revolutions per minute, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 6%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 160 ℃ for 100 minutes.
Example 2
A converter heat treatment method for sleeve type hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of a low-carbon steel material (A3 steel) into a converter, heating to 940 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 110 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.24L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 30 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 50 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 1 revolution per minute.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, increasing the rotating speed of the converter to 10 revolutions per minute, simultaneously opening a converter mouth, pouring the sleeve hardware workpiece into a cooling tank for quenching, wherein the quenching time is 2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 40 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 410 ℃ for 60 minutes.
Example 3
A converter heat treatment method for sleeve type hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of a low-carbon steel material (A3 steel) into a converter, heating to 920 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 125 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.18L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 25 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 40 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 1 revolution per minute.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased to 10 revolutions per minute, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1.5min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 8%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 30 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 300 ℃ for 80 minutes. The obtained product is shown in figure 3, the surface of the workpiece is smooth, and the material slag is not adhered to.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that: the same procedure as in example 3 was repeated except that no surface defect improver was added to the converter. The product is shown in figure 2, and the workpiece is stained with material slag and has surface defects.
Example 4
A converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of medium carbon steel (50 # steel) into a converter, heating to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 60 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.06L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 20 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 30 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 0.5 rpm.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased to 9 revolutions per minute, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 8%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering at 250 ℃ for 120 minutes.
Example 5
A converter heat treatment method for sleeve type hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of alloy steel (50 BV30 chrome vanadium steel) into a converter, heating to 880 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 40 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.10L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 30 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 50 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 1 revolution per minute.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, increasing the rotating speed of the converter to 10 revolutions per minute, simultaneously opening a converter mouth, pouring the sleeve hardware workpiece into a cooling tank for quenching, wherein the quenching time is 2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 14%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 40 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering at 480 ℃ for 60 minutes.
Example 6
A converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces comprises the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of medium carbon steel (50 # steel) into a converter, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 50 minutes in total; the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.08L/min. The nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 25 g/furnace. The surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 40 g/furnace. The rotating speed of the converter in the step is 1 revolution per minute.
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased to 10 revolutions per minute, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1.5min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching; the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 30 ℃.
(3) Tempering: and cleaning the quenched sleeve type hardware workpiece with clear water, then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace, and carrying out tempering treatment for 80 minutes at 320 ℃.
Comparative example 2
This embodiment is different from embodiment 6 in that: the coolant in the cooling bath was at rest during quenching and the coolant was a 10% calcium chloride solution, other along with example 6. Compared with the product obtained in the example 6, the product obtained in the example 6 has the advantages that slight oxidation exists on about 3 percent of the surface area, the weight is not increased during the subsequent tempering treatment, and the product quality is good. The product obtained in the comparative example 2 has slight oxidation in about 99% of the surface area, the oxidation is accelerated during the subsequent tempering treatment, rust spots appear, and the product is directly unqualified and scrapped. After the product obtained in the comparative example 2 is subjected to 1 week, the rust spots are obvious, the corrosion is accelerated, and the surface of the product is corroded and dimpled. The product of the invention can not change after being stored for more than one year and has good corrosion resistance.
In addition, compared with the conventional coolant, the conventional coolant changes chemical components during use, forms deposits, is easy to age, needs to be replaced by new coolant in one year, and cannot be reused. The cooling liquid can be recycled by simple filtration treatment, has strong aging resistance, and can not generate a large amount of waste water and waste residues after being treated once in 3-5 years.
The cooling tank of the quenching step of the invention is arranged as follows:
as shown in figure 1, each face of the cooling tank 1 is a mesh face, the cooling tank 1 is placed in a cooling tank 5, the cooling tank is filled with cooling liquid, a gushing pipe 2 is fixed in the middle of each of the left side face and the right side face of the cooling tank, the gushing pipe is in a hook shape, a jet orifice of the gushing pipe is located at the lower portion of the cooling tank and jets the cooling liquid upwards, the flowing direction of the jetted liquid flow is shown as a dotted line in figure 1, a cooling liquid circulating collecting pipe 4 is connected with an inlet of a circulating pump 3, the cooling liquid circulating collecting pipe extends into the cooling liquid in the cooling tank, an outlet of the circulating pump is connected with an inlet of the gushing pipe through a pipeline, and therefore, after the cooling liquid is jetted out from a gushing pipe opening, the cooling liquid is sucked into the circulating pump from the cooling liquid circulating collecting pipe and is conveyed to the gushing pipe again to form circulating gushing of the cooling liquid. The cooling liquid spraying mode of the invention is matched with the components of the cooling liquid, so that the steam film can be rapidly broken and removed, and the product defects are avoided.
The product produced by the invention meets the national standard of GB/T3390.1-2013 manual socket wrench sockets, and meanwhile, on the basis, the product also meets the requirements of the local standard T/ZZB 1263-2019 manual socket wrench sockets in Zhejiang province with higher requirements, and the product quality is good.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of low-carbon steel material into a converter, heating to 890-940 ℃, keeping the temperature, simultaneously introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 110-140 minutes in total;
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1-2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching;
(3) Tempering: cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 160-410 ℃ for 60-100 minutes;
the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.12-0.24L/min;
in the step (2), the cooling liquid is sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 6-10%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25-40 ℃;
the nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 20-30 g/furnace;
the surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 30-50 g/furnace.
2. A converter heat treatment method of sleeve hardware workpieces is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Carburizing and nitriding: feeding a sleeve type hardware workpiece made of medium carbon steel or alloy steel material into a converter, heating to 830-880 ℃, keeping the temperature, introducing a carburizing agent, adding a nitriding agent and a surface defect improving agent, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 40-60 minutes in total;
(2) Quenching: after the treatment in the step (1) is finished, the rotating speed of the converter is increased, a converter mouth is opened at the same time, the sleeve type hardware workpiece is poured into a cooling tank for quenching, the quenching time is 1-2min, and cooling liquid in the cooling tank circularly gushes upwards from the bottom of the cooling tank during quenching;
(3) Tempering: cleaning the quenched sleeve hardware workpiece with clear water, and then sending the workpiece into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment at 250-480 ℃ for 60-120 minutes;
the carburizing agent is propane, and the flow rate of the propane is 0.06-0.10L/min;
in the step (2), the cooling liquid is a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 8-14%, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is controlled at 25-40 ℃;
the nitriding agent is urea, and the dosage of the nitriding agent is 20-30 g/furnace;
the surface defect improver is calcium carbonate, and the dosage of the surface defect improver is 30-50 g/furnace.
3. The converter heat treatment method of the sleeve-like hardware workpiece as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the rotating speed of the converter is 0.5-1 rpm.
4. The converter heat treatment method of the sleeve-like hardware workpiece as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotating speed of the converter during the quenching in the step (2) is 9-10 rpm.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB518726A (en) * | 1937-10-14 | 1940-03-06 | Roysel John Cowan | Improvements in and relating to the case-hardening of ferrous articles |
| GB1034157A (en) * | 1964-02-26 | 1966-06-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Case hardening ferrous articles |
| CN101476029A (en) * | 2009-01-06 | 2009-07-08 | 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 | Heat treatment method for diesel engine cam |
| CN106757059A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛格润得新型材料有限公司 | A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of rocking arm |
| CN110055470A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-26 | 马鞍山市盛磊耐磨合金制造有限公司 | A kind of container angle and its heat treatment process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5639064B2 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2014-12-10 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Method for producing carbonitrided member |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB518726A (en) * | 1937-10-14 | 1940-03-06 | Roysel John Cowan | Improvements in and relating to the case-hardening of ferrous articles |
| GB1034157A (en) * | 1964-02-26 | 1966-06-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Case hardening ferrous articles |
| CN101476029A (en) * | 2009-01-06 | 2009-07-08 | 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 | Heat treatment method for diesel engine cam |
| CN106757059A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛格润得新型材料有限公司 | A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of rocking arm |
| CN110055470A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-26 | 马鞍山市盛磊耐磨合金制造有限公司 | A kind of container angle and its heat treatment process |
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